Pub Date : 2023-09-26DOI: 10.56093/ijas.v93i9.136842
KUMAR NAIK A H, SHIVANAND GOUDRA, GOVINDA K, ANANTHA RAMA A, DIVYAJYOTHI U, SUJATHA S, PALLAVI M
The present study was carried out at Zonal Agricultural and Horticultural Research Station, Babbur Farm, Hiriyur, Chitradurga, Karnataka during rainy (kharif) season 2019, 2020, 2021 and 2022 to study the productivity and economics of maize (Zea mays L.) + field bean (Dolichos lablab L.) (4:2) intercropping system under different farming practices. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four farming practices as treatments, viz. T1, Natural farming (NF); T2, Organic farming (OF); T3, Recommended package of practices (RPP) and; T4, Farmer practices (FP) with five replications. Results revealed that the recommended package of practices (RPP) recorded a significantly higher maize grain yield (6045 kg/ha), seed yield of field bean (538 kg/ha), maize equivalent yield (9625 kg/ha). Cost of cultivation in different farming practices indicated the lowest labour cost incurred in organic farming (₹25405/ha) and material cost in natural farming (₹14576/ha) as compared to other farming practices. Among the farming practices, lowest cost of cultivation was observed under natural farming (₹45436/ha) as compared to other farming practices. The gross returns (₹166471/ha) and net returns (₹109428/ha) were again significantly higher in RPP over other farming practices.
{"title":"Performance of maize (Zea mays) + field bean (Dolichos lablab) intercropping system under natural, organic and conventional farming practices","authors":"KUMAR NAIK A H, SHIVANAND GOUDRA, GOVINDA K, ANANTHA RAMA A, DIVYAJYOTHI U, SUJATHA S, PALLAVI M","doi":"10.56093/ijas.v93i9.136842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v93i9.136842","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was carried out at Zonal Agricultural and Horticultural Research Station, Babbur Farm, Hiriyur, Chitradurga, Karnataka during rainy (kharif) season 2019, 2020, 2021 and 2022 to study the productivity and economics of maize (Zea mays L.) + field bean (Dolichos lablab L.) (4:2) intercropping system under different farming practices. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four farming practices as treatments, viz. T1, Natural farming (NF); T2, Organic farming (OF); T3, Recommended package of practices (RPP) and; T4, Farmer practices (FP) with five replications. Results revealed that the recommended package of practices (RPP) recorded a significantly higher maize grain yield (6045 kg/ha), seed yield of field bean (538 kg/ha), maize equivalent yield (9625 kg/ha). Cost of cultivation in different farming practices indicated the lowest labour cost incurred in organic farming (₹25405/ha) and material cost in natural farming (₹14576/ha) as compared to other farming practices. Among the farming practices, lowest cost of cultivation was observed under natural farming (₹45436/ha) as compared to other farming practices. The gross returns (₹166471/ha) and net returns (₹109428/ha) were again significantly higher in RPP over other farming practices.","PeriodicalId":13499,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134960925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The influence of modified clay mineral and red mud on biological yield and arsenic bioavailability to mustard were investigated. The total biomass of the mustard was increased by application of clay mineral and red mud products. At higher doses (5.00 g/kg), Fe-bentonite treated soil recorded the highest total plant biomass (11.2 g/pot). DMSO-bentonite (1.23 mg/kg) and Fe-bentonite (1.28 mg/kg) were proved to be most effective in reducing the extractable arsenic concentration in soil at the rate of 5.00 g/kg doses. These products also help in lowering the hazard quotient (0.20–0.08) values for human consumption of arsenic through mustard leaf. This means that modified types of bentonites and red mud boost mustard productivity by reducing arsenic concentration.
