Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Implementing artificial intelligence in breast cancer screening: Women’s preferences","authors":"Alison Pearce BAppSci(OT), MPH, PhD,&nbsp;Stacy Carter BAppSci, MPH(Hons), PhD,&nbsp;Helen ML Frazer MBBS, RANZCR, M Epi Biostat, GAICD,&nbsp;Nehmat Houssami MBBS (Hons), MPH, M Ed, FAFPHM, FASBP, PhD,&nbsp;Mary Macheras-Magias,&nbsp;Genevieve Webb,&nbsp;M. Luke Marinovich BA(Hons), MPH, PhD","doi":"10.1002/cncr.35859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.35859","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Artificial intelligence (AI) could improve accuracy and efficiency of breast cancer screening. However, many women distrust AI in health care, potentially jeopardizing breast cancer screening participation rates. The aim was to quantify community preferences for models of AI implementation within breast cancer screening.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An online discrete choice experiment survey of people eligible for breast cancer screening aged 40 to 74 years in Australia. Respondents answered 10 questions where they chose between two screening options created by an experimental design. Each screening option described the role of AI (supplementing current practice, replacing one radiologist, replacing both radiologists, or triaging), and the AI accuracy, ownership, representativeness, privacy, and waiting time. Analysis included conditional and latent class models, willingness-to-pay, and predicted screening uptake.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The 802 participants preferred screening where AI was more accurate, Australian owned, more representative and had shorter waiting time for results (all <i>p</i> &lt; .001). There were strong preferences (<i>p</i> &lt; .001) against AI alone or as triage. Three patterns of preferences emerged: positive about AI if accuracy improves (40% of sample), strongly against AI (42%), and concerned about AI (18%). Participants were willing to accept AI replacing one human reader if their results were available 10 days faster than current practice but would need results 21 days faster for AI as triage. Implementing AI inconsistent with community preferences could reduce participation by up to 22%.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"131 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cncr.35859","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143861609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Annual Report to the Nation on the Status of Cancer, featuring state-level statistics after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Recinda L. Sherman MPH, PhD, ODS-C,&nbsp;Albert U. Firth BS,&nbsp;S. Jane Henley MSPH,&nbsp;Rebecca L. Siegel MPH,&nbsp;Serban Negoita MD, DrPH,&nbsp;Hyuna Sung PhD,&nbsp;Betsy A. Kohler MPH,&nbsp;Robert N. Anderson PhD,&nbsp;James Cucinelli BA,&nbsp;Susan Scott MPH,&nbsp;Vicki B. Benard PhD,&nbsp;Lisa C. Richardson MD, MPH,&nbsp;Ahmedin Jemal DVM, PhD,&nbsp;Kathleen A. Cronin PhD, MPH","doi":"10.1002/cncr.35833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.35833","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This report represents a collaborative effort by the major cancer surveillance organizations to present the definitive US statistics for cancer incidence and mortality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cancer incidence data were obtained from population-based cancer registries funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Cancer Institute and compiled by the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries. Cancer death data were obtained from the National Center for Health Statistics' National Vital Statistics System. Statistics are reported by cancer type, sex, race and ethnicity, and age. The potential impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on incidence was assessed by using state-level changes compared with previous years, the stringency of COVID-19 policy restrictions, the magnitude of COVID-19 death rates, and changes in the use of mammography.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall cancer incidence rates per 100,000 were 500 among males and 437 among females. Excluding 2020, cancer incidence rates remained stable (2013–2021) among males and increased 0.3% per year on average (2003–2021) among females. The overall cancer death rate per 100,000 was 173 among males and 126 among females. Cancer death rates decreased by 1.5% per year (2018–2022), slowing from a previous 2.1% decline. Cancer incidence in 2020 declined from prepandemic levels for all demographic groups examined. However, the magnitude of decline was not strongly associated with the study's proxies for health care capacity, health care access, or COVID-19 policies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall cancer mortality declined over 20 years, even during the COVID-19 pandemic. Disruptions in health care use early in the pandemic resulted in incidence declines in 2020, but 2021 incidence returned to prepandemic levels.