Objective: Clinical experience and observations suggest that there are some discrepancies between patients who directly apply to psychiatry clinic, and who are referred from gastroenterology clinic to psychiatry clinic. Thus, we aimed to investigate differences related to the demographic and clinical characteristics of these patients. Method: The study included 115 consecutive patients aged between 18-65 years. Sixty-one of the patients applied directly to the psychiatry clinic, and 54 patients were referred for consultation to the psychiatry clinic. Primary gastrointestinal complaints, psychiatric diagnoses and personality features were recorded on the scoiodemographic data form, and the severity of psychiatric disorders were assessed by the Clinical Global Impression Scale - Severity Subscale. Results: Patients who directly applied to psychiatry clinic were more likely to be female, older, and married. They attributed their gastrointestinal symptoms also more likely to be of psychogenic origin. Patients who directly applied to psychiatry clinic suffered more likely from a sense of fullness/abdominal tension, while patients who were referred to psychiatry clinic more frequently complained of bloating, abdominal pain, and constipation. Patients who directly applied to psychiatry clinic were more frequently diagnosed with depressive disorders, trauma related disorders, and personality disorders, whereas referrals were more frequently diagnosed with psychotic disorders. Directly admitted patients were also more likely to exhibit impulsivity as a personality feature. Conclusion: Patients with gastrointestinal symptoms who directly presented to psychiatry differed from those who were referred from gastroenterology clinics on some of their demographic aspects, primary psychiatric diagnoses and personality traits.
{"title":"Gastrointestinal symptoms in psychiatry: comparison of direct applications and referrals -","authors":"S. Batmaz, M. Yıldız, E. Songur","doi":"10.5350/DAJPN2016290301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5350/DAJPN2016290301","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Clinical experience and observations suggest that there are some discrepancies between patients who directly apply to psychiatry clinic, and who are referred from gastroenterology clinic to psychiatry clinic. Thus, we aimed to investigate differences related to the demographic and clinical characteristics of these patients. \u0000Method: The study included 115 consecutive patients aged between 18-65 years. Sixty-one of the patients applied directly to the psychiatry clinic, and 54 patients were referred for consultation to the psychiatry clinic. Primary gastrointestinal complaints, psychiatric diagnoses and personality features were recorded on the scoiodemographic data form, and the severity of psychiatric disorders were assessed by the Clinical Global Impression Scale - Severity Subscale. \u0000Results: Patients who directly applied to psychiatry clinic were more likely to be female, older, and married. They attributed their gastrointestinal symptoms also more likely to be of psychogenic origin. Patients who directly applied to psychiatry clinic suffered more likely from a sense of fullness/abdominal tension, while patients who were referred to psychiatry clinic more frequently complained of bloating, abdominal pain, and constipation. Patients who directly applied to psychiatry clinic were more frequently diagnosed with depressive disorders, trauma related disorders, and personality disorders, whereas referrals were more frequently diagnosed with psychotic disorders. Directly admitted patients were also more likely to exhibit impulsivity as a personality feature. \u0000Conclusion: Patients with gastrointestinal symptoms who directly presented to psychiatry differed from those who were referred from gastroenterology clinics on some of their demographic aspects, primary psychiatric diagnoses and personality traits.","PeriodicalId":136580,"journal":{"name":"Düşünen Adam: The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134221120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Development of Anger Regulation Scale for Adolescents (ARS-A): validity and reliability studies Objective: The purpose of this study is to develop an Anger Regulation Scale for Adolescents (ARS-A), and investigate its validity, and reliability for Turkish adolescents. Method: The participants were 630 secondary school students from 6th to 8th grade. Data were collected from four different sample groups attending the school. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis for ARS-A were employed to examine validity of the scale. In order to check the criterion-related validity of ARS-A, the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory was used. Convergent and differential reliability of the scale was examined, and parallel analysis was performed to determine number of factors of the scale. To test the reliability of the scale, Composite reliability, Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, item-total correlation values and test-retest values were computed. Results: Exploratory factor analysis yielded a three factor solution explaining 50.17% of variance. Moreover, confirmatory factor analysis performed with 18 items of ARS-A supported the three-factor solution and the model had good fit values. Cronbach’s alpha values indicating internal dysfunctional anger regulation subdimensions, were determined as 0.77 and as 0.78 for functional anger regulation and 0.76 for externaldysfunctional anger regulation subdimensions. The scale was applied to 97 students with two weeks’ interval, and test-retest reliability values were determined as r=0.74 for internal dysfunctional anger regulation, r=0.62 for both external dysfunctional anger regulation and functional anger regulation subdimensions. Conclusion: The present study indicates that the Anger Regulation Scale for Adolescents (ARS-A) is a valid and reliable instrument to asses anger regulation strategies in Turkish adolescents.
