Pub Date : 2003-12-15DOI: 10.1109/PECON.2003.1437462
N. Maricar, E. Lee, H. Lim, M.F. Sepikit, Mohamad Maskum, M. F. Ahmad, M. A. Mahmood
This paper encompasses all the research details obtained pertaining to the topic of photovoltaic solar energy and its scenario for Malaysia. It shows how solar technology evolved from the beginning up to present time. The developments of this promising way of generating cheap, effective and reliable energy technology are included. They focus on photovoltaic (PV) effect and process, types of materials, efficiency, application, benefits and the future of PV technology in Malaysia. It is found that for Malaysia, the PV scenario plays a very important role for increasing its local energy utilization index.
{"title":"Photovoltaic solar energy technology overview for Malaysia scenario","authors":"N. Maricar, E. Lee, H. Lim, M.F. Sepikit, Mohamad Maskum, M. F. Ahmad, M. A. Mahmood","doi":"10.1109/PECON.2003.1437462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECON.2003.1437462","url":null,"abstract":"This paper encompasses all the research details obtained pertaining to the topic of photovoltaic solar energy and its scenario for Malaysia. It shows how solar technology evolved from the beginning up to present time. The developments of this promising way of generating cheap, effective and reliable energy technology are included. They focus on photovoltaic (PV) effect and process, types of materials, efficiency, application, benefits and the future of PV technology in Malaysia. It is found that for Malaysia, the PV scenario plays a very important role for increasing its local energy utilization index.","PeriodicalId":136640,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. National Power Engineering Conference, 2003. PECon 2003.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121681650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-12-15DOI: 10.1109/PECON.2003.1437446
H. Z. Abidin, R. Ibrahim
The frequent occurrence of lightning related accidents in Malaysia is a major concern to the public and the utility companies. The rate of lightning deaths is believed to be about ten times greater than that of the USA. A general knowledge of the lightning flash distribution will assist the intelligent public to make informed decisions regarding personal safety and protection of their assets. The Malaysian Meteorological Service (MMS) has been collecting data on thunderstorm day level for more than three decades. A private utility company has also been collecting data on the lightning flash density for nearly a decade using a lightning detection network. This paper takes a look at the available data and develops two maps on the thunderstorm day and lightning flash density levels for several key locations in the country. These maps will give the readers an insight into the risks associated with the thunderstorm in relation to their location.
{"title":"Thunderstorm day and ground flash density in Malaysia","authors":"H. Z. Abidin, R. Ibrahim","doi":"10.1109/PECON.2003.1437446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECON.2003.1437446","url":null,"abstract":"The frequent occurrence of lightning related accidents in Malaysia is a major concern to the public and the utility companies. The rate of lightning deaths is believed to be about ten times greater than that of the USA. A general knowledge of the lightning flash distribution will assist the intelligent public to make informed decisions regarding personal safety and protection of their assets. The Malaysian Meteorological Service (MMS) has been collecting data on thunderstorm day level for more than three decades. A private utility company has also been collecting data on the lightning flash density for nearly a decade using a lightning detection network. This paper takes a look at the available data and develops two maps on the thunderstorm day and lightning flash density levels for several key locations in the country. These maps will give the readers an insight into the risks associated with the thunderstorm in relation to their location.","PeriodicalId":136640,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. National Power Engineering Conference, 2003. PECon 2003.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125439497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-12-15DOI: 10.1109/PECON.2003.1437423
J. Aziz, Z. Salam
This work proposes an alternative PWM scheme for cascaded multilevel inverter. The scheme is based on symmetric regular sampled unipolar PWM, with multiple modulating waveforms and a single carrier. Mathematical equations that define the PWM switching instants are derived and implemented digitally using a low-cost microcontroller. A five-level cascaded multilevel inverter test-rig is built to prove viability of the proposed algorithm.