{"title":"Immobilization of arsenic in soil using modified bentonite and red mud to reduce its bio-availability in Brassica juncea","authors":"SIYARAM MEENA, KAPIL ATMARAM CHOBHE, KANCHIKERI MATH MANJAIAH, SIBA PRASAD DATTA, DEBASIS GOLUI","doi":"10.56093/ijas.v93i9.139141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v93i9.139141","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of modified clay mineral and red mud on biological yield and arsenic bioavailability to mustard were investigated. The total biomass of the mustard was increased by application of clay mineral and red mud products. At higher doses (5.00 g/kg), Fe-bentonite treated soil recorded the highest total plant biomass (11.2 g/pot). DMSO-bentonite (1.23 mg/kg) and Fe-bentonite (1.28 mg/kg) were proved to be most effective in reducing the extractable arsenic concentration in soil at the rate of 5.00 g/kg doses. These products also help in lowering the hazard quotient (0.20–0.08) values for human consumption of arsenic through mustard leaf. This means that modified types of bentonites and red mud boost mustard productivity by reducing arsenic concentration.","PeriodicalId":13499,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134960926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-26DOI: 10.56093/ijas.v93i9.134403
YOUSRA MUKHTAR, UMA SHANKAR
Pollinators play a vital role in sustaining both cultivated and wild plants, thus ensuring the well-being of humanity. Unfortunately, the indiscriminate methods employed in pest-management have a detrimental impact on beneficial fauna, especially pollinators. Taking into account the harmful effects of pesticides on pollinators and the lack of explicit consideration for their welfare in Integrated Pest Management (IPM) practices, there is an urgent need to integrate pollinator management into the IPM programme. Incorporating pollinator management within the IPM framework is essential for maintaining the health of pollinators, preserving diverse pollinator species and achieving optimal crop yields with reduced pest-related issues- aspects that are often overlooked in conventionalpest management approaches. This transformation from IPM to IPPM (Integrated Pest and Pollinator Management) highlights the importance of selectively and judiciously employing pesticides and other pest control strategies that have minimal impact on the habits, habitats, reproductive capabilities, foraging behaviour, growth, development and survival of pollinators. Although the concept of IPPM was introduced by Biddinger and Rajote (2015), our focus lies in explaining its relevance within the Indian context. Here, IPPM is imperative for reducing pest populations below economically damaging thresholds while simultaneously enhancing and conserving pollinators. By achieving this delicate balance, the ecological equilibrium can be preserved, ensuring the continued existence of various species and sustainability of our ecosystem.
{"title":"Integrated pest and pollinator management in India: A way forward to sustainable agriculture","authors":"YOUSRA MUKHTAR, UMA SHANKAR","doi":"10.56093/ijas.v93i9.134403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v93i9.134403","url":null,"abstract":"Pollinators play a vital role in sustaining both cultivated and wild plants, thus ensuring the well-being of humanity. Unfortunately, the indiscriminate methods employed in pest-management have a detrimental impact on beneficial fauna, especially pollinators. Taking into account the harmful effects of pesticides on pollinators and the lack of explicit consideration for their welfare in Integrated Pest Management (IPM) practices, there is an urgent need to integrate pollinator management into the IPM programme. Incorporating pollinator management within the IPM framework is essential for maintaining the health of pollinators, preserving diverse pollinator species and achieving optimal crop yields with reduced pest-related issues- aspects that are often overlooked in conventionalpest management approaches. This transformation from IPM to IPPM (Integrated Pest and Pollinator Management) highlights the importance of selectively and judiciously employing pesticides and other pest control strategies that have minimal impact on the habits, habitats, reproductive capabilities, foraging behaviour, growth, development and survival of pollinators. Although the concept of IPPM was introduced by Biddinger and Rajote (2015), our focus lies in explaining its relevance within the Indian context. Here, IPPM is imperative for reducing pest populations below economically damaging thresholds while simultaneously enhancing and conserving pollinators. By achieving this delicate balance, the ecological equilibrium can be preserved, ensuring the continued existence of various species and sustainability of our ecosystem.","PeriodicalId":13499,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"328 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134903554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-26DOI: 10.56093/ijas.v93i9.138073
AJAY KUMAR VERMA, D K SAMADIA, HANUMAN RAM, CHET RAM, GANGADHARA K, P S GURJAR
High green pod yield, dual purpose type, earliness and photo-thermo insensitivity are the major breeding objectives of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.]. Photo-thermo sensitivity makes this crop vulnerable to photoperiod and temperature fluctuations particularly in hot arid regions, thereby affecting its yield potential drastically. Therefore, the present study was aimed to identify such elite genotypes with photo-thermo insensitivity, which can fit well across all seasons under hot arid environment. The experiments were conducted at ICAR-Central Institute for Arid Horticulture, Bikaner during rainy and summer seasons of 2019–20 and 2020–21. A wide range of variability among genotypes was observed with respect to various phenological and yield traits over the environments. Among the evaluated genotypes, AHCP-1-4-1 and AHCP-2-3 were found photo-thermo insensitive as these were able to flower and set pods at temperatures as low as 10oC and as high as 46°C. Pollen viability studies indicated that AHCP-1-4-1 had 83.72 and 88.24% pollen viability and AHCP-2-3 had 81.58 and 85.71% viable pollen at 11°C and 46°C, respectively and normal pollen tube growth at both the extremes of temperature. The identified genetic resources will contribute for developing photo-thermo insensitive cultivars and will improve the productivity and extend the availability of cowpea with quality pod yield across all seasons and locations of hot arid regions.
