Pub Date : 2022-10-31DOI: 10.20886/ijfr.2022.9.2.215-237
M. Gurusamy, V. Subramanian, R. Raju
The floristic study is necessary to understand the present diversity status and conservation of forest biodiversity. It has been realized that the study of local or regional flora is of much more significance than those covering big areas because explorations can be carried out intensively in small areas with damaging consequences. Understanding species diversity and distribution patterns are important to evaluate the complexity and resources of these forests. In the present study, the medicinal floristic diversity of Pilavakkal dam Foothills of the Western Ghats comprised of 127 species belonging to 42 families and 100 genera. Fabaceae, Malvaceae and Lamiaceae were dominant families with 23, 11 and 10 species, respectively. The total number of species includes 55 herbs, 23 shrubs, 37 trees and 12 climbers. Totally 127 important medicinal plant species are recorded in Pilavakkal dam Foot Slopes of Western Ghats. Psydrax dicoccos is vulnerable in this list, 27 plants species are Least Concern and Mangifera indica comes under the Data Deficient and 98 plants species evaluated are not categorized by IUCN. This study provides basic information about the medicinal flora and conservation status of the Pilavakkal dam Foothills of Western Ghats. It would also be helpful for the identification of flora and to derive conservation policies and make sustainable use of plant resources.
{"title":"DIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION STATUS OF FLORA IN PILAVAKKAL DAM FOOTHILLS OF WESTERN GHATS, TAMIL NADU, INDIA","authors":"M. Gurusamy, V. Subramanian, R. Raju","doi":"10.20886/ijfr.2022.9.2.215-237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20886/ijfr.2022.9.2.215-237","url":null,"abstract":"The floristic study is necessary to understand the present diversity status and conservation of forest biodiversity. It has been realized that the study of local or regional flora is of much more significance than those covering big areas because explorations can be carried out intensively in small areas with damaging consequences. Understanding species diversity and distribution patterns are important to evaluate the complexity and resources of these forests. In the present study, the medicinal floristic diversity of Pilavakkal dam Foothills of the Western Ghats comprised of 127 species belonging to 42 families and 100 genera. Fabaceae, Malvaceae and Lamiaceae were dominant families with 23, 11 and 10 species, respectively. The total number of species includes 55 herbs, 23 shrubs, 37 trees and 12 climbers. Totally 127 important medicinal plant species are recorded in Pilavakkal dam Foot Slopes of Western Ghats. Psydrax dicoccos is vulnerable in this list, 27 plants species are Least Concern and Mangifera indica comes under the Data Deficient and 98 plants species evaluated are not categorized by IUCN. This study provides basic information about the medicinal flora and conservation status of the Pilavakkal dam Foothills of Western Ghats. It would also be helpful for the identification of flora and to derive conservation policies and make sustainable use of plant resources.","PeriodicalId":13482,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42510391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-31DOI: 10.20886/ijfr.2022.9.2.147-163
V. S. Sihombing, E. Karlina, R. Garsetiasih, A. Rianti, R. Sawitri
Currently, ecotourism has become an important industry because of its rapid development. Many tourism practices have adverse environmental impacts. Due to the increasingly destructive commercialization of the natural resources on which we depend, there are several negative impacts. Aek Nauli Research Forest (ANRF), with an area of 1,900 hectares, is one of the natural tourist destinations around the Lake Toba Tourism area managed by the Aek Nauli Research Institute for Environmental and Forestry Development (BP2LHK). The location of the study is in Girsang District, Sipangan Bolon, Simalungun Regency, North Sumatera Province. The tourist objects are natural panorama, elephant conservation education tour, and siamang animal ape park. On average, the number of visitors of ANRF on regular days is 100-300 visitors/day and on holidays reaches 300-1,700 visitors/day. The increase in the number of visitors is perceived to have an impact on environmental sustainability. This study aims to determine the capacity of the ANRF ecotourism area to accommodate the number of tourists per day simultaneously. The method used is the effective carrying capacity by Cifuentes method based on several stages of analysis, namely Physical Capacity (PCC), Real Capacity (RCC), Management Capacity (MC), and Effective Capacity (ECC). The environmental carrying capacity analysis results showed that the PCC, RCC, ECC were 26,106 visitors/day, 3,007 visitors/day, 2,505 visitors/day respectively while MC was 0.83. This value can be used to advise managers to limit visitors, particularly during peak season, in order to preserve objects and the quality of visits.
