Pub Date : 2023-10-09DOI: 10.56093/ijas.v93i10.136234
MADHU H S, SUNIL KUMAR GUNRI, DEBLINA ROY, OSMAN ALI, PRATEEM BISHNU, BISWAPRIYA MALLIK
The present field study was carried out during summer season of 2020 and 2021 at Jaguli Instructional Farm, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal to study the effect of solid and foliar grade of N and K along with trace elements in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with 3 replications. In main plot; F0, control; F1, 50% RDN and K; F2, 75% RDN and K and; F3, 100% RDN and K and sub-plot T1, Starter dose of N and K @2% with 10:20 ratio + micronutrient mixture of Fe, B, Zn and Mo foliar spray at 30 DAE; T2, Booster dose of N and K @2% with 5:40 ratio + micronutrient mixture of Fe, B, Zn and Mo foliar spray at 45 and 60 DAE; and T3, Starter dose + Booster dose. Growth and yield attributes of groundnut were significantly influenced by application of inorganic fertilizer and maximum were recorded with 100% of RDN and K. Foliar applications of RDN and K with a micronutrient mixture responded better at later stages (45 and 60 DAE) than at an earlier stage (30 DAE). Higher groundnut pod yield was obtained with basal application of 100% of RDN and K but performed statistically same response to the treatment 75% of RDN and K. The pod yield increased by 5–12% with each incremental dose of inorganic fertilizer, while it decreased in control. Booster dose of N and K gave higher pod and oil yield to starter dose. Maximum BCR of 2.38 and 1.99 was found in 100% of RDN and K and in booster doses of N and K. Inorganic fertilizer as basal and foliar application + micronutrients increased the groundnut pod yield but foliar application was not substitute to any quantity of inorganic fertilizer.
{"title":"Effect of various doses of basal and foliar application of nitrogen and potassium with trace elements on summer groundnut (Arachis hypogaea)","authors":"MADHU H S, SUNIL KUMAR GUNRI, DEBLINA ROY, OSMAN ALI, PRATEEM BISHNU, BISWAPRIYA MALLIK","doi":"10.56093/ijas.v93i10.136234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v93i10.136234","url":null,"abstract":"The present field study was carried out during summer season of 2020 and 2021 at Jaguli Instructional Farm, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal to study the effect of solid and foliar grade of N and K along with trace elements in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with 3 replications. In main plot; F0, control; F1, 50% RDN and K; F2, 75% RDN and K and; F3, 100% RDN and K and sub-plot T1, Starter dose of N and K @2% with 10:20 ratio + micronutrient mixture of Fe, B, Zn and Mo foliar spray at 30 DAE; T2, Booster dose of N and K @2% with 5:40 ratio + micronutrient mixture of Fe, B, Zn and Mo foliar spray at 45 and 60 DAE; and T3, Starter dose + Booster dose. Growth and yield attributes of groundnut were significantly influenced by application of inorganic fertilizer and maximum were recorded with 100% of RDN and K. Foliar applications of RDN and K with a micronutrient mixture responded better at later stages (45 and 60 DAE) than at an earlier stage (30 DAE). Higher groundnut pod yield was obtained with basal application of 100% of RDN and K but performed statistically same response to the treatment 75% of RDN and K. The pod yield increased by 5–12% with each incremental dose of inorganic fertilizer, while it decreased in control. Booster dose of N and K gave higher pod and oil yield to starter dose. Maximum BCR of 2.38 and 1.99 was found in 100% of RDN and K and in booster doses of N and K. Inorganic fertilizer as basal and foliar application + micronutrients increased the groundnut pod yield but foliar application was not substitute to any quantity of inorganic fertilizer.","PeriodicalId":13499,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135095641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-09DOI: 10.56093/ijas.v93i10.130762
MUDE RAMYA SREE, PATIL S N, ANIL I SABARAD, AMULYA S, SANJAY K SINGH
An experiment was conducted during 2018–21 at the research farms of Kittur Rani Channamma College of Horticulture (University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot, Karnataka), Arabhavi, Karnataka to study the effect of post-shooting sprays of nutrients for improving fruit quality, antioxidant properties and shelf-life in banana (Musa sp.). Effects of potassium sulphate (SOP) @20 g/L and micro-nutrients, viz. customised micronutrient mix Arka Banana SpecialTM @5 g/L, zinc sulphate @1 g/L, boric acid @ 2 g/L, ferrous sulphate- EDTA @3 g/L and copper sulphate @2 g/L sprays in different combinations imposed at post-shooting stage were evaluated in terms of fruit quality and shelf-life after ripening in banana cv. Grand Naine. Treatment comprising of SOP @20 g/L and Arka Banana SpecialTM @5 g/L improved pulp TSS (22.300B), TSS: TA ratio (71.26), fruit firmness (5.16 lb), MSI (18.12%) and peroxidase (POD) activity (15.98ΔA470/min/g). While polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity (120.42 U/ mg protein), peel browning index (1.42), fruit weight loss (12.73%) and titratable acidity (0.31%) were declined. An increase in green life (8.22 days) and yellow life (3.93 days) of fruits by potassium application, enhancing the storage and shelf-life of the fruits. Pulp TSS was positively correlated with total sugars (0.938**), TSS: acid ratio (0.981**), shelf-life (0.955**), fruit firmness (0.931**) and MSI (0.921**), and negatively correlated with TA (-0.980**) and PPO activity (-0.967**).
