Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.24997/kjae.2023.64.2.61
Seong Cheon Choi, Tongjoo Suh
To perform analyses to estimate the bulb weight of garlic, many studies have used actual survey data on garlic growth, which are constructed by periodically examining growth information. Since some individual plants may wither or necrotize during growth, sample selection bias may occur if only surviving individuals are used to estimate the bulb weight of garlic without consideration of the characteristics of individuals that drop out. In this study, the Heckit model was used to estimate the final bulb weight of garlic, with correction for non-randomly selected garlic individuals. As a result of this estimation, it was shown that the presence of garlic damage had a significant effect on survival in the selection model. Some growth variables, such as the leaf sheath and the number of leaves, were directly proportional to the final bulb weight of garlic in the outcome model, whereas variables such as planting density and the number of days of rainfall were inversely proportional to the final bulb weight.
{"title":"Analysis of the bulb weight of garlic with a focus on sample selection bias","authors":"Seong Cheon Choi, Tongjoo Suh","doi":"10.24997/kjae.2023.64.2.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24997/kjae.2023.64.2.61","url":null,"abstract":"To perform analyses to estimate the bulb weight of garlic, many studies have used actual survey data on garlic growth, which are constructed by periodically examining growth information. Since some individual plants may wither or necrotize during growth, sample selection bias may occur if only surviving individuals are used to estimate the bulb weight of garlic without consideration of the characteristics of individuals that drop out. \u0000In this study, the Heckit model was used to estimate the final bulb weight of garlic, with correction for non-randomly selected garlic individuals. As a result of this estimation, it was shown that the presence of garlic damage had a significant effect on survival in the selection model. Some growth variables, such as the leaf sheath and the number of leaves, were directly proportional to the final bulb weight of garlic in the outcome model, whereas variables such as planting density and the number of days of rainfall were inversely proportional to the final bulb weight.","PeriodicalId":136411,"journal":{"name":"Korean Agricultural Economics Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133125223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.24997/kjae.2023.64.2.1
Yun-Sun Park, Jae Bong Chang
There has been a steady increase in the consumption of Korean beef in recent years, with the per capita consumption of beef reaching a record high in 2022. The domestic beef market provides consumers with more choices, so traditional methods of demand analysis that rely on whole beef products are likely to become less useful. Employing the multiple discrete-continuous extreme value model (MDCEV), we analyze scanner data on consumer panels over a long period. Our findings indicate Hanwoo beef demand is less price sensitive than other beef types. Furthermore, Hanwoo beef has a relatively larger cross-price elasticity than other alternatives. Consumers' income, age, and household size also significantly affect the interrelationship between demand and supply. Higher-income consumers are more likely to choose Hanwoo beef and less likely to choose imported beef. Larger families are more likely to select beef for grilling rather than cooking. These results explain current beef expenditure patterns and help understand how consumers make decisions.
{"title":"Measuring Beef Demand by Country of Origin and Cooking Purpose: The Multiple Discrete-Continuous Extreme Value Model Approach","authors":"Yun-Sun Park, Jae Bong Chang","doi":"10.24997/kjae.2023.64.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24997/kjae.2023.64.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"There has been a steady increase in the consumption of Korean beef in recent years, with the per capita consumption of beef reaching a record high in 2022. The domestic beef market provides consumers with more choices, so traditional methods of demand analysis that rely on whole beef products are likely to become less useful. Employing the multiple discrete-continuous extreme value model (MDCEV), we analyze scanner data on consumer panels over a long period. Our findings indicate Hanwoo beef demand is less price sensitive than other beef types. Furthermore, Hanwoo beef has a relatively larger cross-price elasticity than other alternatives. Consumers' income, age, and household size also significantly affect the interrelationship between demand and supply. \u0000Higher-income consumers are more likely to choose Hanwoo beef and less likely to choose imported beef. Larger families are more likely to select beef for grilling rather than cooking. These results explain current beef expenditure patterns and help understand how consumers make decisions.","PeriodicalId":136411,"journal":{"name":"Korean Agricultural Economics Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123075960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.24997/kjae.2023.64.2.21
Yanghyung Ryoo, Se-Hyuk Kim
In the experimental auction, participation fees can cause a house money effect that makes the value of the product higher than the actual value. The purpose of this study is to analyze whether the house money effect can be eliminated in experimental auctions by applying cheap talk used in contingent valuation and choice experiment to reduce hypothetical bias. For the analysis, an experimental auction is conducted by organizing five different auction products depending on whether or not to provide information on the taste of apples, method, color, and sugar content. The number of experimental groups is 8, and four groups provide a cheap talk, and four groups do not. The number of bidders per group is about 15, and the number of rounds is 9. The results show that it has been empirically verified that cheap talk can eliminate the house money effect. The results also indicate that as the auction round progresses, the younger the age or the lower the education level, the greater the effect of removing the house money effect of the cheap talk. Since cheap talk is easily applicable and effective, the use of cheap talk is recommended in studies using experimental auction.