{"title":"ENVIRONMENT CARRYING CAPACITY OF ECOTOURISM IN AEK NAULI RESEARCH FOREST, SIMALUNGUN REGENCY, NORTH SUMATERA","authors":"V. S. Sihombing, E. Karlina, R. Garsetiasih, A. Rianti, R. Sawitri","doi":"10.20886/ijfr.2022.9.2.147-163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20886/ijfr.2022.9.2.147-163","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, ecotourism has become an important industry because of its rapid development. Many tourism practices have adverse environmental impacts. Due to the increasingly destructive commercialization of the natural resources on which we depend, there are several negative impacts. Aek Nauli Research Forest (ANRF), with an area of 1,900 hectares, is one of the natural tourist destinations around the Lake Toba Tourism area managed by the Aek Nauli Research Institute for Environmental and Forestry Development (BP2LHK). The location of the study is in Girsang District, Sipangan Bolon, Simalungun Regency, North Sumatera Province. The tourist objects are natural panorama, elephant conservation education tour, and siamang animal ape park. On average, the number of visitors of ANRF on regular days is 100-300 visitors/day and on holidays reaches 300-1,700 visitors/day. The increase in the number of visitors is perceived to have an impact on environmental sustainability. This study aims to determine the capacity of the ANRF ecotourism area to accommodate the number of tourists per day simultaneously. The method used is the effective carrying capacity by Cifuentes method based on several stages of analysis, namely Physical Capacity (PCC), Real Capacity (RCC), Management Capacity (MC), and Effective Capacity (ECC). The environmental carrying capacity analysis results showed that the PCC, RCC, ECC were 26,106 visitors/day, 3,007 visitors/day, 2,505 visitors/day respectively while MC was 0.83. This value can be used to advise managers to limit visitors, particularly during peak season, in order to preserve objects and the quality of visits.","PeriodicalId":13482,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44383130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-31DOI: 10.20886/ijfr.2022.9.2.265-276
Rosmaeni Rosmaeni, D. Malamassam, H. Zubair, Mursyid Mursyid
Forests have an important role in controlling soil erosion. Pine stands are considered effective in controlling erosion due to high interception and thick litter. This study compares the level of erosion on land with a slope > 40% to land with a slope <40%, as one of the references used in reviewing standards for determining the slope of a protected forest area. The study was conducted from November 2016 to February 2017, under Pinus merkusii stand in the Education Forest of Hasanuddin University in Maros Regency. Erosion was measured in a land of 22 m x 4 m having long slopes > 40% and < 40% with 3 replicates. Surface runoff was measured during rain and suspension levels was determined based on a dry oven heated at 105°C. Actual erosion (gr) is calculated by multiplying total runoff volume (m3/plot) by suspension level (gr/m3). The results show the average erosion on the slopes >40% was 54.94 g/plot or 0.006 tons/ha while on the slopes <40% was 36.74 g/plot or 0.004 tons/ha. The average difference of the two test results, with a 95% confidence interval, shows differences in the erosion average on the slopes> 40% and <40%. However, when there is an increase in the percentage of canopy cover the erosion becomes smaller even on the slopes > 40%. This research can be used as a reference for considering the increase in the upper limit of the slope of the protected forest area, and the need for further evaluation on the existing upper limit value.
