International endodontic journal最新文献

{"title":"Calcium-sensing receptor regulates the angiogenic differentiation of LPS-treated human dental pulp cells via the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt pathway in vitro","authors":"Ting Yang,&nbsp;Peiqi Liu,&nbsp;Zixin Qiu,&nbsp;Yuejiao Zhang,&nbsp;Shaofeng An","doi":"10.1111/iej.14129","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iej.14129","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) in the angiogenic differentiation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated human dental pulp cells (hDPCs).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methodology</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The LPS-induced hDPCs were cultured in the medium with different combinations of CaSR agonist R568 and antagonist Calhex231. The cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenic capacity were measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), scratch wound healing, and tube formation assays, respectively. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and western blot were conducted to determine the gene/protein expression of CaSR, inflammatory mediators, and angiogenic-associated markers. The activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B (Akt) was assessed by western blot analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The cell proliferation was elevated in response to R568 or Calhex231 exposure, but an enhanced cell migration was only found in cultures supplemented with Calhex231. Furthermore, R568 was found to potentiate the formation of vessel-like structure, up-regulated the protein expression of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1; comparable influences were also observed in R568-stimulated cells in the presence of PI3K inhibitor LY294002. In contrast, Calhex231 obviously inhibited the tube formation and VEGF protein level, whereas promoted the production of IL-6, TNF-α, and eNOS; however, in the presence of LY294002, Calhex231 showed a significant promotion on the protein expression of CaSR, VEGF, and SDF-1. In addition, R568 exhibited a promotive action on the Akt phosphorylation, which can be reversed by LY294002.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results demonstrated that CaSR can regulate the angiogenic differentiation of LPS-treated hDPCs with an involvement of the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141855391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Apical periodontitis as an aggravating factor for the severity of rheumatoid arthritis: An animal study","authors":"Bianca Araújo Magalhães Damiani,&nbsp;Karem Paula Pinto,&nbsp;Cláudio Malizia Alves Ferreira,&nbsp;Estéfano Borgo Sarmento,&nbsp;Carolina Oliveira de Lima,&nbsp;Caroline Silva Cassimiro,&nbsp;Luciana Moura Sassone,&nbsp;Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal da Silva","doi":"10.1111/iej.14130","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iej.14130","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The present study investigated the influence of apical periodontitis (AP) on the severity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using a Wistar rat model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methodology</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Forty male Wistar rats were distributed across four groups (<i>n</i> = 10) based on the induction of RA and AP: Control, RA, AP, and RA + AP. RA was induced through two immunisations with type II collagen emulsified in incomplete Freund's adjuvant, followed by one immunisation with complete Freund's adjuvant. After 21 days of RA induction, AP was induced by exposing the pulp of four molars. Animals were euthanized after 28 days of pulp exposure. Through the experiment, visual and behavioural assessments tracked RA development and the knees and hind paw joints were measured. Micro-computed tomography scans of knees and hind paws, as well as mandibles and maxillae, were conducted to evaluate RA severity and the presence of AP, respectively. Serum samples were collected to analyse proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-17, and TNF-α). Non-parametric data were analysed using the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Student–Newman–Keuls test, while one-way <span>anova</span> followed by Tukey's test was performed for parametric data. A significance level of 5% was employed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All molars submitted to access cavity developed AP. All joints subjected to arthritis induction developed the disease, with AP + RA demonstrating a higher arthritis severity when compared to the RA group (<i>p</i> &lt; .05). RA + AP group displayed a significantly larger hind paw and knee circumference compared to the RA group (<i>p</i> &lt; .05). Micro-CT images of RA and RA + AP groups revealed joints with erosions and bone deformities, with a significantly lower bone surface density, lower trabecular number and higher trabecular separation in the hind paw and a significantly lower percent bone volume and higher trabecular separation in the knees of RA + AP group compared to RA group (<i>p</i> &lt; .05). RA + AP group exhibited a significantly higher level of TNF-α and a lower level of IL-2 compared to all other groups (<i>p</i> &lt; .05). Both RA and RA + AP groups had significantly higher IL-17 levels (<i>p</i> &lt; .05), while