Pub Date : 2021-05-25DOI: 10.24843/IJBB.2021.V08.I02.P06
W. D. Widarmi, S. Kikuchi, H. Sassa, T. Koba
Cytological studies using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique provides phylogenetical information in closely related taxa and have been widely applied for karyotyping and studying chromosomal organization and evolution in plant species. In the present study, FISH using a microsatellite sequence of (AAG)7 as the probe was performed in order to discriminate the chromosomes in four Lactuca species, i.e., L. sativa, L. serriola, L. saligna, and L. virosa. The experiment was carried out in April to September 2018 at Laboratory of Genetic and Plant Breeding of Breeding of Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, Japan. Different distribution patterns of (AAG)n signals were shown on the chromosomes in the four Lactuca species studied, In L. sativa and L. serriola, FISH with (AAG)7 sequences revealed dispersed distribution patterns with one pair of bright signals, respectively. While in L. saligna and L. virosa, distinct signals with different intensities were observed in two pairs of chromosomes of L. saligna and five pairs of chromosomes of L. virosa. In conclusion, the AAG repeat signals could be used as cytogenetic landmarks for chromosome identification in Lactuca species.
{"title":"CYTOLOGICAL VARIATION OF (AAG)7 REPEAT ON LETTUCE CHROMOSOMES BY FLUORESCENCE IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION (FISH)","authors":"W. D. Widarmi, S. Kikuchi, H. Sassa, T. Koba","doi":"10.24843/IJBB.2021.V08.I02.P06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/IJBB.2021.V08.I02.P06","url":null,"abstract":"Cytological studies using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique provides phylogenetical information in closely related taxa and have been widely applied for karyotyping and studying chromosomal organization and evolution in plant species. In the present study, FISH using a microsatellite sequence of (AAG)7 as the probe was performed in order to discriminate the chromosomes in four Lactuca species, i.e., L. sativa, L. serriola, L. saligna, and L. virosa. The experiment was carried out in April to September 2018 at Laboratory of Genetic and Plant Breeding of Breeding of Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, Japan. Different distribution patterns of (AAG)n signals were shown on the chromosomes in the four Lactuca species studied, In L. sativa and L. serriola, FISH with (AAG)7 sequences revealed dispersed distribution patterns with one pair of bright signals, respectively. While in L. saligna and L. virosa, distinct signals with different intensities were observed in two pairs of chromosomes of L. saligna and five pairs of chromosomes of L. virosa. In conclusion, the AAG repeat signals could be used as cytogenetic landmarks for chromosome identification in Lactuca species.","PeriodicalId":13910,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology","volume":"26 102 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83249511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-16DOI: 10.24843/ijbb.2020.v07.i02.p03
N. Herawati, A. Aisah, B. N. Hidayah
Soybean is one of the most important food crops in Indonesia after rice and corn, due to its protein content reaches 40%. Rainfed lowland can be used as expansion planting area in hopes of obtaining high productivity with efficient inputs. In order to increase yield, it is necessary to apply the Bio-Detas input package that priorities the use of adaptive improved varieties, organic fertilizers and biological pesticides. This research aim to investigate the response of four Indonesian improved soybean varieties based on the application of Bio-Detas input package in rainfed lowland. The experiment was conducted from March to July 2018 in Pengembur Village, Central Lombok Regency of West Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. The experiment was conducted using a non-factorial randomized block design with varieties as treatments, namely Argomulyo, Burangrang, Dega-1, and Dena-1. Each treatment was repeated three times therefore there were 12 experimental plots in total. Parameters observed during the vegetative and generative phases including plant height, number of branches, number of leaves, number of nodus, number of flowers and number of pods. Data were collected from five plants for each replication. Results showed that varieties had a significant influence on the number of leaves, number of nodus and number of flowers during the vegetative phase. While during the generative phase there were a significant effect of varieties on plant height, number of leaves and number of nodus. Due to dry season occurred earlier in April, yield on Bio-Detas input package was reached 578 kg/ha compared to farmer’s existing technology was 393 kg/ha.
