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The protagonism of local populations in the Mariana and Brumadinho crises in the national and regional press 马里亚纳和布鲁马迪尼奥危机在国家和地区媒体的当地人口的主角
Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.33167/2184-0644.cpp2021.vviin2/pp.139-158
Clésio Teixeira
In 2015 and 2019, respectively, in the cities of Mariana and Brumadinho, in the state of Minas Gerais (Brazil), the two most significant environmental and labor disasters in the history of the country occurred. Two iron ore tailings dams ruptured. These disasters had a consider-able impact on the lives of the communities where they happened, and received widespread coverage in the Brazilian and international media. This article analyzes the highlights from printed media with the most significant national circulation (Folha de S. Paulo, O Globo, Veja, and Época) as well as regional ones in the Minas Gerais State (Estado de Minas and O Tempo). The article concentrates on the first pages of the chosen media’s coverage within one year after these incidents. Quantitative analysis of the content of 3,148 covers of these newspapers and magazines was used to determine the most prominent actors and themes. The main highlights of this paper are: (i) the role of local populations, as the most prominent actors, portrayed in their testimonies and personal stories (ii) the difference between the most prominent themes, which were, in Mariana, publications on environmental damage, and, in Brumadinho, the threat of new disasters; and (iii) the greater emphasis given by the regional media in comparison to the national ones. This study provides local communities with information about how they were represented and how the press received their de-mands and mobilizations. The article also offers elements for discussion and the use of stra-tegic communication tools in the mobilization of local populations and the repair of damage to the image of the organizations involved.
2015年和2019年,分别在巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州的马里亚纳市和布鲁马迪尼奥市发生了该国历史上最严重的两起环境和劳工灾难。两座铁矿尾矿坝破裂。这些灾难对受灾社区的生活产生了相当大的影响,并得到了巴西和国际媒体的广泛报道。本文分析了全国发行量最大的印刷媒体(Folha de S. Paulo, O Globo, Veja和Época)以及米纳斯吉拉斯州的地区媒体(Estado de Minas和O Tempo)的亮点。这篇文章集中在这些事件发生后一年内选定的媒体报道的头版。对这些报纸和杂志的3148个封面的内容进行定量分析,以确定最突出的演员和主题。本文的主要亮点是:(i)当地居民作为最突出的演员的作用,在他们的证词和个人故事中被描绘出来;(ii)最突出的主题之间的区别,在马里亚纳,关于环境破坏的出版物,在布鲁马迪尼奥,关于新灾害的威胁;(三)与国家媒体相比,地区媒体给予了更大的重视。这项研究为当地社区提供了关于他们如何被代表以及新闻界如何接受他们的要求和动员的信息。这篇文章还提供了讨论的内容,以及在动员当地人口和修复有关组织形象受损方面使用战略传播工具的问题。
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引用次数: 0
Citizen diplomacy in the covid-19 pandemic: Between sharp power and soft power 新冠疫情中的公民外交:在锐实力与软实力之间
Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.33167/2184-0644.cpp2021.vviin2/pp.25-48
Niedja de Andrade e Silva Forte dos Santos
Given the huge challenge imposed by the covid-19 pandemic, countries have stepped up actions aimed at citizen security. At the same time, driven by different purposes, citizens are also involved in actions, which have had international repercussion, such as the devel-opment of citizen diplomacy. From the standpoint of public diplomacy, citizen diplomacy is a source of soft power. This research debates how citizen diplomacy performs under sharp power, and highlights the impact on foreign policy. Working within constructivism, the pa-per uses the case study method and is aimed at identifying the fight against the covid-19 pandemic by China, Portugal, and Brazil. To this end, the key concepts are operationalized, namely public diplomacy, citizen diplomacy, soft power, and sharp power. Then, a matrix of variables and attributes of soft and sharp power is built. The matrix guides collection of quantitative and qualitative data by content analysis. The news agency, Reuters, is the source of news collected from February 1 to April 30, 2020. After presentation and discussion of results, the last session presents conclusions, including recommendations for public policies, and opportunities for future developments.
