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Proceedings. National Power Engineering Conference, 2003. PECon 2003.最新文献

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Study the effective angle of photovoltaic modules in generating an optimum energy 研究光伏组件产生最佳能量的有效角度
Pub Date : 2003-12-15 DOI: 10.1109/PECON.2003.1437464
V. Meksarik, S. Masri, S. Taib, C. M. Hadzer
Nowadays, in the fast changing phase of technology many countries have used photovoltaic (PV) to generate energy. PV modules are very versatile and easily fixed on the top of buildings, residential areas, and other structures. PV capable to produce a clean energy and it can be fixed up at location where the system grid not available. However, for producing optimum energy, PV modules must be mounted with correct PV direction and angle. The objective of this paper is to find out the correlation between difference PV angle and PV direction for maximum energy generation. The data have been collected through out a day. The measurement results on difference angles and direction of PV show that the voltage generates are quite similar. However the PV modules direct to north and south produced more power compared to east and west. The result of data collection is suitable for application in the Malaysia and similar environment.
如今,在技术快速变化的阶段,许多国家已经使用光伏(PV)发电。光伏组件用途广泛,可以很容易地固定在建筑物、住宅区和其他结构的顶部。光伏发电能够产生清洁能源,它可以固定在系统电网不可用的地方。然而,为了产生最佳的能量,光伏组件必须以正确的光伏方向和角度安装。本文的目的是找出不同PV角度与PV方向之间的相关性,以获得最大的发电量。这些数据是用一天的时间收集的。对不同角度和方向的PV的测量结果表明,产生的电压非常相似。然而,与东部和西部相比,直接向北和向南的光伏组件产生了更多的电力。数据收集的结果适合在马来西亚和类似的环境中应用。
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引用次数: 5
An engineering analysis tool in power system using object-oriented graphical integrator 基于面向对象的图形集成器的电力系统工程分析工具
Pub Date : 2003-12-15 DOI: 10.1109/PECON.2003.1437415
N. Maricar, S. M. Shahidehpour
The leading of Microsoft Windows/spl trade/ in graphical user interface (GUI) has promoted the development of visual application that introduce intuitive display and entry of program data. This paper describe a unique windows GUI application that enable the user to draw a one-line diagram, enter bus and device parameters through dialog box into power system database, and simulate the engineering analysis using the capability of visualization. The application of the package is illustrated by few examples in this paper. The package will help for decision making process much faster and easier than traditional methods have previously allowed.
Microsoft Windows/spl / trade/在图形用户界面(GUI)中的领先地位,促进了引入程序数据直观显示和输入的可视化应用程序的发展。本文介绍了一种独特的windows图形用户界面应用程序,使用户能够绘制单线图,通过对话框将总线和设备参数输入到电力系统数据库中,并利用可视化功能模拟工程分析。本文通过几个实例说明了包的应用。该方案将有助于决策过程比以前的传统方法更快、更容易。
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引用次数: 1
Pilot centralized solar power station in remote village, Rompin, Pahang 彭亨州龙平偏远村庄试点集中式太阳能发电站
Pub Date : 2003-12-15 DOI: 10.1109/PECON.2003.1437450
I. Ismail, A. Omar, H. Hassan
Malaysia has considerable number of widely deployed small rural areas. These hamlets are very much associated with the aborigines' or better known as 'Orang Asli' residents. Normally they get their source of energy from candle or kerosene light while some richer communities can afford generator sets. Conservatively, solar photovoltaic systems are installed as standalone system to provide basic electricity to each aborigines home. On the other hand, for this project, a pilot centralized solar power station was installed to provide electricity to fifteen houses at a small village east of Malaysia. This system is the first solar photovoltaic system installed at the 'Orang Asli' village in Malaysia. This system will be the first ever built for the Orang Asli settlement at Pahang. The objectives of this project are to design and install the solar power station at remote location and to develop standard design of stand-alone solar power station suitable for Malaysia. Orang Asli residents at Kampung Denai was chosen because there is a school for the Orang Asli children. Moreover, the remote communities are living in stratification, which makes electrical wiring easier. Furthermore, the remote area is far from the last transmission line and cumbersome to bring diesel through the rough and unpredictable land road. The main domestic energy is for residential purposes (e.g. small lighting unit, radio, television, video, etc.). The load demand was calculated based on the previous diesel generator set. The generator capacity is 18.6 kW. The solar sizing was done both for the home and school appliances at Kampung Denai. The maximum demand measured was 4195.35 kW. The pilot centralized solar power station consists of 10 kW photovoltaic panels, 10 kW inverter, 150 kWh battery and other balance of system. A generator set with capacity of 12.5 kVA is installed for back up and during monsoon season. This paper will present status of the system, operational and maintenance Issues, load profile of the solar power station and economics and system design of the whole system.
