<i>Purpose</i>. Women with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) have an increased risk of ovarian insufficiency. However, whether thyroid antibodies affect the ovarian reserve remains controversial. The aim of this study was to explore the possible relationship between anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) and thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) levels in women of reproductive age. <i>Methods</i>. A total of 483 women between 18 and 45 years old who had their TPOAb, TgAb, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), and AMH levels measured on the same day were enrolled in this study. The levels of TSH, FT4, TPOAb, and TgAb, the prevalence of overt and subclinical hypothyroidism, and the positive rate of TPOAb and TgAb were compared between patients with low (below the 10th percentile), normal (10th to 90th percentile), and high (higher than the 90th percentile) AMH levels. <i>Results</i>. The median AMH level was 1.72 (0.33–4.27) ng/mL. A total of 9.9% of patients had low AMH levels. The TgAb levels and the prevalence of TgAb positivity were higher in the low AMH group (37.62 (13.10–232.68) IU/mL, 35.42%) than in the normal (12.46 (10.0–67.04) IU/mL, 19.59%) and high (13.61 (10.0–95.74) IU/mL, 23.4%) AMH groups (<span><svg height="11.7782pt" style="vertical-align:-3.42938pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.34882 18.973 11.7782" width="18.973pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.342,0)"></path></g></svg><span></span><span><svg height="11.7782pt" style="vertical-align:-3.42938pt" version="1.1" viewbox="22.555183800000002 -8.34882 28.184 11.7782" width="28.184pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,22.605,0)"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,28.845,0)"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,31.809,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-49"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,38.049,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-49"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,44.289,0)"></path></g></svg>,</span></span> <span><svg height="11.7782pt" style="vertical-align:-3.42938pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.34882 18.973 11.7782" width="18.973pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-113"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.342,0)"><use xlink:href="#g117-34"></use></g></svg><span></span><span><svg height="11.7782pt" style="vertical-align:-3.42938pt" version="1.1" viewbox="22.555183800000002 -8.34882 28.184 11.7782" width="28.184pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,22.605,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-49"></use></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,28.845,0)"><use xlink:href="#g113-47"></use
{"title":"Elevated Thyroglobulin Antibody Level is Associated with Decreased Anti-Müllerian Hormone in Women of Reproductive Age","authors":"Jazyra Zynat, Xinling Wang, Li Han, Shuqing Xing, Guzailinuer Jvlaiti, Qingqing Liu, Lingling Dong, Yanying Guo","doi":"10.1155/2023/1861752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/1861752","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Purpose</i>. Women with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) have an increased risk of ovarian insufficiency. However, whether thyroid antibodies affect the ovarian reserve remains controversial. The aim of this study was to explore the possible relationship between anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) and thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) levels in women of reproductive age. <i>Methods</i>. A total of 483 women between 18 and 45 years old who had their TPOAb, TgAb, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), and AMH levels measured on the same day were enrolled in this study. The levels of TSH, FT4, TPOAb, and TgAb, the prevalence of overt and subclinical hypothyroidism, and the positive rate of TPOAb and TgAb were compared between patients with low (below the 10th percentile), normal (10th to 90th percentile), and high (higher than the 90th percentile) AMH levels. <i>Results</i>. The median AMH level was 1.72 (0.33–4.27) ng/mL. A total of 9.9% of patients had low AMH levels. The TgAb levels and the prevalence of TgAb positivity were higher in the low AMH group (37.62 (13.10–232.68) IU/mL, 35.42%) than in the normal (12.46 (10.0–67.04) IU/mL, 19.59%) and high (13.61 (10.0–95.74) IU/mL, 23.4%) AMH groups (<span><svg height=\"11.7782pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-3.42938pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -8.34882 18.973 