鉴于2019冠状病毒病大流行带来的巨大挑战,各国加强了针对公民安全的行动。同时,在不同目的的驱动下,公民也参与了行动,这些行动产生了国际反响,如公民外交的发展。从公共外交的角度来看,公民外交是软实力的来源。本研究探讨了锐实力下公民外交的表现,并强调了其对外交政策的影响。在建构主义框架下,本文采用案例研究方法,旨在确定中国、葡萄牙和巴西抗击covid-19大流行的斗争。为此,运用了公共外交、公民外交、软实力、锐实力等核心概念。然后,构建了软实力和锐实力的变量和属性矩阵。该矩阵通过内容分析指导定量和定性数据的收集。路透社是从2020年2月1日至4月30日收集的新闻来源。在介绍和讨论成果后,最后一届会议提出结论,包括对公共政策的建议和未来发展的机会。
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引用次数: 0
Public Arena on the internet in defense of the public university in Brazil: Strategies of #UERJResiste 在网路上的公共舞台捍卫巴西公立大学:#UERJResiste策略
Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.33167/2184-0644.cpp2021.vviin2/pp.83-109
A. Tropiano, Neiva Vieira da Cunha
The important dramatization of public scenes through social media can be observed within the paradigm of the Networked Society proposed by Castells (2003). Networked social move-ments mobilize their efforts to foster and balance public debate in their favor. In this article, we aim to understand how the communication strategies on #UERJResiste Facebook page in defense of the State University of Rio de Janeiro – UERJ – was presented in this public arena (Cefaï, 2017a, 2017b), in the period from January to April, 2017. 266 posts were collected to outline an ethnographic description (Laplantine, 2004) of the social movement. An inter-view was also held with one of the page’s administrators to understand how the content is produced in order to compose a situational analysis. As a result, we identified four categories that also constitute communication strategies: media politics, discourse of resisting, educa-tional shares, and poetics of identity. In view of the privatization discourses of education and the attacks on its autonomy and its professionals, we understand #UERJResiste as a protag-onist with an important narrative to be disseminated, reflected, and discussed in the defense of the Brazilian Public University. Among the main contributions to this study are networked social movements from an ethnographic perspective of a public arena. We also highlight an understanding of strategic communication in the civic dynamics, rebounding the impor-tance of the autonomy of universities for democratic consolidation and citizen participation.
通过社交媒体对公共场景的重要戏剧化可以在Castells(2003)提出的网络社会范式中观察到。网络化的社会运动动员他们的努力来促进和平衡有利于他们的公共辩论。在本文中,我们的目标是了解在2017年1月至4月期间,#UERJResiste Facebook页面上捍卫里约热内卢州立大学(UERJ)的传播策略是如何在这个公共领域呈现的(Cefaï, 2017a, 2017b)。收集了266个帖子,概述了社会运动的民族志描述(Laplantine, 2004)。我们还与该页面的一位管理员进行了访谈,以了解内容是如何产生的,以便撰写情景分析。因此,我们确定了构成传播策略的四个类别:媒介政治、抵制话语、教育分享和身份诗学。鉴于教育私有化的言论,以及对教育自主权和专业人士的攻击,我们认为#UERJResiste是捍卫巴西公立大学的重要叙事,值得传播、反思和讨论。本研究的主要贡献之一是从公共领域的民族志角度出发的网络社会运动。我们还强调了对公民动态中的战略沟通的理解,反弹了大学自治对民主巩固和公民参与的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
From grassroots movement to parliament: Strategic communication and the achievement of public legitimacy. Case Study: PAN (People – Animals – Nature) 从草根运动到议会:战略沟通与公共合法性的实现。个案研究:PAN(人-动物-自然)
Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.33167/2184-0644.cpp2021.vviin2/pp.201-221
Naíde Muller
Strategic communication has progressively claimed a broader role in society, and in fos-tering social capital, civic engagement, and democracy. Thus, activism has received much attention in public relations theory and practice. In the Portuguese case, PAN fits this con-cern in line with the new political parties founded bottom-up by activists’ social opposition movements. In 2015, PAN managed to enter a parliamentary system that had remained in-accessible to new political parties for almost 20 years. This study is based on a qualitative methodology, anchored in the discursive analysis of public relations positioning elements in the original manifesto of the grassroots movement that originated PAN. A tag cloud‐gen-erating software (wordArt.com) was also used to analyze word frequency and identify the main themes of the document. In-depth interviews with PAN policymakers were carried out to analyze how the party communication strategies may have impacted its significant growth. Findings indicate that a strategic approach to communication influenced the transition from a civic movement to a formal parliamentary party. PAN’s manifesto was discur-sively constructed to position the movement as trustworthy with high ethical and moral standards. PAN used the possibilities of social media to build a collective identity, from the grassroots, based on specific narratives.