马来西亚有相当数量的广泛部署的小型农村地区。这些小村庄与土著居民或更广为人知的“Orang Asli”居民有着密切的联系。通常他们的能源来自蜡烛或煤油灯,而一些富裕的社区可以负担得起发电机组。保守地说,太阳能光伏系统是作为独立的系统安装的,为每个土著家庭提供基本的电力。另一方面,在这个项目中,安装了一个试点集中式太阳能发电站,为马来西亚东部一个小村庄的15户家庭提供电力。该系统是在马来西亚“Orang Asli”村安装的第一个太阳能光伏系统。这将是有史以来第一个为彭亨的原住民定居点建造的系统。该项目的目标是在偏远地区设计和安装太阳能发电站,并制定适合马来西亚的独立太阳能发电站的标准设计。甘榜德奈的土著居民被选中是因为那里有一所专为土著儿童开设的学校。此外,偏远的社区生活在分层中,这使得布线更容易。此外,偏远地区远离最后一条输电线,通过崎岖不平和不可预测的陆地道路运送柴油很麻烦。家用能源主要用于住宅用途(例如小型照明装置、收音机、电视、录像等)。负荷需求是在原有柴油发电机组的基础上计算的。发电机容量18.6千瓦。太阳能尺寸是在甘榜德奈的家用和学校电器上完成的。测得的最大需求量为4195.35千瓦。试点集中式太阳能电站由10kw光伏板、10kw逆变器、150kwh蓄电池等平衡系统组成。安装了一台容量为12.5千伏安的发电机组,以备雨季使用。本文将介绍该系统的现状、运行和维护问题、太阳能电站的负荷分布以及整个系统的经济性和系统设计。
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引用次数: 7
A study on zero-passing transformer in harmonics reduction 谐波降频中过零变压器的研究
Pub Date : 2003-12-15 DOI: 10.1109/PECON.2003.1437440
C. M. Hadzer, S. Masri, N. Mahamad
In this paper, a simple and practical approach to minimize the zero-sequence current harmonics in 3-phase 4-wire power distribution system is proposed. The zero-sequence current harmonic is minimized by using a very low zero-sequence impedance transformer. The very low zero-sequence impedance transformer is shunt connected to the load. Besides having very low zero-sequence impedance, this transformer also has very high both positive and negative sequence impedances. Thus, the zero-passing transformer has no effect on the positive and negative sequence harmonics. Because not all the harmonic can be reduced by zero-passing transformer, the LC filter is provided to cancel the entire harmonic. This LC filter is also shunt connected to the load. The dominant zero-sequence harmonic that is 3/sup rd/ harmonic current, which is generated by the load, will flow through the shunt load connected transformer and other harmonics current will flow through the LC filter. The practical excellency and validity of reduction technique are demonstrated experimentally.
本文提出了一种简单实用的减小三相四线制配电系统零序电流谐波的方法。采用极低的零序阻抗变压器,使零序电流谐波降到最低。极低的零序阻抗变压器并联连接到负载上。除了具有非常低的零序阻抗外,该变压器还具有非常高的正序和负序阻抗。因此,过零变压器对正、负序谐波没有影响。由于过零变压器并不能消除所有谐波,所以采用LC滤波器来抵消全部谐波。此LC滤波器也并联连接到负载上。负载产生的占主导地位的零序谐波为3/sup /谐波电流,将流经并联负载连接的变压器,其他谐波电流将流经LC滤波器。实验证明了该技术的实用性和有效性。
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引用次数: 3
Application of the rare earth permanent magnet in linear generator driven by an internal combustion engine 稀土永磁在内燃机直线发电机中的应用
Pub Date : 2003-12-15 DOI: 10.1109/PECON.2003.1437453
W. Mahadi, S. Adi, K. M. Nor
Permanent magnets are widely used in a variety of industrial applications especially in designing sensors, motors, generators and actuators. This paper presents the application of the rare earth permanent magnet in a linear generator. Basic terminologies of permanent magnet are reviewed and its characteristics are studied. The appropriate permanent magnet is chosen based on the consideration of a number of main factors. Finite element method (FEM) is used to analyze thermal distribution in the linear generator. The simulation result is then used to predict the maximum amount of heat that may affect the permanent magnet behavior in the linear generator.
