Pub Date : 2024-07-31DOI: 10.22214/ijraset.2024.63593
Ganesh Anil Vitukade
Abstract: Sedative and hypnotic drugs are central nervous system depressants primarily used to induce calmness, reduce anxiety, and promote sleep. These medications include benzodiazepines, barbiturates, and various non-benzodiazepine sleep aids, each varying in their mechanism of action, efficacy, and safety profiles. Benzodiazepines, such as diazepam and alprazolam, enhance the effect of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at the GABA-A receptor, resulting in sedative, anxiolytic, muscle relaxant, and anticonvulsant effects. They are commonly prescribed for anxiety disorders, insomnia, seizures, and muscle spasms. However, their use is associated with risks of tolerance, dependence, and withdrawal symptoms. Barbiturates, such as phenobarbital, were once widely used for their sedative and hypnotic properties but have largely been replaced by benzodiazepines and other safer alternatives due to their higher risk of overdose and dependence. Barbiturates enhance GABAergic transmission but also directly activate GABA receptors, leading to more profound central nervous system depression. Non-benzodiazepine sleep aids, including drugs like zolpidem, eszopiclone, and zaleplon, act on the benzodiazepine receptor site but have a different chemical structure. These drugs are often preferred for short-term treatment of insomnia due to their relatively lower risk of dependence and adverse effects compared to benzodiazepines.
{"title":"A Systematic Review on Sedative and Hypnotics","authors":"Ganesh Anil Vitukade","doi":"10.22214/ijraset.2024.63593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.63593","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Sedative and hypnotic drugs are central nervous system depressants primarily used to induce calmness, reduce anxiety, and promote sleep. These medications include benzodiazepines, barbiturates, and various non-benzodiazepine sleep aids, each varying in their mechanism of action, efficacy, and safety profiles. Benzodiazepines, such as diazepam and alprazolam, enhance the effect of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at the GABA-A receptor, resulting in sedative, anxiolytic, muscle relaxant, and anticonvulsant effects. They are commonly prescribed for anxiety disorders, insomnia, seizures, and muscle spasms. However, their use is associated with risks of tolerance, dependence, and withdrawal symptoms. Barbiturates, such as phenobarbital, were once widely used for their sedative and hypnotic properties but have largely been replaced by benzodiazepines and other safer alternatives due to their higher risk of overdose and dependence. Barbiturates enhance GABAergic transmission but also directly activate GABA receptors, leading to more profound central nervous system depression. Non-benzodiazepine sleep aids, including drugs like zolpidem, eszopiclone, and zaleplon, act on the benzodiazepine receptor site but have a different chemical structure. These drugs are often preferred for short-term treatment of insomnia due to their relatively lower risk of dependence and adverse effects compared to benzodiazepines.","PeriodicalId":13718,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology","volume":"53 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-31DOI: 10.22214/ijraset.2024.62788
Dr. N. Stanley Ebenezer
Abstract: Metal foams offer a compelling combination of properties, including low density, sound absorption, high compressive strength, and stiffness. This project focuses on the damping behavior of aluminum foams for applications in automobiles and various industries. Aluminum foams excel in being lightweight, exhibiting high compressive strength, and offering excellent stiffness. However, their wear resistance is a limitation. To address this and enhance durability, a diamond-like carbon (DLC) coating is applied to the surface. The complex geometry and surface of aluminum foams pose a challenge for the coating process. Therefore, the project employs the well-established cataphoretic deposition technique, an electro-chemical process. This research investigates the potential of carbon-coated aluminum foam for vibration mitigation in automobiles and industrial applications by analyzing its damping properties and improved wear resistance through the DLC coating