11.7782\" width=\"18.973pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.342,0)\"></path></g></svg><span></span><span><svg height=\"11.7782pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-3.42938pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"22.555183800000002 -8.34882 28.184 11.7782\" width=\"28.184pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,22.605,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,28.845,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,31.809,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-49\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,38.049,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-49\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,44.289,0)\"></path></g></svg>,</span></span> <span><svg height=\"11.7782pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-3.42938pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -8.34882 18.973 11.7782\" width=\"18.973pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-113\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,11.342,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g117-34\"></use></g></svg><span></span><span><svg height=\"11.7782pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-3.42938pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"22.555183800000002 -8.34882 28.184 11.7782\" width=\"28.184pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,22.605,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-49\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,28.845,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-47\"></use","PeriodicalId":13966,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Endocrinology","volume":"110 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138579264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zeina W. Sharawi, Sawsan M. Khatrawi, Qiaochu Wang, Hongzhao Zhou, Kedra Cyrus, Gai Yan, Becky Hoxter, Bassem R. Haddad, Mary Beth Martin
Background. Although prostate cancer patients initially respond to androgen deprivation therapy, most patients progress to a resistant phenotype. Castration resistance is due, in part, to intratumoral and/or adrenal synthesis of androgens, overexpression or mutation of the androgen receptor (AR), stabilization of AR by chaperones, and ligand-independent activation of AR. Increasing evidence also links disruption of calcium homeostasis to progression of prostate cancer. Our previous study shows that heavy metal cadmium activates the AR through a ligand-independent mechanism. Cadmium mimics calcium in biological systems due to their similar ionic charge and radius. This study determines whether calcium activates AR and whether first- and second-generation antiandrogens block the ability of calcium to activate the receptor. Methods. The expression of androgen-responsive genes and calcium channels was measured in prostate cells using a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay. Cell growth was measured. Results. To ask whether calcium activates AR, prostate cells were treated with calcium in the absence and presence of the first-generation antiandrogens hydroxyflutamide and bicalutamide and the second-generation antiandrogen enzalutamide, and the expression of androgen-responsive genes and cell growth was measured. In the normal PWR-1E cells and HEK293T cells transiently expressing AR, treatment with calcium increased the expression of androgen-responsive genes by approximately 3-fold. The increase was blocked by enzalutamide but was not consistently blocked by the first-generation antiandrogens. In LNCaP cells which contain a mutant AR, treatment with calcium also increased the expression of androgen-responsive genes by approximately 3-fold, and the increase was more effectively blocked by enzalutamide than by hydroxyflutamide or bicalutamide. Treatment with calcium also increased cell growth that was blocked by enzalutamide. To ask whether dysregulation of calcium channels is associated with castration resistance, calcium channels were measured in the normal PWR-1E prostate cells, the hormone-responsive LNCaP cells, and the castration-resistant VCaP and 22RV1 cells. Compared to normal prostate cells, the hormone-responsive and hormone-resistant cells overexpressed several calcium channels. Conclusions. The results of this study show that calcium activates AR and increases cell growth and that calcium channels are overexpressed in hormone-responsive and hormone-resistant prostate cancer cells. Taken together, the results suggest a novel role of calcium in the castration-resistant phenotype.
