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Relation of language features with maternal depression, family functioning, and digital technology usage in children with developmental language delay–comparison with healthy controls 发展性语言迟缓儿童语言特征与母亲抑郁、家庭功能和数字技术使用的关系——与健康对照比较
Pub Date : 2017-12-27 DOI: 10.5350/DAJPN2017300403
G. Özyurt, C. Elikucuk
Relation of language features with maternal depression, family functioning, and digital technology usage in children with developmental language delay–comparison with healthy controls Objective: Language and communication are very important in the social, emotional and cognitive development of children. Developmental language delay (DLD) is one of the most frequent developmental problems. This study aims to evaluate and compare language profiles between children diagnosed with DLD and healthy controls. The relation between language development and maternal depression, family functioning, and digital device usage is also evaluated. Method: Eighty-eight children diagnosed with DLD and 92 healthy controls with no developmental delay or chronic diseases attending other policlinics were included in the study. All the children were in the 24-72 months age interval. Test of Early Language Development was used to evaluate language profiles; the Beck Depression Inventory was used to examine maternal depression; and the McMaster Family Assessment Device was used to evaluate family functioning. The researchers prepared a questionnaire to assess the subjects’ digital device usage. Results: The sociodemographic features of the groups were similar. Statistically significant differences were found in all language subscales between groups. Maternal depression level in the DLD group was higher than that of the control group. There were more problems in family functioning in the DLD group than among the controls. Digital technology usage and non-supervised digital technology usage were more than in the control group. Conclusion: Early intervention in DLD is very important. Incorporating mothers in the treatment process, evaluating maternal mental health and informing them about digital technology usage may provide positive results for children diagnosed with DLD.
发展性语言迟缓儿童语言特征与母亲抑郁、家庭功能和数字技术使用的关系——与健康对照比较目的:语言和交流在儿童的社会、情感和认知发展中起着重要作用。发展性语言迟缓(Developmental language delay, DLD)是最常见的发育问题之一。本研究旨在评估和比较诊断为DLD的儿童与健康对照组的语言特征。语言发展与母亲抑郁、家庭功能和数字设备使用之间的关系也被评估。方法:将88例诊断为DLD的儿童和92例在其他门诊就诊的无发育迟缓和慢性疾病的健康对照纳入研究。所有患儿均为24-72月龄。早期语言发展测试用于评估语言概况;采用贝克抑郁量表(Beck Depression Inventory)检查产妇抑郁情况;麦克马斯特家庭评估装置被用来评估家庭功能。研究人员准备了一份调查问卷来评估受试者的数字设备使用情况。结果:两组的社会人口学特征相似。各组间所有语言量表均有统计学差异。DLD组产妇抑郁水平高于对照组。与对照组相比,DLD组的家庭功能出现了更多的问题。数字技术的使用和无监督的数字技术的使用比对照组多。结论:DLD的早期干预至关重要。将母亲纳入治疗过程,评估母亲的心理健康,并告知她们数字技术的使用情况,可能会为被诊断患有DLD的儿童带来积极的结果。
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引用次数: 3
A call to action for the prevention of hepatitis C infection among intravenous drug users in Turkey 呼吁采取行动预防土耳其静脉注射吸毒者感染丙型肝炎
Pub Date : 2017-12-27 DOI: 10.5350/DAJPN20173004001
C. Evren, R. Bilici, Enver Üçbilek, D. Inan
1Bakirkoy Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatry Neurology and Neurosurgery, Research, Treatment and Training Center for Alcohol and Substance Dependence (AMATEM), Istanbul Turkey 2Erenkoy Mental Health and Neurology Training and Research Hospital, Center for Alcohol and Substance Dependence (AMATEM) / University of Health Sciences Addiction Research and Application Center, Istanbul Turkey 3Mersin University, Department of Gastroenterology, Mersin Turkey 4Akdeniz University Medical Faculty, Department of Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology, Antalya Turkey Editorial / Editoryal Dusunen Adam The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences 2017;30:271-277 DOI: 10.5350/DAJPN20173004001
1Bakirkoy精神病学、神经病学和神经外科培训和研究医院,酒精和物质依赖研究、治疗和培训中心(AMATEM),土耳其伊斯坦布尔2Erenkoy精神健康和神经病学培训和研究医院,酒精和物质依赖中心(AMATEM) /健康科学大学成瘾研究和应用中心,土耳其伊斯坦布尔3Mersin大学,消化内科,土耳其Mersin 4Akdeniz大学医学院,传染病和临床微生物学系,土耳其安塔利亚编辑/编辑Dusunen Adam《精神病学和神经科学杂志》2017;30:271-277 DOI: 10.5350/DAJPN20173004001
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引用次数: 5
The seroprevalence of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii among children with autism 自闭症儿童刚地弓形虫抗体的血清阳性率
Pub Date : 2017-12-27 DOI: 10.5350/DAJPN2017300404