{"title":"Development of Anger Regulation Scale for Adolescents (ARS-A): Validity and Reliability Studies","authors":"M. Yildiz","doi":"10.5350/DAJPN2016290306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5350/DAJPN2016290306","url":null,"abstract":"Development of Anger Regulation Scale for Adolescents (ARS-A): validity and reliability studies Objective: The purpose of this study is to develop an Anger Regulation Scale for Adolescents (ARS-A), and investigate its validity, and reliability for Turkish adolescents. Method: The participants were 630 secondary school students from 6th to 8th grade. Data were collected from four different sample groups attending the school. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis for ARS-A were employed to examine validity of the scale. In order to check the criterion-related validity of ARS-A, the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory was used. Convergent and differential reliability of the scale was examined, and parallel analysis was performed to determine number of factors of the scale. To test the reliability of the scale, Composite reliability, Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, item-total correlation values and test-retest values were computed. Results: Exploratory factor analysis yielded a three factor solution explaining 50.17% of variance. Moreover, confirmatory factor analysis performed with 18 items of ARS-A supported the three-factor solution and the model had good fit values. Cronbach’s alpha values indicating internal dysfunctional anger regulation subdimensions, were determined as 0.77 and as 0.78 for functional anger regulation and 0.76 for externaldysfunctional anger regulation subdimensions. The scale was applied to 97 students with two weeks’ interval, and test-retest reliability values were determined as r=0.74 for internal dysfunctional anger regulation, r=0.62 for both external dysfunctional anger regulation and functional anger regulation subdimensions. Conclusion: The present study indicates that the Anger Regulation Scale for Adolescents (ARS-A) is a valid and reliable instrument to asses anger regulation strategies in Turkish adolescents.","PeriodicalId":136580,"journal":{"name":"Düşünen Adam: The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121562364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis: a neuropsychiatric entity AntiNMDA receptor encephalitis is a form of autoimmune encephalitis which manifests itself with acute or subacute onset psychiatric symptoms, seizures, autonomic dysfunction, and movement disorders. It is a rather recently described form which may progress fatal at about 20%, and which may recover with aggressive immunosuppressive treatment without any sequela. Multifocal, non-specific, subcortical white matter lesions can be observed in cranial magnetic resonance imaging. Since mostly it has paraneoplastic etiology, it is crucial to screen for malignancies after the diagnosis. Its diagnosis is very important, because it will lead early diagnosis of a possible mallignancy. In the present article, a case which applied to our outpatient clinic with noisy neuropsychiatric clinical picture, and was diagnosed with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis after evaluations, and treated with complete recovery, was presented.
