Pub Date : 2020-01-07DOI: 10.24114/IJCST.V2I1.12366
Zona Octarya, Fitri Refelita, Novia Rahim
Jatropha curcas L is widely planted in people's homes. Jatropha has many bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and alkaloids. In this research, phytochemical tests and antimicrobial activities of sap and water extraction of Jatropha curcas L leaves on Candida albicans, Aspergillus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were carried out. The results of the phytochemical test of sap and water extraction of leaves showed positive results in the test of flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids and tannins. While steroid testing showed negative results. The antimicrobial capabilities of sap and water extraction of leaves to Aspergillus were 10.5 mm and 11 mm and to Pseudomonas Aeruginosa were 15 mm and 11 mm. Whereas the antimicrobial ability of sap and water extraction of leaf to Candida albicans was negative. In this case, it means that Pseudomonas aeruginosa is including microbes that are sensitive to antimicrobial origin of plants.
{"title":"Antimicrobial Activities of Bioactive Compounds from Jatropha curcas","authors":"Zona Octarya, Fitri Refelita, Novia Rahim","doi":"10.24114/IJCST.V2I1.12366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24114/IJCST.V2I1.12366","url":null,"abstract":"Jatropha curcas L is widely planted in people's homes. Jatropha has many bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and alkaloids. In this research, phytochemical tests and antimicrobial activities of sap and water extraction of Jatropha curcas L leaves on Candida albicans, Aspergillus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were carried out. The results of the phytochemical test of sap and water extraction of leaves showed positive results in the test of flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids and tannins. While steroid testing showed negative results. The antimicrobial capabilities of sap and water extraction of leaves to Aspergillus were 10.5 mm and 11 mm and to Pseudomonas Aeruginosa were 15 mm and 11 mm. Whereas the antimicrobial ability of sap and water extraction of leaf to Candida albicans was negative. In this case, it means that Pseudomonas aeruginosa is including microbes that are sensitive to antimicrobial origin of plants.","PeriodicalId":13519,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science and Technology (IJCST)","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83936356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-07DOI: 10.24114/IJCST.V2I1.12370
Kurnia Nur Addina, Lazulva Lazulva
This study aims to determine the potential of pineapple crown waste to be used as natural fuel in the form of biobriquettes, The research method used in this study is an experimental method. The research carried out in several stages, namely collection of raw materials, dehydration of raw materials, carbonization, crushing and screening, mixing binder, molding and compressing, drying and briquettes quality determining. The research findings showed that the bio-briquette quality of pineapple crown was 5.2-2.2% based on water content test, kabout 200-150 minutes, heating a liter water wiyh 200 grams bio-briquette was 23-15 minutes. All results of bio-briquette quality test of pineapple crown passed the SNI 06-3730-1995.
{"title":"Potential of Bio-briquette of Pineapple Crown Waste (Ananas comosus (L.) merr","authors":"Kurnia Nur Addina, Lazulva Lazulva","doi":"10.24114/IJCST.V2I1.12370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24114/IJCST.V2I1.12370","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to determine the potential of pineapple crown waste to be used as natural fuel in the form of biobriquettes, The research method used in this study is an experimental method. The research carried out in several stages, namely collection of raw materials, dehydration of raw materials, carbonization, crushing and screening, mixing binder, molding and compressing, drying and briquettes quality determining. The research findings showed that the bio-briquette quality of pineapple crown was 5.2-2.2% based on water content test, kabout 200-150 minutes, heating a liter water wiyh 200 grams bio-briquette was 23-15 minutes. All results of bio-briquette quality test of pineapple crown passed the SNI 06-3730-1995.","PeriodicalId":13519,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science and Technology (IJCST)","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83155068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-12DOI: 10.24114/ijcst.v2i2.13995
R. Rahimah, A. Fadli, Yelmida Yelmida, N. Nurfajriani, Z. Zakwan
Magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles becomes a new innovation that gets attention of biomedicine scientists. Magnetite can be applied to cancer treatment as a drug carrier because it’s good biocompatibility and very low toxicity. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of temperature and retention time on the magnetite particle characteristics prepared by co-precipitation method. The first, FeCl3 and FeCl2 with 2:1 mole ratio were reacted with 10% NH4OH at 40 - 80°C temperatures during 1 – 30 minutes in a beaker glass. Subsequently, the precipitate was separated using filter paper and it dried into air oven at 100°C. The characteristic of obtained magnetite powder were determined using XRD and SEM. From XRD pattern indicates that magnetite formed at all temperatures with crystallite diameter in the range of 7-13 nm. The SEM results indicate the agglomeration of the magnetite particles with size in the range of 1.37 to 1.72 μm. In the other hand, the higher of temperature and retention time will make the agglomeration of the particles become more uniform. The increasing of temperature and the retention time will increase the magnetite crystallinity level.