E. Esnafoglu, E. Demir, Y. Çetinkol, M. Çalgın, A. Erdil, E. Ertürk, A. Dağlı
Objective: Although attempts have been made to explain the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) with many factors such as genetic, immunological, environmental, and infectious agents, this mechanism remains for the most part unknown. Toxoplasma gondii is a parasite that is investigated in many psychiatric diseases. This work examines whether toxoplasmosis plays a role in the pathogenesis of ASD through a seroprevalence study. Method: This study is based on a comparison of 102 children with ASD and 51 healthy children. In addition to routine laboratory tests, a sociodemographic form and a childhood autism rating scale were completed and the participants’ anti-toxoplasma IgM and IgG titers were requested. Results: In 3 ASD children (2.9%) and in 1 control (2%), IgG positivity was identified. All subjects were negative for IgM. There was no statistically significant difference found between the two groups in terms of toxoplasma seropositivity. Conclusion: Our data does not confirm the involvement of toxoplasmosis in the etiopathogenesis of ASD.
目的:虽然人们试图从遗传、免疫、环境和感染等多种因素来解释自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)的发病机制,但这一机制在很大程度上仍是未知的。刚地弓形虫是一种寄生虫,在许多精神疾病中都有研究。本研究通过血清患病率研究弓形虫病是否在ASD发病机制中起作用。方法:将102例ASD患儿与51例健康患儿进行比较。除常规实验室检测外,还完成了社会人口学表格和儿童自闭症评定量表,并要求参与者进行€™抗弓形虫IgM和IgG滴度检测。结果:3例ASD患儿(2.9%)和1例对照组(2%)IgG阳性。所有受试者IgM均为阴性。两组血清弓形虫阳性无统计学差异。结论:我们的数据不能证实弓形虫病参与ASD的发病机制。
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引用次数: 5
Fluoxetine-induced hypertrichosis Fluoxetine-induced多毛症
Pub Date : 2017-12-27 DOI: 10.5350/dajpn2017300413
M. Orum, Aysun Kalenderoglu, O. Eğilmez
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引用次数: 0
The effect of psychoeducation on the anger management of adolescents diagnosed with conduct disorder 心理教育对品行障碍青少年愤怒管理的影响
Pub Date : 2017-12-27 DOI: 10.5350/DAJPN2017300409
Gülçin Uzunoğlu, L. B. Arabacı
The effect of psychoeducation on the anger management of adolescents diagnosed with conduct disorder Objective: This study was conducted to analyze the effect of psychoeducation given to adolescents diagnosed with conduct disorder who were receiving treatment at a regional mental hospital for their anger management. Method: A “Quasi-experimental design with pre-test–post-test control group” model was used for this research. In the first phase of the study, the “State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory” was administered to 34 adolescents aged between 12-18 diagnosed with conduct disorder who were being treated as inpatients at a children and adolescent psychiatry department of a regional mental hospital. In the second phase, 16 adolescents diagnosed with anger management problems according to the same scale were divided into two equal groups: an intervention group and a control group. Eight adolescents from the intervention group who accepted to take part in the research were included in a 6-session Anger Management Education Program, which was prepared by a researcher and scheduled once a week. During this period, the 8 adolescents in the control group only received medical treatment; no other form of intervention was applied. After completing the psychoeducation program, the “State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory” was administered again as a post-test to individuals in both the intervention and the control group. Frequencypercentage distribution was used for the assessment of the research data and the t-test was used for paired comparison. Results: Our study found that post-education test score means for all the scales (State-Trait Anger, Anger-In, Anger-Out, Anger control) were significantly different from pre-test score means in the intervention group. In the control group however, the State-Trait Anger scale score means were different from pre-test following education, but it was detected that anger sub scale score means were not different from pre-test. Conclusion: It is thought that the application of an Anger Management Education Program to adolescents with conduct disorder has positive effects on the adolescents’ state-trait anger. Positive changes in the anger scores of the adolescents in the control group are thought to be a result of the drug treatment applied.