背景。尽管前列腺癌患者最初对雄激素剥夺疗法有反应，但大多数患者会发展为耐药表型。阉割耐药的部分原因是瘤内和/或肾上腺合成雄激素、雄激素受体（AR）过度表达或突变、伴侣对 AR 的稳定作用以及配体对 AR 的非依赖性激活。越来越多的证据表明，钙平衡的破坏也与前列腺癌的进展有关。我们之前的研究表明，重金属镉可通过配体依赖性机制激活 AR。由于镉的离子电荷和半径与钙相似，因此在生物系统中镉会模拟钙。本研究确定钙是否能激活 AR，以及第一代和第二代抗雄激素是否能阻断钙激活受体的能力。研究方法使用定量实时聚合酶链反应测定法测量前列腺细胞中雄激素反应基因和钙通道的表达。同时还测量了细胞的生长情况。结果。为了弄清钙是否能激活 AR，在第一代抗雄激素羟基氟他胺和比卡鲁胺以及第二代抗雄激素恩扎鲁胺不存在和存在的情况下，用钙处理前列腺细胞，并测量雄激素反应基因的表达和细胞生长。在正常的PWR-1E细胞和瞬时表达AR的HEK293T细胞中，钙处理可使雄激素反应基因的表达增加约3倍。恩杂鲁胺能阻止这种增加，但第一代抗雄激素不能持续阻止这种增加。在含有突变 AR 的 LNCaP 细胞中，钙处理也会使雄激素反应基因的表达增加约 3 倍，恩杂鲁胺比羟基氟他胺或比卡鲁胺能更有效地阻止这种增加。用钙处理也会增加细胞生长，而恩杂鲁胺会阻止细胞生长。为了弄清钙通道失调是否与阉割抗性有关，对正常的PWR-1E前列腺细胞、激素反应性LNCaP细胞以及阉割抗性VCaP和22RV1细胞中的钙通道进行了测量。与正常前列腺细胞相比，激素反应性细胞和激素耐药细胞过度表达了多种钙通道。结论。本研究结果表明，钙能激活 AR 并促进细胞生长，而且激素反应性和激素耐受性前列腺癌细胞中钙通道过度表达。综上所述，这些结果表明钙在阉割耐药表型中发挥了新的作用。
{"title":"Calcium Activation of the Androgen Receptor in Prostate Cells","authors":"Zeina W. Sharawi, Sawsan M. Khatrawi, Qiaochu Wang, Hongzhao Zhou, Kedra Cyrus, Gai Yan, Becky Hoxter, Bassem R. Haddad, Mary Beth Martin","doi":"10.1155/2023/9907948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/9907948","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Background</i>. Although prostate cancer patients initially respond to androgen deprivation therapy, most patients progress to a resistant phenotype. Castration resistance is due, in part, to intratumoral and/or adrenal synthesis of androgens, overexpression or mutation of the androgen receptor (AR), stabilization of AR by chaperones, and ligand-independent activation of AR. Increasing evidence also links disruption of calcium homeostasis to progression of prostate cancer. Our previous study shows that heavy metal cadmium activates the AR through a ligand-independent mechanism. Cadmium mimics calcium in biological systems due to their similar ionic charge and radius. This study determines whether calcium activates AR and whether first- and second-generation antiandrogens block the ability of calcium to activate the receptor. <i>Methods</i>. The expression of androgen-responsive genes and calcium channels was measured in prostate cells using a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay. Cell growth was measured. <i>Results</i>. To ask whether calcium activates AR, prostate cells were treated with calcium in the absence and presence of the first-generation antiandrogens hydroxyflutamide and bicalutamide and the second-generation antiandrogen enzalutamide, and the expression of androgen-responsive genes and cell growth was measured. In the normal PWR-1E cells and HEK293T cells transiently expressing AR, treatment with calcium increased the expression of androgen-responsive genes by approximately 3-fold. The increase was blocked by enzalutamide but was not consistently blocked by the first-generation antiandrogens. In LNCaP cells which contain a mutant AR, treatment with calcium also increased the expression of androgen-responsive genes by approximately 3-fold, and the increase was more effectively blocked by enzalutamide than by hydroxyflutamide or bicalutamide. Treatment with calcium also increased cell growth that was blocked by enzalutamide. To ask whether dysregulation of calcium channels is associated with castration resistance, calcium channels were measured in the normal PWR-1E prostate cells, the hormone-responsive LNCaP cells, and the castration-resistant VCaP and 22RV1 cells. Compared to normal prostate cells, the hormone-responsive and hormone-resistant cells overexpressed several calcium channels. <i>Conclusions</i>. The results of this study show that calcium activates AR and increases cell growth and that calcium channels are overexpressed in hormone-responsive and hormone-resistant prostate cancer cells. Taken together, the results suggest a novel role of calcium in the castration-resistant phenotype.","PeriodicalId":13966,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Endocrinology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138579603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Niharika Yedla, Hyon Kim, Anupa Sharma, Xiangbing Wang
The clinical presentation of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) has evolved over the years from a symptomatic disorder to a predominantly asymptomatic condition. Altered vitamin D metabolism seems to play a role in the presentation of PHPT and may exacerbate the severity of disease. The epidemiology of PHPT differs in the developing versus the developed world, where more severe phenotypes occur in regions where vitamin D deficiency is common. Although it has been validated that patients with PHPT should be vitamin D sufficient, the threshold to supplement in relation to the severity of PHPT and the degree of vitamin D deficiency remains controversial. This review will highlight some of the controversy regarding vitamin D deficiency and the different phenotypes of PHPT.