森林在控制水土流失方面具有重要作用。由于截留量大、凋落物厚，松林被认为能有效控制侵蚀。本研究通过3个重复，比较坡度为bbb40 %的土地与坡度为40%和< 40%的土地的侵蚀程度。在下雨时测量地表径流，并根据105°C加热的干燥烤箱确定悬浮水平。实际侵蚀(gr)是通过总径流量(m3/地块)乘以悬浮水平(gr/m3)来计算的。结果表明:40 ~ 40%坡面平均侵蚀量为54.94 g/plot (0.006 t /ha)， 40 ~ 40%坡面和40 ~ 40%坡面平均侵蚀量为0.006 t /ha。本研究可为考虑保护区坡度上限的增加，以及对现有上限值进行进一步评价的必要性提供参考。
{"title":"SOIL EROSION OVER DIFFERENT SLOPES UNDER PINE STANDS","authors":"Rosmaeni Rosmaeni, D. Malamassam, H. Zubair, Mursyid Mursyid","doi":"10.20886/ijfr.2022.9.2.265-276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20886/ijfr.2022.9.2.265-276","url":null,"abstract":"Forests have an important role in controlling soil erosion. Pine stands are considered effective in controlling erosion due to high interception and thick litter. This study compares the level of erosion on land with a slope > 40% to land with a slope <40%, as one of the references used in reviewing standards for determining the slope of a protected forest area. The study was conducted from November 2016 to February 2017, under Pinus merkusii stand in the Education Forest of Hasanuddin University in Maros Regency. Erosion was measured in a land of 22 m x 4 m having long slopes > 40% and < 40% with 3 replicates. Surface runoff was measured during rain and suspension levels was determined based on a dry oven heated at 105°C. Actual erosion (gr) is calculated by multiplying total runoff volume (m3/plot) by suspension level (gr/m3). The results show the average erosion on the slopes >40% was 54.94 g/plot or 0.006 tons/ha while on the slopes <40% was 36.74 g/plot or 0.004 tons/ha. The average difference of the two test results, with a 95% confidence interval, shows differences in the erosion average on the slopes> 40% and <40%. However, when there is an increase in the percentage of canopy cover the erosion becomes smaller even on the slopes > 40%. This research can be used as a reference for considering the increase in the upper limit of the slope of the protected forest area, and the need for further evaluation on the existing upper limit value.","PeriodicalId":13482,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47206490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-31DOI: 10.20886/ijfr.2022.9.2.135-146
N. A. Sadiku, Christiana M. Micheal
To find a lasting solution to the problem of suitable fibre for pulp and papermaking in Nigeria, fibre suitability indices of nineteen wood species native to the rainforest zone of Nigeria were evaluated. Matured stems of the species were sourced and prepared for maceration. The fibre characteristics of the wood were carried out following ASTM D-1030-95 and ASTM D-1413-61. The fibres obtained were observed with the aid of a microscope and measurements of their morphology were done. A minimum of 25 fibres were measured for each species for accuracy. Selected morphological indices such as Runkel Ratio (RR), Flexibility Coefficient (FC), Slenderness Ratio (SR) as well as Rigidity Coefficient (RC) of the wood fibres were estimated. The results showed that the fibres lenght fall under short (1.05–1.36), medium-long (1.52–1.75), and long (2.0 mm) fibres criteria. All derived morphological indices showed significant variations from species to species. All fibres are not rigid and exhibited good SR with moderate rigidity and good felting power. They were all elastic; R. heudolotii and P. macrocarpa exhibited high elastic nature. They all have FC ≥ 50 and pass the RR ≤ 1, acceptable value for paper-making fibre except P. biglobosa and M. excelsa. The flexibility coefficients are in the range of 0.50 and 0.81. All the species pass the SR > 33 acceptable value for paper-making fibres. The species if harnessed as fibre blends in pulp and paper making furnish will help to solve the problem of inadequate long fibres for paper production in Nigerian pulp mills.