{"title":"Synthesis and Characterization Nanomagnetite by Co-precipitation","authors":"R. Rahimah, A. Fadli, Yelmida Yelmida, N. Nurfajriani, Z. Zakwan","doi":"10.24114/ijcst.v2i2.13995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24114/ijcst.v2i2.13995","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles becomes a new innovation that gets attention of biomedicine scientists. Magnetite can be applied to cancer treatment as a drug carrier because it’s good biocompatibility and very low toxicity. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of temperature and retention time on the magnetite particle characteristics prepared by co-precipitation method. The first, FeCl3 and FeCl2 with 2:1 mole ratio were reacted with 10% NH4OH at 40 - 80°C temperatures during 1 – 30 minutes in a beaker glass. Subsequently, the precipitate was separated using filter paper and it dried into air oven at 100°C. The characteristic of obtained magnetite powder were determined using XRD and SEM. From XRD pattern indicates that magnetite formed at all temperatures with crystallite diameter in the range of 7-13 nm. The SEM results indicate the agglomeration of the magnetite particles with size in the range of 1.37 to 1.72 μm. In the other hand, the higher of temperature and retention time will make the agglomeration of the particles become more uniform. The increasing of temperature and the retention time will increase the magnetite crystallinity level.","PeriodicalId":13519,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science and Technology (IJCST)","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87203478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-12DOI: 10.24114/ijcst.v2i2.13996
M. Amin, Sefri Wahyu Fernando Gultom, Fitrisia Krisa Bella, P. Luthan
Water hyacinth is aquatic weed plant that has medium fiber content with length about 1.75 – 2.12 mm and diameter about 11.15 – 11.65 μm in its stem. Water hyacinth contains 90% of water by weight reduction from 10 Kg when wet to 1 Kg when dry. In dry conditions, water hyacinth contains crude protein 13.03%, crude fiber 20.6%, fat 1.1%, ash 23.8% and the rest is vortex that contains polysaccharides and minerals. Research was done to obtain the design of heat absorbing product that modified with additional of water hyacinth. The method that was uesd begin with drying water hyacinth to obtain good fiber. water hyacinth fibers then mixed with cement and sand which are made as composites in order to reduce the heat of room. The result of the research is make a product that can overcome thermal comfort problems in deep room temperature condition. Water hyacinth was chosen because it is easy to obtain, cheap and can reduce environmental pollution (biodegradability) so that the composite can overcome environment ptoblem and its used doesn’t endanger health. Based on the test result by providing a heat source of 40 Watt bulb lamp to the media for 15 minutes, it was found that the final temperature of the media 1 without additional of water hyacinth fiber was 32.5oC, final temperature of media 2 with additional of 100 gr water hyacinth was 32.2oC, and the final temperature of media 3 with additional 150 gr water hyacinth was 31.7oC. it shows heat temperature that is released and cannot be absorbed by composite in media 3 is only 0.50C, in meida 2 is only 10C while in composite in media 1 without additional of water hyacinth fiber that release heat about 1.3oC. it shows that the product is suitable to use because composite with additional of water hyacinth can absorb heat and release less heat compared to composite without additional water hyacinth fiber so that the room become cooler.