{"title":"Identification and characterization of photo-thermo insensitive cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) genotypes for hot arid environment","authors":"AJAY KUMAR VERMA, D K SAMADIA, HANUMAN RAM, CHET RAM, GANGADHARA K, P S GURJAR","doi":"10.56093/ijas.v93i9.138073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v93i9.138073","url":null,"abstract":"High green pod yield, dual purpose type, earliness and photo-thermo insensitivity are the major breeding objectives of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.]. Photo-thermo sensitivity makes this crop vulnerable to photoperiod and temperature fluctuations particularly in hot arid regions, thereby affecting its yield potential drastically. Therefore, the present study was aimed to identify such elite genotypes with photo-thermo insensitivity, which can fit well across all seasons under hot arid environment. The experiments were conducted at ICAR-Central Institute for Arid Horticulture, Bikaner during rainy and summer seasons of 2019–20 and 2020–21. A wide range of variability among genotypes was observed with respect to various phenological and yield traits over the environments. Among the evaluated genotypes, AHCP-1-4-1 and AHCP-2-3 were found photo-thermo insensitive as these were able to flower and set pods at temperatures as low as 10oC and as high as 46°C. Pollen viability studies indicated that AHCP-1-4-1 had 83.72 and 88.24% pollen viability and AHCP-2-3 had 81.58 and 85.71% viable pollen at 11°C and 46°C, respectively and normal pollen tube growth at both the extremes of temperature. The identified genetic resources will contribute for developing photo-thermo insensitive cultivars and will improve the productivity and extend the availability of cowpea with quality pod yield across all seasons and locations of hot arid regions.","PeriodicalId":13499,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134960110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-26DOI: 10.56093/ijas.v93i9.123290
C K KUNDU, N R ANAND, H BANERJEE, N M DEVI, S K GUNRI, L NAYAK, G MONDAL, S K DE
An experiment was conducted at Central Research Farm, Gayeshpur, Nadia under BCKV, West Bengal to assess the impact of plant density and planting methods on growth, yield and quality attributes of chia (Salvia hispanica L.) grown during winter (rabi) seasons of 2019–20 and 2020–21. Treatments were distributed in split-plot design, with 2 establishment methods (M1, direct sowing and M2, Transplanting) in main plots and 4 planting density (S1, 60 cm × 50 cm = 33,333 plants/ha; S2, 50 cm × 50 cm = 40,000 plants/ha; S3, 50 cm × 25 cm = 80,000 plants/ha; S4, 50 cm × 20 cm = 1,00,000 plants/ha) in sub-plots. Crop under direct sowing with closer spacing (50 cm × 20 cm) had the greater number of primary branch (15.7/plant), primary branch length (38.4 cm) and main inflorescence length (25.9 cm), thereby reflecting superiority of this treatment combination over others. The same treatment combination produced significantly the highest grain (671.7 kg/ha), stem (1109.4 kg/ha) and husk yield (375.2 kg/ha), which led to increase harvest index (31.2). The greatest economic response in terms of gross return (228.4 × 103 ₹/ha), net return (166.3 × 103 ₹/ha) and B: C ratio (3.67) was recorded in crop under the same treatment combination. Based on quadratic regression equation, the optimum plant density of chia was calculated as 71,428 plants/ha. Thus, direct seed sowing at a density of 71,428 plants/ha (spacing ~ 55 cm × 25 cm) can be done for chia cultivation during rabi season in West Bengal condition.