{"title":"GROWTH AND YIELD OF FOUR INDONESIAN IMPROVED SOYBEAN VARIETIES BASED ON BIO-DETAS INPUT PACKAGE IN RAINFED LOWLAND OF CENTRAL LOMBOK","authors":"N. Herawati, A. Aisah, B. N. Hidayah","doi":"10.24843/ijbb.2020.v07.i02.p03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/ijbb.2020.v07.i02.p03","url":null,"abstract":"Soybean is one of the most important food crops in Indonesia after rice and corn, due to its protein content reaches 40%. Rainfed lowland can be used as expansion planting area in hopes of obtaining high productivity with efficient inputs. In order to increase yield, it is necessary to apply the Bio-Detas input package that priorities the use of adaptive improved varieties, organic fertilizers and biological pesticides. This research aim to investigate the response of four Indonesian improved soybean varieties based on the application of Bio-Detas input package in rainfed lowland. The experiment was conducted from March to July 2018 in Pengembur Village, Central Lombok Regency of West Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. The experiment was conducted using a non-factorial randomized block design with varieties as treatments, namely Argomulyo, Burangrang, Dega-1, and Dena-1. Each treatment was repeated three times therefore there were 12 experimental plots in total. Parameters observed during the vegetative and generative phases including plant height, number of branches, number of leaves, number of nodus, number of flowers and number of pods. Data were collected from five plants for each replication. Results showed that varieties had a significant influence on the number of leaves, number of nodus and number of flowers during the vegetative phase. While during the generative phase there were a significant effect of varieties on plant height, number of leaves and number of nodus. Due to dry season occurred earlier in April, yield on Bio-Detas input package was reached 578 kg/ha compared to farmer’s existing technology was 393 kg/ha.","PeriodicalId":13910,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79185363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-16DOI: 10.24843/ijbb.2019.v06.i02.p03
Ni Nengah Soniari, I. W. D. Atmaja
Conventional farming systems have a negative impact on the life of Azotobacter. Through the results of this study, we want to provide information on the existence of Azotobacter in several rhizosphere of cultivated plants, and looking for isolates that have advantages as biofertilizers and decomposers. This research is an exploration of bacteria Azotobacter spp. from several plant rhizosphere namely: organic and inorganic rice paddy, cassava, coconut, and chocolate. Three samples was taken from each type of land use, so that the number of isolate sources were 15 samples. All analyzes were conducted at Soil Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture Udayana University. This study aims to find isolates of Azotobacter spp. which is superior to be utilized as biofertilizer and decomposer. Parameters used to support isolation and identification results are total population of bacteria Azotobacter spp., soil respiration, gram staining, halo zone and optical density. The results showed that organic rice rhizosphere was the best isolate source compared with inorganic rice rhizosphere, coconut, cassava and chocolate. Isolate from this organic rice rhizosphere has the highest total population (40.10 cfu x107g-1 soil), on positive catalase test yield bubbles and optical density (average 1.217ABS at 550 nm wavelength). While the superior isolates of Azotobacter spp. As biofertilizer and decomposer candidates are TSO2 isolates (samples from organic rice plant rhizosphere) with soil respiration rate (8.057mgC-CO2 kg-1 soil/day), high optical density (1.147 ABS on spectrophotometer with 550 nm wavelength) and highest halo zone diameter (10 mm).