{"title":"Can Cheap Talk Eliminate the House Money Effect in Apple Experimental Auction?","authors":"Yanghyung Ryoo, Se-Hyuk Kim","doi":"10.24997/kjae.2023.64.2.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24997/kjae.2023.64.2.21","url":null,"abstract":"In the experimental auction, participation fees can cause a house money effect that makes the value of the product higher than the actual value. The purpose of this study is to analyze whether the house money effect can be eliminated in experimental auctions by applying cheap talk used in contingent valuation and choice experiment to reduce hypothetical bias. For the analysis, an experimental auction is conducted by organizing five different auction products depending on whether or not to provide information on the taste of apples, method, color, and sugar content. The number of experimental groups is 8, and four groups provide a cheap talk, and four groups do not. The number of bidders per group is about 15, and the number of rounds is 9. The results show that it has been empirically verified that cheap talk can eliminate the house money effect. The results also indicate that as the auction round progresses, the younger the age or the lower the education level, the greater the effect of removing the house money effect of the cheap talk. Since cheap talk is easily applicable and effective, the use of cheap talk is recommended in studies using experimental auction.","PeriodicalId":136411,"journal":{"name":"Korean Agricultural Economics Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130347684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.24997/kjae.2023.64.2.43
Minkyoung Kim, Hong-Sung Mun, Kyeong-Soo Jeong
A vertically integrated structure was considered in developing a Multimarket Partial Equilibrium Model for the Hanwoo industry. In order to eliminate the supply effect on the final demand for Hanwoo beef, Hanwoo beef demand index was constructed and integrated into the model. Using simulations that altered the number of breeding cows, the model was utilized to examine the ripple effect on equilibrium quantity and price, which are crucial in regulating the supply and demand of Korean beef. The study found that altering the number of breeding cows affected the feeder and fed cattle markets depending on the timing of the alteration to the breeding cow population. Fattening breeding cows is a significant tool that directly impacts market equilibrium but caution is needed when implementing this policy as it cannot be considered a fundamental measure for stabilizing the Hanwoo supply.
{"title":"Assessing the effects of changes in Hanwoo breeding cow population on equilibrium using Multimarket Partial Equilibrium model","authors":"Minkyoung Kim, Hong-Sung Mun, Kyeong-Soo Jeong","doi":"10.24997/kjae.2023.64.2.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24997/kjae.2023.64.2.43","url":null,"abstract":"A vertically integrated structure was considered in developing a Multimarket Partial Equilibrium Model for the Hanwoo industry. In order to eliminate the supply effect on the final demand for Hanwoo beef, Hanwoo beef demand index was constructed and integrated into the model. Using simulations that altered the number of breeding cows, the model was utilized to examine the ripple effect on equilibrium quantity and price, which are crucial in regulating the supply and demand of Korean beef. The study found that altering the number of breeding cows affected the feeder and fed cattle markets depending on the timing of the alteration to the breeding cow population. Fattening breeding cows is a significant tool that directly impacts market equilibrium but caution is needed when implementing this policy as it cannot be considered a fundamental measure for stabilizing the Hanwoo supply.","PeriodicalId":136411,"journal":{"name":"Korean Agricultural Economics Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130348270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.24997/kjae.2023.64.2.77
Yeona Hong, Chanmi Yun
This study aims to analyze the impact of using ‘Last Order’, a mobile application that provides a discount service for near-expiry food, on food waste reduction, and to verify whether food redistribution through such a platform can be an effective alternative to proactively reducing domestic food waste. A survey was conducted among 216 ‘Last Order’ users and 376 non-users, of which 469 respondents(136 users and 333 non-users), excluding single-person households, were used for the analysis. The results of the analysis showed that the variable ‘whether or not to use the application which discounts service for near-expiry food’ had a significant negative value, indicating that the use of the application contributed to a reduction in the amount of food waste generated per household per day. It implies that increased use of the application will increase the potential for reducing food waste through the consumption of near-expiry food from retailers to households.