为了找到解决尼日利亚纸浆和造纸纤维适宜性问题的持久解决方案，对尼日利亚热带雨林原产的19种木材的纤维适宜性指数进行了评价。该物种的成熟茎被采购并准备浸泡。木材的纤维特性按照ASTM D-1030-95和ASTM D-1413-61进行。用显微镜观察得到的纤维，并对其形态进行了测量。为确保准确性，每个物种至少测量了25根纤维。选取了几种形态学指标，如Runkel Ratio (RR)、柔度系数(FC)、长细比(SR)和刚度系数(RC)。结果表明，纤维长度分别为短(1.05-1.36)、中长(1.52-1.75)和长(2.0 mm)。所有的形态指标在种与种之间都有显著的差异。所有纤维均不具有刚性，具有良好的SR，刚性适中，手感良好。它们都是有弹性的;河豚和大河豚表现出较高的弹性。它们的FC≥50，并通过了RR≤1(造纸纤维可接受值)。柔性系数在0.50 ~ 0.81之间。所有品种都通过了SR bbbb33造纸纤维的可接受值。如果利用该物种作为纸浆和造纸原料的纤维混合物，将有助于解决尼日利亚纸浆厂造纸用长纤维不足的问题。
{"title":"FIBRE SOURCING FOR THE NIGERIAN PULP MILLS: EVALUATION OF SUITABILITY INDICES OF SELECTED NIGERIAN RAINFOREST WOOD FIBRES","authors":"N. A. Sadiku, Christiana M. Micheal","doi":"10.20886/ijfr.2022.9.2.135-146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20886/ijfr.2022.9.2.135-146","url":null,"abstract":"To find a lasting solution to the problem of suitable fibre for pulp and papermaking in Nigeria, fibre suitability indices of nineteen wood species native to the rainforest zone of Nigeria were evaluated. Matured stems of the species were sourced and prepared for maceration. The fibre characteristics of the wood were carried out following ASTM D-1030-95 and ASTM D-1413-61. The fibres obtained were observed with the aid of a microscope and measurements of their morphology were done. A minimum of 25 fibres were measured for each species for accuracy. Selected morphological indices such as Runkel Ratio (RR), Flexibility Coefficient (FC), Slenderness Ratio (SR) as well as Rigidity Coefficient (RC) of the wood fibres were estimated. The results showed that the fibres lenght fall under short (1.05–1.36), medium-long (1.52–1.75), and long (2.0 mm) fibres criteria. All derived morphological indices showed significant variations from species to species. All fibres are not rigid and exhibited good SR with moderate rigidity and good felting power. They were all elastic; R. heudolotii and P. macrocarpa exhibited high elastic nature. They all have FC ≥ 50 and pass the RR ≤ 1, acceptable value for paper-making fibre except P. biglobosa and M. excelsa. The flexibility coefficients are in the range of 0.50 and 0.81. All the species pass the SR > 33 acceptable value for paper-making fibres. The species if harnessed as fibre blends in pulp and paper making furnish will help to solve the problem of inadequate long fibres for paper production in Nigerian pulp mills.","PeriodicalId":13482,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45646873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-31DOI: 10.20886/ijfr.2022.9.2.197-214
Afni Zukifli
The coronavirus outbreak (COVID-19) has raised questions about changes in subsequent environmental effects, mainly forest and land fires. This paper evaluates the implementation of land and forest fire management policies in Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in 2020. A qualitative approach was conducted in policy implementation analysis based on George Edward III's theory by looking at bureaucratic structure, resources, communication, and disposition factors. The research focused on the operational work of the Forest and Land Fire Brigade, known as Manggala Agni, in Indonesia. The results showed that the collaborative work of Manggala Agni and the other forest and land fire task forces successfully reduced the hotspots; hence there was a significant decrease in the burned area. It is also inseparable from climatic factors. During this period there was no haze disaster although the task of controlling forest and land fires still encountered several obstacles during the pandemic. This is because of training, technology transfer, budget support, and synergy between stakeholders and Manggala Agni’s team members, so a significant reduction in forest and land fires during 2020 can be achieved.
