Industrial Psychiatry Journal最新文献

Background: Chronic use of alcohol is usually associated with poor sexual functioning. Sexual dysfunction is often associated with disharmony in relationships, which ultimately leads to an increase in alcohol consumption.

Aim: This study aimed to find out about various aspects of sexual dysfunction related to alcohol dependence syndrome (ADS).

Material and methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted among married males and living with their families and admitted to a tertiary care center. The patients consuming alcohol were assessed using psychometric tools, including the alcohol use disorders identification test, the severity of alcohol dependence questionnaire, and the international index of erectile function. Data from 234 male patients were analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Results: The study found a high prevalence of sexual dysfunction among the participants. Specifically, 41.5% of patients reported decreased sexual desire, 40.6% experienced a loss of overall satisfaction, and 38.9% suffered from erectile dysfunction. Patients with ADS showed significantly higher levels of dysfunction in orgasmic function, sexual desire, erectile function, and overall satisfaction compared to those without ADS. However, there was no significant difference in terms of intercourse satisfaction between the two groups. Longer durations of alcohol use were associated with a greater degree of sexual dysfunction across all domains of sexual functioning.

Conclusion: The study highlights the significant association between alcohol dependence syndrome and sexual dysfunction. Routine assessment and intervention for sexual health issues should be integral to the management of alcohol dependence.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic was not merely limited to physical health concerns, and after the pandemic, the mental health consequences of the pandemic are still reverberating within our societies, especially in India. The college students in India were left to grapple with unforeseen circumstances, facing abrupt uncertainties with respect to their education and careers. Although their physical health was relatively more robust, their mental health status was left unexplored.

Aim: To assess depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation in college students in the aftermath of COVID-19 pandemic.

Materials and methods: An observational cross-sectional survey was conducted on 323 undergraduate students from June 2021 to August 2021, who were required to fill a survey form which comprised basic sociodemographic details, student's concerns about COVID-19 and the following scales: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation Scale (PANSI) after obtaining written and informed consent from them. The data collected was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results: The study revealed that 23.52% of the participants suffered from depressive disorders, and 34.98% from anxiety disorders. Although a statistically higher number of males were depressed as compared to females (33.87% versus 17.08%), it was the opposite for anxiety disorders (47.73% females versus 14.51% males). HADS anxiety score was positively correlated with worrying about family members, COVID-19 infection in family members, fear of contracting the infection, presence of psychiatric illness in family, and history of attempted suicide. HADS depression score was positively correlated with worrying about family, COVID-19 infection in family members, a prior consultation with a mental health professional, and history of attempted suicide. Suicidal ideations as predicted by PANSI Positive score was predicted by rural place of residence, number of family members, and presence of psychiatry patient in the family.

Conclusion: In the following era of the COVID-19 pandemic, anxiety and depression were high amongst college students. Various COVID-19-related and personal correlates for anxiety and depression as well as predictors for suicidal ideations could also be delineated. Institutions need to find out at-risk students and plan active measures for them.

Background: Delirium, an acute and often fluctuating disorder of attention and cognition, poses significant challenges in clinical care due to its varied presentation and complex etiological factors. In rural healthcare settings, where resources and awareness are limited, delirium is frequently under-recognized and inadequately managed.

Aim: To investigate the factors associated with and types of delirium and their correlation with sociodemographic profiles in hospitalized patients at a tertiary care rural hospital in Central India.

Materials and methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 120 patients diagnosed with delirium and referred to the Department of Psychiatry. A comprehensive assessment was performed using the Delirium Etiology Checklist (DEC) and Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS), and data spanning various associated factors, subtypes, and demographic variables were analyzed using SPSS version 27.0.

Results: The cohort had a mean age of 48.2 ± 15.96 years, with a predominance of male patients (84.2%). Substance withdrawal (16.96%), anemia (12.5%), and renal derangement (11.6%) emerged as the major factors associated with delirium. Hyperactive delirium was observed in 88.3% of patients, while hypoactive delirium was found in 11.7%. A significant association was noted between cardiac decompensation and sepsis with hypoactive delirium, while substance withdrawal with hyperactive delirium.

Conclusion: The study highlights the need for a systematic approach to identify and manage delirium's underlying associated factors, particularly in resource-limited settings, to prevent adverse outcomes.

Background: Research has shown a high prevalence of mental health disorders in homosexuals with high risk-taking behavior. Sexual minority groups are often prey to many psychosocial stressors such as harassment, victimization, and fear of rejection.

Aim: To understand the occurrence of psychiatric morbidity, risk-taking behavior, stigma, and social support in the men having sex with men (MSM) population and correlate its relation with each other.

Materials and methods: One hundred participants were selected via randomized sample selection from the existing list of registered MSM accessing services from MDACS, and a detailed psychiatric interview was taken with diagnoses as per ICD10 criteria. Measure of Internalized Sexual Stigma Scale and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support were applied for further evaluation.

Results: Forty-eight study participants had psychiatric morbidity with substance use and mood disorders being more common. High risk-taking behavior was found to be less in the sample. Internalized stigma was high on identity and social discomfort subscale. The total mean MISS-G score was found to be 35.64 ± 35.57. Social support was more from significant others. MSPSS scale had a total mean score of 58.59 ± 20. There was a negative correlation between stigma and social support. Psychiatric morbidity was associated with high stigma and poor social support.