{"title":"The potential of the mobile application as a food waste reduction alternative","authors":"Yeona Hong, Chanmi Yun","doi":"10.24997/kjae.2023.64.2.77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24997/kjae.2023.64.2.77","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to analyze the impact of using ‘Last Order’, a mobile application that provides a discount service for near-expiry food, on food waste reduction, and to verify whether food redistribution through such a platform can be an effective alternative to proactively reducing domestic food waste. A survey was conducted among 216 ‘Last Order’ users and 376 non-users, of which 469 respondents(136 users and 333 non-users), excluding single-person households, were used for the analysis. The results of the analysis showed that the variable ‘whether or not to use the application which discounts service for near-expiry food’ had a significant negative value, indicating that the use of the application contributed to a reduction in the amount of food waste generated per household per day. It implies that increased use of the application will increase the potential for reducing food waste through the consumption of near-expiry food from retailers to households.","PeriodicalId":136411,"journal":{"name":"Korean Agricultural Economics Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130962760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.24997/kjae.2023.64.1.103
Youngjune Kim, Bowen Chen, Allen M. Featherstone, D. Pendell
Most of the previous literature on efficiency assumes that efficient and inefficient farms are homogeneous in production, even though they may have different strategies to increase efficiency. Exploiting Super Data envelopment analysis (DEA) and quantile regression, this study examines the sources of efficiency with particular consideration of the heterogeneity between efficient and inefficient farms using a farm-level dataset. The results show that an increase in some farm characteristics, such as the number of beef cows, percentage of income from beef cows, and percentage of acres owned, affects efficiency in different ways for efficient and inefficient farms. These results imply that efficient and inefficient farms are heterogeneous in terms of how farm characteristics affect efficiency.
{"title":"Are Efficient and Inefficient Farms Heterogeneous? Evidence from Kansas Farms","authors":"Youngjune Kim, Bowen Chen, Allen M. Featherstone, D. Pendell","doi":"10.24997/kjae.2023.64.1.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24997/kjae.2023.64.1.103","url":null,"abstract":"Most of the previous literature on efficiency assumes that efficient and inefficient farms are homogeneous in production, even though they may have different strategies to increase efficiency. Exploiting Super Data envelopment analysis (DEA) and quantile regression, this study examines the sources of efficiency with particular consideration of the heterogeneity between efficient and inefficient farms using a farm-level dataset. The results show that an increase in some farm characteristics, such as the number of beef cows, percentage of income from beef cows, and percentage of acres owned, affects efficiency in different ways for efficient and inefficient farms. These results imply that efficient and inefficient farms are heterogeneous in terms of how farm characteristics affect efficiency.","PeriodicalId":136411,"journal":{"name":"Korean Agricultural Economics Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124387126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.24997/kjae.2023.64.1.67
Hyunju Oh, Taeyoon Kim
This study uses the 2019 Malawi Fifth Integrated Household Survey with 2,688 data to determine poverty factors in Malawi. Households’ subjective assessment of poverty having six levels is used with an ordered-probit model since it can easily catch deprivation in various aspects of people’s lives and complement the income-based poverty measurement for farmers in developing countries. Furthermore, consumption poverty using the annual per capita consumption value is compared with subjective poverty with a multinomial logit model. A partial proportional odds model is used as it rejects the parallel lines assumption. The overall results indicate that subjective and consumption poverty determinants overlap. But subjective poverty is more associated with household assets, natural disasters, aid, financial inclusion, food security, marital status, and education level than consumption poverty in Malawi. Policy support for continuing and developing subsidy programs for food, agricultural input, and life convenience is suggested since ongoing programs equally treat a variety of households and increase possibilities to escape both subjective and consumption poverty. Also, a rural extension program that provides asset management education is expected to draw overall welfare for vulnerable households. Finally, female welfare should be improved by reducing the wage gap and diversifying its welfare programs to improve the social perception of female labor.