{"title":"ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF AZOTOBACTER OF SOME TYPE OF LAND USE IN JEGU VILLAGES","authors":"Ni Nengah Soniari, I. W. D. Atmaja","doi":"10.24843/ijbb.2019.v06.i02.p03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/ijbb.2019.v06.i02.p03","url":null,"abstract":"Conventional farming systems have a negative impact on the life of Azotobacter. Through the results of this study, we want to provide information on the existence of Azotobacter in several rhizosphere of cultivated plants, and looking for isolates that have advantages as biofertilizers and decomposers. This research is an exploration of bacteria Azotobacter spp. from several plant rhizosphere namely: organic and inorganic rice paddy, cassava, coconut, and chocolate. Three samples was taken from each type of land use, so that the number of isolate sources were 15 samples. All analyzes were conducted at Soil Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture Udayana University. This study aims to find isolates of Azotobacter spp. which is superior to be utilized as biofertilizer and decomposer. Parameters used to support isolation and identification results are total population of bacteria Azotobacter spp., soil respiration, gram staining, halo zone and optical density. The results showed that organic rice rhizosphere was the best isolate source compared with inorganic rice rhizosphere, coconut, cassava and chocolate. Isolate from this organic rice rhizosphere has the highest total population (40.10 cfu x107g-1 soil), on positive catalase test yield bubbles and optical density (average 1.217ABS at 550 nm wavelength). While the superior isolates of Azotobacter spp. As biofertilizer and decomposer candidates are TSO2 isolates (samples from organic rice plant rhizosphere) with soil respiration rate (8.057mgC-CO2 kg-1 soil/day), high optical density (1.147 ABS on spectrophotometer with 550 nm wavelength) and highest halo zone diameter (10 mm).","PeriodicalId":13910,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87449439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-16DOI: 10.24843/ijbb.2019.v06.i02.p05
Wiyanti Wiyanti, Ni Nengah Soniari, I. Dibia
The study on The Role of Organic Matter on Improvement of The Properties of Kusamba Beach Sand Soil, Dawan Sub-District, Klungkung Regency, Bali For Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Tunb) Cultivation was conducted in the green house of Agriculture Faculty, Udayana University, Bali. The aim of this study was to determine the role of organic matter in the soil properties of beach sand (Entisol type) to increase crop productivity of watermelon. The research used pot experiment with completely randomized design (CRD) method. The treatments used was organic fertilizer of waste cattle with base fertilizer (N, P, K). The dosage of organic fertilizer were: P0 (20% of the weight of soil); P1 (40%); P2 (60%), and P3 (80%). Each treatment was repeated three times, so in total were 12 pots treatment. Organic matter can decrease bulk density, soil permeability, and increase the total porosity of the soil. It was also able to increase total nitrogen, availability P in soil, dry weight of crop and the weight of the fruit at harvest. The highest bulk density was at P0 and the lowest was at P3 or decreased by 23.17%. The soil porosity increased by 7.98%, while the soil permeability decreased by 26.29%. The highest of total Nitrogen and P availability at treatment P3 which increased by 100% and 135.33% repectively when compared with P0. The dry weight of crop and weight of fruit at harvest increased of 48.81% and 97.70% when compared with treatment of P0.
{"title":"THE ROLE OF ORGANIC MATTER ON IMPROVEMENT OF THE PROPERTIES OF KUSAMBA BEACH SAND SOIL, DAWAN SUB-DISTRICT, KLUNGKUNG REGENCY, BALI FOR WATERMELON (Citrullus lanatus Tunb) CULTIVATION","authors":"Wiyanti Wiyanti, Ni Nengah Soniari, I. Dibia","doi":"10.24843/ijbb.2019.v06.i02.p05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/ijbb.2019.v06.i02.p05","url":null,"abstract":"The study on The Role of Organic Matter on Improvement of The Properties of Kusamba Beach Sand Soil, Dawan Sub-District, Klungkung Regency, Bali For Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Tunb) Cultivation was conducted in the green house of Agriculture Faculty, Udayana University, Bali. The aim of this study was to determine the role of organic matter in the soil properties of beach sand (Entisol type) to increase crop productivity of watermelon. The research used pot experiment with completely randomized design (CRD) method. The treatments used was organic fertilizer of waste cattle with base fertilizer (N, P, K). The dosage of organic fertilizer were: P0 (20% of the weight of soil); P1 (40%); P2 (60%), and P3 (80%). Each treatment was repeated three times, so in total were 12 pots treatment. Organic matter can decrease bulk density, soil permeability, and increase the total porosity of the soil. It was also able to increase total nitrogen, availability P in soil, dry weight of crop and the weight of the fruit at harvest. The highest bulk density was at P0 and the lowest was at P3 or decreased by 23.17%. The soil porosity increased by 7.98%, while the soil permeability decreased by 26.29%. The highest of total Nitrogen and P availability at treatment P3 which increased by 100% and 135.33% repectively when compared with P0. The dry weight of crop and weight of fruit at harvest increased of 48.81% and 97.70% when compared with treatment of P0.","PeriodicalId":13910,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82373081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-16DOI: 10.24843/ijbb.2019.v06.i02.p04
