Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.31436/imjm.v22i3.2169
S. Z. Syed Jaapar, R. Muhamad, Asrenee Abdul Razak, M. Bakar
Malay-Muslim identity is the regular norm among Malays in Malaysia; however, this identity has been challenged with the emergence of sexual-and-gender minority (SGM). Even though Malay cultural values and Islamic teachings prohibit same-sex orientation and cross-gender, a SGM group has evolved among Malay-Muslim natal females. This meta-synthesis was conducted to explore the psychosocial factors involved in the construction of SGM and its consequences among Malay natal females in Malaysia using the Sandelowski-Barroso approach. A systematic search of articles was done in the selected databases by using identified keywords between October to December 2020. Twelve full articles were included after proper screening and in-depth reviews. The quality of these articles was assessed independently by two researchers. The articles were then analysed using ATLAS.ti 8 software to group the data into subthemes and themes. Lastly, the effect sizes of each subtheme were calculated. Three main themes were identified: affection seeking, hurtful experience and nurturing influences. Malay natal females also shared consequences following construction of SGM identity which include acceptance from community, continuous conflicts in life and mental health consequences. This meta-synthesis revealed the influences that shape the construction of Malay SGM women. Thus, interventions shall be planned to aid them according to cultural and psychosocial factors.
{"title":"Construction of Sexual and Gender Minority Identity among Malay-Muslim Natal Females: A Meta-Synthesis","authors":"S. Z. Syed Jaapar, R. Muhamad, Asrenee Abdul Razak, M. Bakar","doi":"10.31436/imjm.v22i3.2169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v22i3.2169","url":null,"abstract":"Malay-Muslim identity is the regular norm among Malays in Malaysia; however, this identity has been challenged with the emergence of sexual-and-gender minority (SGM). Even though Malay cultural values and Islamic teachings prohibit same-sex orientation and cross-gender, a SGM group has evolved among Malay-Muslim natal females. This meta-synthesis was conducted to explore the psychosocial factors involved in the construction of SGM and its consequences among Malay natal females in Malaysia using the Sandelowski-Barroso approach. A systematic search of articles was done in the selected databases by using identified keywords between October to December 2020. Twelve full articles were included after proper screening and in-depth reviews. The quality of these articles was assessed independently by two researchers. The articles were then analysed using ATLAS.ti 8 software to group the data into subthemes and themes. Lastly, the effect sizes of each subtheme were calculated. Three main themes were identified: affection seeking, hurtful experience and nurturing influences. Malay natal females also shared consequences following construction of SGM identity which include acceptance from community, continuous conflicts in life and mental health consequences. This meta-synthesis revealed the influences that shape the construction of Malay SGM women. Thus, interventions shall be planned to aid them according to cultural and psychosocial factors.","PeriodicalId":13474,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88744364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.31436/imjm.v22i3.1972
Fayiza Manzoor Ahmed, A. Aizuddin, Nor Farah Bakhtiar, Azizan Ali
A periodic medical examination is also referred to as a health screening, an annual health checkup, a preventive health check or a general health checkup. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review in order to identify the techniques, their origin, and conceptual foundation, as well as the instruments or items that were utilised in evaluating views about periodic medical examinations. Three databases were searched using the PRISMA checklist for publication searches from inception to April 2019. Some of the PICO (population, intervention, comparison, outcome) acronym selection criteria that were looked for included: focusing on general health check-ups and involving adults; and is published in peer-reviewed journals from inception to April 2019, with full-text papers available in English. Of the 2,445 articles identified, 340 were examined, and only 15 were finally included in this review. One study used a mixed method and another two qualitative methods, while the rest were quantitative in nature. The Mixed Method Appraisal Tool (MMAT) was used to evaluate the overall quality of each item that was kept. A multi-factorial impact on periodic medical examination is seen in the practice of periodic medical examination. Lack of awareness, self-practice, and compliance with suggestions from healthcare experts might be responsible. As a medical examination is the initial step of a healthcare intervention, action taken at this stage may help in management later, thus maximising the advantages of health check-ups. In order to get the full benefits of periodic health checks, a wide variety of techniques will be required.
