Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.1097/ipc.0000000000001275
Andrea Molin, Daniel Tsang, Brooke Hirsch, Devin M Weber
Opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome (OMS) is a rare neurological disorder characterized by rapid saccadic eye movements, focal myoclonus, and gait disturbances. Both neoplastic and infectious processes have been found to be associated with OMS. In this report, we present a case of OMS in the setting of a new diagnosis of HIV. After diagnosis, the patient was initiated on antiretroviral therapy in addition to clonazepam with some improvement in her neurological symptoms. It was not until she was started on prednisone as an outpatient that her symptoms completely resolved and she returned to her functional baseline.
{"title":"Opsoclonus Myoclonus Syndrome Associated With a New Diagnosis of HIV","authors":"Andrea Molin, Daniel Tsang, Brooke Hirsch, Devin M Weber","doi":"10.1097/ipc.0000000000001275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ipc.0000000000001275","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome (OMS) is a rare neurological disorder characterized by rapid saccadic eye movements, focal myoclonus, and gait disturbances. Both neoplastic and infectious processes have been found to be associated with OMS. In this report, we present a case of OMS in the setting of a new diagnosis of HIV. After diagnosis, the patient was initiated on antiretroviral therapy in addition to clonazepam with some improvement in her neurological symptoms. It was not until she was started on prednisone as an outpatient that her symptoms completely resolved and she returned to her functional baseline.","PeriodicalId":13952,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45627224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.1097/ipc.0000000000001281
Richard D. Kang, Heeya Shah, John N. Greene
Public demand for gluteal autologous fat grafting, also known as a “Brazilian butt lift,” has increased over time, but these surgeries are not without risk of complications. Surgical infections range from 1.9% to 5% of the total complication rate for gluteal augmentation, including both superficial and deep infections. We present a case of Staphylococcus lugdunensis infection after gluteal autologous fat grafting and review the literature to discuss pertinent infectious and noninfectious complications of this procedure. Staphylococcus lugdunensis is a common cause of skin and soft tissue infections and is probably underrated by many doctors and laboratories. Hence, S lugdunensis should be accepted as a significant pathogen in skin and soft tissue infections and should be looked for in all routine bacteriological examinations, and clinicians should be able to be acquainted with the name and the pathology of the bacterium. With increasing popularity of fat grafting for buttock augmentation, it is more important than ever to continue researching and learning to safeguard the satisfaction and safety of our patients.
{"title":"Infectious and Noninfectious Complications After Gluteal Augmentation Surgery","authors":"Richard D. Kang, Heeya Shah, John N. Greene","doi":"10.1097/ipc.0000000000001281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ipc.0000000000001281","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Public demand for gluteal autologous fat grafting, also known as a “Brazilian butt lift,” has increased over time, but these surgeries are not without risk of complications. Surgical infections range from 1.9% to 5% of the total complication rate for gluteal augmentation, including both superficial and deep infections. We present a case of Staphylococcus lugdunensis infection after gluteal autologous fat grafting and review the literature to discuss pertinent infectious and noninfectious complications of this procedure. Staphylococcus lugdunensis is a common cause of skin and soft tissue infections and is probably underrated by many doctors and laboratories. Hence, S lugdunensis should be accepted as a significant pathogen in skin and soft tissue infections and should be looked for in all routine bacteriological examinations, and clinicians should be able to be acquainted with the name and the pathology of the bacterium. With increasing popularity of fat grafting for buttock augmentation, it is more important than ever to continue researching and learning to safeguard the satisfaction and safety of our patients.","PeriodicalId":13952,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61751218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.1097/ipc.0000000000001278
T. Louie, Nurhan Calisir
{"title":"Telemedicine Reduces No-Show Rate in HIV and Infectious Disease Clinic During COVID","authors":"T. Louie, Nurhan Calisir","doi":"10.1097/ipc.0000000000001278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ipc.0000000000001278","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13952,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44759072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.1097/ipc.0000000000001277
I. Sharma, J. Hodges, S. Moonah, D. Shirley
Staphylococcus lugdunensis is a coagulase-negative staphylococcus that can cause serious infection similar to Staphylococcus aureus. Limited therapeutic options are available for patients with staphylococcal bacteremia who fail to respond to standard monotherapy, particularly when source control of infection is not feasible, driving the need for improved synergistic antibiotic combinations to enhance medical management. We present the case of a 58-year-old patient with persistent S. lugdunensis bacteremia for over 1 week despite appropriate therapy with nafcillin. Blood cultures were successfully sterilized following the addition of ertapenem salvage therapy, with rapid blood culture clearance within 2 days of initiation. To our knowledge, this is the first report of using ertapenem in combination with an antistaphylococcal penicillin to specifically clear persistent S. lugdunensis bacteremia. Similar success has been reported using this combination to treat methicillin-susceptible S. aureus infections; hence, our report provides further support for the benefit of this combination for staphylococcal infections.
