N. Aisyah, N. Arumugam, Mohd. Ariff Hussein, I. Latiff
The objective of this study is to determine factors affecting the technical efficiency of the inshore fisheries in Kuala Terengganu. Data for the study was collected from a survey conducted between June and August 2007 where 100 fishermen in 14 villages were chosen by stratified sampling. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) and Tobit analysis were employed to determine the technical efficiency level and factors influencing technical efficiency among the fishermen. Results of the study show that, most fishing units exhibit a low degree of technical efficiency. This implies that either fishing inputs were used inefficiently or insufficient inputs were used in fishing activities. The mean technical efficiency for the sample was estimated to be 55% for the peak season and 40% for the non peak season. About 37% and 62% of the fishermen had less than 40% level of technical efficiency in peak season and non peak season respectively. Management variables (planning, staffing and controlling) and demographic variables (size of horsepower, size of family and formal education) exert positive effects on technical efficiency of inshore fisheries in Kuala Terengganu. These findings suggest that there is much room for improvement in efficiency among a large segment of the inshore fishermen. With appropriate training and using more advanced technologies, fishermen’ level of technical efficiency can be raised.
{"title":"Factors Affecting the Technical Efficiency Level of Inshore Fisheries in Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia","authors":"N. Aisyah, N. Arumugam, Mohd. Ariff Hussein, I. Latiff","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.147578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.147578","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study is to determine factors affecting the technical efficiency of the inshore fisheries in Kuala Terengganu. Data for the study was collected from a survey conducted between June and August 2007 where 100 fishermen in 14 villages were chosen by stratified sampling. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) and Tobit analysis were employed to determine the technical efficiency level and factors influencing technical efficiency among the fishermen. Results of the study show that, most fishing units exhibit a low degree of technical efficiency. This implies that either fishing inputs were used inefficiently or insufficient inputs were used in fishing activities. The mean technical efficiency for the sample was estimated to be 55% for the peak season and 40% for the non peak season. About 37% and 62% of the fishermen had less than 40% level of technical efficiency in peak season and non peak season respectively. Management variables (planning, staffing and controlling) and demographic variables (size of horsepower, size of family and formal education) exert positive effects on technical efficiency of inshore fisheries in Kuala Terengganu. These findings suggest that there is much room for improvement in efficiency among a large segment of the inshore fishermen. With appropriate training and using more advanced technologies, fishermen’ level of technical efficiency can be raised.","PeriodicalId":13735,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Management and Development","volume":"2 1","pages":"49-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68515620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
According to the Ahlowalia hypothesis (1995), the growth of total factor productivity (TFP) beside infrastructure investments of government lead to income inequality decrease in rural areas of countries. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effects of public investments such as agricultural R&E, road, education and irrigation on income inequality in rural areas of Iran. In order to get results, we used ARDL method and time series data of 1980 to 2008. However, this research attempts to survey the direction of causality between the income inequality and total factor productivity (TFP) in Iran. Empirical results show there is a negative relation between income inequality and agricultural TFP in rural areas of Iran. Hence, additional investments on rural education and agricultural R&E have significance and different impacts on income inequality. Findings showed Ahlowalia hypothesis developed for the relation among income inequality, TFP and investment in electricity is not rejected in case of Iran`s rural areas.
