Infectious diseases now最新文献

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Detecting quality of life alterations in people living with HIV: Development and evaluation of the OCTAVE® self-questionnaire 检测艾滋病毒感染者生活质量的改变：OCTAVE®自我问卷的开发和评估

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Infectious diseases now

Pub Date : 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.idnow.2025.105216

É. Piet , F. Bastides , J. Leporrier , O. Robineau , É. Estrabaud , V. Pourcher , L. Slama

Background

Complementarily to immuno-virological control of people living with HIV (PLWH), quality of life (QoL) has become a priority in patient care.

Methods

OCTAVE® is a self-administered questionnaire comprising 42 questions categorized in eight items: HIV treatment, mental & physical health, sleep, sexuality, emotional well-being, comorbidities and social/professional life. It was developed for use in routine clinical practice, the objective being to identify possible QoL alterations in people living with HIV.

Outcomes

Thirty-nine physicians completed the survey, and 380 PLWH filled out the self-administered questionnaire. All in all, QoL alterations were detected in 44 % of respondents (mean 2.1 (SD = 1.2) per PLWH). For physicians, these findings prompted planned clinical interventions in 70 % of PLWH, predominantly regarding sleep, sexual health and emotional well-being. Of note, 11 % of the reported QoL alterations were attributed to antiretroviral therapy.

Conclusion

In routine clinical practice OCTAVE®, appears to be an effective means of detecting QoL impairments in people living with HIV, and it is likely to reinforce clinical management of potential QoL issues.

背景：作为艾滋病病毒感染者（PLWH）免疫病毒学控制的补充，生活质量（QoL）已成为患者护理的重中之重。方法：OCTAVE®是一份自我管理的问卷，包括42个问题，分为8个项目：艾滋病毒治疗、身心健康、睡眠、性、情绪健康、合并症和社会/职业生活。它是为常规临床实践而开发的，目的是确定艾滋病毒感染者生活质量可能发生的变化。39名医生完成了调查，380名PLWH填写了自填问卷。总而言之，44. %的受访者检测到生活质量改变（平均2.1 (SD = 1.2)/ PLWH）。对于医生来说，这些发现促使70% %的PLWH患者计划进行临床干预，主要涉及睡眠、性健康和情绪健康。值得注意的是，报告的生活质量改变中有11. %归因于抗逆转录病毒治疗。在常规临床实践中，OCTAVE®似乎是检测HIV感染者生活质量受损的有效手段，并可能加强潜在生活质量问题的临床管理。

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引用次数: 0

Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis: A Silent Killer from natural water sources 原发性阿米巴脑膜脑炎：来自天然水源的无声杀手

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Infectious diseases now

Pub Date : 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.idnow.2025.105207

Haripriya C K , Deepak Vasudevan Sajini , Nehala Subeer T , Fathima Shahadiya K , Hiba Najeem

引用次数: 0

Lack of synergy between amoxicillin and cefazolin against Enterococcus faecalis: Reassessment of a proposed empirical regimen for infective endocarditis 阿莫西林和头孢唑林对粪肠球菌缺乏协同作用：对感染性心内膜炎提出的经验方案的重新评估

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Infectious diseases now

Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.idnow.2025.105201

Nicole Enslinger , Stefan Glöckner , Stefan Hagel , Oliwia Makarewicz , Mathias Pletz , Sara Madzgalla

引用次数: 0

Epidemiology and outcomes of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Rwanda 卢旺达耐多药结核病的流行病学和结果。

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Infectious diseases now

Pub Date : 2025-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.idnow.2025.105200

J. NTWARI , R. NDIAYE , L. MWISENEZA , Y. HABIMANA , E. SERUYANGE , O. SEBATUNZI , P. MIGAMBI , JP. RWABIHAMA , S. GALLIEN

Introduction

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a significant public health challenge in Rwanda.

Methods

This retrospective study aimed to describe the epidemiological characteristics, diagnostic approaches, and treatment outcomes of MDR-TB cases between July 1, 2019 and June 30, 2023.

Results

Among 23,476 tuberculosis cases diagnosed in Rwanda, 227 (0.96 %) were confirmed as MDR-TB. Key findings include male predominance (80.6 %) and a mean age of 39.6 years. Pulmonary tuberculosis accounted for 96.9 % of cases, and 20.3 % of patients were co-infected with HIV. The GeneXpert molecular diagnostic test − the first-line diagnostic tool − demonstrated a sensitivity of 92.9 % for detecting resistance to rifampicin and isoniazid. The overall therapeutic success rate was 93.5 %, with a mortality rate of 5.3 % in evaluable cases (82.4 %). Risk factors for mortality included HIV co-infection and malnutrition (BMI < 18.5 kg/m²).