心理教育对品行障碍青少年愤怒管理的影响目的:分析心理教育对在地区精神病院接受治疗的品行障碍青少年愤怒管理的效果。方法:采用准实验设计,前测后测对照组模型。在研究的第一阶段,对34名年龄在12-18岁之间被诊断为品行障碍的青少年进行了“状态-特质愤怒表达量表”,这些青少年在一家地区精神病院的儿童和青少年精神科住院治疗。在第二阶段,根据相同的量表,16名被诊断出有愤怒管理问题的青少年被分为两组:干预组和对照组。来自干预组的八名接受参与研究的青少年被纳入了一个为期6次的愤怒管理教育项目,该项目由一名研究人员准备,每周安排一次。在此期间,对照组的8名青少年仅接受药物治疗;没有采用其他形式的干预。在完成心理教育项目后,再次对干预组和对照组的个体进行“状态-特质愤怒表达量表”的后测。研究资料的评价采用频率百分比分布,配对比较采用t检验。结果:干预组在状态-特质愤怒、愤怒-入、愤怒-出、愤怒控制等各量表的教育后测试得分均值与测试前得分均值存在显著差异。对照组在教育后的状态-特质愤怒量表得分均值与前测有差异,但愤怒子量表得分均值与前测无差异。结论:对品行障碍青少年实施愤怒管理教育对其状态-特质愤怒有积极影响。控制组青少年愤怒得分的积极变化被认为是应用药物治疗的结果。
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引用次数: 3
The neurobiology and evolutionary foundation of the perception of beauty 感知美的神经生物学和进化基础
Pub Date : 2017-12-27 DOI: 10.5350/dajpn2017300412
E. Eşel, Gulistan Polat Esel
The neurobiology and evolutionary foundations of the perception of beauty Beauty in human beings can be defined as physical attractiveness to the opposite sex. Although the perception of attractiveness varies between cultures and individuals to a certain extent, it is established that most of the criteria for attractiveness are common among many cultures. According to evolutionary psychologists, facial and body-related features that people find attractive reflect the adaptations determined by sexual selection, which is one of the driving forces of evolution. These adaptations evolved to explore the mate value and reproductive success of a potential partner. Being attractive provides many social advantages to a person, and it is known that people make some positive attributions about other characteristics of such a person as well. Among humans, features such as facial beauty, youth, body shape, behaviors, voice tone, and ornamentation are important factors in the evaluation of attractiveness of the
人类的美可以被定义为对异性的身体吸引力。虽然不同文化和个人对吸引力的看法在一定程度上有所不同,但可以确定的是,大多数吸引力标准在许多文化中是共同的。根据进化心理学家的说法,人们认为有吸引力的面部和身体相关特征反映了由性选择决定的适应性,这是进化的动力之一。这些适应进化是为了探索配偶的价值和潜在伴侣的繁殖成功率。有吸引力为一个人提供了许多社会优势,众所周知,人们也会对这样一个人的其他特征做出一些积极的归因。在人类中,面部美、年轻、体型、行为、声调和纹饰等特征是评价一个人的吸引力的重要因素
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引用次数: 0
Paliperidone-related gynecomastia and treatment: a case report - 与帕立酮相关的男性乳房发育及治疗1例报告
Pub Date : 2017-09-22 DOI: 10.5350/DAJPN2017300310
N. Keskin, L. Tamam
Hyperprolactinemia is a frequent adverse effect of typical antipsychotics and atypical antipsychotics such as risperidone, amisulpride, and paliperidone. Side effects due to hyperprolactinemia are less frequent in males and sometimes these symptoms are overlooked. The management of a patient with antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia must be patient specific. The recommended treatments include reducing dose of the offending antipsychotic, switching to another antipsychotic, using dopamine receptor agonist, adding sex steroids or aripiprazole to the treatment. In this report, a case that developed gynecomastia in the second month of the paliperidone treatment is presented, and its treatment is discussed.