在西孟加拉邦BCKV项目下的Gayeshpur中央研究农场进行了一项试验，以评估2019-20和2020-21冬季(rabi)季节种植的鼠尾草(Salvia hispanica L.)的生长、产量和品质属性。处理采用分块设计，在主地块采用2种建立方式(M1，直播和M2，移栽)，4种种植密度(S1, 60 cm × 50 cm = 33,333株/ha;S2, 50 cm × 50 cm = 40000株/ha;S3, 50 cm × 25 cm = 80,000株/ha;S4, 50 cm × 20 cm = 10万株/公顷)。直播株距较近(50 cm × 20 cm)的一次枝数(15.7个/株)、一次枝长(38.4 cm)和主花序长(25.9 cm)均高于其他处理组合，体现了该处理组合的优势。同一处理组合的籽粒产量(671.7 kg/ hm2)、茎产量(1109.4 kg/ hm2)和果皮产量(375.2 kg/ hm2)均显著提高，收获指数(31.2)显著提高。在总回报(228.4 × 103卢比/公顷)、净回报(166.3 × 103卢比/公顷)和B: C比(3.67)方面，相同处理组合的作物的经济响应最大。根据二次回归方程，计算出奇亚的最佳种植密度为71428株/ha。因此，在西孟加拉邦的rabi季节，直接播种密度为71428株/公顷(间距~ 55 cm × 25 cm)可用于奇亚种植。
{"title":"Growth , yield and quality of medicinal plant Chia (Salvia hispanica) as influenced by planting methods and density","authors":"C K KUNDU, N R ANAND, H BANERJEE, N M DEVI, S K GUNRI, L NAYAK, G MONDAL, S K DE","doi":"10.56093/ijas.v93i9.123290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v93i9.123290","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was conducted at Central Research Farm, Gayeshpur, Nadia under BCKV, West Bengal to assess the impact of plant density and planting methods on growth, yield and quality attributes of chia (Salvia hispanica L.) grown during winter (rabi) seasons of 2019–20 and 2020–21. Treatments were distributed in split-plot design, with 2 establishment methods (M1, direct sowing and M2, Transplanting) in main plots and 4 planting density (S1, 60 cm × 50 cm = 33,333 plants/ha; S2, 50 cm × 50 cm = 40,000 plants/ha; S3, 50 cm × 25 cm = 80,000 plants/ha; S4, 50 cm × 20 cm = 1,00,000 plants/ha) in sub-plots. Crop under direct sowing with closer spacing (50 cm × 20 cm) had the greater number of primary branch (15.7/plant), primary branch length (38.4 cm) and main inflorescence length (25.9 cm), thereby reflecting superiority of this treatment combination over others. The same treatment combination produced significantly the highest grain (671.7 kg/ha), stem (1109.4 kg/ha) and husk yield (375.2 kg/ha), which led to increase harvest index (31.2). The greatest economic response in terms of gross return (228.4 × 103 ₹/ha), net return (166.3 × 103 ₹/ha) and B: C ratio (3.67) was recorded in crop under the same treatment combination. Based on quadratic regression equation, the optimum plant density of chia was calculated as 71,428 plants/ha. Thus, direct seed sowing at a density of 71,428 plants/ha (spacing ~ 55 cm × 25 cm) can be done for chia cultivation during rabi season in West Bengal condition.","PeriodicalId":13499,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134960285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study was carried out at ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi during 2021–2023 to study the effect of postharvest hot water treatment (HWT) on the nutritional quality attributes of apple [Malus × domestica Borkh.] cv. Royal Delicious. Apple fruits were exposed to hot water at 48, 50, 52 and 54°C for 2, 3, 4 and 5 min. Following the treatment, the fruits were cold stored (2±1°C, 90–95% relative humidity) for 90 days and evaluated for quality changes at every 15 days interval. Our results revealed that HWT of apple fruits at 48°C and 50°C were best for optimum retention of nutritional quality of apple fruits. Exposure of fruits to HWT at 48°C/5 min and 50°C/2 min resulted in least (0.73%, 0.75%) loss of ascorbic acid and anthocyanin content (0.10%, 0.21%), respectively as compared to other temperature-time combinations. At the end of a three month storage period, under control treatment, fruits exhibited 9.56% reduction of antioxidant (AOX) activity in comparison to 0.17–2.21% reduction in HWT apples. The maximum loss in quality attributes was noticed at highest temperature-time exposure (54°C/5 min). Thus, it was observed that the right combination of temperature and time for HWT is crucial to maintain fruit quality attributes without compromising nutritional value.