{"title":"Study of Effective Factors on Income Inequality Decrease in Rural Areas of Iran","authors":"A. Bagherzadeh","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.147582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.147582","url":null,"abstract":"According to the Ahlowalia hypothesis (1995), the growth of total factor productivity (TFP) beside infrastructure investments of government lead to income inequality decrease in rural areas of countries. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effects of public investments such as agricultural R&E, road, education and irrigation on income inequality in rural areas of Iran. In order to get results, we used ARDL method and time series data of 1980 to 2008. However, this research attempts to survey the direction of causality between the income inequality and total factor productivity (TFP) in Iran. Empirical results show there is a negative relation between income inequality and agricultural TFP in rural areas of Iran. Hence, additional investments on rural education and agricultural R&E have significance and different impacts on income inequality. Findings showed Ahlowalia hypothesis developed for the relation among income inequality, TFP and investment in electricity is not rejected in case of Iran`s rural areas.","PeriodicalId":13735,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Management and Development","volume":"2 1","pages":"71-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68515674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Olawuyi Seyi Olalekan, F. Olapade-Ogunwole, M. O. Raufu
Rural households in Nigeria are vulnerable to shock because of their limited capacity to make informed decision on secured coping strategies which is further aggravated by some households’ specific socio-economic characteristics. Attempts were made to identify shocks being faced by households’ heads and coping strategies. Multistage sampling technique was used to select 80 respondents and well structured questionnaire was used to collect data through in-depth interview. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics to describe households’ socio- economic variables; Probit analysis was also used to determine the relationship between personal socio-economic characteristics of the respondents, shocks and choice of coping actions. The results revealed that a large share of households experience multidimensional shocks, which are mainly associated to ecological but also suffer from other economic, demographic and social factors. Majority of households undertake coping actions in response to shocks; coping strategies employed but not limited to include borrowing, distress sales of assets, remittances, adjustment in food intake, drawing on savings. Educational status, household size, per capita income, shocks type, coping strategies, among others are found to significantly affect the choice of coping actions and are likely to have implications for households’ future welfare status.
{"title":"Shocks and Coping Strategies of Rural Households: Evidence from Ogo-Oluwa Local Government, Oyo State, Nigeria","authors":"Olawuyi Seyi Olalekan, F. Olapade-Ogunwole, M. O. Raufu","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.147569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.147569","url":null,"abstract":"Rural households in Nigeria are vulnerable to shock because of their limited capacity to make informed decision on secured coping strategies which is further aggravated by some households’ specific socio-economic characteristics. Attempts were made to identify shocks being faced by households’ heads and coping strategies. Multistage sampling technique was used to select 80 respondents and well structured questionnaire was used to collect data through in-depth interview. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics to describe households’ socio- economic variables; Probit analysis was also used to determine the relationship between personal socio-economic characteristics of the respondents, shocks and choice of coping actions. The results revealed that a large share of households experience multidimensional shocks, which are mainly associated to ecological but also suffer from other economic, demographic and social factors. Majority of households undertake coping actions in response to shocks; coping strategies employed but not limited to include borrowing, distress sales of assets, remittances, adjustment in food intake, drawing on savings. Educational status, household size, per capita income, shocks type, coping strategies, among others are found to significantly affect the choice of coping actions and are likely to have implications for households’ future welfare status.","PeriodicalId":13735,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Management and Development","volume":"1 1","pages":"259-266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68515541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Kanyi, T. Vandenbosch, F. Ngesa, J. Kibett, G. Muthaa
The Farmers of the Future (FoF) initiative implemented a programme of integrating natural resources management in the basic education curriculum. The purpose of the study was to document activities and determine the effects of FoF programme on primary school learners’ perceptions towards natural resources management by comparing learners involved in the FoF programme and those not involved. Further, comparison of perceptions by gender among learners involved in the FoF was done. The study employed an ex-post-facto design. The location of the study was the western region of Kenya. The sample was composed of 120 learners and 6 teachers, making a total of 126 respondents. This was in accordance with recommendations by Kathuri and Pals (1993). The data were collected using questionnaires and analysed using t-test at alpha = 0.05. The instruments were validated by two experts in the Department of Agricultural Education and Extension at Egerton University and one expert from ICRAF. Reliability was tested through pilot testing and indicated a reliability coefficient of 0.72 The findings indicated that the FoF programme had a significant influence on learners’ positive perceptions towards natural resources management thus the programme forms an integral part in sustainable agriculture.