{"title":"Periodic Medical Examination: A Systematic Review","authors":"Fayiza Manzoor Ahmed, A. Aizuddin, Nor Farah Bakhtiar, Azizan Ali","doi":"10.31436/imjm.v22i3.1972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v22i3.1972","url":null,"abstract":"A periodic medical examination is also referred to as a health screening, an annual health checkup, a preventive health check or a general health checkup. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review in order to identify the techniques, their origin, and conceptual foundation, as well as the instruments or items that were utilised in evaluating views about periodic medical examinations. Three databases were searched using the PRISMA checklist for publication searches from inception to April 2019. Some of the PICO (population, intervention, comparison, outcome) acronym selection criteria that were looked for included: focusing on general health check-ups and involving adults; and is published in peer-reviewed journals from inception to April 2019, with full-text papers available in English. Of the 2,445 articles identified, 340 were examined, and only 15 were finally included in this review. One study used a mixed method and another two qualitative methods, while the rest were quantitative in nature. The Mixed Method Appraisal Tool (MMAT) was used to evaluate the overall quality of each item that was kept. A multi-factorial impact on periodic medical examination is seen in the practice of periodic medical examination. Lack of awareness, self-practice, and compliance with suggestions from healthcare experts might be responsible. As a medical examination is the initial step of a healthcare intervention, action taken at this stage may help in management later, thus maximising the advantages of health check-ups. In order to get the full benefits of periodic health checks, a wide variety of techniques will be required.","PeriodicalId":13474,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84428305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.31436/imjm.v22i3.2056
Hui Jean Yap, I. Mohamad, Ahmad Zuhdi Mamat
Descending mediastinitis is defined as the spread of oropharyngeal or odontogenic infection into the mediastinum. It occurs uncommonly and has a high mortality rate. Prompt commencement of broad-spectrum antibiotics combined with surgical drainage is crucial to limit further spread of infection. We report a case of extensive deep neck infection in a 66-year-old female which rapidly progressed to the contralateral neck complicated by descending anterior mediastinitis. She underwent a combined transcervical and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for drainage of abscess and was put on 3 weeks of intravenous antibiotics coupled with another 3 weeks of oral antibiotics. Deep neck infection with descending mediastinitis can be successfully treated with antibiotics and early surgical drainage via a combined transcervical and VATS approach.
{"title":"Management of Deep Neck Infection with Descending Mediastinitis using Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery","authors":"Hui Jean Yap, I. Mohamad, Ahmad Zuhdi Mamat","doi":"10.31436/imjm.v22i3.2056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v22i3.2056","url":null,"abstract":"Descending mediastinitis is defined as the spread of oropharyngeal or odontogenic infection into the mediastinum. It occurs uncommonly and has a high mortality rate. Prompt commencement of broad-spectrum antibiotics combined with surgical drainage is crucial to limit further spread of infection. We report a case of extensive deep neck infection in a 66-year-old female which rapidly progressed to the contralateral neck complicated by descending anterior mediastinitis. She underwent a combined transcervical and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for drainage of abscess and was put on 3 weeks of intravenous antibiotics coupled with another 3 weeks of oral antibiotics. Deep neck infection with descending mediastinitis can be successfully treated with antibiotics and early surgical drainage via a combined transcervical and VATS approach.","PeriodicalId":13474,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89691531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.31436/imjm.v22i2.2133
Sumayah Mahmood, N. Omar, H. Sallehuddin, M. Albayaty, Barakatun Nisak Mohd Yusof
INTRODUCTION: Understanding the status of diabetes is important to predict thevariables that affect risks due to diabetes or can be used to prevent diabetes. This studyaimed to compare the socio-demographic characteristics, nutritional status, vitamin D(VitD) levels, and lifestyles of diabetic versus non-diabetic adults in Baghdad, Iraq.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A comparative cross-sectional study was carried out fromOctober to December 2019, and data were collected from adults aged 20 to 65 years.Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors that contributed to thedevelopment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Data was analyzed using SPSSVersion 22. RESULTS: One-hundred seventy subjects were divided into two groups of85 respondents in non-diabetic and diabetic groups, respectively. Educational level, vitDlevel and daily consumption of red meat, pizza, pastries, nut and bread were significantlyhigher in the non-diabetic than in the diabetic group (p<0.05). On the other hand,respondents with T2DM had higher family history of T2DM, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR),body fat percentage (BF%), fasting blood glucose (FBG) and daily consumption of brownbread (p<0.05). Multiple logistic regression showed that the only significant factorscontributing to the status of diabetes were educational attainment and FBG (p<0.05).CONCLUSION: Higher educational level and decreasing one unit of FBS reduced the riskof T2DM by 10% and 67%, respectively. Future Interventions on fostering educationallevel, normal BMI, healthier diet and vitamin D intake are recommended for T2DMprevention and control in Iraqi adults.