N. M. Trigunasih, I. Dibia
This study aims to: (1) to know the suitability of the land for the development of several fruit horticultural commodities in the Sub-district of South Kuta, (2) determine the suitability of land in agroecosystem and its limiting factors, (3) provide ecommendations for land management in the study area. The study used a field survey method with the determination of observation samples carried out in a stratified purposive sampling with land units as the strata. Land quality/characteristics as a determinant of land suitability observed include: annual mean temperature, water availability; rooting media; availability of oxygen; nutrient retention, CEC, BS, pH, and organic matter; nutrients available; erosion; flood hazard; land preparation. Land suitability assessment is done by matching the land quality with the growing requirements for the plants evaluated. The results showed that the actual land suitability for food crops of fruit horticulture (citrus, mango, starfruit, banana, sapodilla, grape, klengkeng, papaya, grain guava, guava, jackfruit, soursop, avocado, srikaya, breadfruit and pineapple) belonged according to conditional marginal suitable (S3), until not appropriate (N) with the quality of the land as a limiting factor are: rooting media (effective depth of soil); land preparation (surface rocks and rock outcrops); erosion hazard; and nutrient availability (especially N-total and P-available). The assumption is that some land quality/characteristics that are as limiting factors can be improved, then the suitability of the potential land is quite suitable (S2) to marginal suitable (S3) with the quality/characteristics of the land as a limiting are: availability of water (long dry months), rooting media (effective depth), land preparation (surface rocks, rock outcrops), and nutrient retention (rather high soil pH). Increased land productivity in the study area can be done by improving land management by providing inputs such as: the addition of sufficient organic material, adition of fertilizer containing elements of N (ZA), and fertilizer containing elements of Potasium (SP36), taking conservation measures in the form of making terraces on sloping lands.
{"title":"AGROECOSYSTEMS OF LAND SUITABILITY IN SUB-DISTRICT OF SOUTH KUTA FOR COMMODITY DEVELOPMENT HORTIKULTURA FRUITS IN BADUNG DISTRICT, BALI","authors":"N. M. Trigunasih, I. Dibia","doi":"10.24843/ijbb.2019.v06.i02.p04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/ijbb.2019.v06.i02.p04","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to: (1) to know the suitability of the land for the development of several fruit horticultural commodities in the Sub-district of South Kuta, (2) determine the suitability of land in agroecosystem and its limiting factors, (3) provide ecommendations for land management in the study area. The study used a field survey method with the determination of observation samples carried out in a stratified purposive sampling with land units as the strata. Land quality/characteristics as a determinant of land suitability observed include: annual mean temperature, water availability; rooting media; availability of oxygen; nutrient retention, CEC, BS, pH, and organic matter; nutrients available; erosion; flood hazard; land preparation. Land suitability assessment is done by matching the land quality with the growing requirements for the plants evaluated. The results showed that the actual land suitability for food crops of fruit horticulture (citrus, mango, starfruit, banana, sapodilla, grape, klengkeng, papaya, grain guava, guava, jackfruit, soursop, avocado, srikaya, breadfruit and pineapple) belonged according to conditional marginal suitable (S3), until not appropriate (N) with the quality of the land as a limiting factor are: rooting media (effective depth of soil); land preparation (surface rocks and rock outcrops); erosion hazard; and nutrient availability (especially N-total and P-available). The assumption is that some land quality/characteristics that are as limiting factors can be improved, then the suitability of the potential land is quite suitable (S2) to marginal suitable (S3) with the quality/characteristics of the land as a limiting are: availability of water (long dry months), rooting media (effective depth), land preparation (surface rocks, rock outcrops), and nutrient retention (rather high soil pH). Increased land productivity in the study area can be done by improving land management by providing inputs such as: the addition of sufficient organic material, adition of fertilizer containing elements of N (ZA), and fertilizer containing elements of Potasium (SP36), taking conservation measures in the form of making terraces on sloping lands.","PeriodicalId":13910,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87155892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-16DOI: 10.24843/ijbb.2019.v06.i02.p06
I. Mega, A. A. Supadma
