Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology最新文献

Abstract: Intrathyroidal thymic carcinoma (ITC) is a very rare malignant epithelial tumor of the thyroid gland with thymic epithelial differentiation. Here, we are reporting the case of an eighty-year-old man who at presentation had extrathyroidal spread to the larynx and metastasis to regional lymph nodes. Though the tumor had a relatively low-grade morphology, there were areas of high mitotic activity with areas of necrosis. The classically described ivory-white gross appearance of the tumor, histomorphology of thick bands dividing the tumor into lobules, squamous cell differentiation, tight whorls of cells resembling Hassall's corpuscle, and areas showing dense lymphocytic infiltration, together with an immunoprofile of CD5, Ckit, Tumor protein 63 (p63), and B-cell lymphoma 2 gene (bcl2) positivity, helped in diagnosing this rare entity. Though classically ITC is said to have a good prognosis, cases with spread to adjacent organs and lymph node metastasis may not have an indolent course.

Abstract: Kodamaea ohmeri is a rare opportunistic pathogen belonging to Saccharomycetes family. This yeast was also formerly known as Yamadazyma ohmeri or Pichia ohmeri . This opportunistic pathogen causes illness that typically affects people with impaired immune system. In this report, we discuss a fatal case involving a woman in her late 30s who was admitted to the hospital on the sixth day of her sickness after being given a COVID-19 Category 5A diagnosis. For COVID-19, she received subcutaneous heparin, cefuroxime, and intravenous corticosteroids. She was diagnosed with secondary bacterial and fungal infections in the ICU. Multiple antibiotics and antifungal were given to treat bacterial and fungal infections. An unusual fungus, Kodamaea ohmeri , was isolated from the clinical sample. On day 36, she succumbed to her infection in the ICU. The cause of death was multidrug-resistant sepsis with multiple organ failures due to COVID-19 infection, worsened by an embolism and trachea damage during a tracheostomy. To effectively manage K. ohmeri , clinicians and microbiologists must identify and be aware of this emerging human opportunistic pathogen, which can co-infect debilitated patients such as COVID-19 patients, for effective management.

Abstract: Pseudomyogenic hemangioendothelioma (PHE) is an uncommon mesenchymal neoplasm of intermediate malignant potential showing endothelial differentiation. Around 20 cases of primary osseous PHE have been reported to date. A 16-year-old boy presented with complaints of pain in his right leg. Imaging revealed multifocal intramedullary and cortical-based lytic lesions involving long and small bones. Microscopic examination revealed plump, spindled cells arranged in fascicles and admixed "epithelioid" and "rhabdoid" cells sans vasoformative areas. By immunohistochemistry, the lesional cells were reactive for AE1/AE3, CD31, Erg, Fli1, and SMA, while immunonegative for CD34, myogenin, and S100. Nuclear expression of the INI1/SMARCB1 protein was retained. PHE is a rare entity, more so as a primary osseous lesion; therefore, awareness of the presence of this entity in the bone is the key to making a diagnosis. We discuss its clinicopathological features, differential diagnosis, and an attempt a short review of the literature.

Abstract: We report the case of a 48 year old man brought-in-dead to the trauma unit following an alleged accidental fall from a multi-storied building. Autopsy findings were consistent with traumatic injuries to the head, chest and spine. Incidentally, a bit of the diaphragm with a pearly white lobulated mass over the pleural surface was observed. Histopathological examination detected a calcifying fibrous pseudotumour (CFPT), confirmed by positive immunostaining for cluster of differentiation protein-34 (CD34) and vimentin (focally). CFPTs are slow-growing pseudotumours that are clinically benign with extremely low rate of recurrence and this might just be the first reported case of CFPT on the diaphragm. This shall further aid clinicians to diagnose these rare yet significant soft tissue tumors in uncommon sites.

Abstract: Appendicitis is the most common cause of the acute abdomen and usually occurs because of the fecalith in adults and lymphoid hyperplasia in childhood. Gastric cancer metastasis to the appendix is a rare condition that might be present with symptoms of acute appendicitis. The English literature describes only thirteen cases of gastric carcinoma metastasizing to the appendix and presenting as acute appendicitis. In this report, we describe the first case of metastatic signet ring cell carcinoma of appendix presenting with clinical features of acute appendicitis.