there was no significant difference in IL-1β levels among the groups (<i>p</i> &gt; .05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings from this study underscore a possible relationship between apical periodontitis and the exacerbation of rheumatoid arthritis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141855390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence in endodontics: Data preparation, clinical applications, ethical considerations, limitations, and future directions","authors":"Hossein Mohammad-Rahimi,&nbsp;Fatemeh Sohrabniya,&nbsp;Seyed AmirHossein Ourang,&nbsp;Omid Dianat,&nbsp;Anita Aminoshariae,&nbsp;Venkateshbabu Nagendrababu,&nbsp;Paul Michael Howell Dummer,&nbsp;Henry F. Duncan,&nbsp;Ali Nosrat","doi":"10.1111/iej.14128","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iej.14128","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Artificial intelligence (AI) is emerging as a transformative technology in healthcare, including endodontics. A gap in knowledge exists in understanding AI's applications and limitations among endodontic experts. This comprehensive review aims to (A) elaborate on technical and ethical aspects of using data to implement AI models in endodontics; (B) elaborate on evaluation metrics; (C) review the current applications of AI in endodontics; and (D) review the limitations and barriers to real-world implementation of AI in the field of endodontics and its future potentials/directions. The article shows that AI techniques have been applied in endodontics for critical tasks such as detection of radiolucent lesions, analysis of root canal morphology, prediction of treatment outcome and post-operative pain and more. Deep learning models like convolutional neural networks demonstrate high accuracy in these applications. However, challenges remain regarding model interpretability, generalizability, and adoption into clinical practice. When thoughtfully implemented, AI has great potential to aid with diagnostics, treatment planning, clinical interventions, and education in the field of endodontics. However, concerted efforts are still needed to address limitations and to facilitate integration into clinical workflows.</p>","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/iej.14128","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141792395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence in endodontics: Fundamental principles, workflow, and tasks","authors":"Seyed AmirHossein Ourang,&nbsp;Fatemeh Sohrabniya,&nbsp;Hossein Mohammad-Rahimi,&nbsp;Omid Dianat,&nbsp;Anita Aminoshariae,&nbsp;Venkateshbabu Nagendrababu,&nbsp;Paul Michael Howell Dummer,&nbsp;Henry F. Duncan,&nbsp;Ali Nosrat","doi":"10.1111/iej.14127","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iej.14127","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare has seen significant advancements, particularly in areas requiring image interpretation. Endodontics, a specialty within dentistry, stands to benefit immensely from AI applications, especially in interpreting radiographic images. However, there is a knowledge gap among endodontists regarding the fundamentals of machine learning and deep learning, hindering the full utilization of AI in this field. This narrative review aims to: (A) elaborate on the basic principles of machine learning and deep learning and present the basics of neural network architectures; (B) explain the workflow for developing AI solutions, from data collection through clinical integration; (C) discuss specific AI tasks and applications relevant to endodontic diagnosis and treatment. The article shows that AI offers diverse practical applications in endodontics. Computer vision methods help analyse images while natural language processing extracts insights from text. With robust validation, these techniques can enhance diagnosis, treatment planning, education, and patient care. In conclusion, AI holds significant potential to benefit endodontic research, practice, and education. Successful integration requires an evolving partnership between clinicians, computer scientists, and industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/iej.14127","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141758566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tooth Anatomy Inspector: A comprehensive assessment of an extended reality (XR) application designed for teaching and learning of root canal anatomy by students","authors":"Christian Diegritz,&nbsp;Christina Fotiadou,&nbsp;Felix Fleischer,&nbsp;Marcel Reymus","doi":"10.1111/iej.14124","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iej.14124","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To develop and evaluate a suitable software application for mobile devices designed for teaching root canal anatomy to undergraduate students in an informative and engaging manner.