多年来，原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症（PHPT）的临床表现已从一种有症状的疾病演变为一种以无症状为主的疾病。维生素 D 代谢的改变似乎在 PHPT 的发病过程中起了一定的作用，并可能加剧疾病的严重程度。PHPT 的流行病学在发展中国家和发达国家有所不同，在维生素 D 缺乏普遍的地区，PHPT 的表型更为严重。尽管已证实 PHPT 患者应补充足够的维生素 D，但与 PHPT 严重程度和维生素 D 缺乏程度相关的补充阈值仍存在争议。本综述将强调有关维生素 D 缺乏和 PHPT 不同表型的一些争议。
{"title":"Vitamin D Deficiency and the Presentation of Primary Hyperparathyroidism: A Mini Review","authors":"Niharika Yedla, Hyon Kim, Anupa Sharma, Xiangbing Wang","doi":"10.1155/2023/1169249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/1169249","url":null,"abstract":"The clinical presentation of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) has evolved over the years from a symptomatic disorder to a predominantly asymptomatic condition. Altered vitamin D metabolism seems to play a role in the presentation of PHPT and may exacerbate the severity of disease. The epidemiology of PHPT differs in the developing versus the developed world, where more severe phenotypes occur in regions where vitamin D deficiency is common. Although it has been validated that patients with PHPT should be vitamin D sufficient, the threshold to supplement in relation to the severity of PHPT and the degree of vitamin D deficiency remains controversial. This review will highlight some of the controversy regarding vitamin D deficiency and the different phenotypes of PHPT.","PeriodicalId":13966,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Endocrinology","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138569599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haoran Wang, Ji Wu, Boyao Wang, Hu Qin, Lei Fan, Yunhua Wang, Bin He
Orthopedic patients need to perform limb immobilization for several days to several weeks due to fracture or other special circumstances. When the function of a certain part or the whole body is restricted, the activity of osteoclasts will be enhanced and its life activity will surpass that of osteoblasts, so local or even whole body bone loss will occur. Acute bone loss usually occurs within a few weeks after the immobilization of limbs. At this stage, the patient’s bone mass will decrease sharply, and the patient is prone to osteoporotic refracture. After that, the bone mass will gradually recover, but the speed of bone formation and bone absorption is difficult to reach a balanced state, and the bone mass of patients will continue to decline after it has recovered to a certain degree. After acute progressive bone loss, a large number of bones were lost and the strength of bones decreased. It is often difficult to recover to the level before fracture for a long time, which undoubtedly increases the risk of osteoporosis and related refractures. According to this common phenomenon of bone loss, clinical treatment varies greatly. After a series of research and practice, clinicians summed up some rules and put forward some feasible suggestions, thus strengthening clinicians’ understanding of the treatment of acute bone loss, effectively improving the treatment effect of acute bone loss, having far-reaching significance for preventing and treating osteoporosis, reducing the risk of fracture, and improving the long-term prognosis of patients.
{"title":"Progress in Prevention and Treatment of Acute Bone Loss in Orthopedics","authors":"Haoran Wang, Ji Wu, Boyao Wang, Hu Qin, Lei Fan, Yunhua Wang, Bin He","doi":"10.1155/2023/9373043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/9373043","url":null,"abstract":"Orthopedic patients need to perform limb immobilization for several days to several weeks due to fracture or other special circumstances. When the function of a certain part or the whole body is restricted, the activity of osteoclasts will be enhanced and its life activity will surpass that of osteoblasts, so local or even whole body bone loss will occur. Acute bone loss usually occurs within a few weeks after the immobilization of limbs. At this stage, the patient’s bone mass will decrease sharply, and the patient is prone to osteoporotic refracture. After that, the bone mass will gradually recover, but the speed of bone formation and bone absorption is difficult to reach a balanced state, and the bone mass of patients will continue to decline after it has recovered to a certain degree. After acute progressive bone loss, a large number of bones were lost and the strength of bones decreased. It is often difficult to recover to the level before fracture for a long time, which undoubtedly increases the risk of osteoporosis and related refractures. According to this common phenomenon of bone loss, clinical treatment varies greatly. After a series of research and practice, clinicians summed up some rules and put forward some feasible suggestions, thus strengthening clinicians’ understanding of the treatment of acute bone loss, effectively improving the treatment effect of acute bone loss, having far-reaching significance for preventing and treating osteoporosis, reducing the risk of fracture, and improving the long-term prognosis of patients.","PeriodicalId":13966,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Endocrinology","volume":"235 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138515938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective. In this study, we aimed to estimate the impact of sleep duration on