{"title":"Nutritional Status, Vitamin D and Lifestyle of Adults with and without Type 2 Diabetes in Baghdad, Iraq: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Sumayah Mahmood, N. Omar, H. Sallehuddin, M. Albayaty, Barakatun Nisak Mohd Yusof","doi":"10.31436/imjm.v22i2.2133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v22i2.2133","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Understanding the status of diabetes is important to predict thevariables that affect risks due to diabetes or can be used to prevent diabetes. This studyaimed to compare the socio-demographic characteristics, nutritional status, vitamin D(VitD) levels, and lifestyles of diabetic versus non-diabetic adults in Baghdad, Iraq.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A comparative cross-sectional study was carried out fromOctober to December 2019, and data were collected from adults aged 20 to 65 years.Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors that contributed to thedevelopment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Data was analyzed using SPSSVersion 22. RESULTS: One-hundred seventy subjects were divided into two groups of85 respondents in non-diabetic and diabetic groups, respectively. Educational level, vitDlevel and daily consumption of red meat, pizza, pastries, nut and bread were significantlyhigher in the non-diabetic than in the diabetic group (p<0.05). On the other hand,respondents with T2DM had higher family history of T2DM, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR),body fat percentage (BF%), fasting blood glucose (FBG) and daily consumption of brownbread (p<0.05). Multiple logistic regression showed that the only significant factorscontributing to the status of diabetes were educational attainment and FBG (p<0.05).CONCLUSION: Higher educational level and decreasing one unit of FBS reduced the riskof T2DM by 10% and 67%, respectively. Future Interventions on fostering educationallevel, normal BMI, healthier diet and vitamin D intake are recommended for T2DMprevention and control in Iraqi adults.","PeriodicalId":13474,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82198790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.31436/imjm.v22i2.1936
Xiao-Wei Ting, Nor Fadzillah Abd Jalil, Julieana Muhammed
Pseudo-Foster Kennedy syndrome (PFKS) is defined as unilateral disc oedema with contralateral optic nerve pallor, in the absence of intracranial pathologies. Diabetic papillopathy is a rare ocular manifestation of diabetes mellitus (DM). We report a rare case of PFKS secondary to diabetic papillopathy in a young patient with type 2 DM who had poor glucose control. There was optic disc swelling over the right eye and optic disc pallor over the left eye. His visual field assessment showed right inferior field defect and general depression in the left. Optical coherence tomography retinal nerve fibre layer showed normal thickness over the right eye and generalized thinning over the left eye. Neuroimaging and other laboratory investigations were unremarkable. With good glycemic control, the optic disc swelling over the right eye resolved. Visual field defect remained the same but retinal nerve fiber layer showed thinning in areas where the edema had resolved.