{"title":"Using Water Hyacinth Fiber ( Eichhornia Crassipes) as Heat Absorbers Media In Wall","authors":"M. Amin, Sefri Wahyu Fernando Gultom, Fitrisia Krisa Bella, P. Luthan","doi":"10.24114/ijcst.v2i2.13996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24114/ijcst.v2i2.13996","url":null,"abstract":"Water hyacinth is aquatic weed plant that has medium fiber content with length about 1.75 – 2.12 mm and diameter about 11.15 – 11.65 μm in its stem. Water hyacinth contains 90% of water by weight reduction from 10 Kg when wet to 1 Kg when dry. In dry conditions, water hyacinth contains crude protein 13.03%, crude fiber 20.6%, fat 1.1%, ash 23.8% and the rest is vortex that contains polysaccharides and minerals. Research was done to obtain the design of heat absorbing product that modified with additional of water hyacinth. The method that was uesd begin with drying water hyacinth to obtain good fiber. water hyacinth fibers then mixed with cement and sand which are made as composites in order to reduce the heat of room. The result of the research is make a product that can overcome thermal comfort problems in deep room temperature condition. Water hyacinth was chosen because it is easy to obtain, cheap and can reduce environmental pollution (biodegradability) so that the composite can overcome environment ptoblem and its used doesn’t endanger health. Based on the test result by providing a heat source of 40 Watt bulb lamp to the media for 15 minutes, it was found that the final temperature of the media 1 without additional of water hyacinth fiber was 32.5oC, final temperature of media 2 with additional of 100 gr water hyacinth was 32.2oC, and the final temperature of media 3 with additional 150 gr water hyacinth was 31.7oC. it shows heat temperature that is released and cannot be absorbed by composite in media 3 is only 0.50C, in meida 2 is only 10C while in composite in media 1 without additional of water hyacinth fiber that release heat about 1.3oC. it shows that the product is suitable to use because composite with additional of water hyacinth can absorb heat and release less heat compared to composite without additional water hyacinth fiber so that the room become cooler.","PeriodicalId":13519,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science and Technology (IJCST)","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73252519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-12DOI: 10.24114/ijcst.v2i2.14001
Tiamina Nasution, Akhir Mauludin Pulungan, Yuli Asih Wiliranti, J. Sihombing, A. Pulungan
In this study, biodiesel synthesis was carried out using Z-AH and Z-OH Zeolite catalysts to obtain a cheaper and environmentally friendly process. The catalysts were prepared from Sarulla Indonesian natural zeolite (Z-AS) through a chemical activation process with certain HCl 3 M and NaOH 2 M, then calcined at 500°C with Nitrogen gas for 4 hours to obtain Z-AH ang Z-OH catalyst. The catalysts were characterized by FT-IR and XRD. The conversion of rubber seed oil into biodiesel was carried out at temperature of 30 oC, 60 oC and 90 oC. The ratio of methanol: rubber seed oil is 6: 1 (v / v) and the catalyst concentration used is 1% wt. The XRD and FTIR data show that Z-AS activation increases the crystallinity of zeolite and does not damage the zeolite skeletal structure.The Z-AH catalyst has a better catalytic activity than the Z-OH catalyst with the conversion value of the biodiesel product obtained at 69.79%.