left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods. Consecutive patients with T2DM undergoing transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) in our center from October 2017 to February 2021 were analyzed. The association of the risk of LVH in T2DM patients was evaluated using univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses. Results. This study finally included 2689 adult patients (mean age 51.8 ± 12.5 years, 56.2% men, mean sleep duration 7.6 ± 1.4 hours per day). Of all patients, 655 (24.4%) patients were diagnosed with LVH and 2034 did not have LVH. All patients were adults and were diagnosed with T2DM. In the univariate and multivariate regression analyses, gender, sleep duration, body mass index (BMI), waist, hemoglobin (Hb), blood creatinine (Cr), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) were associated with LVH. In the restricted cubic spline (RCS) model, the cut-off points of sleep duration given refer to the group of patients with T2DM and LVH were 8 hours per day. With the cut-off points, the multivariable analysis demonstrated that, for diabetic patients, LVH was significantly correlated with a sleep duration of 8 hours per day, hemoglobin, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and HDL-c. Conclusion. For patients with T2DM, long sleep duration (>8 hours per day), hemoglobin, BUN, and HDL-c were independently associated with LVH. This trial is registered with NCT03811470.
{"title":"Association between Sleep Duration and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","authors":"Lin Mu, Chao Li, Wenying Zhao, Aihua Li, Dong Zhao, Baoyu Zhang","doi":"10.1155/2023/5532778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/5532778","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Objective</i>. In this study, we aimed to estimate the impact of sleep duration on left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). <i>Methods</i>. Consecutive patients with T2DM undergoing transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) in our center from October 2017 to February 2021 were analyzed. The association of the risk of LVH in T2DM patients was evaluated using univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses. <i>Results</i>. This study finally included 2689 adult patients (mean age 51.8 ± 12.5 years, 56.2% men, mean sleep duration 7.6 ± 1.4 hours per day). Of all patients, 655 (24.4%) patients were diagnosed with LVH and 2034 did not have LVH. All patients were adults and were diagnosed with T2DM. In the univariate and multivariate regression analyses, gender, sleep duration, body mass index (BMI), waist, hemoglobin (Hb), blood creatinine (Cr), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) were associated with LVH. In the restricted cubic spline (RCS) model, the cut-off points of sleep duration given refer to the group of patients with T2DM and LVH were 8 hours per day. With the cut-off points, the multivariable analysis demonstrated that, for diabetic patients, LVH was significantly correlated with a sleep duration of 8 hours per day, hemoglobin, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and HDL-c. <i>Conclusion</i>. For patients with T2DM, long sleep duration (>8 hours per day), hemoglobin, BUN, and HDL-c were independently associated with LVH. This trial is registered with NCT03811470.","PeriodicalId":13966,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Endocrinology","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138515935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dong An, Rui Yang, Yuping Du, Xuan Wang, Ying Yang, Wenxing Guo, Junhong Yang, Dongmei Meng, Weiwei Gao, Jiayi Zhang, Wen Chen, Wanqi Zhang
Variations in different urinary measurements for evaluating iodine status are concerning to clinicians and researchers. The present study aimed to analyze the interindividual and intraindividual variations in the urinary iodine concentration (UIC) and urinary iodine/creatinine (UI/Cr) ratio and evaluate their application in assessing the iodine nutrition of preschool children. Four repeated spot urine samples were collected from 163 children at different times within one day. The urinary iodine concentration (UIC) and urinary creatinine concentration (UCr) were measured, and the UI/Cr ratio was calculated. The UIC ( < 0.001) and urinary iodine/creatinine ratio ( = 0.019) of multiple measurements were significantly different. The UIC of morning urine was highest (99.83 μg/L) and then gradually decreased with collection time ( < 0.001). In contrast, the UI/Cr ratio of morning urine samples increased with collection time. By computing the mean intraindividual and interindividual coefficients of variance (CV), the intraindividual variation of the UI/Cr ratio (68%) was significantly lower than that of the UIC (86%). Nevertheless, the interindividual variation was lowest in the UIC (78.62%) of morning urine. In addition, the UIC and UI/Cr ratio showed moderate correlations (r = 0.52, < 0.001), with kappa values of 0.42 in assessing iodine nutrition. The UIC of morning urine samples taken at 8:00–10:00 am was perhaps more stable and reliable in evaluating the iodine nutrition of preschool children at the population level. The UI/Cr ratio showed lower intraindividual variation and may be more suitable for assessing individual iodine nutrition.