{"title":"THE IMPLEMENTATION OF FOREST AND LAND FIRE MANAGEMENT POLICY IN INDONESIA DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC","authors":"Afni Zukifli","doi":"10.20886/ijfr.2022.9.2.197-214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20886/ijfr.2022.9.2.197-214","url":null,"abstract":"The coronavirus outbreak (COVID-19) has raised questions about changes in subsequent environmental effects, mainly forest and land fires. This paper evaluates the implementation of land and forest fire management policies in Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in 2020. A qualitative approach was conducted in policy implementation analysis based on George Edward III's theory by looking at bureaucratic structure, resources, communication, and disposition factors. The research focused on the operational work of the Forest and Land Fire Brigade, known as Manggala Agni, in Indonesia. The results showed that the collaborative work of Manggala Agni and the other forest and land fire task forces successfully reduced the hotspots; hence there was a significant decrease in the burned area. It is also inseparable from climatic factors. During this period there was no haze disaster although the task of controlling forest and land fires still encountered several obstacles during the pandemic. This is because of training, technology transfer, budget support, and synergy between stakeholders and Manggala Agni’s team members, so a significant reduction in forest and land fires during 2020 can be achieved.","PeriodicalId":13482,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47412177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-31DOI: 10.20886/ijfr.2022.9.2.185-195
A. Santoso, I. M. Sulastiningsih, A. Abdurachman, R. Pari
Rattan in Indonesia is traditionally utilized for furniture, binding materials, household appliances, and handicraft items. Small diameter rattans are commonly used by craftsmen, while large diameter rattans are not optimally utilized. Large diameter rattan, however, has potential to be developed into rattan laminated board (RLB) by gluing rattan strips using appropriate adhesive. Nevertheless, the information of the suitable natural adhesive for RLB production is still limited. Laboratory scale of RLBs with the dimensions of 60 cm x 7.5 cm x 1.5 cm were manufactured using batang rattan strips (Calamus zollingeri Becc.). The strips were glued with six types of adhesives (4 types of natural adhesives and 2 types of commercial synthetic adhesives) and three glue spread rates of (100, 150, and 200 g/m2) were used. The study objective was to determine the effect of rattan pre-treatments, adhesive types and glue spread rates on the bonding quality and formaldehyde emission of RLBs. The results showed that batang rattan can be processed into RLBs by using natural adhesives originating from wood bark extract (mangium, mahogany), merbau wood powder, as well as commercial synthetic adhesives such as isocyanate and polyurethane. The appropriate pre-treatment in producing RLBs for interior furniture was by applying oil heat treatment with kerosene solution (80 kerosene : 20 water) and glued with tannin adhesive of mangium bark extract with glue spread of 200 g/m2. Similarly, rattan strips treated with heated oil (80 kerosene : 20 water) and glued with polyurethane adhesive (glue spread of 200 g/m2) produced excellent RLBs for exterior furniture.
藤条在印度尼西亚传统上用于家具、装订材料、家用电器和手工艺品。工匠通常使用小直径藤条，而大直径藤条则没有得到最佳利用。然而，通过使用适当的粘合剂粘合藤条，大直径藤有可能发展成为藤层压板（RLB）。然而，用于RLB生产的合适的天然粘合剂的信息仍然有限。使用巴当藤条（Calamus zollingeri Becc.）制造了尺寸为60cm x 7.5cm x 1.5cm的实验室规模的RLB。用六种类型的粘合剂（4种天然粘合剂和2种商用合成粘合剂）粘合藤条，并使用三种胶水涂布率（100、150和200g/m2）。研究目的是确定藤条预处理、粘合剂类型和胶水涂布率对RLBs粘合质量和甲醛释放的影响。结果表明，使用源自树皮提取物（芒果、桃花心木）、紫珠木粉的天然粘合剂，以及异氰酸酯和聚氨酯等商业合成粘合剂，可以将巴塘藤加工成RLBs。生产用于室内家具的RLB的适当预处理是通过用煤油溶液（80煤油：20水）进行油热处理，并用芒果皮提取物的单宁粘合剂以200g/m2的胶涂进行粘合。同样，用热油（80煤油：20水）处理并用聚氨酯粘合剂粘合的藤条（胶水铺展为200 g/m2）产生了用于外部家具的优异RLB。
{"title":"COMPATIBILITY OF SOME ADHESIVES WITH BATANG RATTAN (Calamus zollingeri Becc.) AS RAW MATERIAL OF RATTAN LAMINATED BOARD","authors":"A. Santoso, I. M. Sulastiningsih, A. Abdurachman, R. Pari","doi":"10.20886/ijfr.2022.9.2.185-195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20886/ijfr.2022.9.2.185-195","url":null,"abstract":"Rattan in Indonesia is traditionally utilized for furniture, binding materials, household appliances, and handicraft items. Small diameter rattans are commonly used by craftsmen, while large diameter rattans are not optimally utilized. Large diameter rattan, however, has potential to be developed into rattan laminated board (RLB) by gluing rattan strips using appropriate adhesive. Nevertheless, the information of the suitable natural adhesive for RLB production is still limited. Laboratory scale of RLBs with the dimensions of 60 cm x 7.5 cm x 1.5 cm were manufactured using batang rattan strips (Calamus zollingeri Becc.). The strips were glued with six types of adhesives (4 types of natural adhesives and 2 types of commercial synthetic adhesives) and three glue spread rates of (100, 150, and 200 g/m2) were used. The study objective was to determine the effect of rattan pre-treatments, adhesive types and glue spread rates on the bonding quality and formaldehyde emission of RLBs. The results showed that batang rattan can be processed into RLBs by using natural adhesives originating from wood bark extract (mangium, mahogany), merbau wood powder, as well as commercial synthetic adhesives such as isocyanate and polyurethane. The appropriate pre-treatment in producing RLBs for interior furniture was by applying oil heat treatment with kerosene solution (80 kerosene : 20 water) and glued with tannin adhesive of mangium bark extract with glue spread of 200 g/m2. Similarly, rattan strips treated with heated oil (80 kerosene : 20 water) and glued with polyurethane adhesive (glue spread of 200 g/m2) produced excellent RLBs for exterior furniture.","PeriodicalId":13482,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49377252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-31DOI: 10.20886/ijfr.2022.9.2.239-249