在本研究中，采用Z-AH和Z-OH沸石催化剂进行生物柴油的合成，以获得更便宜和环保的工艺。以印尼Sarulla天然沸石(Z-AS)为原料，用一定量的HCl 3 M和NaOH 2 M进行化学活化，然后在500℃下用氮气煅烧4 h，得到Z-AH和Z-OH催化剂。采用FT-IR和XRD对催化剂进行了表征。橡胶籽油在30℃、60℃和90℃的温度下转化为生物柴油。甲醇与橡胶籽油的比例为6:1 (v / v)，催化剂浓度为1% wt。XRD和FTIR数据表明，活化Z-AS提高了沸石的结晶度，且不破坏沸石的骨架结构。Z-AH催化剂的催化活性优于Z-OH催化剂，生物柴油产品的转化率为69.79%。
{"title":"Synthesis of Biodiesel From Rubber Seed Oil with Acid and Base Activated Natural Zeolite Catalyst","authors":"Tiamina Nasution, Akhir Mauludin Pulungan, Yuli Asih Wiliranti, J. Sihombing, A. Pulungan","doi":"10.24114/ijcst.v2i2.14001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24114/ijcst.v2i2.14001","url":null,"abstract":" In this study, biodiesel synthesis was carried out using Z-AH and Z-OH Zeolite catalysts to obtain a cheaper and environmentally friendly process. The catalysts were prepared from Sarulla Indonesian natural zeolite (Z-AS) through a chemical activation process with certain HCl 3 M and NaOH 2 M, then calcined at 500°C with Nitrogen gas for 4 hours to obtain Z-AH ang Z-OH catalyst. The catalysts were characterized by FT-IR and XRD. The conversion of rubber seed oil into biodiesel was carried out at temperature of 30 oC, 60 oC and 90 oC. The ratio of methanol: rubber seed oil is 6: 1 (v / v) and the catalyst concentration used is 1% wt. The XRD and FTIR data show that Z-AS activation increases the crystallinity of zeolite and does not damage the zeolite skeletal structure.The Z-AH catalyst has a better catalytic activity than the Z-OH catalyst with the conversion value of the biodiesel product obtained at 69.79%.","PeriodicalId":13519,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science and Technology (IJCST)","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80446085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-12DOI: 10.24114/ijcst.v2i2.14000
Thomson A.S. Girsang, V. Apriyani, Desti S.N Pasaribu, Lisnawaty Simatupang
Volcanic ash contains minerals needed by soil and plants with the highest composition of total elements, namely Ca, Na, K and Mg, other macro elements in the form of P and S, while micro elements consist of Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu. The layer of volcanic dust that has the potential to contain nutrients for soil fertilization for agriculture can actually only be used about 10 years after the spread of volcanic ash. Soil fertilization can be accelerated if mixed with organic materials such as by using chicken manure fertilizer which has nutrients from chicken manure: N = 1.7%, P2O5 = 1.9%, K2O = 1.5%. Humic acid helps regulate clay and soil improvement, binds and transfers micro elements from the soil to plants, increases water absorption, and stimulates the development of microorganisms in the soil. Therefore, this study was conducted to make humic silica fertilizer in the planting medium by utilizing volcanic ash in combination with chicken manure mixed with soil. In this study apart from being a source of humic acid, chicken manure is also beneficial because it contains microorganisms which will be useful in accelerating the fertilizer incubation process. The composition of the fertilizer mixture used in this study is: volcanic ash sinabung: chicken manure: soil = 20: 50: 30; 30: 50:20; 40: 50: 10. The mixture is stirred evenly and then incubated for 30 days. After 30 days, the nutrient content of these fertilizers was tested and the highest content of the nutrients obtained in the combination was 20:50:30 namely: Organic C-1.35%, N-total 0.2%, P-available 20.16 ppm , K-available 0.527 me / 100g, C / N 6.75%, and humic acid contained in 3.925%
