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Relationship of Neurotropin-3 Gene Polymorphism with Cognitive Impairment in Bipolar Disorder.
IF 1.9 Q3 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2025-02-02 DOI: 10.1177/02537176251314157
Muralidharan Monisha, Neha Keshri, Hanumanthappa Nandeesha, Vikas Menon

Background: Neurotropin-3 (NT-3), a marker of neural plasticity, is reported to be altered in bipolar disorder (BD). This study was designed to evaluate NT-3 gene polymorphism (rs 6489630, rs 6332, and rs 11063714) in BD and its association with disease severity and cognition.

Methods: The study included 176 BD cases and 176 controls. All the participants were tested for NT-3 polymorphism and plasma NT-3. ACE-III scores were used to analyze cognition.

Results: The NT-3 polymorphism (rs 6489630) was associated with cognitive impairment in BD (P = .010). The attention score was found to be decreased in the CT genotype (P = .028) when compared to the CC and TT genotypes of the rs6489630 variant. The visuospatial ability score was decreased in the GG genotype (P = .044) compared to the AG genotype of the rs11063714 variant. BD patients with the maniac episode showed a decrease in levels of Neurotrophin-3 in comparison to both the control group (P = .045) and the remission group (P = .017). Plasma NT-3 was associated with the YMRS (r = -0.221, P = .003), HDRS (r = 0.209, P = .005) and visuospatial ability score (r = 0.180, P = .017) in patients with BD.

Conclusion: Single nucleotide polymorphisms of NT-3 are associated with cognitive dysfunction in BD.

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引用次数: 0
Mindfulness: Impact and Place in Physician's Well-being.
IF 1.9 Q3 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2025-02-02 DOI: 10.1177/02537176241312647
Viswanath Bandi, Prasad Rao Gundugurti
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引用次数: 0
Lifelong Pharmacoprophylaxis in Bipolar Disorder: Holy Grail or Hollow Promise?
IF 1.9 Q3 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1177/02537176251313523
Sandeep Grover, Vikas Menon
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引用次数: 0
Effectiveness of Extended Screening and Brief Intervention (X-SBI) on Substance Misuse and Related Outcomes in Correctional Settings.
IF 1.9 Q3 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1177/02537176241313210
Abhishek Ghosh, Renjith R Pillai, Jatina Vij, Pallab K Maulik, Nisha Bhanker, Urvashi Thakur, Ritu Rani, Debasish Basu

Background: Screening and brief intervention (SBI), effective in community health care, show inconsistent results in correctional settings (CS). We hypothesized that SBI needs adaptation for the incarcerated population. The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of extended SBI (X-SBI) for substance misuse in CS.

Methods: A controlled trial was conducted in two federal CSs in India. X-SBI included coping skills training, risk behavior counseling, and acceptance-based stigma reduction, while the control group received screening, advice, and brief psychoeducation. Both groups received three sessions with 188 participants each, with a "moderate risk" of SUD. Measurements included the Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST), Timeline Follow-up for drug and alcohol use frequency, Overdose Risk Information, HIV risk-taking behavior scales, Self-reporting questionnaire, and Internalized Stigma of Substance Abuse scale. Follow-ups were done at three- and six months post-intervention.

Results: All participants were men. No initial differences in ASSIST scores or substance use frequencies were noted. ASSIST scores for all substances were significantly reduced at follow-ups. X-SBI showed better outcomes in reducing ASSIST scores for primary substances and illicit drugs, with small effect sizes (η2 = .06-.10). Reductions in drug and alcohol use were noted in both groups, with X-SBI showing a greater decrease in illicit drug use at six months. X-SBI had higher transition rates to the "action" stage of motivation and significant declines in overdose and HIV risk behaviors, mental distress, and stigma scores.

Conclusion: Integrating three-session X-SBI into CS may effectively address substance misuse.

Trial registration: Clinical Trial Registry, India (Reference No. CTRI/2022/01/0391XX).