{"title":"Post-shooting sprays of nutrients for improving fruit quality, antioxidant properties and shelf-life in banana (Musa sp.)","authors":"MUDE RAMYA SREE, PATIL S N, ANIL I SABARAD, AMULYA S, SANJAY K SINGH","doi":"10.56093/ijas.v93i10.130762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v93i10.130762","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was conducted during 2018–21 at the research farms of Kittur Rani Channamma College of Horticulture (University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot, Karnataka), Arabhavi, Karnataka to study the effect of post-shooting sprays of nutrients for improving fruit quality, antioxidant properties and shelf-life in banana (Musa sp.). Effects of potassium sulphate (SOP) @20 g/L and micro-nutrients, viz. customised micronutrient mix Arka Banana SpecialTM @5 g/L, zinc sulphate @1 g/L, boric acid @ 2 g/L, ferrous sulphate- EDTA @3 g/L and copper sulphate @2 g/L sprays in different combinations imposed at post-shooting stage were evaluated in terms of fruit quality and shelf-life after ripening in banana cv. Grand Naine. Treatment comprising of SOP @20 g/L and Arka Banana SpecialTM @5 g/L improved pulp TSS (22.300B), TSS: TA ratio (71.26), fruit firmness (5.16 lb), MSI (18.12%) and peroxidase (POD) activity (15.98ΔA470/min/g). While polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity (120.42 U/ mg protein), peel browning index (1.42), fruit weight loss (12.73%) and titratable acidity (0.31%) were declined. An increase in green life (8.22 days) and yellow life (3.93 days) of fruits by potassium application, enhancing the storage and shelf-life of the fruits. Pulp TSS was positively correlated with total sugars (0.938**), TSS: acid ratio (0.981**), shelf-life (0.955**), fruit firmness (0.931**) and MSI (0.921**), and negatively correlated with TA (-0.980**) and PPO activity (-0.967**).","PeriodicalId":13499,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135044557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-09DOI: 10.56093/ijas.v93i10.137402
RAGHUBAR SAHU, DHARMENDRA KUMAR, R K SOHANE, RAKESH KUMAR, ANJANI KUMAR, SANJAY KUMAR MANDAL, MUNESHWAR PRASAD, JUBULI SAHU
In eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains (EIGP), conventional rice (Oryza sativa L.)-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) system has led to a decline in total factor productivity, input-use efficiency, and profitability. A three-year (2020–2022) field experiment was conducted at the farmers’ fields in Merha village of Katoriya, Banka, Bihar on a sandy clay loam soil to evaluate the impact of crop establishment and nutrient management on production sustainability in rice-wheat cropping system. Experiments were conducted in a split-plot design and replicated thrice. The main-plot treatment had crop establishment methods, viz. (i) Broadcasting: paddy seed broadcasted manually; (ii) Dry seeding: seed drilled on moist soil; (iii) Drum-seeding: dry-seed planted using drum seeder on moist soil and; (iv) Wet-seeding: sprouted seeds broadcasted on puddle soil with variety Sabour Ardhjal in rainy (kharif) season and 4-wheat crop establishment method, viz. (i) Broadcasting in CT; (ii) Furrow irrigated raised-bed method; (iii) ZT-drill and; (iv) Seed-cum-ferti-drill machine for wheat variety HD 2967 in winter (rabi) season. The sub-plots were allotted four nutrient management treatments, viz. (i) Farmers’ practice (130:40:10 kg NPK/ha); (ii) 100% RDF (120: 60:40 kg NPK/ha); (iii) Soil- test-based nutrient management (100% chemical fertilizer-125:75:40 kg NPK/ha) and; (iv) Soil-test based nutrient management (75% chemical fertilizer-94:56:30 kg NPK/ha+25% FYM-6.2 t/ha) in wheat, and (i) Farmers practice (140:30:10 kg NPK/ha); (ii) 100% RDF (120:60:40 kg NPK/ha); (iii) Soil-test based nutrient management (100% chemical fertilizer-150:75:40 kg NPK/ha); (iv) Soil-test based nutrient management (75% chemical fertilizer-115:56:30 kg NPK/ha+25% FYM-7 t/ha) in wheat. Our results revealed that overall system productivity and profitability were higher by 44 and 155.5% in wet seeding paddy-ZT drill wheat system in comparison to broadcasting methods of rice and wheat. System productivity was significantly higher by 28.8% in soil-test based nutrient management production system as compared to the farmers' practices. Thus, to achieve better system productivity and profitability, crops may be grown with wet seeding paddy-ZT drill wheat with soil-test based nutrient management practices under eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains of eastern India.