{"title":"Integration of Natural Resource Management in the Primary Education Curriculum in Kenya","authors":"M. Kanyi, T. Vandenbosch, F. Ngesa, J. Kibett, G. Muthaa","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.143654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.143654","url":null,"abstract":"The Farmers of the Future (FoF) initiative implemented a programme of integrating natural resources management in the basic education curriculum. The purpose of the study was to document activities and determine the effects of FoF programme on primary school learners’ perceptions towards natural resources management by comparing learners involved in the FoF programme and those not involved. Further, comparison of perceptions by gender among learners involved in the FoF was done. The study employed an ex-post-facto design. The location of the study was the western region of Kenya. The sample was composed of 120 learners and 6 teachers, making a total of 126 respondents. This was in accordance with recommendations by Kathuri and Pals (1993). The data were collected using questionnaires and analysed using t-test at alpha = 0.05. The instruments were validated by two experts in the Department of Agricultural Education and Extension at Egerton University and one expert from ICRAF. Reliability was tested through pilot testing and indicated a reliability coefficient of 0.72 The findings indicated that the FoF programme had a significant influence on learners’ positive perceptions towards natural resources management thus the programme forms an integral part in sustainable agriculture.","PeriodicalId":13735,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Management and Development","volume":"1 1","pages":"221-228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68514555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Barghandan, K. Barghandan, M. Naeemi, A. Mohammadzadeh
Globalization is integration of national economies in global economy and infers on increasing the flow of goods and services. In this study the consequences of globalization were studied through the analysis of Level of International Trade index (LIT) in the caviar export equation. The required data were gathered from Statistical Yearbook of Foreign Trade, Statistical Yearbook of fisheries, Statistical Yearbook of the International Monetary Fund, United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization and different issues of Central Bank of Iran over 1974-2007. The results showed that domestic production of caviar have significant and positive effects on its export. In addition, sign of level of international trade variable in the estimated model is positive and indicates trade restrictions remove lead to increase in caviar export.
{"title":"Study of the Effects of Globalization on Iranian Caviar Export","authors":"A. Barghandan, K. Barghandan, M. Naeemi, A. Mohammadzadeh","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.147549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.147549","url":null,"abstract":"Globalization is integration of national economies in global economy and infers on increasing the flow of goods and services. In this study the consequences of globalization were studied through the analysis of Level of International Trade index (LIT) in the caviar export equation. The required data were gathered from Statistical Yearbook of Foreign Trade, Statistical Yearbook of fisheries, Statistical Yearbook of the International Monetary Fund, United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization and different issues of Central Bank of Iran over 1974-2007. The results showed that domestic production of caviar have significant and positive effects on its export. In addition, sign of level of international trade variable in the estimated model is positive and indicates trade restrictions remove lead to increase in caviar export.","PeriodicalId":13735,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Management and Development","volume":"1 1","pages":"189-195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68515918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kaimba George Kinyua, Guliye Abdi Yakub, Njehia Bernard Kamau, H. Bett
The study sought to determine whether pastoralists have resorted to sale of livestock as a form of insurance against commercialization of cattle rustling in which well structured and managed cartels have organised more intense and frequent cattle raids on pastoralist, and how their decisions have affected their herd size. The study was conducted among the pastoral Baringo community of Kenya. A sample size of 110 households was selected using multi-stage sampling procedures and interviewed using a questionnaire. Binary Probit Model and Ordinary Least Squares were used in the analysis. Results indicated that cattle rustling, particularly in its predatory state significantly contributes to spontaneous sale of livestock even under very low prices that in themselves could be described as raiding. The results further indicated that the number of livestock lost through cattle rustling dominated livestock sale and hence reduced herd size and the numbers of livestock available for sale. The insecurity generated by cattle rustling, coupled with the poor marketing infrastructure make market inaccessible by both buyers and sellers, resulting to increased poverty and dependency amongst the pastoralists. Consequently, pastoralism has become a source of misery rather than source of livelihood.