{"title":"Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis: a neuropsychiatric entity -","authors":"Andac Topkan, S. Bilen, E. Eruyar, Y. Karadag","doi":"10.5350/DAJPN2016290312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5350/DAJPN2016290312","url":null,"abstract":"Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis: a neuropsychiatric entity AntiNMDA receptor encephalitis is a form of autoimmune encephalitis which manifests itself with acute or subacute onset psychiatric symptoms, seizures, autonomic dysfunction, and movement disorders. It is a rather recently described form which may progress fatal at about 20%, and which may recover with aggressive immunosuppressive treatment without any sequela. Multifocal, non-specific, subcortical white matter lesions can be observed in cranial magnetic resonance imaging. Since mostly it has paraneoplastic etiology, it is crucial to screen for malignancies after the diagnosis. Its diagnosis is very important, because it will lead early diagnosis of a possible mallignancy. In the present article, a case which applied to our outpatient clinic with noisy neuropsychiatric clinical picture, and was diagnosed with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis after evaluations, and treated with complete recovery, was presented.","PeriodicalId":136580,"journal":{"name":"Düşünen Adam: The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124100492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Kutuk, Emine Durmuş, C. Gokcen, F. Toros, G. Guler, Erkan Evegu
Determination of beliefs, attitudes of consulting teachers towards mental diseases, and referral reasons of their students to a child and adolescent psychiatrist Objective: In the present study, the aim was to evaluate the beliefs and attitudes of school counselors about mental illnesses, and reasons why counselors referred students to psychiatrists. Method: The study was carried out with 118 school counselors. Data were collected with sociodemographic information form and Beliefs toward Mental Illness Scale (BMIS). Results: According to study results, 15.3% of school counselors stated that they referred to a psychiatrist for their own psychological problems at some time, and 32% of subjects referred their own children to a child and adolescent psychiatrist. The proportion of teachers who referred their students to a child and adolescent psychiatrist was 89.8%. Scores of school counselors were 80.41±9.32 in overall BMIS, 28.82±5.35 in dangerousness, 43.83±4.93 in poor social and interpersonal skills, and 7.76±1.81 points in incurability subscales. No statistically significant relationship was determined between mean scores of participants and gender, age, marital status, institution where they work, working duration, and graduate program they attended. The four most frequent student referral causes were conduct disorder (31.10%), attention deficit (16.10%), depressive mood (14.72%) and hyperactivity (12.20%). Conclusion: It is noticed that school counselors have negative beliefs about mental disorders, feel shame because of them, and they regard these patients dangerous. On the other hand, participants believe that these disorders lead to despair in individuals and impair interpersonal communication. According to the literature search, this study is the first investigating beliefs and attitudes of school counselors about mental illnesses, and reasons why they refer students to psychiatrists.
{"title":"Determination of beliefs, attitudes of consulting teachers towards mental diseases, and referral reasons of their students to a child and adolescent psychiatrist","authors":"M. Kutuk, Emine Durmuş, C. Gokcen, F. Toros, G. Guler, Erkan Evegu","doi":"10.5350/DAJPN2016290304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5350/DAJPN2016290304","url":null,"abstract":"Determination of beliefs, attitudes of consulting teachers towards mental diseases, and referral reasons of their students to a child and adolescent psychiatrist Objective: In the present study, the aim was to evaluate the beliefs and attitudes of school counselors about mental illnesses, and reasons why counselors referred students to psychiatrists. Method: The study was carried out with 118 school counselors. Data were collected with sociodemographic information form and Beliefs toward Mental Illness Scale (BMIS). Results: According to study results, 15.3% of school counselors stated that they referred to a psychiatrist for their own psychological problems at some time, and 32% of subjects referred their own children to a child and adolescent psychiatrist. The proportion of teachers who referred their students to a child and adolescent psychiatrist was 89.8%. Scores of school counselors were 80.41±9.32 in overall BMIS, 28.82±5.35 in dangerousness, 43.83±4.93 in poor social and interpersonal skills, and 7.76±1.81 points in incurability subscales. No statistically significant relationship was determined between mean scores of participants and gender, age, marital status, institution where they work, working duration, and graduate program they attended. The four most frequent student referral causes