{"title":"Variations in the Urinary Iodine Concentration and Urinary Iodine/Creatinine Ratio among Preschool Children","authors":"Dong An, Rui Yang, Yuping Du, Xuan Wang, Ying Yang, Wenxing Guo, Junhong Yang, Dongmei Meng, Weiwei Gao, Jiayi Zhang, Wen Chen, Wanqi Zhang","doi":"10.1155/2023/6779094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/6779094","url":null,"abstract":"Variations in different urinary measurements for evaluating iodine status are concerning to clinicians and researchers. The present study aimed to analyze the interindividual and intraindividual variations in the urinary iodine concentration (UIC) and urinary iodine/creatinine (UI/Cr) ratio and evaluate their application in assessing the iodine nutrition of preschool children. Four repeated spot urine samples were collected from 163 children at different times within one day. The urinary iodine concentration (UIC) and urinary creatinine concentration (UCr) were measured, and the UI/Cr ratio was calculated. The UIC (<svg height=\"8.68572pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.0498209pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -8.6359 8.15071 8.68572\" width=\"8.15071pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"></path></g></svg> < 0.001) and urinary iodine/creatinine ratio (<svg height=\"8.68572pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.0498209pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -8.6359 8.15071 8.68572\" width=\"8.15071pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-81\"></use></g></svg> = 0.019) of multiple measurements were significantly different. The UIC of morning urine was highest (99.83 <i>μ</i>g/L) and then gradually decreased with collection time (<svg height=\"8.68572pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.0498209pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -8.6359 8.15071 8.68572\" width=\"8.15071pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-81\"></use></g></svg> < 0.001). In contrast, the UI/Cr ratio of morning urine samples increased with collection time. By computing the mean intraindividual and interindividual coefficients of variance (CV), the intraindividual variation of the UI/Cr ratio (68%) was significantly lower than that of the UIC (86%). Nevertheless, the interindividual variation was lowest in the UIC (78.62%) of morning urine. In addition, the UIC and UI/Cr ratio showed moderate correlations (<i>r</i> = 0.52, <svg height=\"8.68572pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.0498209pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -8.6359 8.15071 8.68572\" width=\"8.15071pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-81\"></use></g></svg> < 0.001), with kappa values of 0.42 in assessing iodine nutrition. The UIC of morning urine samples taken at 8:00–10:00 am was perhaps more stable and reliable in evaluating the iodine nutrition of preschool children at the population level. The UI/Cr ratio showed lower intraindividual variation and may be more suitable for assessing individual iodine nutrition.","PeriodicalId":13966,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Endocrinology","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138515952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-15eCollection Date: 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1155/2023/9615294
Karima Rai, Joseph Park, Shamika Gokhale, Fatima Irshaidat, Gurdeep Singh
The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) is a standardized system which is used to classify results of thyroid fine-needle aspiration (FNA). This system is used to evaluate and determine which patients should get thyroid surgery. It was created in order to reduce the number of patients requiring surgery. The question remains as to whether this reporting system is accurate in determining those nodules that have malignant potential and those that do not. This study is a retrospective analysis of patients in one institution who have undergone FNA and then thyroid surgery based on TBSRTC. The outcome of the pathology reports after surgery was analyzed to determine the accuracy of TBSRTC in our institution (Lourdes Hospital, Binghamton, NY). The results from our institution were compared with similar studies in other institutions to determine accuracy and reproducibility. Our results indicated that the risk of malignancy in each Bethesda category was similar to the risk percentages described for most categories in the 2017 TBSRTC update.