{"title":"Clearance of Persistent Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus lugdunensis Bacteremia Using Nafcillin Plus Ertapenem Combination Therapy","authors":"I. Sharma, J. Hodges, S. Moonah, D. Shirley","doi":"10.1097/ipc.0000000000001277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ipc.0000000000001277","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Staphylococcus lugdunensis is a coagulase-negative staphylococcus that can cause serious infection similar to Staphylococcus aureus. Limited therapeutic options are available for patients with staphylococcal bacteremia who fail to respond to standard monotherapy, particularly when source control of infection is not feasible, driving the need for improved synergistic antibiotic combinations to enhance medical management. We present the case of a 58-year-old patient with persistent S. lugdunensis bacteremia for over 1 week despite appropriate therapy with nafcillin. Blood cultures were successfully sterilized following the addition of ertapenem salvage therapy, with rapid blood culture clearance within 2 days of initiation. To our knowledge, this is the first report of using ertapenem in combination with an antistaphylococcal penicillin to specifically clear persistent S. lugdunensis bacteremia. Similar success has been reported using this combination to treat methicillin-susceptible S. aureus infections; hence, our report provides further support for the benefit of this combination for staphylococcal infections.","PeriodicalId":13952,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45510558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.1097/ipc.0000000000001267
R. Frimpong, E. Takahashi, Minn Thant
The purpose of this study is to determine the rate of short-term central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) related to port placement in patients who received prophylactic intravenous antibiotics compared with those who did not receive prophylactic antibiotics. A retrospective review of 545 consecutive patients who underwent implantable port placement at Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, from May 2020 to June 2021 was conducted. A total of 270 patients underwent port placement with prophylactic antibiotics administration. A total of 275 patients underwent port placement without the administration of antibiotics. The rate of short-term or 30-day CLABSI in both groups was reviewed. Indications for port placement included vascular access for chemotherapy and need for long-term vascular access for intravenous hydration, intravenous immunoglobulin infusion, electroconvulsive therapy, and photophoresis. Short-term infections occurred in a total of 3 of 545 patients (0.55%). Rate of short-term infection in patients who had port placement without prophylactic antibiotics was 2 of 275 (0.72%). Rate of short-term infection in patients who underwent port placement with prophylactic antibiotics was 1 of 270 (0.37). All 3 patients presented with bacteremia and were treated with port explantation and intravenous antibiotics. Overall, 30-day CLABSI in 545 patients who underwent port placement was 0.55%. There was no significant difference in the rate of short-term infections in the group who received prophylactic antibiotics (0.37%) compared with patients who did not receive any preprocedural antibiotics (0.72%).