{"title":"Influence of hot water treatment on nutritional quality attributes of cold stored apple (Malus × domestica)","authors":"AJIT KUMAR SINGH, SHRUTI SETHI, RAM ASREY, RAJU KUMAR","doi":"10.56093/ijas.v93i9.137236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v93i9.137236","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was carried out at ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi during 2021–2023 to study the effect of postharvest hot water treatment (HWT) on the nutritional quality attributes of apple [Malus × domestica Borkh.] cv. Royal Delicious. Apple fruits were exposed to hot water at 48, 50, 52 and 54°C for 2, 3, 4 and 5 min. Following the treatment, the fruits were cold stored (2±1°C, 90–95% relative humidity) for 90 days and evaluated for quality changes at every 15 days interval. Our results revealed that HWT of apple fruits at 48°C and 50°C were best for optimum retention of nutritional quality of apple fruits. Exposure of fruits to HWT at 48°C/5 min and 50°C/2 min resulted in least (0.73%, 0.75%) loss of ascorbic acid and anthocyanin content (0.10%, 0.21%), respectively as compared to other temperature-time combinations. At the end of a three month storage period, under control treatment, fruits exhibited 9.56% reduction of antioxidant (AOX) activity in comparison to 0.17–2.21% reduction in HWT apples. The maximum loss in quality attributes was noticed at highest temperature-time exposure (54°C/5 min). Thus, it was observed that the right combination of temperature and time for HWT is crucial to maintain fruit quality attributes without compromising nutritional value.","PeriodicalId":13499,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134960792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-26DOI: 10.56093/ijas.v93i9.133234
ANIL SHARMA, HARSIMRAT KAUR BONS
The present study was carried out to observe the influence of pre-harvest application of salicylic acid (1, 2 and 3 mM) on shelf life and quality attributes of ber fruits cv. Umran (Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk.) under cold storage conditions (7.5±10C and 90–95% RH). The cold-stored fruits were assessed for various physico-chemical attributes and enzymatic activities at 7 days interval up to 28 days of storage. Above study revealed that fruits treated with salicylic acid @3 mM resulted in reduced physiological loss in fruit weight, spoilage and increased firmness, soluble solids content, antioxidant activity and carotenoids. Furthermore, it suppressed activities of cell wall degrading enzymes like PG, PPO, PME and increased the activity of superoxide dismutase peroxidase and catalase enzymes. It was concluded that pre-harvest spray of salicylic acid @3 mM was more effective in regulating enzymatic activities, thereby improving quality attributes and shelf life of ber fruits up to 21 days at cold storage.
{"title":"Exogenous application of salicylic acid regulates antioxidant enzyme activities and quality attributes of Umran ber (Ziziphus mauritiana) fruits under cold storage","authors":"ANIL SHARMA, HARSIMRAT KAUR BONS","doi":"10.56093/ijas.v93i9.133234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v93i9.133234","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was carried out to observe the influence of pre-harvest application of salicylic acid (1, 2 and 3 mM) on shelf life and quality attributes of ber fruits cv. Umran (Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk.) under cold storage conditions (7.5±10C and 90–95% RH). The cold-stored fruits were assessed for various physico-chemical attributes and enzymatic activities at 7 days interval up to 28 days of storage. Above study revealed that fruits treated with salicylic acid @3 mM resulted in reduced physiological loss in fruit weight, spoilage and increased firmness, soluble solids content, antioxidant activity and carotenoids. Furthermore, it suppressed activities of cell wall degrading enzymes like PG, PPO, PME and increased the activity of superoxide dismutase peroxidase and catalase enzymes. It was concluded that pre-harvest spray of salicylic acid @3 mM was more effective in regulating enzymatic activities, thereby improving quality attributes and shelf life of ber fruits up to 21 days at cold storage.","PeriodicalId":13499,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134960794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-26DOI: 10.56093/ijas.v93i9.139484
NANDHINI S, SIVAKUMAR S D, BALAJI PARASURAMAN, VENKATESA PALANICHAMY N, ANANDHI V, BALASUBRAMANIAN P, VASANTHI R, AJAY KUMAR
BCT adoption remains to be a promising way to achieve food security and safety in many developing countries. This paper explores the impact of blockchain technology adoption on household farm income. Based on a simple random sampling method, a cross sectional survey was conducted in the year 2023 to collect data from 240 sample farmers including 120 BCT adopters and 120 non-adopters in Erode district of Tamil Nadu. The information regarding socio-economic profiles like age, gender, educational status, farming experience, farm size, extension agency contact, training programmes attended, access to technological information were collected from sample farmers through personal interviews. The present research used a treatment effect analysis with propensity score matching approach to assess the impact of blockchain technology adoption on household’s farm income. Results showed a significant increase in farm income as a result of blockchain technology adoption among sample farmers. PSM approach estimated that the blockchain technology adopters earned higher farm income of ₹25829.16 as compared to non-adopters. Hence the findings provide empirical evidence that blockchain technology adoption in agriculture can contribute to improve quality food production and enhance farm income.
