Industrial Psychiatry Journal最新文献

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) presents a profound clinical challenge, not only affecting physical health but also significantly impacting mental well-being. The complex interplay between CKD and psychiatric morbidities remains understudied.

Aim: To address the existing gap by investigating the prevalence and patterns of psychiatric morbidity and cognitive dysfunction among CKD patients.

Materials and methods: This study adopted a cross-sectional and hospital-based study design. It included 72 patients diagnosed with CKD who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Structured clinical interviews, validated assessment tools (GHQ-12, HAD-S, AUDIT, Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-III), and a proforma gathered data on socio-demographic factors, illness severity, treatment history, and psychiatric history.

Results: 70.1% of participants exhibited psychological distress, indicating a high prevalence of psychiatric morbidity. Anxiety disorders were prevalent, affecting 58.1% of participants, while depression affected 32.3% (12.9% mild, 20.8% moderate, 4.8% severe). Cognitive impairment varied with CKD severity, with Stage 3 showing better scores than Stage 4, and hemodialysis patients exhibiting the most significant decline.

Conclusion: This study underscores the substantial burden of psychiatric morbidity and cognitive dysfunction in CKD patients within a general hospital setting. Early identification and integrated interventions in mental health care are crucial for improving CKD patient outcomes and well-being.

Background: Having a child with a serious illness like cancer has a detrimental and negative impact on the parents' health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Many factors have been identified as being associated with poorer HRQOL. Acquiring knowledge about these factors is essential to enhancing the quality of life (QOL) of children as well as their parents.

Aim: This study aims to analyze HRQOL in parents of children with cancer and to explore relationships between parent and child variables and parental quality of life.

Materials and methods: A total of 80 parents of children with cancer were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. To evaluate the parental HRQOL, the Short Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36) was used.

Results: Child age and time since diagnosis showed a positive correlation with all domains of HRQOL on Spearman's correlation. A statistically significant difference in SF-36 scores across four cancer groups was seen on the Kruskal-Wallis test. Mothers showed poorer quality of life in the physical role functioning domain as compared to fathers (U = 248, P < 0.01).

Conclusion: The present study shows poor HRQOL for parents of children with cancer, despite learning to cope and adjust over time. Parents of children with retinoblastoma demonstrate a poorer QOL as compared to other cancer groups. The study suggests close monitoring of parents' QOL and the provision of appropriate treatment and psychosocial support for parents along with the treatment of children.

Background: Progressive loss of visual acuteness is known to be associated with anxiety, insecurity, loss of independence, and altered social functioning, which may lead to low mood and subsequently depression. Emotionally adjusting to vision loss can dramatically change one's independence. Reduced workplace productivity in adults with visual impairment is associated with lower rates of workforce participation and increased rates of anxiety and depression. Most studies for psychological comorbidities in the legally blind population are conducted in individuals who present to the psychiatry or psychology department/clinics or to facilities for blindness certification. Due to the paucity of community-based data in the Indian scenario, the current study was undertaken.

Aim: To evaluate the psychological distress and satisfaction with life of people who were diagnosed as blind in the community.

Materials and methods: The sample was based on the identification of blind persons in a door-to-door screening for eye and vision problems in 44535 individuals conducted in 2015-16 in the middle to lower socioeconomic populations in the suburban area of Yerawada, Maharashtra. Those who were suspected of having low vision underwent a detailed clinical examination including visual acuity estimation, portable slit lamp examination, I-Kare tonometry, and fundoscopy, conducted by an ophthalmologist to assess and verify the lack of vision. Subsequently, the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) were also applied upon revisiting the participants in 2020-2021.

Results: The majority of participants were middle-aged or elderly and no significant gender variation was noted in terms of blindness. Maximum psychological disability was seen after 6 to 15 years after the onset of blindness. More than 80% of the patients with complete blindness had some psychiatric comorbidity or distress and more than half reported that their daily activities were affected due to their diagnosis. Blind persons had significantly higher scores on the GHQ-12 and significantly lower scores on SWLS. Complete blindness was positively correlated with GHQ-12 scores and negatively correlated with SWLS scores and the age of the subject.

Conclusion: This study demonstrates that psychological distress and low levels of satisfaction with life are common among the severely visually impaired and blind. There is a dire need to improve access to rehabilitation services and psychological support for the blind and their caregivers.