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"131 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cncr.35833","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143853048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender equity gap persists, addressing the root cause through the lens of gynecologic oncology: An evidenced-based review","authors":"Jasmine Ebott MD,&nbsp;Kelsea R. Grant MD,&nbsp;John Farley MD,&nbsp;Marina Stasenko MD,&nbsp;Eloise Chapman-Davis MD,&nbsp;Jeffrey F. Hines MD","doi":"10.1002/cncr.35843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.35843","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Many studies have addressed the inequities of gender within medicine. And although more attention has been brought to this topic in the past couple of decades, studies demonstrate that there is an equity gap in the workplace, in the research sphere, and in pay compensation. Internet searches prove that leadership in academic spaces as well as private practice both remain predominantly male. As an example, the field of gynecologic oncology is a field that specifically addresses and serves the health needs of patients who identify as women. However, although the specialty should be at the forefront of the effort to address gender inequities, it still has considerable progress to make in this area. This article seeks to describe the literature regarding gender disparities in medicine, and what gender equity can look like while laying out strategies to address the inequities that persist – using gynecologic oncology as an example.</p>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"131 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143849159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consensus recommendations regarding local and metastasis-directed therapies in the management of relapsed/recurrent Ewing sarcoma","authors":"Chirag Shah MD,&nbsp;Shauna R. Campbell DO,&nbsp;Erin Murphy MD,&nbsp;Steve Braunstein MD, PhD,&nbsp;Matthew S. Dietz DO,&nbsp;Odion Binitie MD,&nbsp;Zachary J. Kastenberg MD,&nbsp;Jane Yanagawa MD,&nbsp;Jennifer Halpern MD,&nbsp;Bela Kis MD, PhD,&nbsp;Stephen Hunt MD,&nbsp;Fereshteh Yazdanpanah MD,&nbsp;Ajay Gupta MD,&nbsp;Matteo Trucco MD","doi":"10.1002/cncr.35858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.35858","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Limited randomized or prospective data are available to guide local/metastasis directed therapy (LMDT) in relapsed/recurrent Ewing sarcoma (RR-ES), resulting in uncertainty regarding best clinical practice for these patients. This report reviews the available literature on LMDT approaches and provides consensus recommendations regarding therapeutic decision making, timing, and indications for the use of LMDT in the management of RR-ES. LMDT should be considered on a case-by-case basis to assess appropriateness, optimal timing/modality, palliative versus curative intent, and its role in relation to chemotherapy. One commonly used LMDT is radiotherapy (RT), which can be delivered through standard, hypofractionated, or stereotactic techniques based on factors including prior RT, tumor size, and/or location. Chemotherapy can be combined with RT, although prospective data are limited in the relapse setting. Surgery for LMDT not only addresses the tumor but also provides tissue for analysis, though the potential surgical morbidity based on location, extent of resection, and recovery complications should be considered. Interventional radiology approaches also can procure tumor tissue while delivering LMDT; there are several different procedures available based on the location, size, and extent of disease. Finally, a combination of LMDT approaches can be used for patients with RR-ES. Decisions regarding the management of RR-ES should involve a multidisciplinary team and factor in the burden of disease, progression-free interval, life expectancy, toxicity profiles of LMDT, and quality of life. In such patients, informed and shared decision making with patients and their families is paramount.</p>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"131 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cncr.35858","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143849239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First person profile: Ruth M. O’Regan, MD","authors":"Mary Beth Nierengarten","doi":"10.1002/cncr.35809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.35809","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;From her start as a young medical intern and resident working in a small research laboratory in Ireland to her current role as chair of medicine and the Charles A. Dewey professor at the University of Rochester (Rochester, New York), Dr Ruth M. O’Regan has traversed a lot of ground and contributed to critical research on the mechanisms behind tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). She also has served as a clinician caring for some of the most difficult to treat patients with cancer and as a leader in multiple administrative roles.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In her current role as chair, she oversees 500 faculty members while also serving as the interim associate director of clinical research and associate director of education and mentoring at the Wilmot Cancer Institute at the University of Rochester. In all these capacities, she is focused on fostering an environment that offers faculty time to get involved in research and other academic projects. She thinks a lot about grants and how to promote female oncologists. She is a big proponent of a healthy work–life balance and encourages faculty to work from home when they are able.