{"title":"A Rare Case of Diabetic Papillopathy Presenting with Pseudo-Foster Kennsedy Syndrome","authors":"Xiao-Wei Ting, Nor Fadzillah Abd Jalil, Julieana Muhammed","doi":"10.31436/imjm.v22i2.1936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v22i2.1936","url":null,"abstract":"Pseudo-Foster Kennedy syndrome (PFKS) is defined as unilateral disc oedema with contralateral optic nerve pallor, in the absence of intracranial pathologies. Diabetic papillopathy is a rare ocular manifestation of diabetes mellitus (DM). We report a rare case of PFKS secondary to diabetic papillopathy in a young patient with type 2 DM who had poor glucose control. There was optic disc swelling over the right eye and optic disc pallor over the left eye. His visual field assessment showed right inferior field defect and general depression in the left. Optical coherence tomography retinal nerve fibre layer showed normal thickness over the right eye and generalized thinning over the left eye. Neuroimaging and other laboratory investigations were unremarkable. With good glycemic control, the optic disc swelling over the right eye resolved. Visual field defect remained the same but retinal nerve fiber layer showed thinning in areas where the edema had resolved.","PeriodicalId":13474,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76205429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.31436/imjm.v22i2.1942
H. Ridzwan
INTRODUCTION: There is an increasing trend of premarital sexual experience and teenage pregnancies in Malaysia, coupled with a paucity of data regarding sexual practices amongst adolescents. Current available sexual knowledge scales that were reviewed were found unsuitable to be applied to the Malaysian population, due to a multitude of factors such cultural and religious sensitivity; explicit nature and contents; targeting specific populations; non-comprehensiveness. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The development of a new scale, Youth and Adolescent Sexual Knowledge Scale (YASKS) is divided into qualitative and quantitative stages. The qualitative stage involved extensive literature review of currently available and related scales and expert interviews (qualitative content validity) to identify the domains for sexual knowledge; item identification for each domain and language review. In the quantitative stage, the pretest of the pre-final version, and validation study were conducted among students from International Islamic University Malaysia, in Kuantan. RESULTS: Initial Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) revealed 11 factors with overall Cronbach alpha of 0.3, 95% CI (0.251,0.422) EFA was then repeated with two factors resulting in deletion of 19 items. Cronbach alpha significantly improved to 0.695% CI (0.548, 0.643), while the alpha for the two domains were 0.68, CI (0.637, 0.724) and 0.5, 95% CI (0.455,0.589). CONCLUSION: This study revealed a two-factor model with 12 items of the YASKS with acceptable psychometric properties. This scale is valid and reliable to measure sexual knowledge among youth and adolescents in Kuantan.
{"title":"Designing and Validating a New Youth and Adolescent Sexual Knowledge Scale","authors":"H. Ridzwan","doi":"10.31436/imjm.v22i2.1942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v22i2.1942","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: There is an increasing trend of premarital sexual experience and teenage pregnancies in Malaysia, coupled with a paucity of data regarding sexual practices amongst adolescents. Current available sexual knowledge scales that were reviewed were found unsuitable to be applied to the Malaysian population, due to a multitude of factors such cultural and religious sensitivity; explicit nature and contents; targeting specific populations; non-comprehensiveness. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The development of a new scale, Youth and Adolescent Sexual Knowledge Scale (YASKS) is divided into qualitative and quantitative stages. The qualitative stage involved extensive literature review of currently available and related scales and expert interviews (qualitative content validity) to identify the domains for sexual knowledge; item identification for each domain and language review. In the quantitative stage, the pretest of the pre-final version, and validation study were conducted among students from International Islamic University Malaysia, in Kuantan. RESULTS: Initial Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) revealed 11 factors with overall Cronbach alpha of 0.3, 95% CI (0.251,0.422) EFA was then repeated with two factors resulting in deletion of 19 items. Cronbach alpha significantly improved to 0.695% CI (0.548, 0.643), while the alpha for the two domains were 0.68, CI (0.637, 0.724) and 0.5, 95% CI (0.455,0.589). CONCLUSION: This study revealed a two-factor model with 12 items of the YASKS with acceptable psychometric properties. This scale is valid and reliable to measure sexual knowledge among youth and adolescents in Kuantan.","PeriodicalId":13474,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87137248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.31436/imjm.v22i2.2059
Gloria Liaw Ann Pyn, C. Nadarajan, Siti Khairunnisaak -, Roudhotul Nadiah -
Extraskeletal Ewing Sarcoma is rarely reported. A fifteen-year-old girl presented with the right-sided pleuritic chest pain, shortness of breath, and productive cough with whitish sputum associated with poor oral intake. She subsequently underwent contrast-enhanced Computerized Tomography thorax, which showed lobulated heterogenous hypodensity occupying the entrance of the right superior pulmonary vein, extending to the left atrium.