{"title":"Advancements in Coordination Chemistry and Trends in the Chemical Industry: Applications and Implications","authors":"Dr. N. Stanley Ebenezer","doi":"10.22214/ijraset.2024.62788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.62788","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Metal foams offer a compelling combination of properties, including low density, sound absorption, high compressive strength, and stiffness. This project focuses on the damping behavior of aluminum foams for applications in automobiles and various industries. Aluminum foams excel in being lightweight, exhibiting high compressive strength, and offering excellent stiffness. However, their wear resistance is a limitation. To address this and enhance durability, a diamond-like carbon (DLC) coating is applied to the surface. The complex geometry and surface of aluminum foams pose a challenge for the coating process. Therefore, the project employs the well-established cataphoretic deposition technique, an electro-chemical process. This research investigates the potential of carbon-coated aluminum foam for vibration mitigation in automobiles and industrial applications by analyzing its damping properties and improved wear resistance through the DLC coating","PeriodicalId":13718,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology","volume":"41 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-31DOI: 10.22214/ijraset.2024.63574
J. Chaitanya
Abstract: This study investigates the effects of incorporating jaggery as an additive and Alccofine 1108 and graphene oxide as partial replacements for cement in concrete. Jaggery, a traditional natural sweetener, is introduced as an organic additive to enhance the workability and mechanical properties of concrete. Alccofine 1108, a high-performance micro-fine material, and graphene oxide, a carbon-based nanomaterial known for its exceptional strength and durability, are evaluated as partial cement substitutes to improve the sustainability and performance of concrete. To determine the optimal proportions of these materials. Various mixes were prepared by replacing cement with 5%, 10%, and 15% Alccofine 1108 and 0.05%, 0.10%, and 0.15% graphene oxide, 0.05%, 0.10% and 0.155% added to jaggery by weight of cement. The concrete samples were tested for compressive strength, tensile strength, and durability properties, including resistance to chloride ion penetration and sulfate attack.To determine compressive strength result, Split tensile strength result and Ultra Pulse Velocity result.
{"title":"Ternary Effect in Concrete: Jaggery, Alccofine, and Graphene Oxide","authors":"J. Chaitanya","doi":"10.22214/ijraset.2024.63574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.63574","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: This study investigates the effects of incorporating jaggery as an additive and Alccofine 1108 and graphene oxide as partial replacements for cement in concrete. Jaggery, a traditional natural sweetener, is introduced as an organic additive to enhance the workability and mechanical properties of concrete. Alccofine 1108, a high-performance micro-fine material, and graphene oxide, a carbon-based nanomaterial known for its exceptional strength and durability, are evaluated as partial cement substitutes to improve the sustainability and performance of concrete. To determine the optimal proportions of these materials. Various mixes were prepared by replacing cement with 5%, 10%, and 15% Alccofine 1108 and 0.05%, 0.10%, and 0.15% graphene oxide, 0.05%, 0.10% and 0.155% added to jaggery by weight of cement. The concrete samples were tested for compressive strength, tensile strength, and durability properties, including resistance to chloride ion penetration and sulfate attack.To determine compressive strength result, Split tensile strength result and Ultra Pulse Velocity result.","PeriodicalId":13718,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology","volume":"25 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-31DOI: 10.22214/ijraset.2024.63726
Rakesh Kumar
Abstract: Background: Computer networks have become a very important and essential part of our daily life due to wireless Smartphone, it has become easy to communicate or share data through various technologies like wired or wireless. Generally there has been reliance on wireless technology due to various advantages like ease of installation, mobility, reconfiguration, low infrastructure cost, ability to storage, banking transactions, confidential data exchange etc., but Due to the wireless channel being in the air or open, one has to face more attacks like Phishing, Spyware, Botnet, Trojan, Worm, Spam, etc. In this paper, we will discuss different types of malware and also discuss the basic steps to avoid malware. Smartphone has become an important support in our daily life due to its wireless communication and seamless connectivity and being a small electronic device. Due to storage in Smartphone, we keep personal data and financial data. To ensure that no one misuses this data, we do research and collect information.