{"title":"An alternative PWM scheme for multilevel voltage source inverter","authors":"J. Aziz, Z. Salam","doi":"10.1109/PECON.2003.1437423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECON.2003.1437423","url":null,"abstract":"This work proposes an alternative PWM scheme for cascaded multilevel inverter. The scheme is based on symmetric regular sampled unipolar PWM, with multiple modulating waveforms and a single carrier. Mathematical equations that define the PWM switching instants are derived and implemented digitally using a low-cost microcontroller. A five-level cascaded multilevel inverter test-rig is built to prove viability of the proposed algorithm.","PeriodicalId":136640,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. National Power Engineering Conference, 2003. PECon 2003.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117145799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-12-15DOI: 10.1109/PECON.2003.1437432
T. Hui, K. Basu, V. Subbiah
This paper reviews various techniques for controlling a permanent magnet DC brushless motor used for compressor. A number of driving methods have been considered. The 120 degrees commutation, sensor-less back EMF detection and the full control on the bridge three-phase inverter circuit techniques employed in the motor driving scheme are presented. Speed control of the system is achieved by PWM technique. PSIM software is used for the design of a prototype driver circuit. The control is successfully implemented by using a low cost microcontroller and IGBT module.
{"title":"Permanent magnet brushless motor control techniques","authors":"T. Hui, K. Basu, V. Subbiah","doi":"10.1109/PECON.2003.1437432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECON.2003.1437432","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reviews various techniques for controlling a permanent magnet DC brushless motor used for compressor. A number of driving methods have been considered. The 120 degrees commutation, sensor-less back EMF detection and the full control on the bridge three-phase inverter circuit techniques employed in the motor driving scheme are presented. Speed control of the system is achieved by PWM technique. PSIM software is used for the design of a prototype driver circuit. The control is successfully implemented by using a low cost microcontroller and IGBT module.","PeriodicalId":136640,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. National Power Engineering Conference, 2003. PECon 2003.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127758436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-12-15DOI: 10.1109/PECON.2003.1437419
H. Abidin, K. Lo, Z.F. Hussein
Voltage collapse is a complex phenomenon which has a variety of contributing factors. Past efforts have been given in analysing this phenomenon. As a result, various methods of analysis have been devised. Some methods are considered to be complex, slow but accurate and some methods are considered to simple, fast but inaccurate. With the emergence of machine learning techniques, a data mining method can also be used as an alternative diagnostic tool. This method is known as fuzzy decision tree. This paper will outline improvements made to an existing fuzzy decision tree method by adding more contributing attributes for partitioning, creating a hybrid fuzzy decision tree. Comparison and tests are made using an IEEE 300 bus system.
{"title":"Multiple attribute dynamic fuzzy decision tree approach for voltage collapse evaluation","authors":"H. Abidin, K. Lo, Z.F. Hussein","doi":"10.1109/PECON.2003.1437419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECON.2003.1437419","url":null,"abstract":"Voltage collapse is a complex phenomenon which has a variety of contributing factors. Past efforts have been given in analysing this phenomenon. As a result, various methods of analysis have been devised. Some methods are considered to be complex, slow but accurate and some methods are considered to simple, fast but inaccurate. With the emergence of machine learning techniques, a data mining method can also be used as an alternative diagnostic tool. This method is known as fuzzy decision tree. This paper will outline improvements made to an existing fuzzy decision tree method by adding more contributing attributes for partitioning, creating a hybrid fuzzy decision tree. Comparison and tests are made using an IEEE 300 bus system.","PeriodicalId":136640,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. National Power Engineering Conference, 2003. PECon 2003.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130574981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-12-15DOI: 10.1109/PECON.2003.1437408
Yushaizad Yusof, A. Yatim
Accurate stator flux estimation for high performance induction motor drives is very important to ensure proper drive operation and stability. Unfortunately, there is some problems occurred when estimating stator flux especially at zero speed and at low frequency. Hence a simple open loop controller of pulse width modulation voltage source inverter (PWM-VSI) fed induction motor configuration is presented. By a selection of voltage model-based of stator flux estimation, a simple method using artificial neural network (ANN) technique is proposed to estimate stator flux by means of feed forward back propagation algorithm. In motor drives applications, artificial neural network has several advantages such as faster execution speed, harmonic ripple immunity and fault tolerance characteristics that will result in a significant improvement in the steady state performances. Thus, to simulate and model stator flux estimator, Matlab/Simulink software package particularly power system block set and neural network toolbox is implemented. A structure of three-layered artificial neural network technique has been applied to the proposed stator flux estimator. As a result, this technique gives good improvement in estimating stator flux which the estimated stator flux is very similar in terms of magnitude and phase angle if compared to the real stator flux.