{"title":"Impact of blockchain technology adoption in farms of FPO members","authors":"NANDHINI S, SIVAKUMAR S D, BALAJI PARASURAMAN, VENKATESA PALANICHAMY N, ANANDHI V, BALASUBRAMANIAN P, VASANTHI R, AJAY KUMAR","doi":"10.56093/ijas.v93i9.139484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v93i9.139484","url":null,"abstract":"BCT adoption remains to be a promising way to achieve food security and safety in many developing countries. This paper explores the impact of blockchain technology adoption on household farm income. Based on a simple random sampling method, a cross sectional survey was conducted in the year 2023 to collect data from 240 sample farmers including 120 BCT adopters and 120 non-adopters in Erode district of Tamil Nadu. The information regarding socio-economic profiles like age, gender, educational status, farming experience, farm size, extension agency contact, training programmes attended, access to technological information were collected from sample farmers through personal interviews. The present research used a treatment effect analysis with propensity score matching approach to assess the impact of blockchain technology adoption on household’s farm income. Results showed a significant increase in farm income as a result of blockchain technology adoption among sample farmers. PSM approach estimated that the blockchain technology adopters earned higher farm income of ₹25829.16 as compared to non-adopters. Hence the findings provide empirical evidence that blockchain technology adoption in agriculture can contribute to improve quality food production and enhance farm income.","PeriodicalId":13499,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134960419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-26DOI: 10.56093/ijas.v93i9.111116
S MANGARAJ, R K PAIKARAY, L M GARNAYAK, S R PRADHAN, S D BEHERA
The present field study was carried out during 2017–18 and 2018–19 rainy (kharif) and winter (rabi) seasons in order to examine the impact caused by integrated nutrient management (INM) on the yield and quality of the short grain aromatic rice (Oryza sativa L.)-greengram (Vigna radiata L.) combination. Two years experimental data concluded that integration of 50% recommended dose (RD) as fertilizer + 50% RD of nitrogen via farm yield manure (FYM) resulted in considerably higher economic yield (3837.1 and 3917.7 kg/ha) of short grain aromatic rice cv. Nua Acharamati which were at par with 75% RD as fertilizer + green manuring of dhaincha (3438.5 and 3539.1 kg/ha). Pooled data revealed that, residual effect of 50% RD as fertilizer + 50% RD of nitrogen (FYM) and 75% RD as fertilizer + Rhizobium + PSB in greengram recorded the highest number of pods/plant (18.2), seeds/pod (11.3), pod length (9.3 cm), test weight (32.7 g), seed yield (925.7 kg/ha) and stover yield (2240.7 kg/ha) in greengram cv. IPM-02-03. Application of 50% RD as fertilizer + 50% RD of nitrogen (FYM) to aromatic rice recorded the highest hulling recovery (75.8 and 75.5%), milling recovery (68.0 and 68.3%), head rice recovery (60.0, 59.7%) and crude protein content (8.75 and 9.11%) during both of the years experiment being at par with application of 75% RD as fertilizer + green manuring. Economics of the system revealed the highest gross return, net return and B:C ratio by application of 50% RD as chemical fertilizer + 50% RD of nitrogen (FYM) in rice followed by 75% RD as chemical fertilizer + Rhizobium + PSB in greengram.