{"title":"A Study on Wireless: Overviews of Mobile Security and Privacy","authors":"Rakesh Kumar","doi":"10.22214/ijraset.2024.63726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.63726","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Background: Computer networks have become a very important and essential part of our daily life due to wireless Smartphone, it has become easy to communicate or share data through various technologies like wired or wireless. Generally there has been reliance on wireless technology due to various advantages like ease of installation, mobility, reconfiguration, low infrastructure cost, ability to storage, banking transactions, confidential data exchange etc., but Due to the wireless channel being in the air or open, one has to face more attacks like Phishing, Spyware, Botnet, Trojan, Worm, Spam, etc. In this paper, we will discuss different types of malware and also discuss the basic steps to avoid malware. Smartphone has become an important support in our daily life due to its wireless communication and seamless connectivity and being a small electronic device. Due to storage in Smartphone, we keep personal data and financial data. To ensure that no one misuses this data, we do research and collect information.","PeriodicalId":13718,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology","volume":"50 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-31DOI: 10.22214/ijraset.2024.63665
Thanmay K. J, Dr.Harsha M. V
Abstract: Operational amplifiers, also referred to as op-amps, are crucial components of electronic circuit design that find extensive use in signal processing, amplification, and control systems, among other areas. As demands for better circuit performance, efficiency, and compactness continue to rise, optimizing op-amp designs is essential. In this research, the particle swarm optimization algorithm with LTSpice simulation is used to create and optimize a three-stage CMOS op-amp using stateof-the-art approaches. A baseline op-amp circuit is produced through laborious design iterations and performance evaluations carried out within LTSpice. This serves as the foundation for additional optimization efforts. The PSO method in MATLAB is then applied as the optimization process moves forward. Particle Swarm Optimization is a computational optimization methodology inspired by the social behaviour of organisms such as bird flocking and fish schooling. In Particle Swarm Optimization, a population of potential solutions, called particles, moves through the search space. Both the global best-known location and each particle's unique best-known position affect its motion of the swarm. The project intends to obtain optimal op-amp performance by balancing design trade-offs and pushing the frontiers of efficiency and innovation through the combined power of LTSpice simulation and MATLAB optimization. Designers can find the best op-amp configurations that adhere to strict design specifications more quickly by combining the strengths of both tools. In the end, this project shows evidence of the integration of optimization and simulation methods in electronic circuit design. Through the use of LTSpice for circuit simulation and the PSO method for optimization, designers can explore new avenues for op-ampdesign, hence promoting breakthroughs in electronic systems and electrical engineering innovation. Operational amplifiers play a crucial role in modern electronic circuits, finding applications in a wide array of systems including signal processing, instrumentation, and control. This paper presents a comprehensive methodology for the design and automation of a three-stage operational amplifier using LTspice simulation software and MATLAB scripting. The aim of this work is to achieve a high-performance opamp design while minimizing manual intervention and optimizing the design parameters efficiently. The design process begins with the definition of specifications such as gain, bandwidth, slew rate, and power consumption, which are essential for determining the required characteristics of each stage in the opamp. Subsequently, an initial schematic is developed in LTspice, incorporating three amplifier stages: differential input stage, intermediate gain stage, and output buffer stage. Each stage is carefully designed to meet the specified requirements while ensuring stability, linearity, and low distortion. LTspice is utilized for circuit simulation, allowing for a