战略沟通在社会中,在培育社会资本、公民参与和民主方面,逐渐发挥着更广泛的作用。因此,行动主义在公共关系理论和实践中受到了广泛的关注。在葡萄牙的情况下,国家行动党符合这种关切,符合由社会反对运动积极分子自下而上建立的新政党。2015年,国家行动党成功进入了近20年来新政党无法进入的议会制度。本研究以定性方法论为基础,以对草根运动原始宣言中的公共关系定位要素的话语分析为基础。一个标签云生成软件(wordArt.com)也被用来分析词频和识别文档的主题。对国家行动党政策制定者进行了深入访谈,以分析党的沟通策略如何影响其显著增长。研究结果表明,沟通的战略方法影响了从公民运动到正式议会政党的转变。国家行动党的宣言是通过话语构建的,将该运动定位为具有高尚伦理和道德标准的值得信赖的运动。国家行动党利用社交媒体的可能性,基于具体的叙述,从基层开始建立集体身份。
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引用次数: 0
Arena pública na internet em defesa da universidade pública no Brasil: Estratégias de #UERJResiste 为巴西公立大学辩护的互联网公共舞台:#UERJResiste策略
Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.33167/2184-0644.cpp2021.vviin2/pp.111-138
A. Tropiano, Neiva Vieira da Cunha
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引用次数: 0
Diplomacia do cidadão durante a pandemia covid-19:Entre sharp power e soft power 应对新冠肺炎大流行:加强锐实力还是软实力
Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.33167/2184-0644.cpp2021.vviin2/pp.49-82
Niedja de Andrade e Silva Forte dos Santos
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引用次数: 0
Communicating climate change and energy in rural Africa: A case analysis to explain how participatory communication can support transition to renewables and adoption of solar technologies in rural Africa 在非洲农村传播气候变化和能源:一个案例分析,解释参与式传播如何支持非洲农村向可再生能源过渡和采用太阳能技术
Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.33167/2184-0644.cpp2021.vviin2/pp.183-200
I. Nyoh
Over the last two decades, numerous initiatives have attempted to solve the problem of ac-cess to electricity in Africa by massively deploying renewable solar solutions to rural areas. In doing so, they are helping to redress the problem, yet struggling to convince rural stake-holders to accept and integrate solar systems. This article explores how energy initiatives can strategically employ communication models to ease transition, acceptance, and integra-tion of renewable energy in rural Africa. Qualitative and quantitative research methods and tools such as surveys, in-depth interviews, and field observation, were used. These were col-lected and feedback analyzed from rural stakeholders on how communication shaped their understanding, acceptance, and integration of renewable solar energy in their local area. The results showed that the attitudes rural stakeholders generally show towards renewa-ble solar technologies depend on the communication approach used to engage them. The results also revealed a range of symbiotic factors that can change public perception and ac-ceptance of solar energy. One of them is including rural voices in the process of developing and delivering communication. The research results demonstrate that public engagement in energy initiatives is a very important way of encouraging acceptance. The results recom-mend energy communication scholarship use inclusive methods to try to understand what makes rural stakeholders shift their attitudes and beliefs. Finally, it is argued that grassroots innovations and community led renewable approaches are socially acceptable and inclusive and development projects and initiatives need to find better ways to offer rural stakeholders the ability to shape their own communications.