This study aim is to determine the effect of the application of Gaharu-C fertilizer formulation of sapwood formed on agarwood plants at three specific locations in Tabanan Regency. This research is a factorial experiment with basic CRD design (completely randomized design). The first factor is location specific consisting of 3 location namely: Pupuan Subdistrict (Pu), Penebel Subdistrict (Pnl), and District of East Selemadeg (Sl). The second factor was the treatment of the Gaharu-C formula fertilizer consisting of 2 ie: 0 (without fertilizer), and C (Gaharu-C fertilizer formulation: 100 g urea + 100 g SP-36 + 100 g KCl) + (7.5 kg compost ) + (75 g dolomite) per tree), each treatment replicated three times. Number of plants used as many as 18 trees. Parameters observed included increased stem diameter, sapwood color, weight of sapwood, resin content and soil chemical properties data. Data analysis used variance analysis and LCD test (?= 0.05). The results showed that specific-location factors had significant effect on increasing stem diameter. However, had no significant effect on the color of sapwood, sapwood weight and resin level of sapwood. The fertilizer factor of Gaharu-C formula has no significant effect on all parameters observed. The highest increase of stem diameter was obtained at Pupuan location (0.40 cm), followed by East Selemadeg (0.32 cm), and the lowest Penebel (0.15 cm). The weight of sapwood and the highest resin content was obtained at the Sl C treatment of 5.34 g and 6.43%. The best application of Gaharu-C fertilizer formulation is in East Selemadeg Subdistrict.
{"title":"APPLICATION OF GAHARU-C FORMULATION (ORGANIC AND INORGANIC) FERTILIZER ON AGARWOOD PLANT AT SPECIFIC LOCATION IN TABANAN REGENCY","authors":"I. Mega, A. A. Supadma","doi":"10.24843/ijbb.2019.v06.i02.p06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/ijbb.2019.v06.i02.p06","url":null,"abstract":"This study aim is to determine the effect of the application of Gaharu-C fertilizer formulation of sapwood formed on agarwood plants at three specific locations in Tabanan Regency. This research is a factorial experiment with basic CRD design (completely randomized design). The first factor is location specific consisting of 3 location namely: Pupuan Subdistrict (Pu), Penebel Subdistrict (Pnl), and District of East Selemadeg (Sl). The second factor was the treatment of the Gaharu-C formula fertilizer consisting of 2 ie: 0 (without fertilizer), and C (Gaharu-C fertilizer formulation: 100 g urea + 100 g SP-36 + 100 g KCl) + (7.5 kg compost ) + (75 g dolomite) per tree), each treatment replicated three times. Number of plants used as many as 18 trees. Parameters observed included increased stem diameter, sapwood color, weight of sapwood, resin content and soil chemical properties data. Data analysis used variance analysis and LCD test (?= 0.05). The results showed that specific-location factors had significant effect on increasing stem diameter. However, had no significant effect on the color of sapwood, sapwood weight and resin level of sapwood. The fertilizer factor of Gaharu-C formula has no significant effect on all parameters observed. The highest increase of stem diameter was obtained at Pupuan location (0.40 cm), followed by East Selemadeg (0.32 cm), and the lowest Penebel (0.15 cm). The weight of sapwood and the highest resin content was obtained at the Sl C treatment of 5.34 g and 6.43%. The best application of Gaharu-C fertilizer formulation is in East Selemadeg Subdistrict.","PeriodicalId":13910,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81533914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-16DOI: 10.24843/IJBB.2019.V06.I02.P01
I. K. Suada, A. Suwastika, I. Pradnyana, N. Shchegolkova, R. Poloskin, O. Gladkov, O. Yakimenko, A. Stepanov
The high economic value of cabbage crop leads farmers to make various efforts to suppress the pathogen of club root which is detrimental to plants. Efforts that need to be put forward must be environmentally safe. One way that is environmentally friendly is to control a pathogen biologically using antagonistic microbes. Therefore, the use of microbes such as Trichoderma which has been widely studied is important because it was able to suppress clubroot incidence and stimulate plant growth as well. Meanwhile, the need for plant nutrients to maximize plant growth requires an input of organic materials such as lignohumate which preserve soil nutrients, improve soil structure and increase plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. The previous study on this scheme found an effective indigenous Trichoderma to suppress clubroot, therefore it is used in the current study. The objective of this study was to find out a combination treatment of Trichoderma and lignohumate which can suppress clubroot and increase plant growth. This experiment used a Randomized Block Design with 2 factors and 3 replications. Trichoderma concentration consisted of 3 levels, namely 0 spores (control), 1x106 spores. 2x106 spores, and 3x106 spores per plant which were suspended in 150 ml of water. The lignohumate treatments were 0.01, 0.02, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 2%. The results showed that lignohumate treatment was interact with Trichoderma population number on disease incidence, total clubroot, root dry weight, but not to canopy dry weight. The most suitable combination of treatments was the Trichoderma population of 3x106 spores (15 g) in combination to lignohumate of 0.5%. This combination resulted in the lowest disease incidence, the lowest total clubroot, root dry weight, and the highest canopy dry weight. The higher the lignohumate concentration up to 0.5%, the higher the number of microbes (fungi and bacteria) growth, howeverit decreased above the concentration of 0.5%.