M. Balasubramanian
Goods and services of the ecosystem provided by the natural environment have not been considered in terms of their economic value. There are a number of studies that have estimated the economic value of forest ecosystem services in India, but very few studies have estimated these economic values of other important ecosystem services. Biligiri Rangaswamy Temple Wildlife Sanctuary (BRTWLS) is a unique place as a bridge between the Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats in Karnataka, India. There are 12,500 Soligas (tribal community) living in this area. Non-timber forest products constitute more than 60% of the Soliga household income. A number of studies have been conducted in the BRTWLS. However, there is a lack of studies on the economic value. The primary objective of this study is to estimate the value of ecosystem services provided by BRTWLS. This study has used the market price methods for estimating the value of provisioning services and individual travel cost method for estimating the value of recreation services, while the value of carbon sequestration and soil erosion prevention has been estimated based on secondary data. This study has estimated the total annual value of provisioning, regulating and cultural services of BRTWLS at Rs 23.9 million y-1. The findings of the study will be helpful to the local policy makers to increase the entry fee at the BRTWLS, as it provides valuable ecosystem services and reinvests the same in natural capital to achieve environmental sustainability at the local level.
{"title":"ECONOMIC VALUE OF WILDLIFE SANCTUARY: A CASE STUDY FROM THE WESTERN GHATS IN KARNATAKA, INDIA","authors":"M. Balasubramanian","doi":"10.20886/ijfr.2022.9.2.239-249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20886/ijfr.2022.9.2.239-249","url":null,"abstract":"Goods and services of the ecosystem provided by the natural environment have not been considered in terms of their economic value. There are a number of studies that have estimated the economic value of forest ecosystem services in India, but very few studies have estimated these economic values of other important ecosystem services. Biligiri Rangaswamy Temple Wildlife Sanctuary (BRTWLS) is a unique place as a bridge between the Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats in Karnataka, India. There are 12,500 Soligas (tribal community) living in this area. Non-timber forest products constitute more than 60% of the Soliga household income. A number of studies have been conducted in the BRTWLS. However, there is a lack of studies on the economic value. The primary objective of this study is to estimate the value of ecosystem services provided by BRTWLS. This study has used the market price methods for estimating the value of provisioning services and individual travel cost method for estimating the value of recreation services, while the value of carbon sequestration and soil erosion prevention has been estimated based on secondary data. This study has estimated the total annual value of provisioning, regulating and cultural services of BRTWLS at Rs 23.9 million y-1. The findings of the study will be helpful to the local policy makers to increase the entry fee at the BRTWLS, as it provides valuable ecosystem services and reinvests the same in natural capital to achieve environmental sustainability at the local level.","PeriodicalId":13482,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47505178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-31DOI: 10.20886/ijfr.2022.9.2.251-263
S. Sahara, Wildan Nur Arrasyiid Sane Pratinda, D. Djaenudin
Indonesia has abundant forest resources, reaching 120 million hectares of forest area. However, the forestry sector's contribution to the national economy continues to decline. The low performance of the forestry sector cannot be separated from the limited availability of round-wood materials for its processing industries and insufficient development of the multi-businesses activities among the forestry companies. Therefore, increasing the forestry sector's productivity is necessary through raising investment. This study investigates the impacts of investment in the forestry sector on Indonesian economic performance, including output, income, employment, and import, using the Input-Output (I-O) Model. The results show that investment in the forestry sector will increase output, income, and labour in the forestry sector and its related sectors. However, with the increase in its output, the demand for inputs, including round-wood materials, will also increase, encouraging a rise in imports. Thus, an increase in investment in the forestry sector needs to be balanced with the availability of roundwood materials and other associated inputs in Indonesia. For the follow-up research, it is important to separate the investment into upstream and downstream activities along the forestry value chain and include a regional aspect in the analysis.