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methodology</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Extracted human teeth were scanned by μCT and digitized by converting into STL files. An extended reality (XR) application illustrating the root canal anatomy of the scanned teeth was developed. Prior to deployment, undergraduate dental students were voluntarily asked about their expectations regarding an educational application on tooth anatomy. After a testing phase of the application on a mobile device and within a virtual reality environment, a subsequent evaluation was conducted to assess their overall experience in relation to their initial expectations. Data were analysed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and Mann-Whitney <i>U</i> test. The level of significance was set to .05 (<i>p</i> = .05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The application was able to meet the expectations of the students in all categories (<i>p</i> &lt; .466–.731). Furthermore, it was evaluated as user-friendly (98.2%) and highly motivating for the purpose of learning more on root canal anatomy (100%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Given the overwhelmingly positive reception from undergraduate dental students, the application emerges to be a promising supplementary teaching method for the endodontic curriculum.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/iej.14124","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141751634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proanthocyanidin surface preconditioning of dental pulp stem cell spheroids enhances dimensional stability and biomineralization in vitro","authors":"Shengyan Yang,&nbsp;Andy Yu Pan Leung,&nbsp;Zheng Wang,&nbsp;Cynthia Kar Yung Yiu,&nbsp;Waruna Lakmal Dissanayaka","doi":"10.1111/iej.14126","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iej.14126","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Lack of adequate mechanical strength and progressive shrinkage over time remain challenges in scaffold-free microtissue-based dental pulp regeneration. Surface collagen cross-linking holds the promise to enhance the mechanical stability of microtissue constructs and trigger biological regulations. In this study, we proposed a novel strategy for surface preconditioning microtissues using a natural collagen cross-linker, proanthocyanidin (PA). We evaluated its effects on cell viability, tissue integrity, and biomineralization of dental pulp stem cell (DPSCs)-derived 3D cell spheroids.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methodology&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Microtissue and macrotissue spheroids were fabricated from DPSCs and incubated with PA solution for surface collagen cross-linking. Microtissue viability was examined by live/dead staining and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)−2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, with transverse dimension change monitored. Microtissue surface stiffness was measured by an atomic force microscope (AFM). PA-preconditioned microtissues and macrotissues were cultured under basal or osteogenic conditions. Immunofluorescence staining of PA-preconditioned microtissues was performed to detect dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) and F-actin expressions. PA-preconditioned macrotissues were subjected to histological analysis, including haematoxylin–eosin (HE), alizarin red, and Masson trichrome staining. Immunohistochemistry staining was used to detect alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein 1 (DMP-1) expressions.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;PA preconditioning had no adverse effects on microtissue spheroid viability and increased surface stiffness. It reduced dimensional shrinkage for over 7 days in microtissues and induced a larger transverse-section area in the macrotissue. PA preconditioning enhanced collagen formation, mineralized nodule formation, and elevated ALP and DMP-1 expressions in macrotissues. Additionally, PA preconditioning induced higher F-actin and DSPP expression in microtissues, while inhibition of F-actin activity by cytochalasin B attenuated PA-induced dimensional change and DSPP upregulation.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;PA surface preconditioning of DPSCs spheroids demonstrates excellent biocompatibility while effectively enhancing tissue structure stability and promoting biomineralization. This strategy strengthens tissue integrity in DPSC-derived spheroids and amplifies osteogenic differentiation potential, advancing scaffold-","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/iej.14126","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141758567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methodological quality of umbrella reviews in endodontics: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Venkateshbabu Nagendrababu,&nbsp;Vellore Kannan Gopinath,&nbsp;Srinivasan Narasimhan,&nbsp;Anirudh B. Acharya,&nbsp;Paul M. H. Dummer,&nbsp;Clovis Mariano Faggion Jr","doi":"10.1111/iej.14114","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iej.14114","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In endodontics, the number of umbrella reviews has increased significantly over the last few years, but there is no evidence that they were methodologically sound. The aim of the current study was to appraise the methodological quality of umbrella reviews in endodontics, and to identify possible predictive factors associated with methodological quality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Umbrella reviews published in the discipline of endodontics until December 2023 were included. The methodological quality of the reviews was evaluated using a checklist consisting of 11 items. Each item in the checklist was evaluated by two independent assessors who assigned a score of ‘1’ if it was fully addressed, ‘0.5’ if it was partially ddressed, and ‘0’ if it was not addressed. Bootstrapped multiple linear regression analysis was used to examine the association between the total scores awarded and five predictor variables (<i>a priori</i> protocol registration, year of publication, number of authors, journal impact factor (IF) and continent of the corresponding author). The statistical significance level was set as 5%.