Heavy metals toxicity caused by industrial waste water and other natural sources has become a threat to environment and ecosystem for the past many decades. Very small concentration of metallic ions present in water increases health problems to living organisms. Although there are various conventional treatment methods such as chemical precipitation, ion exchange, coagulation, flocculation, electrochemical technique, adsorption and co-precipitation are available for removal of heavy metals from aqueous solution. A number of researchers paid their attention towards biosorption which involve highly effective and economical adsorption technique for removal of heavy metals using various inexpensive adsorbents such as agricultural waste material, waste by products of pharmaceutical fermentation, food processing, fruit waste and dead microbial biomass. The use of low cost adsorbents is highly preferable due to reduced cost of waste disposal and thus leads to environmental protection. In this review paper, a compiled scattered available research work related to use of various adsorbents for the removal of commonly occurring heavy metals have been reported
{"title":"A Review on Removal of Heavy Metals from Aqueous Solution using Low Cost Adsorbents","authors":"","doi":"10.46501/ijmtst051233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46501/ijmtst051233","url":null,"abstract":"Heavy metals toxicity caused by industrial waste water and other natural sources has become a threat to\u0000environment and ecosystem for the past many decades. Very small concentration of metallic ions present in\u0000water increases health problems to living organisms. Although there are various conventional treatment\u0000methods such as chemical precipitation, ion exchange, coagulation, flocculation, electrochemical technique,\u0000adsorption and co-precipitation are available for removal of heavy metals from aqueous solution. A number of\u0000researchers paid their attention towards biosorption which involve highly effective and economical\u0000adsorption technique for removal of heavy metals using various inexpensive adsorbents such as agricultural\u0000waste material, waste by products of pharmaceutical fermentation, food processing, fruit waste and dead\u0000microbial biomass. The use of low cost adsorbents is highly preferable due to reduced cost of waste disposal\u0000and thus leads to environmental protection. In this review paper, a compiled scattered available research\u0000work related to use of various adsorbents for the removal of commonly occurring heavy metals have been\u0000reported","PeriodicalId":13741,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology","volume":"107 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79225141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The wireless sensor networks consist of numerous small battery-powered nodes. These networks provide a support to IoT applications related to agriculture, healthcare etc. Increasing the lifetime of the sensor nodes is a major issue. To increase the lifespan of the nodes in WSN, in the proposed protocol, clustering protocol have been presented where the cluster heads are selected according to fitness value of the nodes. The performance was evaluated based on number of dead nodes and throughput of the network. The better values of these parameters indicate the proposed protocol outperformed the existing one.
{"title":"Improved Hybrid Energy Aware Clustered Protocol for IoT Heterogeneous Network for WSN using Fuzzy Logic","authors":"Avinashjethi, Surender Singh and Yadwinder Singh","doi":"10.46501/ijmtst051009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46501/ijmtst051009","url":null,"abstract":"The wireless sensor networks consist of numerous small battery-powered nodes. These networks\u0000provide a support to IoT applications related to agriculture, healthcare etc. Increasing the lifetime of the\u0000sensor nodes is a major issue. To increase the lifespan of the nodes in WSN, in the proposed protocol,\u0000clustering protocol have been presented where the cluster heads are selected according to fitness value of the\u0000nodes. The performance was evaluated based on number of dead nodes and throughput of the network. The\u0000better values of these parameters indicate the proposed protocol outperformed the existing one.","PeriodicalId":13741,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88185731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this study was to develop extruded snack product using optimized formulation of rice flour, corn flour and deoiled rice bran. The properties like lateral expansion (LE), bulk density (BD), water absorption index (WAI), water solubility index (WSI) and hardness of the optimized extruded product were investigated.The storage studies of quality extruded product showed greater changes to moisture content and hardness packed in low density polythene in comparison to aluminium laminated pouches kept under ambient and accelerated conditions. Higher variation in quality parameters was observed at accelerated storage condition. Therefore, it was suggested that aluminium laminated packaging materials can store extruded product for a longer time period than low density polythene packs in both storage conditions.