{"title":"Comparison of Short-Term Infectious Rates Related to Implantable Venous Port Placement With and Without Prophylactic Antibiotic Administration","authors":"R. Frimpong, E. Takahashi, Minn Thant","doi":"10.1097/ipc.0000000000001267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ipc.0000000000001267","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The purpose of this study is to determine the rate of short-term central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) related to port placement in patients who received prophylactic intravenous antibiotics compared with those who did not receive prophylactic antibiotics. A retrospective review of 545 consecutive patients who underwent implantable port placement at Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, from May 2020 to June 2021 was conducted. A total of 270 patients underwent port placement with prophylactic antibiotics administration. A total of 275 patients underwent port placement without the administration of antibiotics. The rate of short-term or 30-day CLABSI in both groups was reviewed. Indications for port placement included vascular access for chemotherapy and need for long-term vascular access for intravenous hydration, intravenous immunoglobulin infusion, electroconvulsive therapy, and photophoresis. Short-term infections occurred in a total of 3 of 545 patients (0.55%). Rate of short-term infection in patients who had port placement without prophylactic antibiotics was 2 of 275 (0.72%). Rate of short-term infection in patients who underwent port placement with prophylactic antibiotics was 1 of 270 (0.37). All 3 patients presented with bacteremia and were treated with port explantation and intravenous antibiotics. Overall, 30-day CLABSI in 545 patients who underwent port placement was 0.55%. There was no significant difference in the rate of short-term infections in the group who received prophylactic antibiotics (0.37%) compared with patients who did not receive any preprocedural antibiotics (0.72%).","PeriodicalId":13952,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47208801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.1097/ipc.0000000000001283
Kirtan Amin, Yasmin Rosshandler, J. Norris, Folasade Arinze
Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection is one of the most common bacterial opportunistic infections in persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH). Mycobacterium avium complex infections are caused by either M. avium or Mycobacterium intracellulare, which are nontuberculous mycobacterial species. Mycobacterium avium complex is prevalent in soil, water, and animals in the environment. Mycobacterium avium complex infections are commonly seen in persons with CD4 counts less than 50 cells/μL and are the most common cause of disseminated disease in immunocompromised patients. Vertebral osteomyelitis caused by MAC, however, remains uncommon in PLWH, with few cases reported in the literature (Lancet Infect Dis. 2004;4:557–565; Infect Dis Clin Pract. 2001;10:17–20). We present a case of vertebral osteomyelitis secondary to MAC in a person with human immunodeficiency virus and compare 10 other cases reported in the literature. Our case also highlights the importance of resuming secondary MAC prophylaxis when CD4 counts decline below 100 cells/μL in PLWH.
{"title":"A Case of Mycobacterium avium Complex Vertebral Osteomyelitis in a Patient With Human Immunodeficiency Virus","authors":"Kirtan Amin, Yasmin Rosshandler, J. Norris, Folasade Arinze","doi":"10.1097/ipc.0000000000001283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ipc.0000000000001283","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection is one of the most common bacterial opportunistic infections in persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH). Mycobacterium avium complex infections are caused by either M. avium or Mycobacterium intracellulare, which are nontuberculous mycobacterial species. Mycobacterium avium complex is prevalent in soil, water, and animals in the environment. Mycobacterium avium complex infections are commonly seen in persons with CD4 counts less than 50 cells/μL and are the most common cause of disseminated disease in immunocompromised patients. Vertebral osteomyelitis caused by MAC, however, remains uncommon in PLWH, with few cases reported in the literature (Lancet Infect Dis. 2004;4:557–565; Infect Dis Clin Pract. 2001;10:17–20). We present a case of vertebral osteomyelitis secondary to MAC in a person with human immunodeficiency virus and compare 10 other cases reported in the literature. Our case also highlights the importance of resuming secondary MAC prophylaxis when CD4 counts decline below 100 cells/μL in PLWH.","PeriodicalId":13952,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43704574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.1097/ipc.0000000000001280
C. L. Yan, G. Gupta, L. P. Guido, P. Ruiz, L. Grazette, E. Bauerlein, N. T. Rivera
Parvovirus B19 (PVB19) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) commonly cause infection worldwide, with most persons infected during childhood. Their disease courses are usually mild and brief; however, PVB19 and EBV have been implicated as etiologies of viral myocarditis. We report a case of PVB19 and EBV coinfection associated with fulminant lymphocytic myocarditis. We address the implications of the case, including the differential diagnosis, immunomodulatory treatment considerations, and evidence for the pathologic roles of PVB19, EBV, and coinfection in myocarditis. Although the pathogenic roles of PVB19 or EBV alone in myocarditis are not well established, coinfection of PVB19 and EBV may unlock their pathogenic roles causing fulminant myocarditis. Treatment with steroids and intravenous immunoglobulin G in a patient with rapid clinical deterioration despite the presence of active infection on endomyocardial biopsy by polymerase chain reaction can result in a safe and quick recovery of fulminant viral myocarditis. Early and aggressive intervention, including both mechanical circulatory support and immunomodulatory therapy, may be key to improved outcomes in cases of fulminant myocarditis.