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 27 reviews were included. Ninety-six per cent of the reviews adequately reported: eligibility criteria for selecting the reviews, details of the reviews, techniques for assessing the risk of bias or methodological quality of the individual systematic reviews they included. Only 30% of the reviews adequately managed overlapping primary studies within individual systematic reviews. Among the five predictors analysed, <i>a priori</i> protocol registration and journals with IFs were associated with significantly greater total methodological quality scores.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Several methodological shortcomings in the umbrella reviews published within the field of endodontics were revealed. Umbrella reviews published in journals with IFs and those with protocols registered <i>a priori</i> had significantly superior methodological quality scores.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In endodontics, authors intending to publish umbrella reviews should consider the limitations revealed in this study and follow the appropriate rules to ensure their reviews comply with the highest standards and provide accurate and dependable information and conclusions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141626642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic administration of propranolol reduces bone resorption and inflammation in apical periodontitis of chronically stressed rats","authors":"Rayana Duarte Khoury,&nbsp;Giovanna Bignoto Minhoto,&nbsp;Patricia Pimentel de Barros,&nbsp;Juliana Campos Junqueira,&nbsp;Carolina Fedel Gagliardi,&nbsp;Renata Falchete do Prado,&nbsp;Marcia Carneiro Valera","doi":"10.1111/iej.14118","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iej.14118","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate the effect of systemic administration of propranolol on the severity of apical periodontitis (AP) in chronically stressed rats.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methodology</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty-four 70-day-old male Wistar rats (<i>Rattus norvegicus</i>, <i>albinus</i>) were distributed into three groups (<i>n</i> = 8): rats with AP without stressful conditions (AP-Control), rats with AP and submitted to a chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) protocol (AP + S) and rats with AP and submitted to a CUS protocol treated with propranolol (AP + S + PRO). Stress procedures were applied daily until the end of the experiment. After 3 weeks of CUS, AP was induced in all groups by exposing the pulpal tissue of mandibular and maxillary first molars to the oral environment. Propranolol treatment was administered orally once a day for the entire period of the experiment. Rats were sacrificed at 42 days, and the blood was collected for stress biomarkers serum dosage by multiplex assay. Mandibles were removed and submitted to microtomography and histopathological analyses. Periapical tissue surrounding the upper first molar was homogenized and subjected to RT-PCR analysis to evaluate the mRNA expression of RANKL, TRAP and OPG. Parametric data were assessed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's test while the nonparametric data were analysed by the Kruskal–Wallis followed by Dunn's test. Significance level was set at 5% (<i>p</i> &lt; .05) for all assessed parameters.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Micro-CT revealed statistically significant differences in bone resorption which was greater in the AP + S group (<i>p</i> &lt; .05), but no differences were observed between the Control and AP + S + PRO groups (<i>p</i> &gt; .05). The AP + S + PRO group had a lower intensity and extent of inflammatory infiltrate compared to the AP + S group with smaller areas of bone loss (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The gene expression of RANKL and TRAP was significantly higher in the stressed group AP + S compared to the control group (<i>p</i> &lt; .05), and a significantly higher OPG expression was observed in AP + S + PRO compared to the AP + S group (<i>p</i> &lt; .05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Oral administration of propranolol had a significant effect on the AP severity in stressed rats, suggesting an anti-inflammatory effect and a protective role on bone resorption of AP in stressed animals. Further research is necessary to fully comprehend the underlying mechanisms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141603584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring access cavity through non-carious cervical lesions: Impacts on instrumentation, obturation, and fracture resistance in mandibular incisors","authors":"Emmanuel J. N. L. Silva,&nbsp;Patrícia S. Vianna,&nbsp;Carolina O. Lima,&nbsp;Ana Flávia A. Barbosa,&nbsp;Victor T. L. Vieira,&nbsp;Marco A. Versiani","doi":"10.1111/iej.14123","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iej.14123","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To