{"title":"THE IMPACTS OF INVESTMENT IN THE FORESTRY SECTOR ON THE INDONESIAN ECONOMY","authors":"S. Sahara, Wildan Nur Arrasyiid Sane Pratinda, D. Djaenudin","doi":"10.20886/ijfr.2022.9.2.251-263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20886/ijfr.2022.9.2.251-263","url":null,"abstract":"Indonesia has abundant forest resources, reaching 120 million hectares of forest area. However, the forestry sector's contribution to the national economy continues to decline. The low performance of the forestry sector cannot be separated from the limited availability of round-wood materials for its processing industries and insufficient development of the multi-businesses activities among the forestry companies. Therefore, increasing the forestry sector's productivity is necessary through raising investment. This study investigates the impacts of investment in the forestry sector on Indonesian economic performance, including output, income, employment, and import, using the Input-Output (I-O) Model. The results show that investment in the forestry sector will increase output, income, and labour in the forestry sector and its related sectors. However, with the increase in its output, the demand for inputs, including round-wood materials, will also increase, encouraging a rise in imports. Thus, an increase in investment in the forestry sector needs to be balanced with the availability of roundwood materials and other associated inputs in Indonesia. For the follow-up research, it is important to separate the investment into upstream and downstream activities along the forestry value chain and include a regional aspect in the analysis.","PeriodicalId":13482,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45027471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-30DOI: 10.20886/ijfr.2022.9.1.121-133
Leemamol Mathew, Gigi K. Joseph, Aleena Elizabeth Cyril
Orthoptera is a diverse arthropod taxon that includes locusts, grouse locusts, short-horned grasshoppers, long-horned grasshoppers, katydids, crickets and mole crickets. They play crucial roles in food chains, nutrient cycling and pollination. The diversity of orthopterans in agroecosystems and grasslands located in the highlands and lowlands of Central Kerala were studied from December 2019 toMarch 2020. The study was conducted in Avoly of Ernakulam District and Venmony of Idukki District in Kerala by employing random sampling in 10 x10 m quadrats. A total of 35 species of orthopterans, belonging to two suborders, 10 families, 20 subfamilies, and 33 genera were recorded. Family Acrididae with fourteen species was the most dominant family followed by Tettigoniidae. Two species namely, Chitaura indica and Burrinia burri are endemic to the state of Kerala. It was found that the ranges of most of the orthopteran genera reported in our study extend all over the South East Asian countries. The highest number of Orthoptera was reported in December in both locations and it decreased towards March. Simpson’s diversity index value shows that both regions harbour a highly diverse orthopteran community. The diversity index value of Venmony is comparatively higher which might be due to the proximity of the study site to the natural forest ecosystem and fewer disturbances. More studies on the orthopteran fauna of Kerala are recommended which would help control their pest status and exploit their economic potential as food in animal husbandry
{"title":"ORTHOPTERAN DIVERSITY IN TROPICAL ECOSYSTEMS OF CENTRAL KERALA, INDIA","authors":"Leemamol Mathew, Gigi K. Joseph, Aleena Elizabeth Cyril","doi":"10.20886/ijfr.2022.9.1.121-133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20886/ijfr.2022.9.1.121-133","url":null,"abstract":"Orthoptera is a diverse arthropod taxon that includes locusts, grouse locusts, short-horned grasshoppers, long-horned grasshoppers, katydids, crickets and mole crickets. They play crucial roles in food chains, nutrient cycling and pollination. The diversity of orthopterans in agroecosystems and grasslands located in the highlands and lowlands of Central Kerala were studied from December 2019 toMarch 2020. The study was conducted in Avoly of Ernakulam District and Venmony of Idukki District in Kerala by employing random sampling in 10 x10 m quadrats. A total of 35 species of orthopterans, belonging to two suborders, 10 families, 20 subfamilies, and 33 genera were recorded. Family Acrididae with fourteen species was the most dominant family followed by Tettigoniidae. Two species namely, Chitaura indica and Burrinia burri are endemic to the state of Kerala. It was found that the ranges of most of the orthopteran