火山灰中含有土壤和植物所需的矿物质，总元素含量最高，即Ca、Na、K和Mg，其他宏量元素以P和S的形式存在，微量元素包括Fe、Mn、Zn、Cu。火山灰层有可能含有用于农业土壤施肥的营养物质，实际上只能在火山灰扩散后10年左右使用。鸡粪肥是一种有机肥，其营养成分N = 1.7%， P2O5 = 1.9%， K2O = 1.5%，与有机肥混合可加速土壤施肥。腐植酸有助于调节粘土和土壤的改善，将土壤中的微量元素结合并转移到植物中，增加水分吸收，并刺激土壤中微生物的发育。因此，本研究利用火山灰与鸡粪混合土壤，在种植介质中制备腐殖质硅肥。在这项研究中，除了作为腐植酸的来源外，鸡粪也是有益的，因为它含有有助于加速肥料孵化过程的微生物。本研究使用的混合肥料组成为:火山灰:鸡粪:土壤= 20:50:30;30: 50:20;40:50: 10。搅拌均匀后孵育30天。30 d后，对各肥料进行养分含量测定，得到的最高养分含量为20:50:30，即有机碳1.35%，全氮0.2%，速效磷20.16 ppm，速效钾0.527 me / 100g, C / N 6.75%，腐植酸含量3.925%
{"title":"Application of Humid Silica Plus Fertilizer with Various Combinations of Planting Media","authors":"Thomson A.S. Girsang, V. Apriyani, Desti S.N Pasaribu, Lisnawaty Simatupang","doi":"10.24114/ijcst.v2i2.14000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24114/ijcst.v2i2.14000","url":null,"abstract":"Volcanic ash contains minerals needed by soil and plants with the highest composition of total elements, namely Ca, Na, K and Mg, other macro elements in the form of P and S, while micro elements consist of Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu. The layer of volcanic dust that has the potential to contain nutrients for soil fertilization for agriculture can actually only be used about 10 years after the spread of volcanic ash. Soil fertilization can be accelerated if mixed with organic materials such as by using chicken manure fertilizer which has nutrients from chicken manure: N = 1.7%, P2O5 = 1.9%, K2O = 1.5%. Humic acid helps regulate clay and soil improvement, binds and transfers micro elements from the soil to plants, increases water absorption, and stimulates the development of microorganisms in the soil. Therefore, this study was conducted to make humic silica fertilizer in the planting medium by utilizing volcanic ash in combination with chicken manure mixed with soil. In this study apart from being a source of humic acid, chicken manure is also beneficial because it contains microorganisms which will be useful in accelerating the fertilizer incubation process. The composition of the fertilizer mixture used in this study is: volcanic ash sinabung: chicken manure: soil = 20: 50: 30; 30: 50:20; 40: 50: 10. The mixture is stirred evenly and then incubated for 30 days. After 30 days, the nutrient content of these fertilizers was tested and the highest content of the nutrients obtained in the combination was 20:50:30 namely: Organic C-1.35%, N-total 0.2%, P-available 20.16 ppm , K-available 0.527 me / 100g, C / N 6.75%, and humic acid contained in 3.925%","PeriodicalId":13519,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science and Technology (IJCST)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87770667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-12DOI: 10.24114/ijcst.v2i2.13998
V. Apriyani, Thomson A.S. Girsang, Ribka J Sirait, Lisnawaty Simatupang
Volcanic ash from Mount Sinabung has a large silica (SiO2) content of 69,93% and contains minerals needed by soil and plants. This potential cannot be directly utilized due to the acidic nature of volcanic ash which can damage plants. To be used as fertilizer, the process can be accelerated by adding humic acid from chicken manure. So the purpose of this study is to manufacture humic silica fertilizer by combining volcanic ash with humic acid from chicken manure and and the characteristics of humic silica fertilizer. In this study a method of extracting humic acid from chicken manure was used using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) 0,25 M solution and mixing volcanic ash with humic acid. The results of humic acid extract from chicken manure were then combined with volcanic ash from sinabung. Nutrients from the combination obtained at variation 60:40 with the highest organic C were 1.37%, N total 0.24%, Phosphate 20.64 ppm and Potassium 0.664 me / 100g with pH fertilizer 6 and crumb texture and free neutral which indicates the fertilizer is ready to use.