在印度-恒河平原(EIGP)东部，传统水稻(Oryza sativa L.)-小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)系统导致全要素生产率、投入利用效率和盈利能力下降。在比哈尔邦邦卡托里亚Merha村的沙质粘土壤土农民田间进行了一项为期三年(2020-2022年)的田间试验，以评估作物种植和养分管理对稻麦种植系统生产可持续性的影响。实验采用裂区设计，重复3次。主地块处理采用栽植方式，即(1)播种法:人工播种法;干播:在潮湿的土壤上播种;(iii)鼓式播种:用鼓式播种机在潮湿的土壤上播种干种子;(iv)湿播:在雨季(kharif)用Sabour Ardhjal品种在水坑土壤上播撒发芽种子，采用4种小麦作物建立方法，即(i) CT播撒;沟灌高床法;(三)zt钻头和;(四)冬小麦品种HD 2967种肥播种机。分地块分配了四种养分管理处理，即:(i)农民实践(130:40:10 kg NPK/ha);(ii) 100% RDF (120: 60:40 kg NPK/ha);(iii)以土壤试验为基础的养分管理(100%化肥125:75:40公斤氮磷钾/公顷);(iv)基于土壤试验的小麦养分管理(75%化肥-94:56:30 kg NPK/ha+25% fmn -6.2 t/ha)，以及(i)农民实践(140:30:10 kg NPK/ha);(ii) 100% RDF (120:60:40 kg NPK/ha);(iii)基于土壤试验的养分管理(100%化肥-150:75:40 kg NPK/ha);(iv)基于土壤试验的小麦养分管理(75%化肥-115:56:30 kg NPK/ha+25% fym7 t/ha)。结果表明，与水稻和小麦的撒播方式相比，湿播稻- zt播麦系统的整体系统生产力和盈利能力分别提高了44%和155.5%。土壤试验型养分管理生产系统的系统生产力显著高于农民实践28.8%。因此，为了获得更好的系统生产力和盈利能力，可以在印度东部的印度河-恒河平原东部采用基于土壤试验的养分管理方法种植湿播水稻- zt播小麦。
{"title":"Crop establishment and nutrient management for production sustainability in rice (Oryza sativa)-wheat (Triticum aestivum) system in eastern India","authors":"RAGHUBAR SAHU, DHARMENDRA KUMAR, R K SOHANE, RAKESH KUMAR, ANJANI KUMAR, SANJAY KUMAR MANDAL, MUNESHWAR PRASAD, JUBULI SAHU","doi":"10.56093/ijas.v93i10.137402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v93i10.137402","url":null,"abstract":"In eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains (EIGP), conventional rice (Oryza sativa L.)-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) system has led to a decline in total factor productivity, input-use efficiency, and profitability. A three-year (2020–2022) field experiment was conducted at the farmers’ fields in Merha village of Katoriya, Banka, Bihar on a sandy clay loam soil to evaluate the impact of crop establishment and nutrient management on production sustainability in rice-wheat cropping system. Experiments were conducted in a split-plot design and replicated thrice. The main-plot treatment had crop establishment methods, viz. (i) Broadcasting: paddy seed broadcasted manually; (ii) Dry seeding: seed drilled on moist soil; (iii) Drum-seeding: dry-seed planted using drum seeder on moist soil and; (iv) Wet-seeding: sprouted seeds broadcasted on puddle soil with variety Sabour Ardhjal in rainy (kharif) season and 4-wheat crop establishment method, viz. (i) Broadcasting in CT; (ii) Furrow irrigated raised-bed method; (iii) ZT-drill and; (iv) Seed-cum-ferti-drill machine for wheat variety HD 2967 in winter (rabi) season. The sub-plots were allotted four nutrient management treatments, viz. (i) Farmers’ practice (130:40:10 kg NPK/ha); (ii) 100% RDF (120: 60:40 kg NPK/ha); (iii) Soil- test-based nutrient management (100% chemical fertilizer-125:75:40 kg NPK/ha) and; (iv) Soil-test based nutrient management (75% chemical fertilizer-94:56:30 kg NPK/ha+25% FYM-6.2 t/ha) in wheat, and (i) Farmers practice (140:30:10 kg NPK/ha); (ii) 100% RDF (120:60:40 kg NPK/ha); (iii) Soil-test based nutrient management (100% chemical fertilizer-150:75:40 kg NPK/ha); (iv) Soil-test based nutrient management (75% chemical fertilizer-115:56:30 kg NPK/ha+25% FYM-7 t/ha) in wheat. Our results revealed that overall system productivity and profitability were higher by 44 and 155.5% in wet seeding paddy-ZT drill wheat system in comparison to broadcasting methods of rice and wheat. System productivity was significantly higher by 28.8% in soil-test based nutrient management production system as compared to the farmers' practices. Thus, to achieve better system productivity and profitability, crops may be grown with wet seeding paddy-ZT drill wheat with soil-test based nutrient management practices under eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains of eastern India.","PeriodicalId":13499,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135094862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-09DOI: 10.56093/ijas.v93i10.140083
SASMITA TRIPATHY, S L MEENA, SHIVA DHAR, SANGEETA PAUL, SACHIN SINGH
A field experiment was conducted during winter (rabi) seasons of 2021–22 and 2022–23 at the research farm of Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi to find out the suitable cropping system with optimum row ratio and nutrient management practice in Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.] + chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) intercropping system. Cropping systems i.e. mustard sole; chickpea sole; mustard + chickpea 2:5; mustard + chickpea 5:2 was taken as main plots. Nutrient management practices i.e. control; 60 kg Nitrogen/ha; 20 kg Nitrogen through farmyard manure + leaf manure; 20 kg Nitrogen through farmyard manure + leaf manure + microbial consortia were taken as