{"title":"Livestock Marketing Decisions Among Pastoral Communities: The Influence of Cattle Rustling in Baringo District, Kenya","authors":"Kaimba George Kinyua, Guliye Abdi Yakub, Njehia Bernard Kamau, H. Bett","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.164079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.164079","url":null,"abstract":"The study sought to determine whether pastoralists have resorted to sale of livestock as a form of insurance against commercialization of cattle rustling in which well structured and managed cartels have organised more intense and frequent cattle raids on pastoralist, and how their decisions have affected their herd size. The study was conducted among the pastoral Baringo community of Kenya. A sample size of 110 households was selected using multi-stage sampling procedures and interviewed using a questionnaire. Binary Probit Model and Ordinary Least Squares were used in the analysis. Results indicated that cattle rustling, particularly in its predatory state significantly contributes to spontaneous sale of livestock even under very low prices that in themselves could be described as raiding. The results further indicated that the number of livestock lost through cattle rustling dominated livestock sale and hence reduced herd size and the numbers of livestock available for sale. The insecurity generated by cattle rustling, coupled with the poor marketing infrastructure make market inaccessible by both buyers and sellers, resulting to increased poverty and dependency amongst the pastoralists. Consequently, pastoralism has become a source of misery rather than source of livelihood.","PeriodicalId":13735,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Management and Development","volume":"22 1","pages":"123-137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68519075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, the situation of Iran, U.S and Turkey's Pistachio export is investigated. to this purpose, Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) Index is calculated based on Agricultural and total economy export, separately, then forecasted by using Auto- Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) approached, for 2008-2013. The results show that considering both commodity baskets, Turkey and Iran had comparative advantage in Pistachio export in 1982-2007, but U.S did not. Also, forecasting RCA index, based on both commodity baskets, show the improvement of U.S Pistachio export situation, unlike the values of RCA index forecasting for Iran and Turkey is falling. Therefore, it is recommended that Iran and Turkey attempt to identify new consumer markets in order to retain their market shares in pistachio export. Following the U.S imposed policies during last six years which improved its pistachio export, Iran and Turkey can increase their market shares.
{"title":"FUTURE PROSPECTS OF IRAN, U.S AND TURKEY’S PISTACHIO EXPORTS","authors":"M. Pakravan, M. K. Kalashami","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.143646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.143646","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the situation of Iran, U.S and Turkey's Pistachio export is investigated. to this purpose, Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) Index is calculated based on Agricultural and total economy export, separately, then forecasted by using Auto- Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) approached, for 2008-2013. The results show that considering both commodity baskets, Turkey and Iran had comparative advantage in Pistachio export in 1982-2007, but U.S did not. Also, forecasting RCA index, based on both commodity baskets, show the improvement of U.S Pistachio export situation, unlike the values of RCA index forecasting for Iran and Turkey is falling. Therefore, it is recommended that Iran and Turkey attempt to identify new consumer markets in order to retain their market shares in pistachio export. Following the U.S imposed policies during last six years which improved its pistachio export, Iran and Turkey can increase their market shares.","PeriodicalId":13735,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Management and Development","volume":"46 1","pages":"181-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68513972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Nigerian rice sector has made remarkable improvement in the last decade as production has increased significantly thereby reducing the gap between domestic supply and demand. In the last three decades, rice imports make up greater proportion of Nigerian imports as rice forms a structural component of the Nigerian diet. Past government inconsistent policies were not successful in securing good market share for domestic rice producers, hence producers suffered great losses. The recent resurgence of interest by the present administration to intensify domestic rice production has yielded positive results. The objective of this study is to analyze and assess the costs and benefits of intensification of rice production systems in southeastern Nigeria using a policy analysis matrix approach. Multi Stage sampling technique was employed in selecting 75 upland and 75 lowland rice farmers who were interviewed with structured and validated questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM). The result shows that upland; lowland and double rice cropping systems in southeastern Nigeria are profitable based on the policy analysis matrix (PAM) model, and rice production under various systems and technologies is socially profitable and financially competitive. While there exist comparative advantage in the various production systems, with lowland and double cropping being highest, substantial tax was imposed on rice imports in Nigeria and government investment in intensifying rice production had a positive impact on the output of local rice production. The study concludes with strategies for the development of rice sub sector in Nigeria.