were conduct disorder (31.10%), attention deficit (16.10%), depressive mood (14.72%) and hyperactivity (12.20%). Conclusion: It is noticed that school counselors have negative beliefs about mental disorders, feel shame because of them, and they regard these patients dangerous. On the other hand, participants believe that these disorders lead to despair in individuals and impair interpersonal communication. According to the literature search, this study is the first investigating beliefs and attitudes of school counselors about mental illnesses, and reasons why they refer students to psychiatrists.","PeriodicalId":136580,"journal":{"name":"Düşünen Adam: The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128016710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The relationships between self-handicapping tendency and narcissistic personality traits, anxiety sensitivity, social support, academic achievement Objective: Successful experiences in life increase motivation of individuals and support their efficacy perceptions, whereas unsuccessful experiences reduce their motivations. Individuals who generally avoid failures can sometimes prefer to be unsuccessful as a self-handicapping strategy. The basic psychological reason underlying this situation is individual’s effort to protect him/herself through attributing reasons of failure to external factors. The main aim of this study is to examine relationships between self-destroying tendency and narcissistic personality traits, anxiety sensitivity, perceived social support and academic achievement. In this context, expression of “narcissistic personality traits, anxiety sensitivity, social support and academic achievement explain self-handicapping tendency significantly” is the main hypothesis of the study. Methods: Sample size consists of 483 university students (female=351 [72.7%]); male=132 [27.3%]). The mean age was 21.25±3.44 years. The data collection tools were Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3, Self-handicapping Scale, Narcissistic Personality Inventory, Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale and the Personal Information Form. Results: Established regression model explained 31% of total variance in self-handicapping tendencies (F [9;482]=25.16, p<0.01). As narcissistic personality inventory subscales, authority (ß=0.08, p<0.05), self-sufficiency (ß=-0.18, p<0.01) and entitlement (ß=0.11, p<0.01) contributed to regression model significantly, while contribution of superiority (ß=-0.02, p>0.05), exhibitionism (ß=-0.01, p>0.05) and exploitation (ß=-0.03, p>0.05) was not significant. Additionally, anxiety sensitivity (ß=0.39, p<0.01), perceived social support (ß=-0.11, p<0.01) and academic achievement (ß=-0.19, p<0.01) had significant contributions to the model. Conclusions: Self-handicapping is explained significantly by anxiety sensitivity, perceived social support, academic achievement and subscales of narcissism, such as authority, self-sufficiency and entitlement.
{"title":"The Relationships Between Self-Handicapping Tendency and Narcissistic Personality Traits, Anxiety Sensitivity, Social Support, Academic Achievement","authors":"Ayşe Kalyon, İbrahim Dadandı, H. Yazıcı","doi":"10.5350/DAJPN2016290305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5350/DAJPN2016290305","url":null,"abstract":"The relationships between self-handicapping tendency and narcissistic personality traits, anxiety sensitivity, social support, academic achievement Objective: Successful experiences in life increase motivation of individuals and support their efficacy perceptions, whereas unsuccessful experiences reduce their motivations. Individuals who generally avoid failures can sometimes prefer to be unsuccessful as a self-handicapping strategy. The basic psychological reason underlying this situation is individual’s effort to protect him/herself through attributing reasons of failure to external factors. The main aim of this study is to examine relationships between self-destroying tendency and narcissistic personality traits, anxiety sensitivity, perceived social support and academic achievement. In this context, expression of “narcissistic personality traits, anxiety sensitivity, social support and academic achievement explain self-handicapping tendency significantly” is the main hypothesis of the study. Methods: Sample size consists of 483 university students (female=351 [72.7%]); male=132 [27.3%]). The mean age was 21.25±3.44 years. The data collection tools were Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3, Self-handicapping Scale, Narcissistic Personality Inventory, Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale and the Personal Information Form. Results: Established regression model explained 31% of total variance in self-handicapping tendencies (F [9;482]=25.16, p<0.01). As narcissistic personality inventory subscales, authority (ß=0.08, p<0.05), self-sufficiency (ß=-0.18, p<0.01) and entitlement (ß=0.11, p<0.01) contributed to regression model significantly, while contribution of superiority (ß=-0.02, p>0.05), exhibitionism (ß=-0.01, p>0.05) and exploitation (ß=-0.03, p>0.05) was