永磁体广泛应用于各种工业应用,特别是在设计传感器、电机、发电机和执行器方面。本文介绍了稀土永磁在直线发电机中的应用。综述了永磁的基本术语,研究了永磁的特性。选择合适的永磁体是基于对一些主要因素的考虑。采用有限元法分析了直线发电机内部的热分布。然后用模拟结果来预测可能影响线性发电机中永磁体行为的最大热量。
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引用次数: 6
A bidirectional inverter with high frequency isolated transformer 一种带高频隔离变压器的双向逆变器
Pub Date : 2003-12-15 DOI: 10.1109/PECON.2003.1437421
M. Z. Ramli, Z. Salam, L. S. Toh, C. Nge
There is a growing interest to develop renewable energy, particularly the solar energy to meet the growing energy demand. In this paper, a bidirectional photovoltaic (PV) inverter using high frequency (HF) transformer is proposed. The HF transformer provides electrical isolation between the DC supply and AC output. Besides, by using minimum power switches at the active rectifier on the secondary side of HF transformer, the system has low switching losses. Therefore, the proposed inverter has advantages of reliable, lightweight, low cost and increased efficiency. A prototype inverter is implemented using a low cost microcontroller and laboratory experiments are carried out to verify the system viability.
人们对发展可再生能源,特别是太阳能的兴趣日益浓厚,以满足日益增长的能源需求。本文提出了一种基于高频变压器的双向光伏逆变器。高频变压器在直流电源和交流输出之间提供电气隔离。此外,通过在高频变压器二次侧有源整流器处采用最小功率开关,使系统具有低的开关损耗。因此,所提出的逆变器具有可靠、轻便、低成本和提高效率的优点。采用低成本微控制器实现了逆变器原型,并进行了实验室实验以验证系统的可行性。
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引用次数: 7
Industrial problems in design, selection and installation of an adjustable speed drives (ASD) for asynchronous motor 工业问题的设计,选择和安装可调速驱动器(ASD)的异步电动机
Pub Date : 2003-12-15 DOI: 10.1109/PECON.2003.1437433
R. Gobbi, J. Sa'diah, T.T. Siang
Adjustable speed drives (ASD) is replacing rapidly the conventional electromechanical contactors. Earlier engineers has shown hesitation to except the change of conventional starting method to soft starting using solid state switches as the cost relatively high. But now, industrialist prefers this power electronics based inverters for both soft starting and speed control, this in fact getting more attention as price of solid states semiconductors has gradually reduced and eventually the ASD is cost effective as compare to electromechanical switches especially when the questions of efficiency, energy saving and reliability arise. Since ASD is not a stand-alone device, hence, there are many practical problems and failures faced by design engineers, project engineers as well as the maintenance engineers. Hence, this paper is an industrial based paper which includes practical failures or problems faced by engineers during design, selection and installation of ASD for asynchronous motor in particular.
调速驱动器(ASD)正在迅速取代传统的机电接触器。由于成本较高,早期的工程师对将传统启动方式改为使用固态开关的软启动方式持犹豫态度。但是现在,实业家更喜欢这种基于电力电子的逆变器,用于软启动和速度控制,这实际上越来越受到关注,因为固态半导体的价格逐渐降低,最终ASD与机电开关相比具有成本效益,特别是在效率,节能和可靠性问题出现时。由于ASD不是一个独立的设备,因此,设计工程师,项目工程师以及维护工程师面临许多实际问题和故障。因此,本文是一篇基于工业的论文,其中包括工程师在设计,选择和安装异步电动机ASD时面临的实际故障或问题。
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引用次数: 2
Design and proper sizing of solar energy schemes for electricity production in Malaysia 马来西亚太阳能发电方案的设计和适当的规模
Pub Date : 2003-12-15 DOI: 10.1109/PECON.2003.1437455
M.M. Ahmed, M. Sulaiman
As solar energy is a part of widely recognized renewable energy sources; the solar energy source is free of cost and clean energy whereby environmental impacts are negligible. In tropical countries like Malaysia, solar energy potential has been utilized in wide range of applications of remote and urban areas and has been growing rapidly. There are also new research interests shown by the universities and R&D institutions to assess the solar energy application potential in Malaysia for proper utilization. But it has not fully utilized until recently. However the main problems limiting solar utilization are the use of costly equipment and the selection of wrong peak sunshine data that results wrong sizing of equipment for the solar energy projects. For instance, peak sunshine and insolation figures in daily, weekly and yearly basis of the same location are different from one data to another if accuracy of the solar energy data is compromised. This is because the data available is based on average with yearly basis, which has nothing to do with actual data available in a specific place and a specific date. It is therefore, very important to form proper design procedures and solar energy components sizing to do exact calculations for the solar power production before opting any actual implementation of solar energy scheme. Universal and local data will be compared to come up with the required peak sunshine figures in order to get the exact amount sunshine in a particular zone and in a particular day. The problems involved in right sizing and using the right data are the key success to solar energy applications, improve its performances and reduce unnecessary costs. For that reason, carrying out proper design & sizing procedures for practical solar energy schemes are necessary. In this work, proper design procedures and system sizing are the main focus. Moreover, proper design procedures are proposed and supporting facts and figures are presented.