Conclusion

These findings underscore the importance of robust diagnostic and treatment strategies to control MDR-TB in Rwanda.

导言：耐多药结核病（MDR-TB）是卢旺达面临的一项重大公共卫生挑战。方法：本回顾性研究旨在描述2019年7月1日至2023年6月30日期间耐多药结核病病例的流行病学特征、诊断方法和治疗结果。结果：在卢旺达确诊的23476例结核病例中，227例（0.96 %）确诊为耐多药结核。主要发现包括男性优势（80.6 %）和平均年龄39.6 岁。肺结核占96.9 %，合并感染艾滋病毒占20.3 %。GeneXpert分子诊断试验-一线诊断工具-检测利福平和异烟肼耐药性的灵敏度为92.9 %。总体治疗成功率为93.5 %，可评估病例的死亡率为5.3 %（82.4 %）。死亡危险因素包括HIV合并感染和营养不良（BMI < 18.5 kg/m2）。结论：这些发现强调了强有力的诊断和治疗战略对控制卢旺达耐多药结核病的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Diagnostic performances of Anyplex MTB/NTM Real-time detection vs Xpert® MTB/RIF Ultra for tuberculosis among people living with human immunodeficiency virus with low CD4 count Anyplex MTB/NTM实时检测与Xpert®MTB/RIF Ultra对CD4计数低的人类免疫缺陷病毒感染者结核病的诊断性能

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Infectious diseases now

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.idnow.2025.105191

Alina Gaxiola-Castro, Samantha Flores-Treviño, Paola Bocanegra-Ibarias, Mariana Ramírez-Yáñez, Eduardo-Pérez-Alba, Adrián Camacho-Ortiz

Objectives

The aim of this study was to evaluate the performances of Anyplex® MTB/NTM Real-time Detection and Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra for tuberculosis (TB) disease in people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (PLHIV) with low CD4 + T lymphocyte cell (CD4) count.

Patients and methods

A retrospective observational study included respiratory and non-respiratory specimens from PLHIV stratified based on their CD4 count (<200 vs. ≥ 200 cells/µL) using Anyplex® MTB/NTM Real-time Detection or Xpert® MTB/RIF Ultra.

Results

In PLHIV with low CD4 count (<200 cells/µL), Anyplex demonstrated comparable sensitivity (81.4 % vs. 81.8 %) and specificity (78.7 % vs. 78.5 %) to Xpert for MTC detection in respiratory samples, but lower sensitivity (81.8 % vs. 100 %) and higher specificity (83.3 % vs. 66.6 %) than Xpert in non-respiratory samples.

Conclusions

Whereas the two methodologies showed similar MTC diagnostic performance in respiratory samples from PLHIV with low CD4 levels, Anyplex showed higher specificity and lower sensitivity than Xpert in non-respiratory samples.

目的：本研究的目的是评估Anyplex®MTB/NTM实时检测和Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra对CD4 + T淋巴细胞（CD4）计数低的人类免疫缺陷病毒（PLHIV）感染者结核病（TB）疾病的检测效果。患者和方法：一项回顾性观察研究包括来自PLHIV的呼吸道和非呼吸道样本，根据其CD4计数进行分层（结果：在CD4计数低的PLHIV中）结论：尽管两种方法在低CD4水平的PLHIV呼吸道样本中显示相似的MTC诊断性能，但Anyplex在非呼吸道样本中比Xpert具有更高的特异性和更低的敏感性。

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引用次数: 0

Epidemiological and clinical insights into respiratory syncytial virus among hospitalized adults and healthcare workers in Brazil: A retrospective study 巴西住院成人和医护人员呼吸道合胞病毒的流行病学和临床研究：一项回顾性研究

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Infectious diseases now

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.idnow.2025.105190

Klinger Soares Faico-Filho , Ana Helena Sita Perosa , Nancy Bellei

引用次数: 0

Human metapneumovirus: an underdiagnosed public health threat 人偏肺病毒：一种未被诊断的公共卫生威胁。

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Infectious diseases now

Pub Date : 2025-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.idnow.2025.105189