not significant. Additionally, anxiety sensitivity (ß=0.39, p<0.01), perceived social support (ß=-0.11, p<0.01) and academic achievement (ß=-0.19, p<0.01) had significant contributions to the model. Conclusions: Self-handicapping is explained significantly by anxiety sensitivity, perceived social support, academic achievement and subscales of narcissism, such as authority, self-sufficiency and entitlement.","PeriodicalId":136580,"journal":{"name":"Düşünen Adam: The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134546073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Relationship between drug compliance, coping with stress, and social support in patients with bipolar disorder Objective: In bipolar disorder, recurrence rate is relatively high. With each episode, the risk of a new episode is increased. The first choice is drug treatment. However, patients have serious difficulties in drug compliance. This study was conducted to investigate drug compliance of patients with bipolar disorder, and to determine relationships between drug compliance, coping with stress, and social support. Method: The target population of the study included 280 patients registered in a state hospital with the diagnosis of bipolar disorder in 2011, residing in the city center, and having no other psychiatric disorders. Of these 280 patients, 150 who agreed to participate in the study and accepted to be visited at home after they were telephoned comprised the study sample. Of the patients in the target population, phone numbers and addresses were changed in 112 patients, and 18 refused to have a home-visit, so they were excluded from the study. Data were collected using the personal information form, Morisky Medication Adherence Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support and Ways of Coping Scale. Results: In this study, it was determined that 55.3% of the patients did not comply with drug treatment. The patients with poor drug compliance preferred mainly desperate approach and submissive approach subdimensions of the Ways of Coping Scale more. There was no difference between patients with and without drug compliances in terms of social support. Conclusions: It is considered that development of effective coping strategies would promote drug compliance in patients with bipolar disorder.
{"title":"Relationship Between Drug Compliance, Coping with Stress, and Social Support in Patients with Bipolar Disorder","authors":"A. Aksoy, M. Kelleci","doi":"10.5350/DAJPN2016290302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5350/DAJPN2016290302","url":null,"abstract":"Relationship between drug compliance, coping with stress, and social support in patients with bipolar disorder Objective: In bipolar disorder, recurrence rate is relatively high. With each episode, the risk of a new episode is increased. The first choice is drug treatment. However, patients have serious difficulties in drug compliance. This study was conducted to investigate drug compliance of patients with bipolar disorder, and to determine relationships between drug compliance, coping with stress, and social support. Method: The target population of the study included 280 patients registered in a state hospital with the diagnosis of bipolar disorder in 2011, residing in the city center, and having no other psychiatric disorders. Of these 280 patients, 150 who agreed to participate in the study and accepted to be visited at home after they were telephoned comprised the study sample. Of the patients in the target population, phone numbers and addresses were changed in 112 patients, and 18 refused to have a home-visit, so they were excluded from the study. Data were collected using the personal information form, Morisky Medication Adherence Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support and Ways of Coping Scale. Results: In this study, it was determined that 55.3% of the patients did not comply with drug treatment. The patients with poor drug compliance preferred mainly desperate approach and submissive approach subdimensions of the Ways of Coping Scale more. There was no difference between patients with and without drug compliances in terms of social support. Conclusions: It is considered that development of effective coping strategies would promote drug compliance in patients with bipolar disorder.","PeriodicalId":136580,"journal":{"name":"Düşünen Adam: The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114757754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pedophilic disorder is defined as having recurrent, intense sexually arousing fantasies, sexual urges or behaviors involving sexual activity with a prepubescent child or children over a period of at least 6 months. Incest, on the other hand, is a sexual activity or assault between family members or close relatives and when towards a child can be defined as the sexual abuse of the child. The concomitance of pedophilic disorder and incest is an important detail which is usually ignored. We would like to emphasize in this case presentation that concomitance of these two pictures are significant in targeted medical and social aspects.