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Several previous positions helped to hone her leadership abilities. Before her current position, she served as the division chief of hematology, medical oncology, and palliative care in the Department of Medicine and as deputy director at the Carbone Cancer Center at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health. During this time, she also helped to guide the research and scientific mission of the Big Ten Cancer Research Consortium as the chief scientific officer to the consortium and as the vice chair of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network’s board of directors. Her first recruitment into a leadership role was as director of the Glenn Family Breast Cancer Program at the Winship Cancer Institute and as the vice chair of education and director of the Hematology Oncology Fellowship Program in the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology at Emory University.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;While serving in these roles, Dr O’Regan prioritized getting things done through collaboration, fostering cooperation instead of competition, and focusing on what is best for patients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sheryl Gabram-Mendola, MD, a professor of oncology at the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University, has known Dr O’Regan since 2005. Each was the director of a breast center (two different ones) at the Emory University School of Medicine. She marveled at a “strategy” that Dr O’Regan developed to bring together oncologists throughout the Atlanta region to discuss patient case scenarios and update one another about clinical trials open at their respective institutions. “I thought why would you reach out and gather the competition together?” she says.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;However, it worked. “It was about advocating for patients, and in the end, it was the right thing to do from a patient’s perspective. This cadr","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"131 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cncr.35809","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143835876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world treatment patterns and outcomes with oral azacitidine maintenance therapy in patients with acute myeloid leukemia","authors":"Brian Leber MD,&nbsp;Marcia T. Ruiz PhD,&nbsp;Hany Elgendy MD,&nbsp;Filippa Pettersson PhD,&nbsp;Thomas Prebet MD, PhD,&nbsp;Carlos E. Vigil MD,&nbsp;Rohan C. Parikh PhD,&nbsp;Siddhi Korgaonkar PhD,&nbsp;Fareedat Bello MS,&nbsp;Keith L. Davis MA,&nbsp;Lona Gaugler MS,&nbsp;Maria Strocchia PharmD, PhD,&nbsp;Jan Sieluk PharmD, PhD,&nbsp;Yeran Li PhD,&nbsp;Andre C. Schuh MD","doi":"10.1002/cncr.35845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.35845","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study describes baseline and clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, survival, and safety outcomes of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who received oral azacitidine (oral-AZA) maintenance therapy in Canada following its approval in 2021.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective, observational medical record review was conducted of patients with AML in remission after induction therapy and who initiated treatment with oral-AZA between March 2021 and July 2023 in Canada. Real-world relapse-free survival and overall survival outcomes were estimated using Kaplan–Meier methodology.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data from 119 patients were analyzed. The median age at oral-AZA initiation was 62.5 years. Most patients had favorable (39.5%) or intermediate (39.5%) genetic risk per the 2017/2022 European LeukemiaNet classification. Nearly all patients (99.2%) received cytarabine-based induction regimens. A total of 55.5% of patients received consolidation therapy, with a median of two cycles. After a median follow-up of 9.4 months, 68.1% of all patients were still receiving oral-AZA at last follow-up. After oral-AZA treatment, 21.0% of patients relapsed. Rates of real-world relapse-free survival and overall survival at 12 months from oral-AZA initiation were 66.9% and 74.5%, respectively. During oral-AZA treatment, 67.2% of patients experienced ≥1 adverse event. Concomitant antiemetic treatment was received by 78.2% of patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings provide real-world evidence further supporting the use of oral-AZA as a standard-of-care maintenance therapy in current routine clinical practice for patients with AML in remission who do not receive hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. These results may inform a broader clinical audience because of the inclusion of patients with diverse demographic and clinical characteristics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"131 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143836233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Too much, too little, or just right: Exercise triage pathways for patients with cancer","authors":"Chao Cao PhD, MPH,&nbsp;Jennifer A. Ligibel MD","doi":"10.1002/cncr.35851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.35851","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"131 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143836234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Standard of care for children with