高催乳素血症是典型抗精神病药物和非典型抗精神病药物如利培酮、氨硫pride和帕利哌酮的常见不良反应。高泌乳素血症引起的副作用在男性中较少见,有时这些症状被忽视。抗精神病药诱导的高泌乳素血症患者的处理必须是患者特异性的。推荐的治疗方法包括减少抗精神病药物的剂量,换用另一种抗精神病药物,使用多巴胺受体激动剂,在治疗中加入性类固醇或阿立哌唑。本文报告一例在使用帕利哌酮治疗后第二个月发生男性乳房发育症的病例,并对其治疗方法进行了讨论。
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引用次数: 1
Agomelatine may alleviate valproate induced hair loss 阿戈美拉汀可以减轻丙戊酸盐引起的脱发
Pub Date : 2017-09-22 DOI: 10.5350/DAJPN2017300313
E. Sahin, S. Can, A. Çayköylü, M. Atagün
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引用次数: 2
Overview of young people attempting suicide by drug overdose and prevention and protection services 青少年吸毒过量企图自杀的概况及预防和保护服务
Pub Date : 2017-09-22 DOI: 10.5350/DAJPN2017300308
Çilem Bilginer, Esra Cop, Z. Goker, Ozlem Hekim, Ebru Sekmen, O. Uneri
Overview of young people attempting suicide by drug overdose and prevention and protection services Objective: Suicide is the second leading cause of death among 15-29 year-old-people in the world. The aim of this study is to present the characteristics of children and adolescents attempting suicide by drug overdose and to draw attention to preventive measures that can be taken in Turkey. Method: Records of the patients who admitted to a training and research hospital in one year period due to a suicide attempt by drug overdose were reviewed retrospectively. Sociodemographic data and psychiatric evaluation records of attempters were documented. Results: During the study period, 163 adolescents applied to the hospital with suicidal drug overdose. Child psychiatry consultation was ordered for 61.3% (n=100) of them. It was the first attempt of 90% of the cases. The frequency of having previous psychiatric diagnosis was significantly higher in patients with recurrent suicide attempts. In both impulsive and planned suicide attempts, the most preferred times were evening and night time. Women more often attempted suicide due to family conflict, while men attempted due to emotional relationship problems. All cases without psychiatric disorder or with externalizing problems attempted impulsive suicide. The most preferred drugs for suicide were, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antidepressants, paracetamol, antibiotics and antipsychotics. Of the all cases, 22.5% attempted suicide by self medications. It has not been possible to maintain pediatric psychiatric follow up of the 71% of the cases. Conclusion: It is considered that public attention should be drawn to the increasing number of adolescent suicide attempts in order to prevent this issue. Family-oriented protective approaches, school-based preventive programs and new legal regulations on drug safety could help to reduce the frequency of suicide attempts..