sub-plots to attain a higher degree of precision. It was observed that though the crop yields of individual crops of mustard and chickpea were the highest in sole crop, but yield of intercropping system in terms of mustard equivalent yield was found to be the highest for mustard + chickpea 5:2 row ratio. Yields of both mustard and chickpea were observed to be the highest in the plots treated with combination of organic manures and microbial consortia i.e. 20 kg nitrogen through farmyard manure + leaf manure @4 t/ha + microbial consortia. Highest gross returns, net returns and benefit-cost ratio were found in mustard + chickpea 5:2 row ratio. Analysis of intercropping indices revealed the highest intercropping advantage in mustard + chickpea 5:2 row ratio when treated with organic manures and microbial consortia. Intercropping systems had land equivalent ratio more than unity, depicting advantage. Aggressivity values showed mustard crop was dominant over chickpea.
{"title":"Effect of row ratios and organic nutrient management on productivity and economics of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) + chickpea (Cicer arietinum) intercropping system","authors":"SASMITA TRIPATHY, S L MEENA, SHIVA DHAR, SANGEETA PAUL, SACHIN SINGH","doi":"10.56093/ijas.v93i10.140083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v93i10.140083","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted during winter (rabi) seasons of 2021–22 and 2022–23 at the research farm of Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi to find out the suitable cropping system with optimum row ratio and nutrient management practice in Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.] + chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) intercropping system. Cropping systems i.e. mustard sole; chickpea sole; mustard + chickpea 2:5; mustard + chickpea 5:2 was taken as main plots. Nutrient management practices i.e. control; 60 kg Nitrogen/ha; 20 kg Nitrogen through farmyard manure + leaf manure; 20 kg Nitrogen through farmyard manure + leaf manure + microbial consortia were taken as sub-plots to attain a higher degree of precision. It was observed that though the crop yields of individual crops of mustard and chickpea were the highest in sole crop, but yield of intercropping system in terms of mustard equivalent yield was found to be the highest for mustard + chickpea 5:2 row ratio. Yields of both mustard and chickpea were observed to be the highest in the plots treated with combination of organic manures and microbial consortia i.e. 20 kg nitrogen through farmyard manure + leaf manure @4 t/ha + microbial consortia. Highest gross returns, net returns and benefit-cost ratio were found in mustard + chickpea 5:2 row ratio. Analysis of intercropping indices revealed the highest intercropping advantage in mustard + chickpea 5:2 row ratio when treated with organic manures and microbial consortia. Intercropping systems had land equivalent ratio more than unity, depicting advantage. Aggressivity values showed mustard crop was dominant over chickpea.","PeriodicalId":13499,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135095770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-09DOI: 10.56093/ijas.v93i10.110907
BANAVATH MAHESH NAIK, MRITUNJAY KUMAR, KARTHIKA M, S K SINGH, NAVANIT KUMAR, NAWAL KISHOR RAY
Our accustomed agricultural practices of tilling the soil continuously and excessive fertilizer applications caused not only a decrease in organic carbon content and soil degradation but also disturbed environmental harmony. With this backdrop, current study was carried out during rainy (kharif) seasons of 2018 and 2019 at the research farm of Trihut College of Agriculture, Dholi, Pusa, Bihar to evaluate the effect of different tillage and nutrient management practices on maize (Zea mays L.). The experiment was laid out in split-plot design with tillage as the main plot and nutrient management as the sub-plot. The results showed significantly superior maize grain yield in PB (6.1, 6.2 mg/ ha) and 60% RDN+GSGN (6.0, 5.9 mg/ha) over CT (4.9, 5.0 mg/ha) and RDF (5.1, 5.4 mg/ha) during 2018 and 2019. Similar trend was followed in stover yield, net returns and B:C ratio. Among path analysis, harvest index and no of grains/cob observed largest direct path coefficient of yield attributes to determine the maize grain yield and stover yield respectively. The results suggest that the adoption of conservation tillage and precise nutrient management practices will help in the realization of better yield with maximum profit by way of reducing the input capital apart from improving soil health thereby sustaining natural resources for future generations.