{"title":"Simulation and modeling of stator flux estimator for induction motor using artificial neural network technique","authors":"Yushaizad Yusof, A. Yatim","doi":"10.1109/PECON.2003.1437408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECON.2003.1437408","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate stator flux estimation for high performance induction motor drives is very important to ensure proper drive operation and stability. Unfortunately, there is some problems occurred when estimating stator flux especially at zero speed and at low frequency. Hence a simple open loop controller of pulse width modulation voltage source inverter (PWM-VSI) fed induction motor configuration is presented. By a selection of voltage model-based of stator flux estimation, a simple method using artificial neural network (ANN) technique is proposed to estimate stator flux by means of feed forward back propagation algorithm. In motor drives applications, artificial neural network has several advantages such as faster execution speed, harmonic ripple immunity and fault tolerance characteristics that will result in a significant improvement in the steady state performances. Thus, to simulate and model stator flux estimator, Matlab/Simulink software package particularly power system block set and neural network toolbox is implemented. A structure of three-layered artificial neural network technique has been applied to the proposed stator flux estimator. As a result, this technique gives good improvement in estimating stator flux which the estimated stator flux is very similar in terms of magnitude and phase angle if compared to the real stator flux.","PeriodicalId":136640,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. National Power Engineering Conference, 2003. PECon 2003.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124955320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-12-15DOI: 10.1109/PECON.2003.1437467
Mohd Aizam Talib, NoorAzlan Mohd Ghazali, Melvin Christie, Wan Zakaria, Ismail Hashim, Shahan om Uthman, Mohammad Nor Jamali
Moisture is one of the factors that cause transformer insulation degradation. The detection of moisture in oil and paper insulation is crucial in determining the health of transformer insulation system. High moisture content severely degrades the insulating strength of oil and paper and may eventually cause failure. In recent years, new diagnostic and monitoring techniques have been promoted to complement the classical insulation resistance, power dissipation factor and polarization index measurements. The new test method described in this paper is based on analysis of the polarization spectrum traced from the results of recovery voltage measurements (RVM). This method makes possible assessment of the condition of oil/paper insulation system. This paper shows some applications of RVM for determining the moisture level in the power transformers. The possible use of this method as a diagnostic tool for evaluates ageing trends or actual state of insulation is also discussed.
{"title":"Diagnosis of transformer insulation condition using recovery voltage measurements","authors":"Mohd Aizam Talib, NoorAzlan Mohd Ghazali, Melvin Christie, Wan Zakaria, Ismail Hashim, Shahan om Uthman, Mohammad Nor Jamali","doi":"10.1109/PECON.2003.1437467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECON.2003.1437467","url":null,"abstract":"Moisture is one of the factors that cause transformer insulation degradation. The detection of moisture in oil and paper insulation is crucial in determining the health of transformer insulation system. High moisture content severely degrades the insulating strength of oil and paper and may eventually cause failure. In recent years, new diagnostic and monitoring techniques have been promoted to complement the classical insulation resistance, power dissipation factor and polarization index measurements. The new test method described in this paper is based on analysis of the polarization spectrum traced from the results of recovery voltage measurements (RVM). This method makes possible assessment of the condition of oil/paper insulation system. This paper shows some applications of RVM for determining the moisture level in the power transformers. The possible use of this method as a diagnostic tool for evaluates ageing trends or actual state of insulation is also discussed.","PeriodicalId":136640,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. National Power Engineering Conference, 2003. PECon 2003.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130347950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-12-15DOI: 10.1109/PECON.2003.1437427
Y.S.E. Ali, S. Noor, S. M. Bashi, M. Hassan
The electric drive systems used in industrial applications are increasingly required to meet higher performance and reliability requirements. The DC motor is an attractive piece of equipment in many industrial applications requiring variable speed and load characteristics due to its ease of controllability. Microcontrollers provide a suitable means of meeting these needs. Certainty, part of the recent activity on microcontrollers can be ascribed to their newness and challenge. In this paper, implementation of the MC68HC11E9 microcontroller for speed control of DC motor fed by a DC chopper has been investigated. The chopper is driven by a high frequency PWM signal. Controlling the PWM duty cycle is equivalent to controlling the motor terminal voltage, which in turn adjusts directly the motor speed. Experimental results have been obtained that show the employment of microcontroller for speed control and over current protection of a DC motor.