{"title":"Pedophilic disorder and incest: a case report -","authors":"Hüseyin Bulut","doi":"10.5350/DAJPN2016290311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5350/DAJPN2016290311","url":null,"abstract":"Pedophilic disorder is defined as having recurrent, intense sexually arousing fantasies, sexual urges or behaviors involving sexual activity with a prepubescent child or children over a period of at least 6 months. Incest, on the other hand, is a sexual activity or assault between family members or close relatives and when towards a child can be defined as the sexual abuse of the child. The concomitance of pedophilic disorder and incest is an important detail which is usually ignored. We would like to emphasize in this case presentation that concomitance of these two pictures are significant in targeted medical and social aspects.","PeriodicalId":136580,"journal":{"name":"Düşünen Adam: The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127870350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Evren, G. Umut, Ruken Agachanli, B. Evren, M. Bozkurt, Y. Can
Validation study of the Turkish version of the Craving Typology Questionnaire (CTQ) in male alcohol-dependent patients Objective: Alcohol craving is considered a core symptom of alcohol use disorder and a strong predictor of relapse in alcohol-dependent adults. The Craving Typology Questionnaire (CTQ) allows dimensional selfrating assessment of craving according to a three-pathway psychobiological model of craving (reward, relief, and obsessive craving). Aim of the present study was to evaluate psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the CTQ in a sample of inpatients and outpatients with alcohol use disorder (AUD). Method: Participants included 157 inpatients and outpatients with AUD. Participants were evaluated with the CTQ and the Obsessive-Compulsive Drinking Scale (OCDS), which includes items to evaluate both total craving and its obsessive and compulsive components. Results: The obsessive, relief, and reward craving components accounted for 27.91%, 8.17% and 7.23% of total variance, respectively. Items 7 and 8 were included in obsessive craving and item 10 was included in relief craving instead of reward craving. Obsessive craving had a Cronbach’s α of 0.87, whereas the coefficients were 0.64 for relief craving and 0.42 for reward craving. Items were moderately correlated with their subscales. All types of craving were moderately correlated with OCDS and the obsessive dimension of OCDS, whereas they were mildly correlated with the compulsion dimension of OCDS. Conclusion: Our findings confirm the Turkish version of the CPQ to be a reliable and valid instrument that measures three dimensions of craving among patients with AUD.
{"title":"Validation study of the Turkish version of the Craving Typology Questionnaire (CTQ) in male alcohol-dependent patients -","authors":"C. Evren, G. Umut, Ruken Agachanli, B. Evren, M. Bozkurt, Y. Can","doi":"10.5350/DAJPN2016290303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5350/DAJPN2016290303","url":null,"abstract":"Validation study of the Turkish version of the Craving Typology Questionnaire (CTQ) in male alcohol-dependent patients Objective: Alcohol craving is considered a core symptom of alcohol use disorder and a strong predictor of relapse in alcohol-dependent adults. The Craving Typology Questionnaire (CTQ) allows dimensional selfrating assessment of craving according to a three-pathway psychobiological model of craving (reward, relief, and obsessive craving). Aim of the present study was to evaluate psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the CTQ in a sample of inpatients and outpatients with alcohol use disorder (AUD). Method: Participants included 157 inpatients and outpatients with AUD. Participants were evaluated with the CTQ and the Obsessive-Compulsive Drinking Scale (OCDS), which includes items to evaluate both total craving and its obsessive and compulsive components. Results: The obsessive, relief, and reward craving components accounted for 27.91%, 8.17% and 7.23% of total variance, respectively. Items 7 and 8 were included in obsessive craving and item 10 was included in relief craving instead of reward craving. Obsessive craving had a Cronbach’s α of 0.87, whereas the coefficients were 0.64 for relief craving and 0.42 for reward craving. Items were moderately correlated with their subscales. All types of craving were moderately correlated with OCDS and the obsessive dimension of OCDS, whereas they were mildly correlated with the compulsion dimension of OCDS. Conclusion: Our findings confirm the Turkish version of the CPQ to be a reliable and valid instrument that measures three dimensions of craving among patients with AUD.","PeriodicalId":136580,"journal":{"name":"Düşünen Adam: The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133013162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-26DOI: 10.5350/DAJPN20162903001
B. O’Donnell, Ashley M. Schnakenberg Martin