{"title":"Co-implementation of tillage and precision nutrient management practices on crop yield of kharif maize (Zea mays)","authors":"BANAVATH MAHESH NAIK, MRITUNJAY KUMAR, KARTHIKA M, S K SINGH, NAVANIT KUMAR, NAWAL KISHOR RAY","doi":"10.56093/ijas.v93i10.110907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v93i10.110907","url":null,"abstract":"Our accustomed agricultural practices of tilling the soil continuously and excessive fertilizer applications caused not only a decrease in organic carbon content and soil degradation but also disturbed environmental harmony. With this backdrop, current study was carried out during rainy (kharif) seasons of 2018 and 2019 at the research farm of Trihut College of Agriculture, Dholi, Pusa, Bihar to evaluate the effect of different tillage and nutrient management practices on maize (Zea mays L.). The experiment was laid out in split-plot design with tillage as the main plot and nutrient management as the sub-plot. The results showed significantly superior maize grain yield in PB (6.1, 6.2 mg/ ha) and 60% RDN+GSGN (6.0, 5.9 mg/ha) over CT (4.9, 5.0 mg/ha) and RDF (5.1, 5.4 mg/ha) during 2018 and 2019. Similar trend was followed in stover yield, net returns and B:C ratio. Among path analysis, harvest index and no of grains/cob observed largest direct path coefficient of yield attributes to determine the maize grain yield and stover yield respectively. The results suggest that the adoption of conservation tillage and precise nutrient management practices will help in the realization of better yield with maximum profit by way of reducing the input capital apart from improving soil health thereby sustaining natural resources for future generations.","PeriodicalId":13499,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"282 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135044682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-09DOI: 10.56093/ijas.v93i10.139067
K CHANDRAKUMARA, MUKESH K DHILLON, ADITYA K TANWAR, NAVEEN SINGH
The present study was carried out to decipher the variation in plant phytochemicals, and their effect on developmental, reproduction and survival of Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.) on diverse Brassica juncea cultivars. These studies revealed significant differences in total nymphal, reproductive and developmental periods, fecundity and offspring survival of L. erysimi on the test B. juncea cultivars. Development period was significantly longer on DRMR 150-35, PM 26, RLC 3 and PM 25, while fecundity and survival were lower on PM 27, RLC 3, NRCHB 101, RH 749, Pusa Tarak, RH 0406 and PM 30, except in a few cases. Total proteins, antioxidants, tannins, phenols and FRAP were significantly higher, and sugars lower in DRMR 150-35, RLC 3, PM 26 and NRCHB 101 as compared to other B. juncea cultivars. Total proteins, total tannins and antioxidants exhibited a significant and positive, while total sugars showed negative correlation, and explained 86.1% variability in total developmental period of L. erysimi. Total sugars revealed a significantly positive and FRAP negative correlation, explaining 35.5% variability in fecundity of L. erysimi. Furthermore, total proteins and total antioxidants also showed significant and negative correlation with offspring survival, and total phenols and antioxidants explained 28.9% variability in offspring survival of L. erysimi on the test B. juncea genotypes. Present study suggests that DRMR 150-35, RLC 3, NRCHB 101 and PM 26 have greater amounts of antinutritional plant defense compounds which adversely affect the developmental and reproductive biology of L. erysimi, and thus could be used in Brassica improvement programme for sustainable crop production.