Geopsychiatry, a newly emerging discipline within psychiatry, examines the influence of geopolitical determinants on mental health and mental illness. Geopolitical determinants include conflict and wars, global austerity, climate change, public health crises (such as the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)), and migration. This study focuses on the two significant areas of climate change and migration. Climate change can affect mental health directly or indirectly in a variety of ways, including chronic (global warming) and acute (heat waves and environmental disasters) events. Certain groups of migrants, including migrating children, older migrants, refugees, and asylum seekers, are particularly vulnerable to developing psychiatric disorders. The convergence of climate change and migration is significantly complicating the already highly difficult situation for mental health services worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where access to care is limited. Despite this, the majority of studies examining mental health impacts of these events originate from high-income countries, and there is still a lack of effective preventive and treatment strategies. In 2023, the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) set up a Special Interest Group on Geopsychiatry with a clear and explicit aim to summarize current evidence and propose strategies to tackle geopolitical challenges on mental health. The Special Interest Group aims to support regional and local groups across all psychiatric disciplines and stakeholders dedicated to building local consensus, prioritizing research, crafting policies, and collating and sharing good clinical practices. With such significant effort, we can expand our understanding and collaboration on geopsychiatry and make changes to the care of people with geopolitical and mental health challenges around the globe.

Background: To date, no study has examined domestic violence among infertile women in western Iran.

Aims: This study aims to investigate the prevalence of domestic violence among infertile women in the region.

Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out at the infertility clinic in Hamadan. A total of 200 eligible infertile women, with a mean age of 31.48 ± 4.57 years, were recruited for the study. The Domestic Violence Questionnaire (DVQ) was administered to all participants. Data analysis was performed using Stata Statistical Software (version 17), with a significance level set at P ≤ 0.05.

Results: This study included 200 infertile women with an average age of 31.48 ± 4.57 years. The mean duration of infertility was 1.9 ± 0.76 years. Regarding education, approximately 66% of the women and 69% of their spouses had completed high school or attained a diploma. Female-related causes accounted for 72.5% of infertility cases. Among the participants, 59.4% reported experiencing domestic violence. Emotional violence scored the highest percentage (67.5%), while sexual violence had the lowest percentage (43.63%). Statistical analysis revealed significant associations between age, spouse's education level, frequency of sexual intercourse, and the level of violence experienced by women.

Conclusion: The findings of this study reveal that 59.4% of women experienced various forms of domestic violence. Moreover, significant associations were observed between domestic violence and factors such as age, spouse's education level, and frequency of sexual intercourse.

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, migrant workers in India have gone through many hardships. After the lockdown, many construction sites, factories, and workplaces shut down, and innumerable migrant workers faced a loss of income, shortage of food, and uncertain future. This massive change in their living conditions made them vulnerable to psychological problems.

Aim: To screen for depression, anxiety, stress, alcohol dependence, and resilience in migrant workers during the COVID-19 crisis.

Materials and methods: Migrant workers at seven camps in the Pimpri Chinchwad Municipal Corporation, Maharashtra, were surveyed with the help of the Depression Anxiety Stress (DASS-21) Scale to assess depression, anxiety, and stress levels, AUDIT C for assessing alcohol use disorders, and Connor-Davidson resilience scale short form (CD RISC) for assessing resilience.

Results: A total of 1053 migrant workers were surveyed. It showed that 57.54% of workers had depressive symptoms, 64.96% had anxiety symptoms, and 39.32% had subjective stress. Female migrant workers had more severe depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms as compared to males while male workers were more at risk of alcohol use disorder as compared to females. Migrants without family had more symptoms of severe depression and alcohol use disorder as compared to those with family. Regression analysis showed that levels of anxiety were independently associated with female gender, unmarried status, stress, depression, and alcohol use disorder while resilience negatively predicted anxiety in these migrant workers.

Conclusion: During the COVID-19 pandemic, migrant workers were at risk of depression, anxiety, stress, and alcohol use disorder. Females and migrants without families came out to be more vulnerable to these psychological problems. Hence during the pandemic situation, identifying this vulnerable population and special preventive or therapeutic programs for them can be of crucial importance.