newly diagnosed B-cell ALL","authors":"Mary Beth Nierengarten","doi":"10.1002/cncr.35810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.35810","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Adding two cycles of the immunotherapy blinatumomab to chemotherapy for children with newly diagnosed standard-risk B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) improved outcomes significantly beyond any recent chemotherapy intervention according to the results of the AALL1731 trial presented at the 66th American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting and Exposition and published in &lt;i&gt;The New England Journal of Medicine&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;,&lt;/sup&gt;\u0000 &lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;At a median follow-up of 2.5 years, patients treated with blinatumomab and chemotherapy had an estimated 3-year disease-free survival (DFS) rate of 96.0% versus 87.9% for those treated with chemotherapy alone.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Among patients with an average relapse risk, the estimated 3-year DFS rate was 97.5% and 90.2% for those treated with blinatumomab plus chemotherapy and those treated with chemotherapy alone, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This is the first study to add blinatumomab to chemotherapy for patients who are newly diagnosed with National Cancer Institute (NCI) standard-risk B-cell ALL. Prior studies in both adults and children have shown the benefit of adding blinatumomab to chemotherapy for relapsed B-cell ALL.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The results are practice changing according to Elias Jabbour, MD, a professor of medicine in the Department of Leukemia at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, who is not affiliated with the trial.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;“Early integration of blinatumomab improves overall outcomes and may spare the need for intensive approaches in patients,” he says.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The AALL1731 trial, an international, phase 3, randomized controlled trial by the Children’s Oncology Group, included 1440 patients with standard-risk B-cell ALL with an average or higher risk of relapse who were randomized to chemotherapy alone (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 722) or blinatumomab and chemotherapy (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 718). Patients with NCI standard-risk disease were defined as those who were 1 year old or older and younger than 10 years at diagnosis and who presented with a white cell count of less than 50,000/µL.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The results are from the first interim efficacy analysis. Because of the significantly improved DFS, randomization of the trial was terminated early after the data and safety monitoring committee reviewed the results.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;“The new standard, when possible, is to add two cycles of blinatumomab to the backbone of Children’s Oncology Group tested traditional therapies for patients with standard risk ALL with either an average or higher risk of relapse,” says the senior author of the study, Mignon Loh, MD, head of the Division of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, Bone Marrow Transplant, and Cellular Therapy at Seattle Children’s Hospital.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dr Loh says that the investigators intend to test the addition of blinatumomab in patients with high-risk ALL (older patients or those who present with higher white blood cell counts). “I feel that it is highly likely, based on available published ","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"131 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cncr.35810","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143836230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contemporary neighborhood redlining and racial mortgage lending bias and disparities in prostate cancer survival","authors":"Wayne R. Lawrence DrPH,&nbsp;Neal D. Freedman PhD,&nbsp;Jennifer K. McGee-Avila PhD,&nbsp;Hyokyoung G. Hong PhD,&nbsp;Scarlett L. Gomez PhD,&nbsp;Andrew P. Loehrer MD,&nbsp;Kirsten M. M. Beyer PhD,&nbsp;Yuhong Zhou PhD,&nbsp;Jared W. Magnani MD,&nbsp;Harold W. Neighbors PhD,&nbsp;Jarrett A. Johnson DrPH,&nbsp;Ziqiang Lin PhD,&nbsp;Amy J. Davidoff PhD,&nbsp;Adana A. M. Llanos PhD,&nbsp;Meredith S. Shiels PhD","doi":"10.1002/cncr.35850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.35850","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mortgage lending bias is a critical driver of residential segregation, and may contribute to disparities in cancer survival. This study investigated the association between contemporary redlining and racial lending bias and prostate cancer survival.