{"title":"Effects of storage conditions on the different attributes of deoiled rice bran incorporated extruded product","authors":"","doi":"10.46501/ijmtst050413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46501/ijmtst050413","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to develop extruded snack product using optimized formulation of rice flour,\u0000corn flour and deoiled rice bran. The properties like lateral expansion (LE), bulk density (BD), water\u0000absorption index (WAI), water solubility index (WSI) and hardness of the optimized extruded product were\u0000investigated.The storage studies of quality extruded product showed greater changes to moisture content\u0000and hardness packed in low density polythene in comparison to aluminium laminated pouches kept under\u0000ambient and accelerated conditions. Higher variation in quality parameters was observed at accelerated\u0000storage condition. Therefore, it was suggested that aluminium laminated packaging materials can store\u0000extruded product for a longer time period than low density polythene packs in both storage conditions.","PeriodicalId":13741,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89980054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper gives you the overview of the Soft computing techniques i.e. Genetic algorithm (GA), Artificial neural networks (ANN) and some of Swarm Intelligence techniques i.e. Artificial Bee Colony (ABC), Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) etc. Soft Computing is basically an optimization technique which helps to find the results of problems which are very difficult to reply. It is the integration of methodologies which are planned to represent and find the solutions to real world problems that are not represented or which are very hard to represent mathematically. Swarm Intelligence (SI) can be defined as a subfield of Artificial Intelligence which is used to represent the collaborative behavior of communal swarms in nature, such as ant colonies, honey bees, bird flocks, grey wolves, fireflies and cuckoo search. The term swarm is used for the collection of animals such as fish schools, bird flocks and insect colonies which use their sorroundings and services significantly to communicate by mutual intelligence. In this paper, all these algorithms are discussed in brief
{"title":"A Review on Various Soft Computing and Swarm Intelligence Techniques","authors":"Rupinder Kaur, Vikas Kumar Garg and Shikha","doi":"10.46501/ijmtst051237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46501/ijmtst051237","url":null,"abstract":"This paper gives you the overview of the Soft computing techniques i.e. Genetic algorithm (GA), Artificial\u0000neural networks (ANN) and some of Swarm Intelligence techniques i.e. Artificial Bee Colony (ABC), Ant Colony\u0000Optimization (ACO), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) etc. Soft Computing is\u0000basically an optimization technique which helps to find the results of problems which are very difficult to\u0000reply. It is the integration of methodologies which are planned to represent and find the solutions to real\u0000world problems that are not represented or which are very hard to represent mathematically. Swarm\u0000Intelligence (SI) can be defined as a subfield of Artificial Intelligence which is used to represent the\u0000collaborative behavior of communal swarms in nature, such as ant colonies, honey bees, bird flocks, grey\u0000wolves, fireflies and cuckoo search. The term swarm is used for the collection of animals such as fish schools,\u0000bird flocks and insect colonies which use their sorroundings and services significantly to communicate by\u0000mutual intelligence. In this paper, all these algorithms are discussed in brief","PeriodicalId":13741,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76494768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jagjit Singh, Divesh Kumar and Jeba Shalin Bhupend
The relevancy of desegregation the deserves of various soft computing tools for planning economical image process and analysis systems are explained. The practicability of such systems arid alternative ways of integration, up to now created, square measure delineate. Scope for any analysis and development is printed. AN extensive listing is also provided. Soft computing may be a pool of methodologies that work synergetically and provides, in one type or another, versatile information science capabilities for handling real-world ambiguous things. Its aim is to tolerate the imprecision, uncertainty, approximate reasoning and partial truth so as to achieve tractableness, robustness, low-resolution price, and shut likeness with human-like higher cognitive process.
{"title":"Comparison Study and Integration of Soft Computing for Quality Image Processing","authors":"Jagjit Singh, Divesh Kumar and Jeba Shalin Bhupend","doi":"10.46501/ijmtst051188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46501/ijmtst051188","url":null,"abstract":"The relevancy of desegregation the deserves of various soft computing tools for planning economical image\u0000process and analysis systems are explained. The practicability of such systems arid alternative ways of\u0000integration, up to now created, square measure delineate. Scope for any analysis and development is\u0000printed. AN extensive listing is also provided. Soft computing may be a pool of methodologies that work\u0000synergetically and provides, in one type or another, versatile information science capabilities for handling\u0000real-world ambiguous things. Its aim is to tolerate the imprecision, uncertainty, approximate reasoning and\u0000partial truth so as to achieve tractableness, robustness, low-resolution price, and shut likeness with\u0000human-like higher cognitive process.","PeriodicalId":13741,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88801013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In recent times wireless sensor networks have grown extremely and become increasingly striking in big variety of applications due to their low cost, low power, small in size, self-organizing behavior in unsympathetic environments. Routing is a vital technology in WSN. There are many routing protocols like: Location-based Protocols, Data Centric Protocols, Hierarchical Protocols, Mobility-based Protocols, Multipath-based Protocols, Heterogeneity-based Protocols, quality of service (QoS)-based Protocols etc. Clustering is used to protract the lifetime of the wireless sensor networks. It involves grouping of sensor nodes into clusters and electing cluster heads (CHs) for all the clusters. CHs collect the info from respective cluster’s nodes and forward the aggregated data to base station. In this paper we present the study of various clustering based energy efficient routing protocols of wireless sensor networks and compared them on various parameters. like Delivery Delay, Algorithm Complexity, Energy Efficiency, Load Balancing.