INTRODUCTION S ince the introduction of typical antipsychotic medications in the 1950s and subsequent development of novel or atypical antipsychotic medications in the 1990s, pharmacological treatment has been central to the management of schizophrenia (1,2). Both typical and novel antipsychotic medications decrease hallucinations and delusions in patients, and reduce relapse rates compared to placebo. A meta-analysis of 65 trials demonstrated that antipsychotic drugs reduced relapse rates at one year (27%) compared to placebo (64%), with evidence also suggesting better quality of life, and fewer aggressive behaviors in treated patients (3). Nevertheless, the long term course of schizophrenia remains disappointing, with only a minority of patients sustaining high levels of psychosocial and occupational function after the first episode of illness. Hegarty conducted a meta-analysis of the pre-and post-chlorpromazine era (1895 to 1992) comparing outcomes at an average of 5.6 years of follow-up (4). Improvement was defined as recovery with minimal to mild clinical symptoms and good psychosocial functioning as indicated by work or independent living. Hegarty found that the proportion of patients diagnosed with narrow criteria (at least six months of illness) who improved increased after the mid-20 th century from 35% to 48%, suggesting that while antipsychotic medication had a modest positive effect on long term outcomes, many patients still failed to show good recovery. A more recent meta-analysis applied a definition of recovery that required both clinical remission and good social functioning that persisted at least two years and included studies from the novel antipsychotic period (5). Using the criteria of sustained clinical and psychosocial recovery, the median proportion of patients who met recovery criteria was only 14%. The recovery rates did not differ by gender, duration of follow-up, time of data collection or strictness of diagnostic criteria. Because the onset of schizophrenia is typically early in adulthood, the disability and diminished quality of life in the disorder takes an enormous toll on affected individuals and caregivers. Moreover, schizophrenia is associated with a 2 to 3-fold increase in mortality rates compared to the general population (6) with life expectancy reduced up to two decades (7-9). Common causes of death include cardiovascular mortality, Emerging behavioral and psychotherapeutic interventions for schizophrenia cancer mortality, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, influenza and pneumonia, substance-induced death, accidental death and suicide (10,11). Factors that likely contribute to increased mortality in schizophrenia include tobacco smoking, alcohol dependence or addiction, obesity, lack of adequate medical care, lack of …
{"title":"Emerging behavioral and psychotherapeutic interventions for schizophrenia","authors":"B. O’Donnell, Ashley M. Schnakenberg Martin","doi":"10.5350/DAJPN20162903001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5350/DAJPN20162903001","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION S ince the introduction of typical antipsychotic medications in the 1950s and subsequent development of novel or atypical antipsychotic medications in the 1990s, pharmacological treatment has been central to the management of schizophrenia (1,2). Both typical and novel antipsychotic medications decrease hallucinations and delusions in patients, and reduce relapse rates compared to placebo. A meta-analysis of 65 trials demonstrated that antipsychotic drugs reduced relapse rates at one year (27%) compared to placebo (64%), with evidence also suggesting better quality of life, and fewer aggressive behaviors in treated patients (3). Nevertheless, the long term course of schizophrenia remains disappointing, with only a minority of patients sustaining high levels of psychosocial and occupational function after the first episode of illness. Hegarty conducted a meta-analysis of the pre-and post-chlorpromazine era (1895 to 1992) comparing outcomes at an average of 5.6 years of follow-up (4). Improvement was defined as recovery with minimal to mild clinical symptoms and good psychosocial functioning as indicated by work or independent living. Hegarty found that the proportion of patients diagnosed with narrow criteria (at least six months of illness) who improved increased after the mid-20 th century from 35% to 48%, suggesting that while antipsychotic medication had a modest positive effect on long term outcomes, many patients still failed to show good recovery. A more recent meta-analysis applied a definition of recovery that required both clinical remission and good social functioning that persisted at least two years and included studies from the novel antipsychotic period (5). Using the criteria of sustained clinical and psychosocial recovery, the median proportion of patients who met recovery criteria was only 14%. The recovery rates did not differ by gender, duration of follow-up, time of data collection or