因药物过量而企图自杀的年轻人概况及预防和保护服务目的:自杀是世界上15-29岁人群的第二大死亡原因。本研究的目的是介绍儿童和青少年吸毒过量自杀的特点,并提请注意可以在土耳其采取的预防措施。方法:回顾性分析某培训研究医院一年内因药物过量企图自杀的患者的资料。对企图者的社会人口学数据和精神病学评估记录进行记录。结果:在研究期间,163名青少年因自杀性药物过量而到医院就诊。其中61.3% (n=100)的儿童接受了儿童精神病学咨询。90%的病例都是第一次尝试。有过精神病学诊断的频率在反复自杀企图的患者中明显更高。在冲动和有计划的自杀企图中,最受欢迎的时间是晚上和晚上。女性自杀的原因往往是家庭冲突,而男性自杀的原因则是情感问题。所有没有精神障碍或外化问题的病例都企图冲动性自杀。最受欢迎的自杀药物是非甾体抗炎药、抗抑郁药、扑热息痛、抗生素和抗精神病药物。在所有病例中,22.5%的人试图通过自我药物治疗自杀。对71%的病例进行儿科精神病学随访是不可能的。结论:我们认为应该引起公众对越来越多的青少年自杀企图的关注,以防止这一问题的发生。以家庭为导向的保护措施,以学校为基础的预防计划和新的药物安全法律法规可以帮助减少自杀企图的频率。
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引用次数: 4
Technological addictions and social connectedness: predictor effect of internet addiction, social media addiction, digital game addiction and smartphone addiction on social connectedness 技术成瘾与社会连通性:网络成瘾、社交媒体成瘾、数字游戏成瘾和智能手机成瘾对社会连通性的预测效应
Pub Date : 2017-09-22 DOI: 10.5350/DAJPN2017300304
M. Savci, F. Aysan
Technological addictions and social connectedness: predictor effect of internet addiction, social media addiction, digital game addiction and smartphone addiction on social connectedness Objective: This study examined the predictor effects of four technological addictions, including Internet addiction, social media addiction, digital game addiction and smartphone addiction on social connectedness. Method: The study was conducted on 201 adolescents (101 girls, 100 boys) who have been using Internet, playing digital games, and using social media for at least one year, and have at least one social media account and a smartphone. The Young’s Internet Addiction Test-Short Form, Social Media Disorder Scale, Digital Game Addiction Scale, Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version, Social Connectedness Scale, and Personal Information Form were used as data collection tools. Parametric statistical methods were used to analyze the data, taking into consideration the single and multivariable normality, linearity, and multicolinearity. Results: The analysis showed that Internet addiction, social media addiction, digital game addiction and smartphone addiction significantly predicted 25% of social connectedness. In addition, it has been determined that the strongest effect on social connectedness is from Internet addiction followed by social media addiction, digital game addiction, and smartphone addiction respectively. Conclusion: Four technological addictions including Internet addiction, social media addiction, digital game addiction and smartphone addiction significantly affect social connectedness.
技术成瘾与社会连通性:网络成瘾、社交媒体成瘾、数字游戏成瘾和智能手机成瘾对社会连通性的预测作用目的:研究网络成瘾、社交媒体成瘾、数字游戏成瘾和智能手机成瘾四种技术成瘾对社会连通性的预测作用。方法:对201名青少年(101名女孩,100名男孩)进行了研究,这些青少年使用互联网,玩数字游戏,使用社交媒体至少一年,至少有一个社交媒体账户和智能手机。数据收集工具为青少年网络成瘾测试简表、社交媒体障碍量表、数字游戏成瘾量表、智能手机成瘾量表简表、社交连通性量表和个人信息表。采用参数统计方法对数据进行分析,考虑单变量和多变量正态性、线性和多重共线性。结果:分析显示,网络成瘾、社交媒体成瘾、数字游戏成瘾和智能手机成瘾显著预测了25%的社交联系。此外,研究还发现,对社交连通性影响最大的是网络成瘾,其次是社交媒体成瘾、数字游戏成瘾和智能手机成瘾。结论:网络成瘾、社交媒体成瘾、数字游戏成瘾和智能手机成瘾四种技术成瘾对社交连通性有显著影响。
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引用次数: 106
期刊
Düşünen Adam: The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences
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