{"title":"A Review of Cluster Based Energy Efficient Routing Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks","authors":"Mandeep Kaur, Amreen Kaur and Gagandeep Singh","doi":"10.46501/ijmtst051190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46501/ijmtst051190","url":null,"abstract":"In recent times wireless sensor networks have grown extremely and become increasingly striking in big\u0000variety of applications due to their low cost, low power, small in size, self-organizing behavior in\u0000unsympathetic environments. Routing is a vital technology in WSN. There are many routing protocols like:\u0000Location-based Protocols, Data Centric Protocols, Hierarchical Protocols, Mobility-based Protocols,\u0000Multipath-based Protocols, Heterogeneity-based Protocols, quality of service (QoS)-based Protocols etc.\u0000Clustering is used to protract the lifetime of the wireless sensor networks. It involves grouping of sensor\u0000nodes into clusters and electing cluster heads (CHs) for all the clusters. CHs collect the info from respective\u0000cluster’s nodes and forward the aggregated data to base station. In this paper we present the study of\u0000various clustering based energy efficient routing protocols of wireless sensor networks and compared them\u0000on various parameters. like Delivery Delay, Algorithm Complexity, Energy Efficiency, Load Balancing.","PeriodicalId":13741,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77105668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wireless Sensor Networks are generally consists of various static or mobile sensor nodes that create a self-organized system in a multi-hop manner. Wireless Sensor Networks are considered as the main component to analyze the surroundings so as to utilize the sensor data for further processing such as weather prediction, health related predictions of a patient, traffic control and so forth. In these conditions, the network’s sensor nodes are estimated to perform individually in the field for a long time, as it is not possible to recharge or replace the battery of the sensor nodes. Therefore, the depletion of a single sensor node may affect the processing of the entire network. Due to early energy depletion of the nodes, the concept of Cluster Head (CH) selection have included.This concept has a major impact on energy utilization of the network. Several clustering protocols, and optimization techniques are used formaintaining the energy efficiency in wireless sensor network and few of them are discussed in this work. This paper offers an overviewof the work that has been done by many authors.
{"title":"A Review: Trending Clustering Protocols In WSN With Analyzing Their Complexity And Disadvantages","authors":"Kamalpreet Kaur, Naveen Goyal and Deepinder Singh ","doi":"10.46501/ijmtst050237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46501/ijmtst050237","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless Sensor Networks are generally consists of various static or mobile sensor nodes that create a\u0000self-organized system in a multi-hop manner. Wireless Sensor Networks are considered as the main\u0000component to analyze the surroundings so as to utilize the sensor data for further processing such as\u0000weather prediction, health related predictions of a patient, traffic control and so forth. In these conditions, the\u0000network’s sensor nodes are estimated to perform individually in the field for a long time, as it is not possible\u0000to recharge or replace the battery of the sensor nodes. Therefore, the depletion of a single sensor node may\u0000affect the processing of the entire network. Due to early energy depletion of the nodes, the concept of Cluster\u0000Head (CH) selection have included.This concept has a major impact on energy utilization of the network.\u0000Several clustering protocols, and optimization techniques are used formaintaining the energy efficiency in\u0000wireless sensor network and few of them are discussed in this work. This paper offers an overviewof the\u0000work that has been done by many authors.","PeriodicalId":13741,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology","volume":"140 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75695425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The wireless sensor networks is the decentralized type of network in which sensor devices sense information and pass it to base station. Due to dynamic topology of the network security, data aggregation and energy consumption are the major issue which affects network performance. In the past years many techniques are designed to improve lifetime of lifetime of sensor networks. In this review paper, energy efficient techniques of wireless sensor networks are reviewed in terms of certain parameters
{"title":"Analysis of Energy Efficient Techniques of WSN","authors":"Avinash Jethi, Preeti Sharma and Rakesh Kuma","doi":"10.46501/ijmtst050239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46501/ijmtst050239","url":null,"abstract":"The wireless sensor networks is the decentralized type of network in which sensor devices sense information\u0000and pass it to base station. Due to dynamic topology of the network security, data aggregation and energy\u0000consumption are the major issue which affects network performance. In the past years many techniques are\u0000designed to improve lifetime of lifetime of sensor networks. In this review paper, energy efficient techniques of\u0000wireless sensor networks are reviewed in terms of certain parameters","PeriodicalId":13741,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology","volume":"247 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75913192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cloud computing is the method for figuring, by means of the web that shares PC assets as opposed to utilizing programming or capacity on a nearby PC. It stores the information and assets in the open condition. So now daily's measure of information stockpiling increment rapidly. load Balancing is the primary issues in Cloud which is required to disseminate the dynamic remaining task at hand over numerous hubs to guarantee that no single hub is overpowered. load Balancing gives appropriate use of assets and upgrading the execution of the framework. The few existing calculations that can give load adjusting and furthermore give better systems through productive employment booking and asset planning methods also. So as to pick up boost the benefit and adjusting calculations, it is important to use assets effectively. This paper talks about a portion of the current load adjusting calculations in distributed computing.