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cohort study used a Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results–Medicare database that included 34,163 Black and White men diagnosed with prostate cancer between 2010 and 2013. Home Mortgage Disclosure Act data were used to calculate the census-tract redlining index (the systematic denial of mortgages based on property location) and racial lending bias index (the systematic denial of a mortgage application for a Black applicant compared with a White applicant in the local area). Both indices were assessed continuously and categorically (low, moderate, or high). Multivariable-adjusted Cox models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for prostate cancer–specific and all-cause mortality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, as the redlining index increased, men experienced poorer prostate cancer survival. Compared to men residing in low-redlined neighborhoods, those in high-redlined neighborhoods had an increased risk of prostate cancer–specific mortality (HR, 1.21; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03–1.42) and all-cause mortality (HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.17–1.34). Similar results were observed for redlining in a race-stratified analysis among Black and White men. Among White men, compared with those residing in low racial lending bias neighborhoods, those in high racial lending bias neighborhoods had an increased all-cause mortality risk (HR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.03–1.21).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Contemporary redlining was associated with poorer prostate cancer survival in the overall population. However, an association between racial lending bias and elevated mortality was only observed among White men. Findings suggest that mortgage lending discrimination may contribute to disparities in prostate cancer survival.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"131 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143836231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High response rates with novel CAR T-cell therapy for adults with advanced B-cell ALL","authors":"Mary Beth Nierengarten","doi":"10.1002/cncr.35811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.35811","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The US Food and Drug Administration recently approved obecabtagene autoleucel (obe-cel) for the treatment of adult patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Approval was based on the FELIX trial, a phase 1b/2, multicenter study including 153 adults with relapsed or refractory B-cell acute ALL that examined the safety and efficacy of the novel chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy in this setting. The study results were presented at the 66th American Society of Hematology (ASH) Meeting and Exposition and published in &lt;i&gt;The New England Journal of Medicine&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2, 3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; The study builds on prior phase 1 data showing high efficacy and low numbers of immune-related toxic effects with obe-cel in both children/young adults and adults.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Of the 153 patients, 127 (83.0%) received at least one infusion of obe-cel and were evaluable. These patients were divided into two cohorts: cohort 2A (94 patients), which presented with morphologic disease, and cohort 2B, which presented with measurable residual disease. The main outcome of the study was overall remission in cohort 2A.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Patients in cohort 2A achieved a high overall response rate of 76.6%, with a complete remission achieved by 55.3% of the patients. Patients also achieved high rates of durability, with a 12-month event-free survival rate of 49.5% in all patients at the end of the trial.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;“This data is practice changing,” says the lead author of the study, Claire Roddie, MD, PhD, an associate professor of hematology and oncology at the University College London.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;An important finding of the study was the low incidence of immune-related toxicity. Grade 3 or higher cytokine release syndrome and immune effector cell–associated neurotoxicity syndrome were observed in only 2.4% and 7.1% of infused patients, respectively. Toxicities were seen primarily in patients with a high bone marrow burden (&gt;75% blasts).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;“One thing that makes this CAR T product different is the safety profile, which means that even older patients and those with multiple comorbidities can receive treatment with obe-cel, even those with higher burden disease before treatment,” says Dr Roddie.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Further results suggest that patients with a low-to-intermediate bone marrow burden may be optimal candidates for CAR T-cell efficacy and toxicity. When the researchers looked at the entire study population, better event-free survival was seen in patients with a low (&lt;5% blasts) or intermediate bone marrow burden (5%–75% blasts) before lymphodepletion. These patients also had better event-free survival than those with a high bone marrow burden (&gt;75% blasts).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Elias Jabbour, MD, a professor of medicine in the Department of Leukemia at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and senior author of the study, who presented the results at the ASH meeting, said in a press release that, until now, these pati","PeriodicalId":138,"journal":{"name":"Cancer","volume":"131 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cncr.35811","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143836232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}