{"title":"Determinants of Poverty in Malawi: Evidence from the Fifth Integrated Household Survey 2019","authors":"Hyunju Oh, Taeyoon Kim","doi":"10.24997/kjae.2023.64.1.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24997/kjae.2023.64.1.67","url":null,"abstract":"This study uses the 2019 Malawi Fifth Integrated Household Survey with 2,688 data to determine poverty factors in Malawi. Households’ subjective assessment of poverty having six levels is used with an ordered-probit model since it can easily catch deprivation in various aspects of people’s lives and complement the income-based poverty measurement for farmers in developing countries. Furthermore, consumption poverty using the annual per capita consumption value is compared with subjective poverty with a multinomial logit model. A partial proportional odds model is used as it rejects the parallel lines assumption. The overall results indicate that subjective and consumption poverty determinants overlap. But subjective poverty is more associated with household assets, natural disasters, aid, financial inclusion, food security, marital status, and education level than consumption poverty in Malawi. Policy support for continuing and developing subsidy programs for food, agricultural input, and life convenience is suggested since ongoing programs equally treat a variety of households and increase possibilities to escape both subjective and consumption poverty. Also, a rural extension program that provides asset management education is expected to draw overall welfare for vulnerable households. Finally, female welfare should be improved by reducing the wage gap and diversifying its welfare programs to improve the social perception of female labor.","PeriodicalId":136411,"journal":{"name":"Korean Agricultural Economics Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127866200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.24997/kjae.2023.64.1.1
Namhoon Kim
The purpose of this study is to theoretically and empirically analyze the effect of labor force participation of rural seniors on their health and health investment. The study suggests the health investment model of old people based on the Grossman model and investigates the correlation between their labor force and health variables by using the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA) and panel data analysis model. The empirical results show that health improves when the elderly live in rural areas or participate in the labor force. However, if the seniors living in rural areas participate in the labor force, the health improvement effect was offset. Further, if the rural seniors work, they are more likely to use medical services, but less likely to attend health activity programs than those who do not work. The lack of leisure time for working rural seniors can reduce the size of health investment and worsen the health gap between rural and urban elderly. The policy authorities need to make an effort to ensure health investment opportunities for the elderly in rural areas.
{"title":"Study on the effect of rural seniors’ labor force participation on health and health investment","authors":"Namhoon Kim","doi":"10.24997/kjae.2023.64.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24997/kjae.2023.64.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to theoretically and empirically analyze the effect of labor force participation of rural seniors on their health and health investment. The study suggests the health investment model of old people based on the Grossman model and investigates the correlation between their labor force and health variables by using the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA) and panel data analysis model. The empirical results show that health improves when the elderly live in rural areas or participate in the labor force. However, if the seniors living in rural areas participate in the labor force, the health improvement effect was offset. Further, if the rural seniors work, they are more likely to use medical services, but less likely to attend health activity programs than those who do not work. The lack of leisure time for working rural seniors can reduce the size of health investment and worsen the health gap between rural and urban elderly. The policy authorities need to make an effort to ensure health investment opportunities for the elderly in rural areas.","PeriodicalId":136411,"journal":{"name":"Korean Agricultural Economics Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128358330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.24997/kjae.2023.64.1.25
Hyun Seon Lee, Do-Yeon Park, B. Soon
Our study investigated the impact of the implementation of greenhouse gas reduction (GGR) policies on the garlic market. We set an abnormal climate scenario; (1) emitting greenhouse gases as the current trend, (2) the greenhouse gas reductioin policy. Then, we analyzed whether the GGR policy was implemented or not. When abnormal weather occurred in 2030, Scenario 1 showed a larger decrease in yields per garlic unit than Scenario 2. On the other hand, in the case of price increase, Scenario 2 was found to be smaller than scenario 1. The results imply that if the GGR policy is implemented in abnormal climate conditions, the decrease in garlic yield per unit is relatively small due to favorable climate conditions, and it will positively contribute to stabilizing garlic prices. The results of the study suggest the need to implement GGR policies in the agricultural sector at a time when abnormal climate phenomena are inevitable. Since voluntary participation in farmers is essential to achieve carbon neutrality in the agricultural sector, policies should be implemented to increase farmers' participation rate, such as providing economic incentives when reducing greenhouse gases in the agricultural process.