{"title":"APPLICATION OF Trichoderma spp. AND LIGNOHUMATE TO SUPPRESS A PATHOGEN OF CLUBROOT (Plasmodiophora brassicae WOR.) AND PROMOTE PLANT GROWTH OF CABBAGE","authors":"I. K. Suada, A. Suwastika, I. Pradnyana, N. Shchegolkova, R. Poloskin, O. Gladkov, O. Yakimenko, A. Stepanov","doi":"10.24843/IJBB.2019.V06.I02.P01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/IJBB.2019.V06.I02.P01","url":null,"abstract":"The high economic value of cabbage crop leads farmers to make various efforts to suppress the pathogen of club root which is detrimental to plants. Efforts that need to be put forward must be environmentally safe. One way that is environmentally friendly is to control a pathogen biologically using antagonistic microbes. Therefore, the use of microbes such as Trichoderma which has been widely studied is important because it was able to suppress clubroot incidence and stimulate plant growth as well. Meanwhile, the need for plant nutrients to maximize plant growth requires an input of organic materials such as lignohumate which preserve soil nutrients, improve soil structure and increase plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. The previous study on this scheme found an effective indigenous Trichoderma to suppress clubroot, therefore it is used in the current study. The objective of this study was to find out a combination treatment of Trichoderma and lignohumate which can suppress clubroot and increase plant growth. This experiment used a Randomized Block Design with 2 factors and 3 replications. Trichoderma concentration consisted of 3 levels, namely 0 spores (control), 1x106 spores. 2x106 spores, and 3x106 spores per plant which were suspended in 150 ml of water. The lignohumate treatments were 0.01, 0.02, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 2%. The results showed that lignohumate treatment was interact with Trichoderma population number on disease incidence, total clubroot, root dry weight, but not to canopy dry weight. The most suitable combination of treatments was the Trichoderma population of 3x106 spores (15 g) in combination to lignohumate of 0.5%. This combination resulted in the lowest disease incidence, the lowest total clubroot, root dry weight, and the highest canopy dry weight. The higher the lignohumate concentration up to 0.5%, the higher the number of microbes (fungi and bacteria) growth, howeverit decreased above the concentration of 0.5%.","PeriodicalId":13910,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79791584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-16DOI: 10.24843/ijbb.2019.v06.i02.p02
R. Dwiyani, Hestin Yuswanti, Yuyun Fitriani, B. Sugiharto
The aim of the research is to investigate a simple method of in planta transformation method for T-DNA transfer in table grape. The T-DNA harbored the S0SPS1 gene under the control of promoter of the 35S CaMV from the Cauliflower Mosaic Virus and contained the NPTII gene, a kanamycin-resistant gene as a selectable marker for transformant selection. Six-month plants originated from cuttings were used as target plants. We explored two methods of in planta transformation, namely ”dipping” and “sweeping”. For both methods, the leaves of the target plants were removed and those of shoots without leaves were used as the target of transformation. In the “dipping method”, those shoots were dipped with the agrobacterial suspension for 60 seconds. However, for the “sweeping method”, the scars (the spots where leaves were removed) were swept with agrobacterial suspension using a cotton bud. Those treated non-leafy-shoots (from both methods) then were grown to be leafy shoots. Those leafy shoots then were cut and transplanted into the soil and grown to be a whole plant. The leaves of those plants then were taken as samples for DNA extraction and PCR using primers of NPTII gene (Forward: 5’-GTCATCTCACCTTCCTCCTGCC-3’; Reverse: 5’ GTCGCTTGGTCGGTCATTTCG-3’) with expected amplified band of 550 bp. We found that only the “sweeping method” plants amplified the 550 bp bands, while those of the “dipping method” did not. We suggest that the T-DNA was successfully integrated into the genome of plants treated with the “sweeping method” but not with the “dipping method”. Leaf sugar content (oBrix) of PCR-positive vines was higher than those of the wild-type vines, ensuring the integration of the T-DNA into the plant genome.