{"title":"Integrated nutrient management module to improve productivity and economics of short grain aromatic rice (Oryza sativa)- greengram (Vigna radiata) sequence","authors":"S MANGARAJ, R K PAIKARAY, L M GARNAYAK, S R PRADHAN, S D BEHERA","doi":"10.56093/ijas.v93i9.111116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v93i9.111116","url":null,"abstract":"The present field study was carried out during 2017–18 and 2018–19 rainy (kharif) and winter (rabi) seasons in order to examine the impact caused by integrated nutrient management (INM) on the yield and quality of the short grain aromatic rice (Oryza sativa L.)-greengram (Vigna radiata L.) combination. Two years experimental data concluded that integration of 50% recommended dose (RD) as fertilizer + 50% RD of nitrogen via farm yield manure (FYM) resulted in considerably higher economic yield (3837.1 and 3917.7 kg/ha) of short grain aromatic rice cv. Nua Acharamati which were at par with 75% RD as fertilizer + green manuring of dhaincha (3438.5 and 3539.1 kg/ha). Pooled data revealed that, residual effect of 50% RD as fertilizer + 50% RD of nitrogen (FYM) and 75% RD as fertilizer + Rhizobium + PSB in greengram recorded the highest number of pods/plant (18.2), seeds/pod (11.3), pod length (9.3 cm), test weight (32.7 g), seed yield (925.7 kg/ha) and stover yield (2240.7 kg/ha) in greengram cv. IPM-02-03. Application of 50% RD as fertilizer + 50% RD of nitrogen (FYM) to aromatic rice recorded the highest hulling recovery (75.8 and 75.5%), milling recovery (68.0 and 68.3%), head rice recovery (60.0, 59.7%) and crude protein content (8.75 and 9.11%) during both of the years experiment being at par with application of 75% RD as fertilizer + green manuring. Economics of the system revealed the highest gross return, net return and B:C ratio by application of 50% RD as chemical fertilizer + 50% RD of nitrogen (FYM) in rice followed by 75% RD as chemical fertilizer + Rhizobium + PSB in greengram.","PeriodicalId":13499,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134961070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-30DOI: 10.56093/ijas.v93i8.137199
ALOK KUMAR SINGH, D K DWIVEDI, DEVENDRA KUMAR, ASHUTOSH SINGH, SAURABH DIXIT, N A KHAN, ADESH KUMAR
A field experiment was conducted during rainy (kharif) seasons of 2021 and 2022 at research farm of Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh to find out genetic variations, trait association and path coefficient among 116 rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes based on grain yield and yield attributes. Variance analysis displayed extensive trait-wise variations across genotypes, indicated variability and opportunity for genetic selection of desirable traits. All the studied characters showed minimum influence of environment on the expression of trait and genetic factors. High heritability in broad sense (h2 b) and high to moderate genetic advance in per cent of the mean were recorded for all the characters. Genetic factors showed significant influence on the expression of traits, with high heritability and moderate genetic advance. Genotypic correlation with grain yield and path analysis revealed selection based on plant height, harvest index, biological yield per plant, flag leaf area, spikelet fertility, number of spikelets per panicle and seedling vigour will be more effective for increasing grain yield.
{"title":"Genetic variability, character association and path coefficient analysis in rice (Oryza sativa) genotypes of semi-arid region of India","authors":"ALOK KUMAR SINGH, D K DWIVEDI, DEVENDRA KUMAR, ASHUTOSH SINGH, SAURABH DIXIT, N A KHAN, ADESH KUMAR","doi":"10.56093/ijas.v93i8.137199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v93i8.137199","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted during rainy (kharif) seasons of 2021 and 2022 at research farm of Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh to find out genetic variations, trait association and path coefficient among 116 rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes based on grain yield and yield attributes. Variance analysis displayed extensive trait-wise variations across genotypes, indicated variability and opportunity for genetic selection of desirable traits. All the studied characters showed minimum influence of environment on the expression of trait and genetic factors. High heritability in broad sense (h2 b) and high to moderate genetic advance in per cent of the mean were recorded for all the characters. Genetic factors showed significant influence on the expression of traits, with high heritability and moderate genetic advance. Genotypic correlation with grain yield and path analysis revealed selection based on plant height, harvest index, biological yield per plant, flag leaf area, spikelet fertility, number of spikelets per panicle and seedling vigour will be more effective for increasing grain yield.","PeriodicalId":13499,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136119130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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