{"title":"A review on load balancing algorithms in cloud computing","authors":"Amanpreet Kaur, Amreen Kaur and Anupam Garg","doi":"10.46501/ijmtst050328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46501/ijmtst050328","url":null,"abstract":"Cloud computing is the method for figuring, by means of the web that shares PC assets as opposed to\u0000utilizing programming or capacity on a nearby PC. It stores the information and assets in the open condition.\u0000So now daily's measure of information stockpiling increment rapidly. load Balancing is the primary issues in\u0000Cloud which is required to disseminate the dynamic remaining task at hand over numerous hubs to\u0000guarantee that no single hub is overpowered. load Balancing gives appropriate use of assets and upgrading\u0000the execution of the framework. The few existing calculations that can give load adjusting and furthermore\u0000give better systems through productive employment booking and asset planning methods also. So as to pick\u0000up boost the benefit and adjusting calculations, it is important to use assets effectively. This paper talks\u0000about a portion of the current load adjusting calculations in distributed computing.","PeriodicalId":13741,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80642017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The fuzzy logic controllers are estimated as an appropriate controller because it is minimally complex method and did not involve any of the mathematical models. The major concern of this study is to control the fluctuations in speed of the induction motor through improving the conventional mechanism by utilizing the ANFIS paradigm as controller. Therefore a new mechanism is to be projected that will execute ANFIS. Because of the merits like Adaptive learning, Self-Organization, Real Time Operation, Fault Tolerance through Redundant Information Coding etc. The ANFIS algorithm is utilized as a speed control in the proposed work. It is expected that the hybridization of ANFIS and PID controller can be useful in order to achieve the stability. An optimization technique is also utilized in this study. The values of PID controller can be adjusted by an optimization technique that can be a PSO (Partial Swarm optimization) technique which is required to optimize the values of PID controller in order to choose the best values of P, I and D. In this way, the best output results of the proposed work can be attained.
{"title":"An Improved Hybrid Fuzzy-PID Tunning With Particle Sawrm Optimization For Enhancing Induction Motor Performance","authors":"Parmjit Singh, Prince Jindal and Simerpreet Singh","doi":"10.46501/ijmtst051234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46501/ijmtst051234","url":null,"abstract":"The fuzzy logic controllers are estimated as an appropriate controller because it is minimally complex method\u0000and did not involve any of the mathematical models. The major concern of this study is to control the\u0000fluctuations in speed of the induction motor through improving the conventional mechanism by utilizing the\u0000ANFIS paradigm as controller. Therefore a new mechanism is to be projected that will execute ANFIS.\u0000Because of the merits like Adaptive learning, Self-Organization, Real Time Operation, Fault Tolerance through\u0000Redundant Information Coding etc. The ANFIS algorithm is utilized as a speed control in the proposed work.\u0000It is expected that the hybridization of ANFIS and PID controller can be useful in order to achieve the stability.\u0000An optimization technique is also utilized in this study. The values of PID controller can be adjusted by an\u0000optimization technique that can be a PSO (Partial Swarm optimization) technique which is required to optimize\u0000the values of PID controller in order to choose the best values of P, I and D. In this way, the best output results\u0000of the proposed work can be attained.","PeriodicalId":13741,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73268472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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