Rhythm Sharma , Abhishek Walia , Dinesh Lakhanpal

Human metapneumovirus (hMPV), a negative-sense RNA virus in the Pneumoviridae family, has emerged as a major yet under-recognized cause of acute respiratory infections worldwide. Since its identification in 2001, hMPV has shown steady genetic evolution into genotypes A and B, with newer sublineages such as A2.2.1, A2.2.2, and B2 currently detected across continents. A recent global rise in hMPV detections, detailed in reports from China, Europe, and the USA, likely reflects both expanded testing and the re-establishment of seasonal circulation following the COVID-19 pandemic. Co-infections with respiratory viruses, including RSV and influenza, contribute to severe clinical outcomes and hospital burden. Multiplex RT-PCR remains the most sensitive and widely used diagnostic method for detection of hMPV, outperforming conventional PCR approaches, while metagenomic sequencing and CRISPR-based assays are primarily research tools. Diagnostic sensitivity also varies with sample source, and access to advanced technologies remains globally uneven. Despite its growing clinical impact, no approved antiviral is available. Promising candidates, including monoclonal antibodies against the fusion protein, siRNA therapies, and mRNA-based vaccines, are in the early stages of development. This review encompasses recent evidence on hMPV epidemiology, molecular evolution, diagnostic approaches, and therapeutic and vaccine development, underscoring a need for sustained surveillance, equitable diagnostic capacity, and proactive vaccine research more effectively addressing a largely overlooked respiratory pathogen.

人偏肺病毒（hMPV）是肺炎病毒科的一种负义RNA病毒，已成为世界范围内急性呼吸道感染的主要病因，但尚未得到充分认识。自2001年被发现以来，hMPV已显示出稳定的遗传进化为基因型A和基因型B，目前在各大洲都发现了新的亚系，如A2.2.1、A2.2.2和B2。中国、欧洲和美国的报告详细介绍了最近全球hMPV检测数量的上升，这可能反映了COVID-19大流行后扩大检测和重新建立季节性传播。与呼吸道病毒（包括呼吸道合胞病毒和流感）合并感染会导致严重的临床结果和医院负担。多重RT-PCR仍然是检测hMPV最敏感和最广泛使用的诊断方法，优于传统的PCR方法，而宏基因组测序和基于crispr的分析是主要的研究工具。诊断灵敏度也因样本来源而异，而且全球获得先进技术的机会仍然不均衡。尽管它的临床影响越来越大，但没有批准的抗病毒药物可用。有希望的候选药物，包括针对融合蛋白的单克隆抗体、siRNA疗法和基于mrna的疫苗，都处于开发的早期阶段。本综述涵盖了关于人乳头状病毒流行病学、分子进化、诊断方法以及治疗和疫苗开发的最新证据，强调需要持续监测、公平诊断能力和积极的疫苗研究，更有效地解决这一在很大程度上被忽视的呼吸道病原体。

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引用次数: 0

Tick-borne encephalitis: An ancient pathology, but a current emergence in Europe 蜱传脑炎：一种古老的病理，但最近在欧洲出现。

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Infectious diseases now

Pub Date : 2025-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.idnow.2025.105187

Baptiste Hoellinger , Assilina Parfut , Maëlle Grisard , Sandra Martin-Latil , Julie Denis , Olivier Augereau , Guillaume Gregorowicz , Martin Martinot , Yves Hansmann , Aurélie Velay

Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), which is caused by the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), is primarily transmitted to humans through Ixodes bites of infected ticks of the genus Ixodes and, more rarely, by the consumption of contaminated dairy products. TBEV encompasses three main subtypes with distinct degrees of severity and clinical courses: European (TBEV-Eu), Siberian (TBEV-Sib), and Far Eastern (TBEV-FE). Over the past decade, TBE epidemiology has significantly changed in Europe, with increasing incidence in endemic countries and the discovery of new human case foci and areas of virus circulation. This emergence involves many factors of which the impacts are not easily determined. While most TBEV-Eu infections are asymptomatic, some patients develop signs of central nervous system involvement that can be severe (meningitis, encephalitis). While the mortality rate in humans is low (< 2 %), post-infectious sequelae (cognitive and/or motor) can occur in up to 40 % of cases. While TBE treatment is symptomatic, several antiviral treatments are under study. The emergence of TBEV in Europe, particularly in France, represents a significant public health issue. This review provides an up-to-date overview of the latest data concerning TBE, focusing on the epidemiology and clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic aspects of this emerging infection.