{"title":"Design Automation of 2 Stage COMS Op-Amp Using PSO Algorithm","authors":"Thanmay K. J, Dr.Harsha M. V","doi":"10.22214/ijraset.2024.63665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.63665","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Operational amplifiers, also referred to as op-amps, are crucial components of electronic circuit design that find extensive use in signal processing, amplification, and control systems, among other areas. As demands for better circuit performance, efficiency, and compactness continue to rise, optimizing op-amp designs is essential. In this research, the particle swarm optimization algorithm with LTSpice simulation is used to create and optimize a three-stage CMOS op-amp using stateof-the-art approaches. A baseline op-amp circuit is produced through laborious design iterations and performance evaluations carried out within LTSpice. This serves as the foundation for additional optimization efforts. The PSO method in MATLAB is then applied as the optimization process moves forward. Particle Swarm Optimization is a computational optimization methodology inspired by the social behaviour of organisms such as bird flocking and fish schooling. In Particle Swarm Optimization, a population of potential solutions, called particles, moves through the search space. Both the global best-known location and each particle's unique best-known position affect its motion of the swarm. The project intends to obtain optimal op-amp performance by balancing design trade-offs and pushing the frontiers of efficiency and innovation through the combined power of LTSpice simulation and MATLAB optimization. Designers can find the best op-amp configurations that adhere to strict design specifications more quickly by combining the strengths of both tools. In the end, this project shows evidence of the integration of optimization and simulation methods in electronic circuit design. Through the use of LTSpice for circuit simulation and the PSO method for optimization, designers can explore new avenues for op-ampdesign, hence promoting breakthroughs in electronic systems and electrical engineering innovation. Operational amplifiers play a crucial role in modern electronic circuits, finding applications in a wide array of systems including signal processing, instrumentation, and control. This paper presents a comprehensive methodology for the design and automation of a three-stage operational amplifier using LTspice simulation software and MATLAB scripting. The aim of this work is to achieve a high-performance opamp design while minimizing manual intervention and optimizing the design parameters efficiently. The design process begins with the definition of specifications such as gain, bandwidth, slew rate, and power consumption, which are essential for determining the required characteristics of each stage in the opamp. Subsequently, an initial schematic is developed in LTspice, incorporating three amplifier stages: differential input stage, intermediate gain stage, and output buffer stage. Each stage is carefully designed to meet the specified requirements while ensuring stability, linearity, and low distortion. LTspice is utilized for circuit simulation, allowing for a","PeriodicalId":13718,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-31DOI: 10.22214/ijraset.2024.63742
Dr. Priyanshi Saxena
Abstract: Mutrakruchhra causes discomfort and difficulties during urinating. Muhurmuhu Mutrapravruttis, Sadaha, and Saruja are its primary characteristics. Pittaja Mutra Kruchhra is one of the several varieties of Mutrakruchhra that are formed due to Vatadi doshas. In contemporary science, Pittaj Mutrakruchchra is comparable to a lower urinary tract infection. A frequent medical issue in youngsters is urinary tract infection (UTI), which affects 1% to 3% of males and 3% to 10% of girls. The urinary disorders are under two broader heading in Ayurveda Mutrakruchhra and Mutraghata. The difference in two clinical scenarios is based on the intensity of obstruction. Painful micturition is being predominant symptom in UTI, it can be correlated with Mutrakruchhra, more preciously with Pittaj Mutra kruchhra that occurs due to vitiation of doshas which reach urinary bladder are compressing the urinary tract leading to difficulty in urination and give rise to following features burning sensation, yellow colored urine, dysuria while micturition. Various drugs have been described in Ayurvedic texts to treat urinary tract infection (Pitta Mutrakruchhra) like Amalaki, Gokshura, Laghu panchmula gana, Shatavari, Trin panchmula gana etc. to be given in various combination with proper Anupana (adjuvant or vehicle) and in appropriate forms i.e. Kwatha (Decoction), Heem etc.