{"title":"A Teenage Girl with Large Lung Mass","authors":"Gloria Liaw Ann Pyn, C. Nadarajan, Siti Khairunnisaak -, Roudhotul Nadiah -","doi":"10.31436/imjm.v22i2.2059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v22i2.2059","url":null,"abstract":"Extraskeletal Ewing Sarcoma is rarely reported. A fifteen-year-old girl presented with the right-sided pleuritic chest pain, shortness of breath, and productive cough with whitish sputum associated with poor oral intake. She subsequently underwent contrast-enhanced Computerized Tomography thorax, which showed lobulated heterogenous hypodensity occupying the entrance of the right superior pulmonary vein, extending to the left atrium.","PeriodicalId":13474,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86554655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.31436/imjm.v22i2.2163
Nur Sakinah Nong Nong, Ibrahim Adam Ahmed Shogar
Foetal complications due to abnormal Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) levels are becoming a serious matter. The risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) is substantially greater in the raised maternal serum-alpha fetoprotein (MS-AFP) group than in the normal MS-AFP groups. The top three APOs in terms of occurrence rate in the increased MS-AFP group were structural foetal abnormalities, spontaneous abortion, and premature delivery. Low levels of AFP in the maternal may indicate a risk of Down syndrome. This is a critical matter that needs to be investigated and dealt with seriously, based on the systems thinking approach. This research aims to investigate screening methods on AFP foetal based on system thinking approach. The main purpose of the study is to provide an analytical and integrated approach to deal with foetal complications due to AFP level. This integrated approach comprises various analytical aspects, including conceptual framework, data analysis, evaluation of the screening methods. How systems thinking can contribute to improve all these aspects of foetal complications will be investigated. The methodology will enable to conduct a detailed explanation to the major problems of AFP in the form of a causal loop diagram based on the holistic view of the systems thinking approach. It is expected that the application of a systems approach could provide an effective method of analysis for understanding and managing the foetal abnormalities by considering all aspects in a holistic manner and clearer methods of intervention to reduce the cases.
{"title":"Systems Thinking Approach on Foetal Abnormalities Due to Alpha-Fetoprotein Level","authors":"Nur Sakinah Nong Nong, Ibrahim Adam Ahmed Shogar","doi":"10.31436/imjm.v22i2.2163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v22i2.2163","url":null,"abstract":"Foetal complications due to abnormal Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) levels are becoming a serious matter. The risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) is substantially greater in the raised maternal serum-alpha fetoprotein (MS-AFP) group than in the normal MS-AFP groups. The top three APOs in terms of occurrence rate in the increased MS-AFP group were structural foetal abnormalities, spontaneous abortion, and premature delivery. Low levels of AFP in the maternal may indicate a risk of Down syndrome. This is a critical matter that needs to be investigated and dealt with seriously, based on the systems thinking approach. This research aims to investigate screening methods on AFP foetal based on system thinking approach. The main purpose of the study is to provide an analytical and integrated approach to deal with foetal complications due to AFP level. This integrated approach comprises various analytical aspects, including conceptual framework, data analysis, evaluation of the screening methods. How systems thinking can contribute to improve all these aspects of foetal complications will be investigated. The methodology will enable to conduct a detailed explanation to the major problems of AFP in the form of a causal loop diagram based on the holistic view of the systems thinking approach. It is expected that the application of a systems approach could provide an effective method of analysis for understanding and managing the foetal abnormalities by considering all aspects in a holistic manner and clearer methods of intervention to reduce the cases. ","PeriodicalId":13474,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91526393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.31436/imjm.v22i2.2154
A. Amid, Zul Azhar Mahpodz, Aszrin Abdullah
Stress and mental health have become a global concern as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. This review highlights the technologies applied to stress monitoring with up-to -date literature on psychological and behavioural evaluation for stress detection. The working principle and potential of these stress identifiers, particularly physiological signals are explored. Researchers have been directing their interest in producing reliable and wearable devices to detect and prevent stress and panic attacks. The breakthrough of biochemical-near-infrared stress monitoring devices will facilitate medical practitioners in the early detection of stress and panic attacks. The review seeks to explore the types of methods used to detect stress as well as the pros and cons of the available technology while providing a new solution for future implications of stress monitoring detection devices.