由于太阳能是公认的可再生能源的一部分;太阳能是一种免费的清洁能源,对环境的影响可以忽略不计。在象马来西亚这样的热带国家,太阳能的潜力已在偏远和城市地区的广泛应用中得到利用,并迅速增长。大学和研发机构也表现出新的研究兴趣,以评估马来西亚的太阳能应用潜力,以便适当利用。但它直到最近才得到充分利用。然而,限制太阳能利用的主要问题是使用昂贵的设备和选择错误的峰值日照数据,导致太阳能项目的设备尺寸错误。例如,如果太阳能数据的准确性受到影响,同一地点的每日、每周和每年的峰值日照和日晒数据就会不同。这是因为可用的数据是以年为基础的平均值,与特定地点和特定日期的实际数据无关。因此,在选择任何实际实施太阳能方案之前,形成适当的设计程序和太阳能组件尺寸来精确计算太阳能发电是非常重要的。将比较全球和本地数据,得出所需的峰值日照数据,以便获得特定地区和特定日期的确切日照量。正确的尺寸和使用正确的数据是太阳能应用成功、提高其性能和减少不必要成本的关键。因此,为实际的太阳能方案进行适当的设计和尺寸程序是必要的。在这项工作中,适当的设计程序和系统规模是主要的焦点。此外,提出了适当的设计程序,并提供了支持事实和数据。
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引用次数: 36
An investigation on harmonic level, current & voltage distortion and associated power for three phase four wire distribution system in a USM Electrical & Electronic Engineering Department building 某USM电气电子工程系大楼三相四线配电系统谐波水平、电流电压畸变及相关功率的研究
Pub Date : 2003-12-15 DOI: 10.1109/PECON.2003.1437477
M. Izhar, C. M. Hadzer, S. Masri, S. Idris
This paper presents the results of the investigation on power quality at Electrical & Electronic Engineering department building in University Science Malaysia for three phase four-wire system. The survey was conducted through out a day during peak and off peak hours. The harmonic level, total harmonic distortion, neutral current and power associated such as power consumption, true power factor and etc. for each line were measured and analyzed. The analysis of data from measured distribution system (TCL:2412 kW, MD:1352 kW, 5000 A) showed that the harmonic level was highest at odd harmonic compared to even harmonic. The results also reveal that power consumption and instantaneous power increased during peak hours. The power factor correction mechanism too was functioning well and approaching unity. One very interesting factor is that the neutral currents and total harmonic distortion were excessive in the line neutral distribution system and would affect the distribution system performance. Ideally, it should be zero.
本文介绍了对马来西亚科学大学电气与电子工程系大楼三相四线制系统电能质量的调查结果。这项调查是在一天的高峰和非高峰时间进行的。测量并分析了每条线路的谐波电平、总谐波畸变、中性点电流以及与功率相关的功率,如功耗、真功率因数等。对实测配电系统(TCL:2412 kW, MD:1352 kW, 5000 A)的数据分析表明,奇次谐波的谐波水平高于偶次谐波。研究结果还表明,在用电高峰时段,电力消耗和瞬时功率均有所增加。功率因数校正机制也运行良好,趋于统一。一个非常有趣的因素是,在线路中性点配电系统中,中性点电流和总谐波失真过大,会影响配电系统的性能。理想情况下,它应该是零。
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引用次数: 3
Fast voltage collapse evaluation via fuzzy decision tree method 基于模糊决策树的电压崩溃快速评价
Pub Date : 2003-12-15 DOI: 10.1109/PECON.2003.1437406
H. Abidin, K. Lo, Z.F. Hussein
Voltage stability is considered to be a complex field of study since it has a number of contributing factors. Due to this, numerous studies or research has been made to look into various methods of analysis, detection and mitigation. In general, these methods would involve either complex computation for accurate results but suffers from high computation time. Some methods may also be simple and fast but then has the disadvantage of inaccuracy. This paper presents an alternative method of analysing the voltage stability problem by incorporating machine learning techniques, i.e. fuzzy decision tree method. The author proposed a general overview on how the algorithm is created. The algorithm is then tested using an IEEE 300 bus test system to test the algorithm's capability. Results presented show that the proposed FDT has a lot of future potential as an online tool for voltage stability analysis.
电压稳定性被认为是一个复杂的研究领域,因为它有许多影响因素。因此,人们进行了大量的研究,以探讨各种分析、检测和缓解方法。一般来说,这些方法要么需要复杂的计算才能得到准确的结果,要么需要耗费大量的计算时间。有些方法也可能是简单和快速的,但随后有不准确的缺点。本文提出了一种结合机器学习技术分析电压稳定问题的替代方法,即模糊决策树方法。作者对如何创建算法提出了一个总体概述。然后使用IEEE 300总线测试系统对算法进行测试,以测试算法的性能。结果表明,所提出的FDT作为电压稳定性在线分析工具具有很大的潜力。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Proceedings. National Power Engineering Conference, 2003. PECon 2003.
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