{"title":"Effectiveness of Extended Screening and Brief Intervention (X-SBI) on Substance Misuse and Related Outcomes in Correctional Settings.","authors":"Abhishek Ghosh, Renjith R Pillai, Jatina Vij, Pallab K Maulik, Nisha Bhanker, Urvashi Thakur, Ritu Rani, Debasish Basu","doi":"10.1177/02537176241313210","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176241313210","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Screening and brief intervention (SBI), effective in community health care, show inconsistent results in correctional settings (CS). We hypothesized that SBI needs adaptation for the incarcerated population. The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of extended SBI (X-SBI) for substance misuse in CS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A controlled trial was conducted in two federal CSs in India. X-SBI included coping skills training, risk behavior counseling, and acceptance-based stigma reduction, while the control group received screening, advice, and brief psychoeducation. Both groups received three sessions with 188 participants each, with a \"moderate risk\" of SUD. Measurements included the Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST), Timeline Follow-up for drug and alcohol use frequency, Overdose Risk Information, HIV risk-taking behavior scales, Self-reporting questionnaire, and Internalized Stigma of Substance Abuse scale. Follow-ups were done at three- and six months post-intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All participants were men. No initial differences in ASSIST scores or substance use frequencies were noted. ASSIST scores for all substances were significantly reduced at follow-ups. X-SBI showed better outcomes in reducing ASSIST scores for primary substances and illicit drugs, with small effect sizes (η<sup>2</sup> = .06-.10). Reductions in drug and alcohol use were noted in both groups, with X-SBI showing a greater decrease in illicit drug use at six months. X-SBI had higher transition rates to the \"action\" stage of motivation and significant declines in overdose and HIV risk behaviors, mental distress, and stigma scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Integrating three-session X-SBI into CS may effectively address substance misuse.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Clinical Trial Registry, India (Reference No. CTRI/2022/01/0391XX).</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176241313210"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11790474/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143255512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Factors Influencing Help-seeking Behavior for Mental Health Among Distressed Young Adults: A Path Analysis Model.
IF 1.9 Q3 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1177/02537176241312975
Prachi Sanghvi, Priyesh Chandrashekhar, Seema Mehrotra, Manoj Kumar Sharma

Background: There seems to be a relationship between barriers of distress-perception and stigma to consult a mental health professional (MHP), help-seeking inclination from MHP, help negation, and encouragement from significant others (SO) to consult MHP in bringing about a change in help-seeking behavior. However, these have not been studied in tandem. This study aimed to explore the relationship between factors influencing help-seeking behavior among distressed, non-treatment-seeking young adults (D-NTS) for common mental health concerns following the ReachOut intervention.

Methods: A total of 109 D-NTS aged 20-35 engaged with ReachOut were recruited online using purposive and snowball sampling. ReachOut was aimed at enhancing professional help-seeking. Participants were assessed at baseline and one month post-intervention for help-seeking barriers, inclination, and encouragement from SO. Help-seeking behavior from MHP was evaluated at a two-month follow-up. Inferential statistics in the form of Spearman's rho correlation, logistic regression, and path analysis were computed.

Results: Regression analysis revealed a significant model (χ2 = 34.53, P < .001) with an R2 value of 0.52. Help-seeking inclination from MHP (B = 0.711, P = .037), help negation (B = -0.452, P = .039), and encouragement from SO to consult MHP (B = 1.942, P = .008) at post-assessment were significant predictors of help-seeking behavior, assessed at follow-up. The SEM hypothesized for path analysis with help-seeking behavior as the outcome was a good fit.

Conclusion: Help-seeking decisions are complex processes influenced by an intricate interplay of internal and external factors. A comprehensive examination of these elements simultaneously provides valuable insights for tailoring interventions and strategies aimed at enhancing help-seeking behavior in D-NTS young adults.

Trial registration: The intervention trial was registered in the ISRCTN registry (ISRCTN14504454).

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引用次数: 0
Domain-Specific Memory Impairments in Bipolar Mania: Insights from a Tertiary Care Hospital.
IF 1.9 Q3 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1177/02537176241312646
Mohit Kumar, Sanjay Kumar, Khusboo, Masood Maqbool, Vinit Kumar Singh, Amit Kumar Soni

Background: Cognitive deficits in bipolar affective disorder (BPAD), particularly during manic episodes, are well-documented. However, research on domain-specific memory impairments in bipolar mania is limited, especially in the Indian subcontinent. This study aimed to assess memory impairments in individuals with bipolar disorder using the Postgraduate Institute Memory (PGI-Memory) scale and to highlight domain-specific deficits compared to healthy controls.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care center in North India. Twenty subjects diagnosed with bipolar mania and 20 age, sex, and education-matched healthy controls between the ages of 18 and 40 were recruited. Memory functions were assessed using the PGI-Memory scale. Mental control and working memory were also evaluated.