compare the effects of Cervical Access Cavity (CervAC) and Traditional Access Cavity (TradAC) on root canal preparation, root canal filling, and fracture resistance in mandibular incisors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methodology</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty recently extracted and intact mandibular incisors were initially scanned using a micro-CT device. The specimens were anatomically matched to create two groups (<i>n</i> = 10). A wedge-shaped non-carious cervical lesion (NCCL) was created on the buccal aspect of all teeth using a double-faced segmented diamond disc. In group 1, a TradAC was prepared, whilst in group 2, access was created through the simulated NCCL using a round diamond bur 1012. After root canal preparation with Rotate instruments sizes 15/0.04, 20/0.04, and 25/0.04, the teeth were scanned again and evaluated for root canal volume and surface area, static voxels, volume of removed dental tissue, and dentine thickness. After that, the root canals were filled using the single-cone technique, teeth were restored with composite resin, and subsequently rescanned to calculate the volume of filling materials and voids. Then, the restored teeth were subjected to fracture resistance tests using a universal testing machine. Statistical comparisons between groups were performed with the Mann–Whitney test or the Student's <i>t</i>-test, with a statistical significance level of 5%.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Statistical comparisons indicated no significant differences between groups in terms of root canal volume, surface area, static voxels, removed root dentine, root canal filling volume, percentage of voids, or fracture resistance load (<i>p</i> &gt; .05). Conversely, teeth prepared with TradAC showed a significantly higher percentage of dental tissue removed from the crown (<i>p</i> = .001) and a greater volume of filling material remnants in the pulp chamber (<i>p</i> &lt; .001) compared to the CervAC group. A significantly lower percentage reduction in dentine thickness was observed only on the mesial aspect of root at Level 1 in TradAC group (<i>p</i> = .008).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CervAC can be considered a viable alternative approach in the presence of NCCL in mandibular incisors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141563260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term prognosis for teeth with external cervical resorption based on periapical images and cone beam CT: A clinical study","authors":"Julie Suhr Villefrance,&nbsp;Lise-Lotte Kirkevang,&nbsp;Ann Wenzel,&nbsp;Michael Væth,&nbsp;Louise Hauge Matzen","doi":"10.1111/iej.14122","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iej.14122","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate whether supplemental information from CBCT changed long-term prognosis for teeth with external cervical resorption (ECR) compared to periapical (PA) images. Furthermore, to assess predictive findings in PA images and evaluate which findings in CBCT affected the long-term prognosis of teeth with ECR.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methodology</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One hundred and ninty-four patients, mean age 41.2, range 13–81, having 244 teeth with ECR were included. An initial long-term prognosis determined either good or poor was established based on intraoral images. Afterwards, the patients underwent CBCT, and final long-term prognosis was decided. From the PA images and CBCT, ECR using Heithersay's classification system, pulp involvement and extension of ECR was assessed. In CBCT, the number of surface lesion(s) was additionally assessed. Descriptive statistics evaluated changes in long-term prognosis after CBCT. Logistic regression analyses tested if findings in PA images and CBCT affected the long-term prognosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Based on CBCT, out of 244 teeth the long-term prognosis was assessed to be poor for 173 (70.9%) teeth and good for 71 (29.1%) teeth. The long-term prognosis changed in 76 (31.1%) teeth after CBCT; 5 (2.0%) changed from poor to good, and 71 (29%) changed from good to poor long-term prognosis. In 81 (33.2%) teeth the H-class increased, and in 10 (4.1%) teeth the H-class decreased after assessing CBCT. In 70 (28.7%) teeth, there was a change from no pulp involvement to involvement of the pulp after CBCT; eight (3.3%) teeth changed in the opposite direction. H-class 2 and 4 in PA images significantly increased the probability for a change in long-term prognosis compared to an H-class 3 (<i>p</i> &lt; .05). H-class 4, pulp involvement, ECR in the oral 1/3 of the root, and more than two surface lesions seen in CBCT significantly influenced a poor long-term prognosis (<i>p</i> &lt; .05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Supplemental information from CBCT changed long-term prognosis in almost one third of teeth with ECR. In most cases, the long-term prognosis changed from good to poor. H-class 3 in PA images had a significant influence on change in long-term prognosis. Several findings in CBCT influenced a poor long-term prognosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/iej.14122","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141558735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}