蜱传脑炎（TBE）是由蜱传脑炎病毒（TBEV）引起的，主要通过受感染的蜱叮咬传播给人类，更罕见的是通过食用受污染的乳制品传播。TBEV包括三种主要亚型，具有不同的严重程度和临床病程：欧洲（TBEV- eu），西伯利亚（TBEV- sib）和远东（TBEV- fe）。在过去十年中，欧洲的流行性脑炎流行病学发生了重大变化，流行国家的发病率增加，并发现了新的人间病例疫源地和病毒流行地区。这种出现涉及许多因素，其影响不容易确定。虽然大多数TBEV-Eu感染是无症状的，但一些患者出现中枢神经系统受累的迹象，可能是严重的（脑膜炎、脑炎）。虽然人类的死亡率很低(

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引用次数: 0

Toward a simplified vaccination schedule in France: How can the tools we possess be put to better use? 在法国简化疫苗接种时间表：如何更好地利用我们拥有的工具？

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Infectious diseases now

Pub Date : 2025-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.idnow.2025.105186

Robert Cohen, Odile Launay, Catherine Weil-Olivier, Pierre Bakhache, Pierre Bégué, Marie-Aliette Dommergues, Véronique Dufour, Joël Gaudelus, Isabelle Hau, Didier Pinquier, Georges Thiebault, Franck Thollot, François Vie le Sage, Corinne Levy, Maeva Lefebvre, Hervé Haas

引用次数: 0

Efficacy of dolutegravir-based regimen in HIV-infected children in a treatment center in a regional health facility in Cameroon 喀麦隆某区域卫生设施治疗中心以多路地韦为基础的治疗方案对艾滋病毒感染儿童的疗效。

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Infectious diseases now

Pub Date : 2025-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.idnow.2025.105185

Andreas Chiabi , Sankara Nykam , Kate Kan , Cecilia Fomenky , Lucas M. Tanlaka , Franklin N. Ngueiwoh , Christabelle Ewane , Vanessa M. Fozao , Denis Nsame

Objectives

Cameroon adopted dolutegravir-based regimen in 2020 as the first-line treatment of HIV infection, as recommended by the World Health Organization on the basis of efficacy, high genetic barriers to drug resistance, low toxicity, and low cost. Our main objective was to evaluate the efficacy of dolutegravir-based regimen among HIV-infected children.

Patients and methods

We performed a retrospective hospital-based cohort study over a 5-month period at the pediatric day care unit of Bamenda Regional Hospital among HIV-infected children aged 3–15 years. Data was collected using a predesigned questionnaire and was analyzed with SPSS v.27.0 using the appropriate statistical test. P-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results

We included 207 participants: 139 in the efavirenz (EFV) group and 68 in the dolutegravir (DTG) group. The mean viral load was lower in the DTG group than in the EFV group with mean viral load differences of 3,679 copies/ml, 2,245 copies/ml, and 3,207 copies/ml at 6 months, 12 months, and 24 months, respectively. The viral load suppression rate was higher in the DTG group than in the EFV group at 6 months (63.2 % vs 51.1 %, p = 0.099), at 12 months (80.9 % vs 64.7 %, p = 0.017), and at 24 months (83.8 % vs 70.5 %, p = 0.038). Children on DTG achieved virologic suppression quicker than children on EFV (9 months vs 10 months, p = 0.178).

Conclusion

Children on dolutegravir had good viral load suppression compared with children on efavirenz.

目标：喀麦隆根据世界卫生组织基于疗效、高耐药遗传屏障、低毒性和低成本的建议，于2020年采用以多替格雷韦为基础的方案作为艾滋病毒感染的一线治疗方法。我们的主要目的是评估以盐酸多替替韦为基础的治疗方案对感染艾滋病毒的儿童的疗效。患者和方法：我们在巴门达地区医院儿科日托部对3-15岁 岁的艾滋病毒感染儿童进行了为期5个月的回顾性医院队列研究。使用预先设计的问卷收集数据，并使用SPSS v.27.0进行分析，使用适当的统计检验。p值 结果：我们纳入了207名参与者：139名在依非韦伦（EFV）组，68名在多鲁特韦（DTG）组。DTG组的平均病毒载量低于EFV组，在6 个月、12 个月和24 个月时的平均病毒载量分别为3,679拷贝/ml、2,245拷贝/ml和3,207拷贝/ml。的病毒载量壳体组抑制率高于EFV小组6 个月(63.2 vs 51.1  % % p = 0.099), 12个月(80.9 vs 64.7  % % p = 0.017),并在24 月(83.8 vs 70.5  % % p = 0.038)。DTG组患儿比EFV组患儿更快达到病毒学抑制（9 个月vs 10 个月，p = 0.178）。结论：与依非韦伦相比，多替格拉韦对儿童病毒载量有较好的抑制作用。

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