锡纳朋火山的火山灰含有大量二氧化硅(SiO2)，含量高达69.93%，其中含有土壤和植物所需的矿物质。这种潜力不能直接利用，因为火山灰的酸性会损害植物。作为肥料，加入鸡粪中的腐植酸可以加速这一过程。因此，本研究的目的是利用火山灰与鸡粪中的腐植酸结合，制备腐植酸硅肥，并分析腐植酸硅肥的特性。采用氢氧化钠(NaOH) 0,25 M溶液，将火山灰与腐植酸混合，从鸡粪中提取腐植酸。然后将鸡粪腐植酸提取液与锡纳朋火山的火山灰相结合。在60:40变化条件下，有机碳最高的组合为1.37%，总氮为0.24%，磷酸盐为20.64 ppm，钾为0.664 me / 100g, pH值为6，颗粒状，游离中性，表明肥料可以使用。
{"title":"Combination of Sinabung Volcanic Ash and Humic Acid Against Characteristics of Humid Silica Fertilizers","authors":"V. Apriyani, Thomson A.S. Girsang, Ribka J Sirait, Lisnawaty Simatupang","doi":"10.24114/ijcst.v2i2.13998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24114/ijcst.v2i2.13998","url":null,"abstract":"Volcanic ash from Mount Sinabung has a large silica (SiO2) content of 69,93% and contains minerals needed by soil and plants. This potential cannot be directly utilized due to the acidic nature of volcanic ash which can damage plants. To be used as fertilizer, the process can be accelerated by adding humic acid from chicken manure. So the purpose of this study is to manufacture humic silica fertilizer by combining volcanic ash with humic acid from chicken manure and and the characteristics of humic silica fertilizer. In this study a method of extracting humic acid from chicken manure was used using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) 0,25 M solution and mixing volcanic ash with humic acid. The results of humic acid extract from chicken manure were then combined with volcanic ash from sinabung. Nutrients from the combination obtained at variation 60:40 with the highest organic C were 1.37%, N total 0.24%, Phosphate 20.64 ppm and Potassium 0.664 me / 100g with pH fertilizer 6 and crumb texture and free neutral which indicates the fertilizer is ready to use.","PeriodicalId":13519,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science and Technology (IJCST)","volume":"112 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79695219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-12DOI: 10.24114/ijcst.v2i2.13997
Sri Adelila Sari, Suriati Nilmarito
Natural indicators are indicators that are continuously developed to determine whether a sample is acidic or basic. This study examined how red spinach can be developed into an environmentally friendly acid-base indicator that intends to be non-toxic, easy to obtain, and affordable. The natural indicator used in this study was red spinach leaf extract (Alternanthera amoena voss). The samples used were salt water, tea, pineapple, detergent, and oranges. Red spinach leaf extract was dropped on each sample which had a volume of 150mL resulting in a color change. The results of this study indicated that red discoloration occurs in samples of salt water, tea, oranges, and pineapples according to their acidic properties. Furthermore, detergent water turned to a bluish green color, and according to the basic properties of a detergent. This study concluded that red spinach leaf extract can be used as an environmental friendly natural indicator.
{"title":"Red Spinach (Alternanthera amoena voss) as an Environmental Friendly Acid Base Indicator","authors":"Sri Adelila Sari, Suriati Nilmarito","doi":"10.24114/ijcst.v2i2.13997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24114/ijcst.v2i2.13997","url":null,"abstract":"Natural indicators are indicators that are continuously developed to determine whether a sample is acidic or basic. This study examined how red spinach can be developed into an environmentally friendly acid-base indicator that intends to be non-toxic, easy to obtain, and affordable. The natural indicator used in this study was red spinach leaf extract (Alternanthera amoena voss). The samples used were salt water, tea, pineapple, detergent, and oranges. Red spinach leaf extract was dropped on each sample which had a volume of 150mL resulting in a color change. The results of this study indicated that red discoloration occurs in samples of salt water, tea, oranges, and pineapples according to their acidic properties. Furthermore, detergent water turned to a bluish green color, and according to the basic properties of a detergent. This study concluded that red spinach leaf extract can be used as an environmental friendly natural indicator.","PeriodicalId":13519,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science and Technology (IJCST)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85539236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-12DOI: 10.24114/ijcst.v2i2.13999
Dian Wardana, A. Ramadhan, Dinda Prihatini Fitri Amne, E. Eddiyanto
The development of biodiesel which is currently increasing has helped increase glycerol as a by-product. The glycerol can be obtained from a transesterification reaction in either vegetable or animal oils or fats and even used cooking oil. Glycerol buildup without further processing can reduce the selling price of glycerol. One solution to overcome this is to convert it to surfactants such as glycerol esters which are widely used in various industries such as chemistry, food, cosmetics, medicine and textiles. This study aims to utilize used cooking oil as a source of glycerol used in the synthesis of glycerol ester surfactants, as well as to compare the quality of glycerol ester surfactants produced by the use of commercial glycerol. The process begins by isolating glycerol from used cooking oil and then purifying it to improve its quality. Then glycerol ester was synthesized by using stearic acid, palmitic acid and oleic acid at reaction times of 120, 150 and 180 minutes. The highest yield of ester glycerol produced was at the reaction time of 180 minutes for each use of fatty acids. The test results showed that the glycerol ester produced was able to reduce the surface tension of the water. The value of hydrophylic-lipophylic balance (HLB) is not much different in the range of 5, and the use of various fatty acids and different sources of glycerol results in % of the stability of different emulsions.