genera reported in our study extend all over the South East Asian countries. The highest number of Orthoptera was reported in December in both locations and it decreased towards March. Simpson’s diversity index value shows that both regions harbour a highly diverse orthopteran community. The diversity index value of Venmony is comparatively higher which might be due to the proximity of the study site to the natural forest ecosystem and fewer disturbances. More studies on the orthopteran fauna of Kerala are recommended which would help control their pest status and exploit their economic potential as food in animal husbandry","PeriodicalId":13482,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46467602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-30DOI: 10.20886/ijfr.2022.9.1.9-28
H. Dewi, R. Avenzora, D. Darusman, C. Kusmana
Interpretation subject is a novel approach to observing resources in the interpretation program. Interpretation programs refer to the efforts to develop an individual's ability to deeply interpret the value of nature for humans through meaningful and pleasant experiences, impressions, and feelings to achieve management goals. The viewpoint of interpretation subject considers the intrinsic value of each resource. These polarization studies provide valuable information on critical issues concerning stakeholder perception and their implications for managing interpretations. The purpose of this study is to analyze and evaluate the characteristics of the interpretation subject that stakeholders thought were crucial in Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park management. The survey was done by distributing questionnaires to related stakeholders (tourists, communities, and area managers/tour operators) and evaluated by cluster analysis, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney test. Although the stakeholder considered flora, language, and abiotic components essential in interpretation, tourists' perception tended to focus on abiotic components and the built natural environment. The research showed that abiotic and cultural component-based-ecotourism-programs shall be developed to ensure sustainable management, increase community participation, and introduce the biological wealth in the national park area
口译主体是在口译项目中观察资源的一种新颖方法。口译项目是指通过有意义和愉快的经历、印象和感受，努力培养个人深入解读自然对人类价值的能力，以实现管理目标。解释主体的观点考虑了每种资源的内在价值。这些两极分化研究提供了关于利益相关者感知的关键问题及其对管理解释的影响的宝贵信息。本研究的目的是分析和评估利益相关者认为在Gunung Gede Pangrango国家公园管理中至关重要的解释主体的特征。该调查通过向相关利益相关者（游客、社区和地区经理/旅游经营者）分发问卷进行，并通过聚类分析、Kruskal-Wallis和Mann-Whitney检验进行评估。尽管利益相关者认为植物群、语言和非生物成分在解释中至关重要，但游客的感知往往集中在非生物成分和建成的自然环境上。研究表明，应制定基于非生物和文化成分的生态旅游计划，以确保可持续管理，增加社区参与，并在国家公园地区引入生物财富
{"title":"THE POLARIZATION OF ORIENTATION AMONG STAKEHOLDERS ON INTERPRETATION SUBJECTS AT GUNUNG GEDE PANGRANGO NATIONAL PARK","authors":"H. Dewi, R. Avenzora, D. Darusman, C. Kusmana","doi":"10.20886/ijfr.2022.9.1.9-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20886/ijfr.2022.9.1.9-28","url":null,"abstract":"Interpretation subject is a novel approach to observing resources in the interpretation program. Interpretation programs refer to the efforts to develop an individual's ability to deeply interpret the value of nature for humans through meaningful and pleasant experiences, impressions, and feelings to achieve management goals. The viewpoint of interpretation subject considers the intrinsic value of each resource. These polarization studies provide valuable information on critical issues concerning stakeholder perception and their implications for managing interpretations. The purpose of this study is to analyze and evaluate the characteristics of the interpretation subject that stakeholders thought were crucial in Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park management. The survey was done by distributing questionnaires to related stakeholders (tourists, communities, and area managers/tour operators) and evaluated by cluster analysis, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney test. Although the stakeholder considered flora, language, and abiotic components essential in interpretation, tourists' perception tended to focus on abiotic components and the built natural environment. The research showed that abiotic and cultural component-based-ecotourism-programs shall be developed to ensure sustainable management, increase community participation, and introduce the biological wealth in the national park area","PeriodicalId":13482,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46191220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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