{"title":"IN-PLANTA TRANSFORMATION METHOD MEDIATED WITH Agrobacterium tumefaciens FOR T-DNA TRANSFER IN TABLE GRAPE (Vitis vinifera L.)","authors":"R. Dwiyani, Hestin Yuswanti, Yuyun Fitriani, B. Sugiharto","doi":"10.24843/ijbb.2019.v06.i02.p02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/ijbb.2019.v06.i02.p02","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the research is to investigate a simple method of in planta transformation method for T-DNA transfer in table grape. The T-DNA harbored the S0SPS1 gene under the control of promoter of the 35S CaMV from the Cauliflower Mosaic Virus and contained the NPTII gene, a kanamycin-resistant gene as a selectable marker for transformant selection. Six-month plants originated from cuttings were used as target plants. We explored two methods of in planta transformation, namely ”dipping” and “sweeping”. For both methods, the leaves of the target plants were removed and those of shoots without leaves were used as the target of transformation. In the “dipping method”, those shoots were dipped with the agrobacterial suspension for 60 seconds. However, for the “sweeping method”, the scars (the spots where leaves were removed) were swept with agrobacterial suspension using a cotton bud. Those treated non-leafy-shoots (from both methods) then were grown to be leafy shoots. Those leafy shoots then were cut and transplanted into the soil and grown to be a whole plant. The leaves of those plants then were taken as samples for DNA extraction and PCR using primers of NPTII gene (Forward: 5’-GTCATCTCACCTTCCTCCTGCC-3’; Reverse: 5’ GTCGCTTGGTCGGTCATTTCG-3’) with expected amplified band of 550 bp. We found that only the “sweeping method” plants amplified the 550 bp bands, while those of the “dipping method” did not. We suggest that the T-DNA was successfully integrated into the genome of plants treated with the “sweeping method” but not with the “dipping method”. Leaf sugar content (oBrix) of PCR-positive vines was higher than those of the wild-type vines, ensuring the integration of the T-DNA into the plant genome.","PeriodicalId":13910,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86291152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-04DOI: 10.24843/IJBB.2018.V06.I01.P01
M. Sriasih, O. Yanuarianto, D. Dahlanuddin, W. Pomroy
To date, there are very few studies have been carried out on the effect of parasite infection on Bali cattle, and more importantly, there is no published data on the epidemiology of worm infections on Bali cattle in the island of Sumbawa, Indonesia. This research aimed to undertake a preliminary study on gastrointestinal (GI) parasitic infection on Bali cattle raised under semi-intensive farming system in five different sites in district of Dompu, Sumbawa island. Fecal samples of 76 Bali cattle, from three farmer groups namely site number 1, 4 and 5, were collected, processed and examined under a microscope, with 100x magnification, for egg fecal counting or oocyst fecal counting using the modified McMaster technique. The number of eggs/oocysts observed was then determined and identified. The results show that the eggs/oocysts ranged from 50-14800. The types of GI parasites identified were Strongyloides sp, Strongyle sp, Toxocara sp, Trichuris sp, and Coccidia. Coccidia oocyst is a type of parasite which was found with the highest percentage of 23.68% followed by Strongyle sp. (18.42%) and Toxocara sp. (10.52%). The overall prevalence of GI parasitic infection in cattle accounted for 43.42%. Young calves (0-3 months old) was more susceptible to GI parasitic infection among other age groups. This preliminary data could be used as a basic data on gastrointestinal parasitic infection in Dompu district. These results may also indicate the need to develop control strategies aiming at lowering the gastrointestinal parasitism.