{"title":"Phytochemicals in Brassica juncea distressing developmental and reproductive biology of mustard aphid (Lipaphis erysimi)","authors":"K CHANDRAKUMARA, MUKESH K DHILLON, ADITYA K TANWAR, NAVEEN SINGH","doi":"10.56093/ijas.v93i10.139067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v93i10.139067","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was carried out to decipher the variation in plant phytochemicals, and their effect on developmental, reproduction and survival of Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.) on diverse Brassica juncea cultivars. These studies revealed significant differences in total nymphal, reproductive and developmental periods, fecundity and offspring survival of L. erysimi on the test B. juncea cultivars. Development period was significantly longer on DRMR 150-35, PM 26, RLC 3 and PM 25, while fecundity and survival were lower on PM 27, RLC 3, NRCHB 101, RH 749, Pusa Tarak, RH 0406 and PM 30, except in a few cases. Total proteins, antioxidants, tannins, phenols and FRAP were significantly higher, and sugars lower in DRMR 150-35, RLC 3, PM 26 and NRCHB 101 as compared to other B. juncea cultivars. Total proteins, total tannins and antioxidants exhibited a significant and positive, while total sugars showed negative correlation, and explained 86.1% variability in total developmental period of L. erysimi. Total sugars revealed a significantly positive and FRAP negative correlation, explaining 35.5% variability in fecundity of L. erysimi. Furthermore, total proteins and total antioxidants also showed significant and negative correlation with offspring survival, and total phenols and antioxidants explained 28.9% variability in offspring survival of L. erysimi on the test B. juncea genotypes. Present study suggests that DRMR 150-35, RLC 3, NRCHB 101 and PM 26 have greater amounts of antinutritional plant defense compounds which adversely affect the developmental and reproductive biology of L. erysimi, and thus could be used in Brassica improvement programme for sustainable crop production.","PeriodicalId":13499,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135094996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study was carried out in the Mango orchards at Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi during 2020–2021 and 2021–2022 and aimed at analysing the population dynamics of fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis) species after putting the requisite number of methyl eugenol traps (@6 per acre). Weekly monitoring of fruit fly populations was performed and correlated with various weather parameters. Among the fruit fly species, the oriental fruit fly was found to be the most prevalent and abundant, followed by B. zonata, B. correcta, and B. cucurbitae. Fruit fly populations peaked in mango plantations between June and July, coinciding with the ripening time and the occurrence of humid conditions and rainfall. Multiple factors, including weather conditions, the presence of preferred host plants, and alternative hosts, fruits characteristics were found to influence the dynamics of fruit fly populations. The seasonal trap captures of male fruit flies showed a moderately significant negative correlation (-0.612*) with maximum but significant positive correlation with the minimum temperature (0.701**). However, a positive correlation was observed between relative humidity (r = 0.924**) and rainfall (r = 0.721**) with the fluctuations of fruit fly populations across all the monitored orchard sites.
{"title":"Population dynamics of fruit flies and correlation matrix with weather and host variables in mango (Mangifera indica) orchards","authors":"MEGHA R, SANJAY K SINGH, MANISH SRIVASTAV, VINAY KALIA, NIMISHA SHARMA, CHAVLESH KUMAR, NARENDRA SINGH","doi":"10.56093/ijas.v93i10.138967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v93i10.138967","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was carried out in the Mango orchards at Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi during 2020–2021 and 2021–2022 and aimed at analysing the population dynamics of fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis) species after putting the requisite number of methyl eugenol traps (@6 per acre). Weekly monitoring of fruit fly populations was performed and correlated with various weather parameters. Among the fruit fly species, the oriental fruit fly was found to be the most prevalent and abundant, followed by B. zonata, B. correcta, and B. cucurbitae. Fruit fly populations peaked in mango plantations between June and July, coinciding with the ripening time and the occurrence of humid conditions and rainfall. Multiple factors, including weather conditions, the presence of preferred host plants, and alternative hosts, fruits characteristics were found to influence the dynamics of fruit fly populations. The seasonal trap captures of male fruit flies showed a moderately significant negative correlation (-0.612*) with maximum but significant positive correlation with the minimum temperature (0.701**). However, a positive correlation was observed between relative humidity (r = 0.924**) and rainfall (r = 0.721**) with the fluctuations of fruit fly populations across all the monitored orchard sites.","PeriodicalId":13499,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135095727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-09DOI: 10.56093/ijas.v93i10.132791
GULAB CHOUDHARY, L N BAIRWA, O P GARHWAL, P K KASWAN, RAJESH CHOUDHARY, M L CHOPRA, MANJU NETWAL
An experiment was conducted during winter (rabi) seasons of 2020–21 and 2021–22 at Horticulture farm of Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University, Jobner, Jaipur, Rajasthan to determine the effect of transplanting date, cultivar and zinc application method on growth, yield and quality of onion (Allium cepa L.). Experiment was conducted in split-plot design and replicated thrice. The treatments consist of 2 transplanting dates, viz. 10th December and 01st January; and 3 cultivars, viz. RO-01, RO-59 and Bhima Shakti were kept in main plot; and in sub- plots, 4 methods of zinc application, viz. control, soil application of ZnSO4 @25 kg/ha, dipping of onion seedlings in zinc solubilizer solution before transplanting and foliage spray of ZnSO4 @0.5% at 30 and 45 days after transplanting were kept. Significantly higher plant growth, bulb yield (416.8, 358.0 and 387.4 q/ha) and quality of onion were recorded in 01st January transplanting date. Among the cultivars, significantly higher plant growth, bulb yield (417.5, 358.4 and 388.0 q/ha) and quality of onion were recorded in Bhima Shakti but these parameters were at par with RO-59. In zinc application methods, significantly higher plant growth, bulb yield (41.5, 35.8 and 38.7 t/ha) and quality of onion were noticed under foliar application of ZnSO4 @0.5% but these were found at par with soil application of ZnSO4. Thus, the conclusion of findings was that the transplanting of Bhima Shakti cultivar on 01st January and with foliar application of ZnSO4 @0.5% had the potential effect to increase onion performance.