{"title":"Microcontroller performance for DC motor speed control system","authors":"Y.S.E. Ali, S. Noor, S. M. Bashi, M. Hassan","doi":"10.1109/PECON.2003.1437427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECON.2003.1437427","url":null,"abstract":"The electric drive systems used in industrial applications are increasingly required to meet higher performance and reliability requirements. The DC motor is an attractive piece of equipment in many industrial applications requiring variable speed and load characteristics due to its ease of controllability. Microcontrollers provide a suitable means of meeting these needs. Certainty, part of the recent activity on microcontrollers can be ascribed to their newness and challenge. In this paper, implementation of the MC68HC11E9 microcontroller for speed control of DC motor fed by a DC chopper has been investigated. The chopper is driven by a high frequency PWM signal. Controlling the PWM duty cycle is equivalent to controlling the motor terminal voltage, which in turn adjusts directly the motor speed. Experimental results have been obtained that show the employment of microcontroller for speed control and over current protection of a DC motor.","PeriodicalId":136640,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. National Power Engineering Conference, 2003. PECon 2003.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130441951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-12-15DOI: 10.1109/PECON.2003.1437429
Z. Hussien, N. Atan, I. Abidin
This paper presents the design and simulation of a single-phase shunt active power filter for harmonic and power factor compensation of multiple nonlinear loads. The system is modeled in Matlab Simulink to consist of an uncontrolled rectifier and an AC controller as the nonlinear loads, with an active filter to compensate for the harmonic current injected by the load. The active filter is based on a full-bridge single-phase inverter. The design of the active filter controller is based on time-domain method that consists of three main tasks; to identify the harmonic content and form a synchronized reference, to provide closed-loop control to force the current of the active filter to follow the reference and to regulate the capacitor DC voltage. The spectral analysis of the supply current shows the harmonics produced by the load has been successfully compensated by the active filter. The effect of varying the switching frequency on the performance of the active filter is also presented.
{"title":"Shunt active power filter for harmonic compensation of nonlinear loads","authors":"Z. Hussien, N. Atan, I. Abidin","doi":"10.1109/PECON.2003.1437429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECON.2003.1437429","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the design and simulation of a single-phase shunt active power filter for harmonic and power factor compensation of multiple nonlinear loads. The system is modeled in Matlab Simulink to consist of an uncontrolled rectifier and an AC controller as the nonlinear loads, with an active filter to compensate for the harmonic current injected by the load. The active filter is based on a full-bridge single-phase inverter. The design of the active filter controller is based on time-domain method that consists of three main tasks; to identify the harmonic content and form a synchronized reference, to provide closed-loop control to force the current of the active filter to follow the reference and to regulate the capacitor DC voltage. The spectral analysis of the supply current shows the harmonics produced by the load has been successfully compensated by the active filter. The effect of varying the switching frequency on the performance of the active filter is also presented.","PeriodicalId":136640,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. National Power Engineering Conference, 2003. PECon 2003.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128601621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-12-15DOI: 10.1109/PECON.2003.1437425
N. Rahim, E. Mahrous, W. Hew, K. M. Nor
The paper describes the design of the multilevel converter, which acts as a link between the output of linear generator and the load. In linear generator the o/p frequency varies from 25 to 50 Hz depends on the load. Due to that, it is not suitable for many applications, which use 50 Hz AC. The actual linear generator output voltage waveform as simulated is similar in shape to the output voltage design results. The transformer-less multilevel converter is able to convert from the distorted non-50 Hz AC waveform to 50 Hz purely sinusoidal AC voltage and current waveforms at modulated output voltage. Pspice simulation results are presented to verify the validity of the model.
{"title":"Modeling and simulation of the linear generator PWM multilevel inverter","authors":"N. Rahim, E. Mahrous, W. Hew, K. M. Nor","doi":"10.1109/PECON.2003.1437425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PECON.2003.1437425","url":null,"abstract":"The paper describes the design of the multilevel converter, which acts as a link between the output of linear generator and the load. In linear generator the o/p frequency varies from 25 to 50 Hz depends on the load. Due to that, it is not suitable for many applications, which use 50 Hz AC. The actual linear generator output voltage waveform as simulated is similar in shape to the output voltage design results. The transformer-less multilevel converter is able to convert from the distorted non-50 Hz AC waveform to 50 Hz purely sinusoidal AC voltage and current waveforms at modulated output voltage. Pspice simulation results are presented to verify the validity of the model.","PeriodicalId":136640,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. National Power Engineering Conference, 2003. PECon 2003.","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131603234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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