{"title":"A Literature Review on Ayurvedic Management of Pittaj Mutrakruccha in Children","authors":"Dr. Priyanshi Saxena","doi":"10.22214/ijraset.2024.63742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.63742","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Mutrakruchhra causes discomfort and difficulties during urinating. Muhurmuhu Mutrapravruttis, Sadaha, and Saruja are its primary characteristics. Pittaja Mutra Kruchhra is one of the several varieties of Mutrakruchhra that are formed due to Vatadi doshas. In contemporary science, Pittaj Mutrakruchchra is comparable to a lower urinary tract infection. A frequent medical issue in youngsters is urinary tract infection (UTI), which affects 1% to 3% of males and 3% to 10% of girls. The urinary disorders are under two broader heading in Ayurveda Mutrakruchhra and Mutraghata. The difference in two clinical scenarios is based on the intensity of obstruction. Painful micturition is being predominant symptom in UTI, it can be correlated with Mutrakruchhra, more preciously with Pittaj Mutra kruchhra that occurs due to vitiation of doshas which reach urinary bladder are compressing the urinary tract leading to difficulty in urination and give rise to following features burning sensation, yellow colored urine, dysuria while micturition. Various drugs have been described in Ayurvedic texts to treat urinary tract infection (Pitta Mutrakruchhra) like Amalaki, Gokshura, Laghu panchmula gana, Shatavari, Trin panchmula gana etc. to be given in various combination with proper Anupana (adjuvant or vehicle) and in appropriate forms i.e. Kwatha (Decoction), Heem etc.","PeriodicalId":13718,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology","volume":"40 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-31DOI: 10.22214/ijraset.2024.63616
Mamta Yadav
Abstract: In this research paper I have thoroughly described about the topic “A Comparative Study on Digital Financial Literacy and E-Banking Adoption”. The rapid expansion of digital technology has altered money. Thus, digital financial literacy and ebanking are more crucial than ever. The opening of this paper discusses the relationship between digital financial literacy and ebanking and their importance in the current world. Digital financial literacy is having the knowledge, skills, and trust to manage your money online. E-banking services are increasing, therefore people must grasp online transfers, mobile payments, and safety. The purpose of this research is to determine whether digital financial knowledge affects e-banking usage. E-banking is popular since it's simple and provides financial services. To be extensively utilized, individuals must comprehend and accept digital technologies. This research assumes that individuals who understand digital finances would utilize e-banking more since they grasp its advantages and hazards. Mixed-methods research will test this notion. This means quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews will be utilized to learn about individuals' attitudes, challenges, and motives for utilizing e-banking. The research seeks to determine which aspects of digital financial literacy most impact online bankers. This work has wide-ranging impacts. Financial organizations, politicians, and schools may utilize its findings to develop targeted initiatives to increase digital financial literacy and encourage confident e-banking. Filling knowledge gaps and addressing anxieties may help society reap the advantages of digital banking while minimizing hazards. This research contributes to the digital financial literacy and e-banking discussion. It intends to reveal how people's digital financial abilities impact their propensity to utilize e-banking services, paving the way for an open, information-based digital financial future.
{"title":"A Comparative Study on Digital Financial Literacy and E-Banking Adoption","authors":"Mamta Yadav","doi":"10.22214/ijraset.2024.63616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.63616","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: In this research paper I have thoroughly described about the topic “A Comparative Study on Digital Financial Literacy and E-Banking Adoption”. The rapid expansion of digital technology has altered money. Thus, digital financial literacy and ebanking are more crucial than ever. The opening of this paper discusses the relationship between digital financial literacy and ebanking and their importance in the current world. Digital financial literacy is having the knowledge, skills, and trust to manage your money online. E-banking services are increasing, therefore people must grasp online transfers, mobile payments, and safety. The purpose of this research is to determine whether digital financial knowledge affects e-banking usage. E-banking is popular since it's simple and provides financial services. To be extensively utilized, individuals must comprehend and accept digital technologies. This research assumes that individuals who understand digital finances would utilize e-banking more since they grasp its advantages and hazards. Mixed-methods research will test this notion. This means quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews will be utilized to learn about individuals' attitudes, challenges, and motives for utilizing e-banking. The research seeks to determine which aspects of digital financial literacy most impact online bankers. This work has wide-ranging impacts. Financial organizations, politicians, and schools may utilize its findings to develop targeted initiatives to increase digital financial literacy and encourage confident e-banking. Filling knowledge gaps and addressing anxieties may help society reap the advantages of digital banking while minimizing hazards. This research contributes to the digital financial literacy and e-banking discussion. It intends to reveal how people's digital financial abilities impact their propensity to utilize e-banking services, paving the way for an open, information-based digital financial future.","PeriodicalId":13718,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology","volume":"39 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-31DOI: 10.22214/ijraset.2024.63683
Mohith K P
Abstract: Breast cancer continues to be a critical health concern, necessitating early detection and accurate classification for effective treatment. This study presents a comparative analysis between a custom-designed Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and the pre-trained DenseNet121 model for breast cancer detection and classification. We compiled a comprehensive dataset of breast cancer images and applied appropriate preprocessing techniques to optimize the input for the models. The dataset was divided into training, validation, and testing sets to evaluate the models' performance. The CNN model comprises multiple convolutional and pooling layers followed by fully connected layers for classification, while the DenseNet121 model is fine-tuned specifically for breast cancer detection. The models were evaluated based on metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, and AUC-ROC. The DenseNet121 model outperformed the custom CNN model, achieving higher accuracy and reliability. For wider accessibility, we integrated the superior DenseNet121 model into a user-friendly web-based interface using Python Flask, enabling real-time breast cancer predictions. Ethical considerations were paramount, ensuring data privacy, security, and transparency in all model predictions. This study highlights the effectiveness of the DenseNet121 model and contributes to improved breast cancer diagnosis and patient care.