{"title":"GASTROINTESTINAL PARASITE INFECTION ON BALI CATTLE RAISED IN SEMI-INTENSIVE FARMING SYSTEM IN DOMPU, SUMBAWA ISLAND: A PRELIMINARY STUDY","authors":"M. Sriasih, O. Yanuarianto, D. Dahlanuddin, W. Pomroy","doi":"10.24843/IJBB.2018.V06.I01.P01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/IJBB.2018.V06.I01.P01","url":null,"abstract":"To date, there are very few studies have been carried out on the effect of parasite infection on Bali cattle, and more importantly, there is no published data on the epidemiology of worm infections on Bali cattle in the island of Sumbawa, Indonesia. This research aimed to undertake a preliminary study on gastrointestinal (GI) parasitic infection on Bali cattle raised under semi-intensive farming system in five different sites in district of Dompu, Sumbawa island. Fecal samples of 76 Bali cattle, from three farmer groups namely site number 1, 4 and 5, were collected, processed and examined under a microscope, with 100x magnification, for egg fecal counting or oocyst fecal counting using the modified McMaster technique. The number of eggs/oocysts observed was then determined and identified. The results show that the eggs/oocysts ranged from 50-14800. The types of GI parasites identified were Strongyloides sp, Strongyle sp, Toxocara sp, Trichuris sp, and Coccidia. Coccidia oocyst is a type of parasite which was found with the highest percentage of 23.68% followed by Strongyle sp. (18.42%) and Toxocara sp. (10.52%). The overall prevalence of GI parasitic infection in cattle accounted for 43.42%. Young calves (0-3 months old) was more susceptible to GI parasitic infection among other age groups. This preliminary data could be used as a basic data on gastrointestinal parasitic infection in Dompu district. These results may also indicate the need to develop control strategies aiming at lowering the gastrointestinal parasitism.","PeriodicalId":13910,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78327131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-04DOI: 10.24843/ijbb.2018.v06.i01.p07
Ni Wayan Surya Suryathi, M. Antara, N. B. Atmaja, W. Windia
This study aims to analyse the science and technological values in religious rituals in the women farmers group of Jempiring Kabupaten Badung. The data was analysed qualitatively. The results show: science and technological values in religious rituals which are implemented through Tri Hita Karana which are harmonious relationship with God, harmonious relationship with other people, and harmonious relationship with the environment, it is evident from Banten Pejati that is complete with segehan Agung which is given on piodalan at Pura Melanting. Ans it is also followed by pemerastitaan and pelukatan rituals for the group’s members. Daksina in Banten Pejati is the symbol of God’s palace. This symbol provides a scientific-psycho-theological effect that makes the minds of the people moored in the presence of a metaphysical god in the support of physical daksina. This value is also found in the sound of kul-kul, genta, gamelan, kidung and mantra during rituals. A harmonious relationship with other people is also seen from the behavior of good and honest members with a basis of menyame braya.
{"title":"SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGICAL ASPECTS IN RELIGIOUS RITUALS IN THE WOMEN FARMERS GROUP OF JEMPIRING KABUPATEN BADUNG, BALI, INDONESIA","authors":"Ni Wayan Surya Suryathi, M. Antara, N. B. Atmaja, W. Windia","doi":"10.24843/ijbb.2018.v06.i01.p07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24843/ijbb.2018.v06.i01.p07","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to analyse the science and technological values in religious rituals in the women farmers group of Jempiring Kabupaten Badung. The data was analysed qualitatively. The results show: science and technological values in religious rituals which are implemented through Tri Hita Karana which are harmonious relationship with God, harmonious relationship with other people, and harmonious relationship with the environment, it is evident from Banten Pejati that is complete with segehan Agung which is given on piodalan at Pura Melanting. Ans it is also followed by pemerastitaan and pelukatan rituals for the group’s members. Daksina in Banten Pejati is the symbol of God’s palace. This symbol provides a scientific-psycho-theological effect that makes the minds of the people moored in the presence of a metaphysical god in the support of physical daksina. This value is also found in the sound of kul-kul, genta, gamelan, kidung and mantra during rituals. A harmonious relationship with other people is also seen from the behavior of good and honest members with a basis of menyame braya.","PeriodicalId":13910,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85814734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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