Conclusion: This study shows that MSM is at higher risk for psychiatric illnesses like depression and internalized sexual stigma. The social support experienced by them is also poor. Hence, there is a need to spread awareness and address the mental health issues of this minority.

Background: Several studies have shown that frontline health-care personnel have experienced overwhelming stress and mental health problems since the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. To address the psychological impact of the COVID-19 crisis on nurses working in COVID-19 hospitals across India, a series of Training of Trainers (ToT) programs were conducted. This study examined the effectiveness of these programs in reducing stress and improving coping self-efficacy of nurses.

Aim: To examine the effectiveness of online Training of Trainers Program for Nurses working in Covid-19 Hospitals in India.

Materials and methods: A cross-sectional survey with a convenient sampling method was adopted. The tools consisted of Knowledge, Practice, and Attitude Survey Schedule; Perceived Stress Scale; and Coping Self-Efficacy Scale. A total of 89 participants in the ToT group and 31 participants in the control group, working in COVID-19 hospitals across India, participated in the study. Data were collected through an online google survey. The study sample was sent the survey link through email and WhatsApp messages. Frequencies, means, standard deviations, and Chi squares were calculated to analyze sociodemographic variables. Pearson correlation coefficient and Student's t-test were used for analysis.

Results: There was a significant difference between the two groups, with the ToT group scoring higher on knowledge, practice, coping self-efficacy, and positive attitude and lower on perceived stress than the control group.

Conclusion: Our findings indicate support for the online mode of training programs for health care professionals, particularly significant in crisis situations.

Background: Hallyu or Korean wave (K-wave) is the term used to describe diffusion and export of South Korean popular culture into the global market and includes music (K-pop), TV shows (K-drama), cuisine (K-cuisine), video games, and cartoons. The fandom for K-wave is increasing, but there is limited understanding on its parasocial relationships, personality traits, and media immersion (transportation) in the Indian context.

Aim: To explore the relationship between parasocial behavior, big five personality traits, and transportation among young adult K-wave fans.

Materials and methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted using Google forms, distributed through various social media platforms using the snowball technique with a sample size of 204 between ages 15 and 35 years. The scales used are Measure of Parasocial Relationships, Big five personality inventory, and Transportation scale - short form.

Results: The mean age of the participants was 23.9 years. The majority were introduced by their friends (55.4%); the common platform for accessing the content is YouTube (42.6%). There was statistically significantly higher parasocial relationship exhibited by the female participants in all domains, except in the behavioral domain of MMPR. There was also a statistically significant moderate positive correlation between parasocial behavior and transportation.

Conclusion: The study offers insightful information on the ways that personality qualities and K-wave content consumption affect parasocial interactions between Korean wave enthusiasts in India.

Background: Caregivers of patients with bipolar affective disorder (BPAD) experience significant burdens.

Aim: Understanding the factors influencing caregiver burden is essential for developing effective, culturally relevant interventions.

Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study assessed the caregiving burden among 120 primary caregivers of BPAD patients attending the Psychiatry Outpatient Department at a tertiary care hospital in Central India. The Burden Assessment Schedule (BAS) and Family Attitude Scale (FAS) were used to measure caregiver burden and expressed emotions (EE). Pearson's correlation coefficient was applied to examine associations between caregiver burden, demographic factors, caregiving duration, and EE.

Results: Most caregivers were male (60%) and married (96.7%), with a mean age of 40.76 ± 13.9 years and an average caregiving duration of 17.43 ± 9 years. The mean BAS score was 82.38 ± 7.2, indicating a high caregiving burden. BAS scores correlated significantly with caregiver age (r = 0.311, P = 0.001) and years living with the patient (r = 0.210, P = 0.022). The mean FAS score was 67.68 ± 7.4, with significant correlations observed between FAS scores and caregiver age (r = 0.404, P < 0.001) and years of cohabitation (r = 0.239, P = 0.008). A strong positive correlation between BAS and FAS scores (r = 0.423, P < 0.001) highlighted the role of EE in exacerbating caregiver burden.

Conclusion: Caregivers of BPAD patients face substantial burdens influenced by demographic factors, caregiving duration, and high levels of EE within families.

Background: Pregnancy is considered prone to encountering frequent mood changes and emotional disturbances such as stress and mixed anxiety-depressive symptoms. Compromised maternal mental health in the pre-natal period may result in physical complications in newborns like low birth weight, preeclampsia and preterm births with the increased neonatal morbidity.

Aim: To estimate the prevalence of the depression, anxiety, stress, and the factors associated with it, among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics.

Material and methods: A cross-sectional study among pregnant women of all trimesters, who attended the antenatal clinic were included. Pregnant women with pre-existing mental health conditions (such as depression, anxiety, or stress) were excluded. Sample size was taken as 314. A semi-structured questionnaire derived from the DASS-21 (Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 questions) tool was used to assess depression, anxiety, and stress. The responses were classified into different severity levels: normal, mild, moderate, severe, and extremely severe.

Results: 92.9% of the mothers were aged above 20 years and among them 52.5% were uneducated. Majority of the participants were suffering from symptoms of anxiety (27.8%), followed by stress (22.92%) and depression (19.1%), most of them being mild and moderate. Factors significantly affecting depression, anxiety and stress were their occupation, co-morbidity, partner support and history of anxiety and depression. In most cases, emotional support from the participant's mother was sufficient (87.26%) and partner support was also satisfactory. (95.22%).

Conclusion: This study revealed the high prevalence of anxiety, depression and stress symptoms in antenatal mothers attending antenatal care services.