{"title":"Intensification of rice production systems in southeastern Nigeria: a policy analysis matrix approach.","authors":"Albert I. Ugochukwu, C. Ezedinma","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.143498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.143498","url":null,"abstract":"The Nigerian rice sector has made remarkable improvement in the last decade as production has increased significantly thereby reducing the gap between domestic supply and demand. In the last three decades, rice imports make up greater proportion of Nigerian imports as rice forms a structural component of the Nigerian diet. Past government inconsistent policies were not successful in securing good market share for domestic rice producers, hence producers suffered great losses. The recent resurgence of interest by the present administration to intensify domestic rice production has yielded positive results. The objective of this study is to analyze and assess the costs and benefits of intensification of rice production systems in southeastern Nigeria using a policy analysis matrix approach. Multi Stage sampling technique was employed in selecting 75 upland and 75 lowland rice farmers who were interviewed with structured and validated questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM). The result shows that upland; lowland and double rice cropping systems in southeastern Nigeria are profitable based on the policy analysis matrix (PAM) model, and rice production under various systems and technologies is socially profitable and financially competitive. While there exist comparative advantage in the various production systems, with lowland and double cropping being highest, substantial tax was imposed on rice imports in Nigeria and government investment in intensifying rice production had a positive impact on the output of local rice production. The study concludes with strategies for the development of rice sub sector in Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":13735,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Management and Development","volume":"1 1","pages":"89-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68514109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this research was identifying socio-economic characteristics affected on respondents’ participation in contract farming. The survey was conducted using structured questionnaire in populous states namely Kedah, Kelantan, Terengganu, Pahang, Perak, Selangor and Johor in Peninsular Malaysia. A total of one-hundred and sixty seven FFV farmers were randomly selected and personally interviewed. Logit analysis was carried out to identify determinants that influenced fresh fruits and vegetables (FFV) farmers participating in contract farming. The findings in the paper show that, based on the output from logistic regression, ownership, land size, education background, perceived benefit, complicated process, lacking in opportunities and price risk are dominant variables influencing FFV farmers’ willingness to participate in contract farming. Land ownership, land size, education and perceived benefit are dominant variables that positively influenced FFV farmers to participate in contract farming. Complicated process, lack of opportunities and price risk negatively influenced FFV farmers’ participation in contract farming.
{"title":"Determinants of fresh fruits and vegetables (FFV) farmers' participation in contract farming in Peninsular Malaysia.","authors":"N. Arumugam, F. Arshad, F.C.Y. Chiew, Z. Mohamed","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.143495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.143495","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this research was identifying socio-economic characteristics affected on respondents’ participation in contract farming. The survey was conducted using structured questionnaire in populous states namely Kedah, Kelantan, Terengganu, Pahang, Perak, Selangor and Johor in Peninsular Malaysia. A total of one-hundred and sixty seven FFV farmers were randomly selected and personally interviewed. Logit analysis was carried out to identify determinants that influenced fresh fruits and vegetables (FFV) farmers participating in contract farming. The findings in the paper show that, based on the output from logistic regression, ownership, land size, education background, perceived benefit, complicated process, lacking in opportunities and price risk are dominant variables influencing FFV farmers’ willingness to participate in contract farming. Land ownership, land size, education and perceived benefit are dominant variables that positively influenced FFV farmers to participate in contract farming. Complicated process, lack of opportunities and price risk negatively influenced FFV farmers’ participation in contract farming.","PeriodicalId":13735,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Management and Development","volume":"1 1","pages":"65-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68514045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the present study Iran's rice imports trend is forecasted, using artificial neural networks and econometric methods, during 2009 to 2013, and their results are compared. The results showed that feet forward neural network leading with less forecast error and had better performance in comparison to econometric techniques and also, other methods of neural networks, such as Recurrent networks and Multilayer perceptron networks. Moreover, the results showed that the amount of rice import has ascending growth rate in 2009-2013 and maximum growth occurs in 2009-2010 years, which was equal to 25.72 percent. Increasing rice import caused a lot of exchange to exit out of the country and also, irreparable damage in domestic production, both in terms of price and quantity. Considering mentioned conditions, economic policy makers should seek ways to reduce increasing trend of rice import; and more investment and planning for domestic rice producers.
{"title":"Forecasting Iran's rice imports trend during 2009-2013.","authors":"M. Pakravan, M. K. Kelashemi, H. Alipour","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.143492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.143492","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study Iran's rice imports trend is forecasted, using artificial neural networks and econometric methods, during 2009 to 2013, and their results are compared. The results showed that feet forward neural network leading with less forecast error and had better performance in comparison to econometric techniques and also, other methods of neural networks, such as Recurrent networks and Multilayer perceptron networks. Moreover, the results showed that the amount of rice import has ascending growth rate in 2009-2013 and maximum growth occurs in 2009-2010 years, which was equal to 25.72 percent. Increasing rice import caused a lot of exchange to exit out of the country and also, irreparable damage in domestic production, both in terms of price and quantity. Considering mentioned conditions, economic policy makers should seek ways to reduce increasing trend of rice import; and more investment and planning for domestic rice producers.","PeriodicalId":13735,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Management and Development","volume":"1 1","pages":"39-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68513985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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