{"title":"Fulminant Myocarditis Associated With Parvovirus B19 and Epstein-Barr Virus Coinfection","authors":"C. L. Yan, G. Gupta, L. P. Guido, P. Ruiz, L. Grazette, E. Bauerlein, N. T. Rivera","doi":"10.1097/ipc.0000000000001280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ipc.0000000000001280","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Parvovirus B19 (PVB19) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) commonly cause infection worldwide, with most persons infected during childhood. Their disease courses are usually mild and brief; however, PVB19 and EBV have been implicated as etiologies of viral myocarditis. We report a case of PVB19 and EBV coinfection associated with fulminant lymphocytic myocarditis. We address the implications of the case, including the differential diagnosis, immunomodulatory treatment considerations, and evidence for the pathologic roles of PVB19, EBV, and coinfection in myocarditis. Although the pathogenic roles of PVB19 or EBV alone in myocarditis are not well established, coinfection of PVB19 and EBV may unlock their pathogenic roles causing fulminant myocarditis. Treatment with steroids and intravenous immunoglobulin G in a patient with rapid clinical deterioration despite the presence of active infection on endomyocardial biopsy by polymerase chain reaction can result in a safe and quick recovery of fulminant viral myocarditis. Early and aggressive intervention, including both mechanical circulatory support and immunomodulatory therapy, may be key to improved outcomes in cases of fulminant myocarditis.","PeriodicalId":13952,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48829973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.1097/ipc.0000000000001276
M. Collins, Tiffany Yu, Elizabeth Gancher, M. Altshuler, T. Grenda
{"title":"A Young Man With Hemoptysis and a Cystic Lung Mass","authors":"M. Collins, Tiffany Yu, Elizabeth Gancher, M. Altshuler, T. Grenda","doi":"10.1097/ipc.0000000000001276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ipc.0000000000001276","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13952,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42645775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.1097/ipc.0000000000001272
Seyed Soheil Hosseininasab, M. Gorji, Seyyedeh Sanaz Hosseini, M. T. Moghadam
{"title":"The Use of Last-Line Antibiotics for the Treatment of COVID-19 Is a Risk to Disarm Humanity Against Future Antibiotic-Resistant Infectious Diseases","authors":"Seyed Soheil Hosseininasab, M. Gorji, Seyyedeh Sanaz Hosseini, M. T. Moghadam","doi":"10.1097/ipc.0000000000001272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ipc.0000000000001272","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13952,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48491324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.1097/ipc.0000000000001268
Oyiyechukwu Onwudiwe, Harish Gopalakrishna, G. S. Crowther, Prashanth Santhekadur
{"title":"Cryptococcal Meningitis in an Immunocompetent Chronic Cannabis User Requiring Temporary Lumbar Drain Placement","authors":"Oyiyechukwu Onwudiwe, Harish Gopalakrishna, G. S. Crowther, Prashanth Santhekadur","doi":"10.1097/ipc.0000000000001268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ipc.0000000000001268","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13952,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44610444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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