Results: Both groups were matched in terms of age, sex, and education. Individuals with bipolar disorder demonstrated significant deficits in various memory domains, including immediate (d = 1.47), recent (d = 0.93), remote (d = 1.58), long-term (d = 2.37), and associative memory (similar pairs: d = 1.4, dissimilar pairs: d = 1.84,), as well as in visual reproduction (d = 2.3) and recognition tasks (d = 1.54). In contrast, their working memory performance was comparable to that of the control group. The largest deficits were observed in long-term memory, visual reproduction, and associative memory.

Conclusions: Bipolar mania is associated with widespread memory impairments, particularly in long-term and associative memory, which may contribute to difficulties in emotional regulation and daily functioning. These findings emphasize the importance of considering memory impairments in the diagnosis and management of BPAD. Further studies are required to investigate the neurobiological foundations of these impairments and to develop specific interventions.

{"title":"Domain-Specific Memory Impairments in Bipolar Mania: Insights from a Tertiary Care Hospital.","authors":"Mohit Kumar, Sanjay Kumar, Khusboo, Masood Maqbool, Vinit Kumar Singh, Amit Kumar Soni","doi":"10.1177/02537176241312646","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176241312646","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cognitive deficits in bipolar affective disorder (BPAD), particularly during manic episodes, are well-documented. However, research on domain-specific memory impairments in bipolar mania is limited, especially in the Indian subcontinent. This study aimed to assess memory impairments in individuals with bipolar disorder using the Postgraduate Institute Memory (PGI-Memory) scale and to highlight domain-specific deficits compared to healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care center in North India. Twenty subjects diagnosed with bipolar mania and 20 age, sex, and education-matched healthy controls between the ages of 18 and 40 were recruited. Memory functions were assessed using the PGI-Memory scale. Mental control and working memory were also evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both groups were matched in terms of age, sex, and education. Individuals with bipolar disorder demonstrated significant deficits in various memory domains, including immediate (<i>d</i> = 1.47), recent (<i>d</i> = 0.93), remote (<i>d</i> = 1.58), long-term (<i>d</i> = 2.37), and associative memory (similar pairs: <i>d</i> = 1.4, dissimilar pairs: <i>d</i> = 1.84,), as well as in visual reproduction (<i>d</i> = 2.3) and recognition tasks (<i>d</i> = 1.54). In contrast, their working memory performance was comparable to that of the control group. The largest deficits were observed in long-term memory, visual reproduction, and associative memory.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Bipolar mania is associated with widespread memory impairments, particularly in long-term and associative memory, which may contribute to difficulties in emotional regulation and daily functioning. These findings emphasize the importance of considering memory impairments in the diagnosis and management of BPAD. Further studies are required to investigate the neurobiological foundations of these impairments and to develop specific interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176241312646"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11783417/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143079665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effectiveness of Nurse-led Brief Intervention to Reduce the Risky Use of Alcohol and Tobacco Use Among Older Adults: Results of a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial from India.
IF 1.9 Q3 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.1177/02537176241312264
Neeraj Mahendia, Jaison Joseph, Sidharth Arya, Rajeshwari Devi

Background: India has witnessed a gradual increase in substance use among the elderly, driven by the country's aging population and evolving demographic trends. There remains a lack of scientific foundation regarding the efficacy of brief intervention among older adults in the context of low- and middle-income countries. The current study explored the effectiveness of nurse-led brief intervention to reduce risky substance use patterns among the elderly in the Indian context.

Methods: The present study is a pilot randomized trial with assessments conducted before and after the intervention at 4-week intervals. The Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) was used to detect changes in risky substance use, and the intervention was based on the ASSIST Brief Intervention Protocol. The study setting was a government-funded elderly citizen club, which was conveniently selected.

Results: Out of the 80 contacted participants, 60 subjects were enrolled, evenly divided between intervention and control groups. The mean age of the sample was 69.80 years (SD = 4.2). Although there was some difference in post-follow-up scores, we did not observe a significant benefit for the brief intervention in reducing risky substance use among the elderly in this setting (P > .05).