{"title":"Utilization of Glycerol from Used Oil as an Ester Glycerol Surfactant","authors":"Dian Wardana, A. Ramadhan, Dinda Prihatini Fitri Amne, E. Eddiyanto","doi":"10.24114/ijcst.v2i2.13999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24114/ijcst.v2i2.13999","url":null,"abstract":"The development of biodiesel which is currently increasing has helped increase glycerol as a by-product. The glycerol can be obtained from a transesterification reaction in either vegetable or animal oils or fats and even used cooking oil. Glycerol buildup without further processing can reduce the selling price of glycerol. One solution to overcome this is to convert it to surfactants such as glycerol esters which are widely used in various industries such as chemistry, food, cosmetics, medicine and textiles. This study aims to utilize used cooking oil as a source of glycerol used in the synthesis of glycerol ester surfactants, as well as to compare the quality of glycerol ester surfactants produced by the use of commercial glycerol. The process begins by isolating glycerol from used cooking oil and then purifying it to improve its quality. Then glycerol ester was synthesized by using stearic acid, palmitic acid and oleic acid at reaction times of 120, 150 and 180 minutes. The highest yield of ester glycerol produced was at the reaction time of 180 minutes for each use of fatty acids. The test results showed that the glycerol ester produced was able to reduce the surface tension of the water. The value of hydrophylic-lipophylic balance (HLB) is not much different in the range of 5, and the use of various fatty acids and different sources of glycerol results in % of the stability of different emulsions.","PeriodicalId":13519,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science and Technology (IJCST)","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83940356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-10DOI: 10.24114/ijcst.v2i2.15449
Sri Adelila Sari, T. Putri, Muhammad Rudi Ar
Many foods from Indonesia are cooked through the frying process using cooking oil. Good cooking oil is oil that has a low amount of peroxide and acid. The purpose of this study was to find the effect of adding dragon fruit juice (Hylocereus undatus)to peroxide numbers and acid numbers in used cooking oil. Peroxide numbers were measured using the iodometry method, whereas acidic numbers were carried out by the acid-base method. The results of this study indicated that after the addition of dragon fruit juice the peroxide number was dropped to 2.4 meg / kg, whereas in acid numbers an acid number was increased to 6.08 percent.
印度尼西亚的许多食物都是用食用油油炸的。好的食用油是含有少量过氧化氢和酸的油。本研究的目的是研究龙果汁(Hylocereus undatus)对废油中过氧化值和酸值的影响。过氧化氢数用碘量法测定，酸性数用酸碱法测定。研究结果表明，加入火龙果汁后，过氧化氢含量降至2.4 meg / kg，而酸含量则增加到6.08%。
{"title":"Effect of Dragon Fruit Juice Addition on Changes in Peroxide Numbers and Acid Numbers of Used Cooking Oil","authors":"Sri Adelila Sari, T. Putri, Muhammad Rudi Ar","doi":"10.24114/ijcst.v2i2.15449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24114/ijcst.v2i2.15449","url":null,"abstract":"Many foods from Indonesia are cooked through the frying process using cooking oil. Good cooking oil is oil that has a low amount of peroxide and acid. The purpose of this study was to find the effect of adding dragon fruit juice (Hylocereus undatus)to peroxide numbers and acid numbers in used cooking oil. Peroxide numbers were measured using the iodometry method, whereas acidic numbers were carried out by the acid-base method. The results of this study indicated that after the addition of dragon fruit juice the peroxide number was dropped to 2.4 meg / kg, whereas in acid numbers an acid number was increased to 6.08 percent.","PeriodicalId":13519,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science and Technology (IJCST)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82930499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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