{"title":"Enhancing Breast Cancer Detection: Leveraging Convolutional Neural Networks","authors":"Mohith K P","doi":"10.22214/ijraset.2024.63683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.63683","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Breast cancer continues to be a critical health concern, necessitating early detection and accurate classification for effective treatment. This study presents a comparative analysis between a custom-designed Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and the pre-trained DenseNet121 model for breast cancer detection and classification. We compiled a comprehensive dataset of breast cancer images and applied appropriate preprocessing techniques to optimize the input for the models. The dataset was divided into training, validation, and testing sets to evaluate the models' performance. The CNN model comprises multiple convolutional and pooling layers followed by fully connected layers for classification, while the DenseNet121 model is fine-tuned specifically for breast cancer detection. The models were evaluated based on metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, and AUC-ROC. The DenseNet121 model outperformed the custom CNN model, achieving higher accuracy and reliability. For wider accessibility, we integrated the superior DenseNet121 model into a user-friendly web-based interface using Python Flask, enabling real-time breast cancer predictions. Ethical considerations were paramount, ensuring data privacy, security, and transparency in all model predictions. This study highlights the effectiveness of the DenseNet121 model and contributes to improved breast cancer diagnosis and patient care.","PeriodicalId":13718,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-31DOI: 10.22214/ijraset.2024.63137
Shaheen Chouhan
Abstract: This study thoroughly explores the analysis and prediction of stress levels using a dataset that encompasses a diverse range of physiological parameters. The dataset undergoes meticulous preparation and scrutiny to comprehend its composition and quality, laying the groundwork for subsequent analysis. Through data visualization, valuable glimpses on the connections amongst stress levels and physiological attributes are gained, serving as a foundational step for further examination. The primary focus of this work is on the development and evaluation of machine learning models for stress level prediction. Various models, including Logistic Regression, Random Forest, Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine (SVM), k-Nearest Neighbors (kNN), and Gaussian Naive Bayes, are rigorously trained and tested. These models exhibit remarkable performance, with selected ones achieving impeccable accuracy on the test data. The successful development of these models opens up practical applications in healthcare, well-being monitoring, and stress management. However, the study acknowledges certain limitations, particularly about the portrayal and the accuracy of the data. The level of accuracy nor broadness of the dataset affect the effectiveness of the models. Future studies and data gathering initiatives might improve the precision and reliability of stress level predictions. In conclusion, this work establishes a promising foundation for utilizing machine learning in stress assessment and management, with the potential to positively impact individuals' health and well-being.