Conclusion: The study demonstrated a reduction in risky substance use patterns among the elderly population in both the intervention and control groups. Future trials should adopt rigorous methodological approaches to provide robust clinical evidence for implementing similar interventions aimed at enhancing the well-being of elderly individuals in this setting.

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引用次数: 0
Early Psychiatry Exposure: Shaping Student Perspectives and Career Interests.
IF 1.9 Q3 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.1177/02537176241312403
Abhishet Varama
{"title":"Early Psychiatry Exposure: Shaping Student Perspectives and Career Interests.","authors":"Abhishet Varama","doi":"10.1177/02537176241312403","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176241312403","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176241312403"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11775927/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143065272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Enhancing Psychotherapy Research: The Critical Need for Detailed Reporting of Intervention Protocols.
IF 1.9 Q3 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.1177/02537176241313127
Rebecca Suganthi Davidar, Divya Ballal
{"title":"Enhancing Psychotherapy Research: The Critical Need for Detailed Reporting of Intervention Protocols.","authors":"Rebecca Suganthi Davidar, Divya Ballal","doi":"10.1177/02537176241313127","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176241313127","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176241313127"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11776034/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143065234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Cross-sectional Study of the Length of Stay of Persons with Mental Illnesses and Revenue to a Government Tertiary Neuropsychiatric Hospital Under Ayushman Bharat.
IF 1.9 Q3 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2025-01-25 DOI: 10.1177/02537176241301092
Deepa Ps, Hareesh Angothu, Sivakumar Thanapal, Krishna Prasad M

Background: Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY) is a health insurance scheme launched by the Government of India (GOI) in 2018 to cover the in-patient (IP) treatment expenditures, including mental illness treatment expenditures, for 500 million Indians. AB-PMJAY pays 100% of treatment expenditures for persons below the poverty line (BPL) and 30% for people above the poverty line (APL). Ayushman Bharat Arogya Karnataka (ABAK) trust implements this scheme in Karnataka, a southern Indian state.

Methods: Data of persons with mental illness (PMI) admitted under AB-PMJAY at a tertiary care neuropsychiatric hospital between 2018 and 2021 was analyzed to understand the socio-demographic and clinical variables, the average length of stay (LOS), and the amount claimed by the hospital.

Results: Median LOS for PMI with any clinical diagnoses was 18 days (range 2-145),14 for those with substance use or mood disorders, and 24 days for those with schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. The hospital claimed an amount of Indian Rupees (INR) 15,291,349 for treating 868 PMI under AB-PMJAY.

Conclusions: The minimum and maximum LOS varied 70-fold, and there was a significant difference between different PMIs based on their clinical diagnosis. ABAK paid ₹3,488-12,750 per PMI for their treatment. Further research is needed to determine the variables influencing the LOS and the cost to the implementing agency.

{"title":"A Cross-sectional Study of the Length of Stay of Persons with Mental Illnesses and Revenue to a Government Tertiary Neuropsychiatric Hospital Under Ayushman Bharat.","authors":"Deepa Ps, Hareesh Angothu, Sivakumar Thanapal, Krishna Prasad M","doi":"10.1177/02537176241301092","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176241301092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY) is a health insurance scheme launched by the Government of India (GOI) in 2018 to cover the in-patient (IP) treatment expenditures, including mental illness treatment expenditures, for 500 million Indians. AB-PMJAY pays 100% of treatment expenditures for persons below the poverty line (BPL) and 30% for people above the poverty line (APL). Ayushman Bharat Arogya Karnataka (ABAK) trust implements this scheme in Karnataka, a southern Indian state.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data of persons with mental illness (PMI) admitted under AB-PMJAY at a tertiary care neuropsychiatric hospital between 2018 and 2021 was analyzed to understand the socio-demographic and clinical variables, the average length of stay (LOS), and the amount claimed by the hospital.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Median LOS for PMI with any clinical diagnoses was 18 days (range 2-145),14 for those with substance use or mood disorders, and 24 days for those with schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. The hospital claimed an amount of Indian Rupees (INR) 15,291,349 for treating 868 PMI under AB-PMJAY.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The minimum and maximum LOS varied 70-fold, and there was a significant difference between different PMIs based on their clinical diagnosis. ABAK paid ₹3,488-12,750 per PMI for their treatment. Further research is needed to determine the variables influencing the LOS and the cost to the implementing agency.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176241301092"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11765301/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143052488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine
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