{"title":"Impact of transplanting dates, cultivars and zinc on performance of onion (Allium cepa)","authors":"GULAB CHOUDHARY, L N BAIRWA, O P GARHWAL, P K KASWAN, RAJESH CHOUDHARY, M L CHOPRA, MANJU NETWAL","doi":"10.56093/ijas.v93i10.132791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v93i10.132791","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was conducted during winter (rabi) seasons of 2020–21 and 2021–22 at Horticulture farm of Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University, Jobner, Jaipur, Rajasthan to determine the effect of transplanting date, cultivar and zinc application method on growth, yield and quality of onion (Allium cepa L.). Experiment was conducted in split-plot design and replicated thrice. The treatments consist of 2 transplanting dates, viz. 10th December and 01st January; and 3 cultivars, viz. RO-01, RO-59 and Bhima Shakti were kept in main plot; and in sub- plots, 4 methods of zinc application, viz. control, soil application of ZnSO4 @25 kg/ha, dipping of onion seedlings in zinc solubilizer solution before transplanting and foliage spray of ZnSO4 @0.5% at 30 and 45 days after transplanting were kept. Significantly higher plant growth, bulb yield (416.8, 358.0 and 387.4 q/ha) and quality of onion were recorded in 01st January transplanting date. Among the cultivars, significantly higher plant growth, bulb yield (417.5, 358.4 and 388.0 q/ha) and quality of onion were recorded in Bhima Shakti but these parameters were at par with RO-59. In zinc application methods, significantly higher plant growth, bulb yield (41.5, 35.8 and 38.7 t/ha) and quality of onion were noticed under foliar application of ZnSO4 @0.5% but these were found at par with soil application of ZnSO4. Thus, the conclusion of findings was that the transplanting of Bhima Shakti cultivar on 01st January and with foliar application of ZnSO4 @0.5% had the potential effect to increase onion performance.","PeriodicalId":13499,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135094892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-09DOI: 10.56093/ijas.v93i10.140007
SANTOSH KUMARI, SATPAL BALODA, RAJESH MOR, None AKSHAY, SOURABH JAKHAR, M L JAT, SONU KUMAR, None JAIPAL
A study was carried out during 2020–21 and 2021–22 at the research farm of Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana to investigate efficacy of different fertilizers on yield, yield attributing characters and biochemical parameter on pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) cv. Bhagwa. Different doses of RDF 50%, 75%, 100% FYM, biofertilizers were evaluated against control by following randomized complete block design, 22 treatments with 3 replications. The results revealed that yield parameters, viz. fruit weight (260.83 g), aril weight (168.00 g), rind weight (92.83g), rind thickness (3.63 mm), fruit length (6.64 cm) and fruit diameter width (4.82 cm), number of fruits per tree (105.61), yield (27.55 kg/tree), fruit firmness (28.76 lb/inch2), fruit cracking (26.17%), fruit set (42.30%), fruit retention (76.19%), fruit drop (23.81%); and biochemical parameters, viz. juice content (35.23%), TSS (14.15 °Brix), acidity (0.82%) and TSS acid ratio (17.37), total sugar (12.06%), reducing sugar (9.86%), non- reducing sugar (2.31%), sugar: acid ratio (41.00) ascorbic acid (16.79 mg/100 g) and anthocyanin content (4.94 mg/100 g) were significantly affected by different organic amendments and biofertilizers treatment against control. Treatment T21-100% RDF + FYM + Azotobacter + PSB proved most effective in enhancing yield attributing characters and biochemical parameters of pomegranate. This treatment gave best result by increasing the nutritional status of the plant through the beneficial effects of different fertilizers.