{"title":"Predictive Modelling of Stress Levels During Sleep using Machine learning","authors":"Shaheen Chouhan","doi":"10.22214/ijraset.2024.63137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.63137","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: This study thoroughly explores the analysis and prediction of stress levels using a dataset that encompasses a diverse range of physiological parameters. The dataset undergoes meticulous preparation and scrutiny to comprehend its composition and quality, laying the groundwork for subsequent analysis. Through data visualization, valuable glimpses on the connections amongst stress levels and physiological attributes are gained, serving as a foundational step for further examination. The primary focus of this work is on the development and evaluation of machine learning models for stress level prediction. Various models, including Logistic Regression, Random Forest, Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine (SVM), k-Nearest Neighbors (kNN), and Gaussian Naive Bayes, are rigorously trained and tested. These models exhibit remarkable performance, with selected ones achieving impeccable accuracy on the test data. The successful development of these models opens up practical applications in healthcare, well-being monitoring, and stress management. However, the study acknowledges certain limitations, particularly about the portrayal and the accuracy of the data. The level of accuracy nor broadness of the dataset affect the effectiveness of the models. Future studies and data gathering initiatives might improve the precision and reliability of stress level predictions. In conclusion, this work establishes a promising foundation for utilizing machine learning in stress assessment and management, with the potential to positively impact individuals' health and well-being.","PeriodicalId":13718,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-31DOI: 10.22214/ijraset.2024.63531
N. Verma
Abstract: Three-dimensional (3D) concrete printing (3DCP) is a transformative construction technique that offers the potential for greater efficiency, customization, and architectural flexibility. This technology is becoming increasingly necessary in the construction industry due to its ability to reduce labour costs, increase productivity, and minimize waste. The use of alkali-activated materials in 3DCP is gaining attention due to their superior mechanical properties and lower carbon footprint compared to traditional Portland cement. These materials, which include agro-industrial by-products like fly ash, slag and bagasse ash are activated by alkaline solutions to form a binder. The development of sustainable, alkali activated 3DCP materials is a critical step towards environmentally friendly construction practices. The primary focus of this research is to investigate the hardened properties of 3DCP materials, including compressive strength, flexural strength, split tensile strength, bond strength, and Poisson’s ratio. These properties are fundamental for predicting the performance of 3D printed structures under various loading conditions.
摘要：三维（3D）混凝土打印（3DCP）是一种变革性的建筑技术，具有提高效率、定制化和建筑灵活性的潜力。由于该技术能够降低劳动力成本、提高生产率并最大限度地减少浪费，因此在建筑行业越来越有必要采用。与传统硅酸盐水泥相比，碱活性材料具有更优越的机械性能和更低的碳足迹，因此在 3DCP 中使用碱活性材料正日益受到关注。这些材料包括粉煤灰、矿渣和蔗渣灰等农用工业副产品，经碱性溶液活化后形成粘结剂。开发可持续的碱活化 3DCP 材料是实现环境友好型建筑实践的关键一步。这项研究的主要重点是调查 3DCP 材料的硬化性能，包括抗压强度、抗弯强度、劈裂拉伸强度、粘结强度和泊松比。这些特性对于预测 3D 打印结构在各种加载条件下的性能至关重要。
{"title":"Review Paper on Investigating the Hardened Properties of Extrusion Based 3D Concrete Printing with Agro-Industrial Waste Materials","authors":"N. Verma","doi":"10.22214/ijraset.2024.63531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.63531","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Three-dimensional (3D) concrete printing (3DCP) is a transformative construction technique that offers the potential for greater efficiency, customization, and architectural flexibility. This technology is becoming increasingly necessary in the construction industry due to its ability to reduce labour costs, increase productivity, and minimize waste. The use of alkali-activated materials in 3DCP is gaining attention due to their superior mechanical properties and lower carbon footprint compared to traditional Portland cement. These materials, which include agro-industrial by-products like fly ash, slag and bagasse ash are activated by alkaline solutions to form a binder. The development of sustainable, alkali activated 3DCP materials is a critical step towards environmentally friendly construction practices. The primary focus of this research is to investigate the hardened properties of 3DCP materials, including compressive strength, flexural strength, split tensile strength, bond strength, and Poisson’s ratio. These properties are fundamental for predicting the performance of 3D printed structures under various loading conditions.","PeriodicalId":13718,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology","volume":"6 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：