strictness of diagnostic criteria. Because the onset of schizophrenia is typically early in adulthood, the disability and diminished quality of life in the disorder takes an enormous toll on affected individuals and caregivers. Moreover, schizophrenia is associated with a 2 to 3-fold increase in mortality rates compared to the general population (6) with life expectancy reduced up to two decades (7-9). Common causes of death include cardiovascular mortality, Emerging behavioral and psychotherapeutic interventions for schizophrenia cancer mortality, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, influenza and pneumonia, substance-induced death, accidental death and suicide (10,11). Factors that likely contribute to increased mortality in schizophrenia include tobacco smoking, alcohol dependence or addiction, obesity, lack of adequate medical care, lack of …","PeriodicalId":136580,"journal":{"name":"Düşünen Adam: The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116281862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Nalbant, A. Can, H. Burhan, A. Cansız, K. F. Yavuz, M. Delice, E. Kurt
Objective: Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a group of delayed-onset iatrogenic movement disorders caused by dopamine receptor-blocking agents. TD prevalence is estimated as 20-50% of all patients treated with neuroleptics. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence rate of TD in long-term hospitalized patients with schizophrenia. Method: We recorded age, gender, duration and type (first/second generation or mixed) of medication both at the time of interview and over preceding years. Dyskinesia was assessed by using the Abnormal Involuntary Movements Scale (AIMS). We also used the Simpson–Angus Scale for tardive parkinsonism. Akathisia was measured using the Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale (BARS). Results: Mean duration of the longest used antipsychotic was 206.63 months. Probable TD was found in 18 (22.5%) of patients. None of the patients had tardive akathisia. Relation between type of the longest used treatment and prevalence of TD was not statistically significant. Relationship between type of ongoing treatment and prevalence of TD was not determined statistically significant either. There was a statistically significant relationship between the mean age and TD. Discussion: Despite very long duration of antipsychotic use, 22.5% rate of prevalence is still lower than expected. This can be explained that these patients are under direct and close follow-up of healthcare providers and in hospital conditions, so that risky conditions can be intervened rapidly. Another noteworthy finding of our study is that there is no statistically significant difference betwen first and second generation antipsychotic use and TD prevalence.
{"title":"Tardive Dyskinesia in Long Term Hospitalized Patients with Schizophrenia","authors":"A. Nalbant, A. Can, H. Burhan, A. Cansız, K. F. Yavuz, M. Delice, E. Kurt","doi":"10.5350/DAJPN2016290307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5350/DAJPN2016290307","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a group of delayed-onset iatrogenic movement disorders caused by dopamine receptor-blocking agents. TD prevalence is estimated as 20-50% of all patients treated with neuroleptics. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence rate of TD in long-term hospitalized patients with schizophrenia. \u0000Method: We recorded age, gender, duration and type (first/second generation or mixed) of medication both at the time of interview and over preceding years. Dyskinesia was assessed by using the Abnormal Involuntary Movements Scale (AIMS). We also used the Simpson–Angus Scale for tardive parkinsonism. Akathisia was measured using the Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale (BARS). \u0000Results: Mean duration of the longest used antipsychotic was 206.63 months. Probable TD was found in 18 (22.5%) of patients. None of the patients had tardive akathisia. Relation between type of the longest used treatment and prevalence of TD was not statistically significant. Relationship between type of ongoing treatment and prevalence of TD was not determined statistically significant either. There was a statistically significant relationship between the mean age and TD. \u0000Discussion: Despite very long duration of antipsychotic use, 22.5% rate of prevalence is still lower than expected. This can be explained that these patients are under direct and close follow-up of healthcare providers and in hospital conditions, so that risky conditions can be intervened rapidly. Another noteworthy finding of our study is that there is no statistically significant difference betwen first and second generation antipsychotic use and TD prevalence.","PeriodicalId":136580,"journal":{"name":"Düşünen Adam: The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126876987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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