{"title":"Response of nutrient supplementation through INM on yield and quality parameters of pomegranate (Punica granatum)","authors":"SANTOSH KUMARI, SATPAL BALODA, RAJESH MOR, None AKSHAY, SOURABH JAKHAR, M L JAT, SONU KUMAR, None JAIPAL","doi":"10.56093/ijas.v93i10.140007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v93i10.140007","url":null,"abstract":"A study was carried out during 2020–21 and 2021–22 at the research farm of Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana to investigate efficacy of different fertilizers on yield, yield attributing characters and biochemical parameter on pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) cv. Bhagwa. Different doses of RDF 50%, 75%, 100% FYM, biofertilizers were evaluated against control by following randomized complete block design, 22 treatments with 3 replications. The results revealed that yield parameters, viz. fruit weight (260.83 g), aril weight (168.00 g), rind weight (92.83g), rind thickness (3.63 mm), fruit length (6.64 cm) and fruit diameter width (4.82 cm), number of fruits per tree (105.61), yield (27.55 kg/tree), fruit firmness (28.76 lb/inch2), fruit cracking (26.17%), fruit set (42.30%), fruit retention (76.19%), fruit drop (23.81%); and biochemical parameters, viz. juice content (35.23%), TSS (14.15 °Brix), acidity (0.82%) and TSS acid ratio (17.37), total sugar (12.06%), reducing sugar (9.86%), non- reducing sugar (2.31%), sugar: acid ratio (41.00) ascorbic acid (16.79 mg/100 g) and anthocyanin content (4.94 mg/100 g) were significantly affected by different organic amendments and biofertilizers treatment against control. Treatment T21-100% RDF + FYM + Azotobacter + PSB proved most effective in enhancing yield attributing characters and biochemical parameters of pomegranate. This treatment gave best result by increasing the nutritional status of the plant through the beneficial effects of different fertilizers.","PeriodicalId":13499,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135095487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The symbiotic association of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) with rhizobia plays a pivotal role in plants’ growth and development. The present study was carried out at Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh during 2018–2020 to explore the diversity of rhizobia present in the Cajanus cajan root under Inceptisols and identify an elite strain that exhibits exceptional plant growth promotion and of nitrogenase activity for efficient nitrogen fixation. The bacterial identification using 16s rDNA sequencing revealed bacteria strains Bradyrhizobium japonicum (S12), Bradyrhizobium subterraneum (S1, S7, S8, S10, S13), Bradyrhizobium yuanmingense (S2, S3, S4, S6, S9, S11) while two bacteria were the endophytes identified as Pseudomonas azotoformans (S5) and Paenibacillus seodonensis (S15). Genetic diversity using UPGMA clustering revealed remarkable genetic variations, classifying 14 strains into three primary clusters and four secondary clusters. Strains S1, S3, S6, S9, and S13 exhibited elevated nitrogenase activity, indicative of their proficient nitrogen fixation capability. In plant growth experiments, all strains demonstrated significant growth of the plants compared to control. The notable growth enhancement by these five strains can be attributed to their remarkable efficiency in nitrogen fixation, as indicated by significantly higher nodule formation and nitrogenase activity. These findings provide valuable insights for identifying potential rhizobial inoculants to enhance pigeonpea productivity.
{"title":"Genetic diversity assessment and selection of Bradyrhizobium strains for Inceptisols based on symbiotic performance","authors":"SANTOSH KUMAR, PREETI SINGH, SHIV CHARAN KUMAR, NITISH RANJAN PRAKASH, UMAKANT BANJARE, ARUN KUMAR PATEL, VISHAL TYAGI, RAMESH KUMAR SINGH","doi":"10.56093/ijas.v93i10.140808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v93i10.140808","url":null,"abstract":"The symbiotic association of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) with rhizobia plays a pivotal role in plants’ growth and development. The present study was carried out at Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh during 2018–2020 to explore the diversity of rhizobia present in the Cajanus cajan root under Inceptisols and identify an elite strain that exhibits exceptional plant growth promotion and of nitrogenase activity for efficient nitrogen fixation. The bacterial identification using 16s rDNA sequencing revealed bacteria strains Bradyrhizobium japonicum (S12), Bradyrhizobium subterraneum (S1, S7, S8, S10, S13), Bradyrhizobium yuanmingense (S2, S3, S4, S6, S9, S11) while two bacteria were the endophytes identified as Pseudomonas azotoformans (S5) and Paenibacillus seodonensis (S15). Genetic diversity using UPGMA clustering revealed remarkable genetic variations, classifying 14 strains into three primary clusters and four secondary clusters. Strains S1, S3, S6, S9, and S13 exhibited elevated nitrogenase activity, indicative of their proficient nitrogen fixation capability. In plant growth experiments, all strains demonstrated significant growth of the plants compared to control. The notable growth enhancement by these five strains can be attributed to their remarkable efficiency in nitrogen fixation, as indicated by significantly higher nodule formation and nitrogenase activity. These findings provide valuable insights for identifying potential rhizobial inoculants to enhance pigeonpea productivity.","PeriodicalId":13499,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135094803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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