在过去的二十年里,许多倡议都试图通过在农村地区大规模部署可再生太阳能解决方案来解决非洲的电力供应问题。在这样做的过程中,他们正在帮助解决这个问题,但也在努力说服农村利益相关者接受和整合太阳能系统。本文探讨了能源倡议如何战略性地利用沟通模式来缓解非洲农村可再生能源的过渡、接受和整合。采用了定性和定量研究方法和工具,如调查、深度访谈和实地观察。收集并分析了来自农村利益相关者的反馈,以了解沟通如何影响他们对当地可再生太阳能的理解、接受和整合。结果表明,农村利益相关者对可再生太阳能技术的态度通常取决于用于吸引他们的沟通方法。研究结果还揭示了一系列可以改变公众对太阳能的看法和接受程度的共生因素。其中之一是在发展和传播的过程中纳入农村的声音。研究结果表明,公众参与能源倡议是鼓励接受的一种非常重要的方式。研究结果建议能源传播学者使用包容性方法来试图理解是什么使农村利益相关者转变他们的态度和信念。最后,报告认为,基层创新和社区主导的可再生方法具有社会可接受性和包容性,发展项目和倡议需要找到更好的方式,为农村利益相关者提供塑造自己传播的能力。
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引用次数: 0
O protagonismo das populações locais nas crises de Mariana e Brumadinho na imprensa nacional e regional 当地人口在马里亚纳和布鲁马迪尼奥危机中的作用在国家和地区媒体上
Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.33167/2184-0644.cpp2021.vviin2/pp.159-181
C. Teixeira
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引用次数: 0
Is there a new state in Latin America? Lessons after COVID-19 拉丁美洲是否出现了一个新国家?COVID-19后的教训
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.33167/2184-0644.cpp2022.8.1.4
Juan E. Santarcángelo
COVID-19 was declared a pandemic in March 2020 and struck a global economy in a situation of enormous fragility (the lowest growth rate since the international financial crisis of 2008). This situation was extremely severe in the case of Latin America, which was not only the region with the worst performance in the global south in 2019, but also where neoliberalism has generated one of the most profound transformations both in the structure of the state and in the direction of its public policies. The aim of this paper is to review and compare the public policies implemented by the different Latin American governments at the beginning of the pandemic, to study how well local and national governments were prepared for it in terms of capacity, to analyse the effectiveness of the public policies applied and to derive some lessons that we should learn for the future. The paper shows that the pandemic brought to light the structural deficiencies generated by decades of neoliberalism in the region and demonstrates that only through a profound transformation in the state and its capacities will the peripheral countries be prepared to face similar challenges.
2019冠状病毒病于2020年3月被宣布为大流行,全球经济在极度脆弱的情况下受到打击(增长率为2008年国际金融危机以来的最低水平)。这种情况在拉丁美洲尤为严重,该地区不仅是2019年全球南方表现最差的地区,而且新自由主义在国家结构和公共政策方向上都产生了最深刻的变革之一。本文的目的是审查和比较不同拉丁美洲政府在大流行开始时实施的公共政策,研究地方和国家政府在能力方面准备得如何,分析所实施的公共政策的有效性,并得出我们未来应该吸取的一些教训。本文表明,疫情暴露了该地区几十年来新自由主义所造成的结构性缺陷,并表明,只有通过国家及其能力的深刻变革,周边国家才能准备好面对类似的挑战。
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引用次数: 0
Desafios da Governação e Metagovernação Pública: de uma análise teórico-histórica à sua aplicação ao caso português 治理与公共元治理的挑战:从理论和历史分析到其在葡萄牙案例中的应用
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.33167/2184-0644.cpp2022.8.1.2
Luís Mota
Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestão (ESTG), Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, Leiria, Portugal; Unidade de Investigação em Governança, Competitividade e Políticas Públicas (GOVCOPP), Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
葡萄牙莱利亚理工学院技术与管理高等学院(ESTG);葡萄牙阿威罗大学治理、竞争力和公共政策研究单位(GOVCOPP)。
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引用次数: 0
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