{"title":"The Impact of Abnormal Climate on the Garlic Market Using RCP Scenarios","authors":"Hyun Seon Lee, Do-Yeon Park, B. Soon","doi":"10.24997/kjae.2023.64.1.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24997/kjae.2023.64.1.25","url":null,"abstract":"Our study investigated the impact of the implementation of greenhouse gas reduction (GGR) policies on the garlic market. We set an abnormal climate scenario; (1) emitting greenhouse gases as the current trend, (2) the greenhouse gas reductioin policy. Then, we analyzed whether the GGR policy was implemented or not. When abnormal weather occurred in 2030, Scenario 1 showed a larger decrease in yields per garlic unit than Scenario 2. On the other hand, in the case of price increase, Scenario 2 was found to be smaller than scenario 1. The results imply that if the GGR policy is implemented in abnormal climate conditions, the decrease in garlic yield per unit is relatively small due to favorable climate conditions, and it will positively contribute to stabilizing garlic prices. The results of the study suggest the need to implement GGR policies in the agricultural sector at a time when abnormal climate phenomena are inevitable. Since voluntary participation in farmers is essential to achieve carbon neutrality in the agricultural sector, policies should be implemented to increase farmers' participation rate, such as providing economic incentives when reducing greenhouse gases in the agricultural process.","PeriodicalId":136411,"journal":{"name":"Korean Agricultural Economics Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126047681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.24997/kjae.2023.64.1.45
G. Cho, Tae In Im, Yoonbai Kim
The previous studies have suggested that the cultural characteristics of a country could affect consumer preference attitude toward innovation and international trade. To examine this effect, Hofstede’s multidimensional index of national culture has been popularly used. This paper focuses on the question of how the Hofstede individual cultural indices affect the international food trade using a gravity equation. The results show that the individual cultural characteristics have different effects on the food trade. An increase in the power distance, uncertainty avoidance, and masculinity index is negatively related to food exports, while an increase in the individualism and indulgence index is positively correlated with food exports. On the other hand, the power distance, and masculinity index have been positively related to the food imports, whereas individualism, uncertainty avoidance, and indulgence index have been negatively related to the food imports. Considering the magnitude of the effects in each index, we find that high uncertainty avoidance, long term orientation, and masculinity index restrain the food trade, while the high power distance index tends to increase food imports. Finally, individualism and indulgence index have a greater effect on food exports than imports.
{"title":"An Analysis of the Effect of Trading Countries’ Cultural Characteristics on Food Trade","authors":"G. Cho, Tae In Im, Yoonbai Kim","doi":"10.24997/kjae.2023.64.1.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24997/kjae.2023.64.1.45","url":null,"abstract":"The previous studies have suggested that the cultural characteristics of a country could affect consumer preference attitude toward innovation and international trade. To examine this effect, Hofstede’s multidimensional index of national culture has been popularly used. This paper focuses on the question of how the Hofstede individual cultural indices affect the international food trade using a gravity equation. The results show that the individual cultural characteristics have different effects on the food trade. An increase in the power distance, uncertainty avoidance, and masculinity index is negatively related to food exports, while an increase in the individualism and indulgence index is positively correlated with food exports. On the other hand, the power distance, and masculinity index have been positively related to the food imports, whereas individualism, uncertainty avoidance, and indulgence index have been negatively related to the food imports. Considering the magnitude of the effects in each index, we find that high uncertainty avoidance, long term orientation, and masculinity index restrain the food trade, while the high power distance index tends to increase food imports. Finally, individualism and indulgence index have a greater effect on food exports than imports.","PeriodicalId":136411,"journal":{"name":"Korean Agricultural Economics Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126051713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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