{"title":"Stress Monitoring Device and its Future Direction","authors":"A. Amid, Zul Azhar Mahpodz, Aszrin Abdullah","doi":"10.31436/imjm.v22i2.2154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v22i2.2154","url":null,"abstract":"Stress and mental health have become a global concern as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. This review highlights the technologies applied to stress monitoring with up-to -date literature on psychological and behavioural evaluation for stress detection. The working principle and potential of these stress identifiers, particularly physiological signals are explored. Researchers have been directing their interest in producing reliable and wearable devices to detect and prevent stress and panic attacks. The breakthrough of biochemical-near-infrared stress monitoring devices will facilitate medical practitioners in the early detection of stress and panic attacks. The review seeks to explore the types of methods used to detect stress as well as the pros and cons of the available technology while providing a new solution for future implications of stress monitoring detection devices.","PeriodicalId":13474,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76215035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.31436/imjm.v22i2.1957
F. Ariffin, Sh Ali, I. S. M. Mat Azmi
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common risk factor for patients with periodontal disease. Periodontitis patients with poor glycaemic control present with severe and advanced periodontal tissue destruction. A multidisciplinary approach between the periodontist and medical practitioner is clinically proven to maintain the patient's periodontal health and general well-being. This case report aims to raise the awareness and provide a basic guideline for medical and dental practitioners in identifying and managing periodontitis patients with undiagnosed DM particularly if patient is presented with recurrent periodontal abscess. A 34-year-old Malay lady presented with recurrent periodontal abscess and diagnosed with Periodontitis Stage III Grade C was treated holistically by the periodontist and a medical practitioner. The patient's compliance towards the periodontal treatment, routine medical check-ups, and medications has helped the patient achieved better periodontal health and controlled glycaemic level. Following her sixth periodontal re-evaluation in two years improvement in oral hygiene, resolution of gingival swelling and bleeding were seen after sequences of non-surgical, surgical periodontal treatment and patient’s compliance towards her medications and follow-up.
{"title":"Holistic Approach of Periodontitis Patient with Diabetes Mellitus: A Case Report","authors":"F. Ariffin, Sh Ali, I. S. M. Mat Azmi","doi":"10.31436/imjm.v22i2.1957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v22i2.1957","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common risk factor for patients with periodontal disease. Periodontitis patients with poor glycaemic control present with severe and advanced periodontal tissue destruction. A multidisciplinary approach between the periodontist and medical practitioner is clinically proven to maintain the patient's periodontal health and general well-being. This case report aims to raise the awareness and provide a basic guideline for medical and dental practitioners in identifying and managing periodontitis patients with undiagnosed DM particularly if patient is presented with recurrent periodontal abscess. A 34-year-old Malay lady presented with recurrent periodontal abscess and diagnosed with Periodontitis Stage III Grade C was treated holistically by the periodontist and a medical practitioner. The patient's compliance towards the periodontal treatment, routine medical check-ups, and medications has helped the patient achieved better periodontal health and controlled glycaemic level. Following her sixth periodontal re-evaluation in two years improvement in oral hygiene, resolution of gingival swelling and bleeding were seen after sequences of non-surgical, surgical periodontal treatment and patient’s compliance towards her medications and follow-up.","PeriodicalId":13474,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74206977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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