{"title":"Diagnostic Accuracy of the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC): An Institution Experience.","authors":"Karima Rai, Joseph Park, Shamika Gokhale, Fatima Irshaidat, Gurdeep Singh","doi":"10.1155/2023/9615294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/9615294","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) is a standardized system which is used to classify results of thyroid fine-needle aspiration (FNA). This system is used to evaluate and determine which patients should get thyroid surgery. It was created in order to reduce the number of patients requiring surgery. The question remains as to whether this reporting system is accurate in determining those nodules that have malignant potential and those that do not. This study is a retrospective analysis of patients in one institution who have undergone FNA and then thyroid surgery based on TBSRTC. The outcome of the pathology reports after surgery was analyzed to determine the accuracy of TBSRTC in our institution (Lourdes Hospital, Binghamton, NY). The results from our institution were compared with similar studies in other institutions to determine accuracy and reproducibility. Our results indicated that the risk of malignancy in each Bethesda category was similar to the risk percentages described for most categories in the 2017 TBSRTC update.</p>","PeriodicalId":13966,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Endocrinology","volume":"2023 ","pages":"9615294"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10665099/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138459797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background. Mankind continues to suffer from the ever-growing diabetes epidemic and the rapid rise of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This metabolic disease has been studied since ancient civilizations. The Arabo-Islamic civilization excelled in establishing some of the most notable discoveries and teachings that remained the blueprint for years to come in the field of diabetology. Aim. This article aimed to review the ancient history of diabetes mellitus, with its main focus on the Arabo-Islamic civilization, and to report our subjective views and analysis of some of the past recommendations based on modern-day findings. Discussion. It is natural to have the teachings of medicine dynamically inspired by one civilization to another, as various fields continue to expand and evolve. This also applies to diabetology as the Arabo-Islamic world used the outlines of prior civilizations to revolutionize the understanding of the disease. Al-Razi and Ibn Sina are probably two of the most renowned polymaths in history, and their contributions to diabetology are well documented. Ibn Maymun’s postulation about the higher prevalence of diabetes in Egypt as compared to Andalusia is something to be carefully studied. It could be that diabetes mellitus’ underdiagnosis and late-stage detection are some of the major reasons for the disparity between the two mentioned regions. Modern-day Arabo-Islamic scholars continue to excel in revolutionizing diabetology. Conclusion. The Arabo-Islamic world houses an impressive bout of scholars who have contributed since the ancient times to diabetology. This scientific locomotion shows no signs of stopping, as it continues to shine during the present day, and likely in the future.
{"title":"Diabetes Mellitus across the Arabo-Islamic World: A Revolution","authors":"Mohamad Fleifel, Bassem Fleifel, Andrew El Alam","doi":"10.1155/2023/5541808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/5541808","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Mankind continues to suffer from the ever-growing diabetes epidemic and the rapid rise of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This metabolic disease has been studied since ancient civilizations. The Arabo-Islamic civilization excelled in establishing some of the most notable discoveries and teachings that remained the blueprint for years to come in the field of diabetology. Aim. This article aimed to review the ancient history of diabetes mellitus, with its main focus on the Arabo-Islamic civilization, and to report our subjective views and analysis of some of the past recommendations based on modern-day findings. Discussion. It is natural to have the teachings of medicine dynamically inspired by one civilization to another, as various fields continue to expand and evolve. This also applies to diabetology as the Arabo-Islamic world used the outlines of prior civilizations to revolutionize the understanding of the disease. Al-Razi and Ibn Sina are probably two of the most renowned polymaths in history, and their contributions to diabetology are well documented. Ibn Maymun’s postulation about the higher prevalence of diabetes in Egypt as compared to Andalusia is something to be carefully studied. It could be that diabetes mellitus’ underdiagnosis and late-stage detection are some of the major reasons for the disparity between the two mentioned regions. Modern-day Arabo-Islamic scholars continue to excel in revolutionizing diabetology. Conclusion. The Arabo-Islamic world houses an impressive bout of scholars who have contributed since the ancient times to diabetology. This scientific locomotion shows no signs of stopping, as it continues to shine during the present day, and likely in the future.","PeriodicalId":13966,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Endocrinology","volume":"85 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135092423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ruxue Li, Wuai Zhou, Xue Cai, Dan Luo, Huijing Zhang, Mingzi Li
Aims. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) affects approximately one-third of the global population. Visit-to-visit variability of blood pressure (VVV-BP) constitutes a substantial risk factor for numerous chronic conditions. Thus, this study aimed to assess the relationship between VVV-BP and MetS and identify potential moderating factors between these. Methods. Data were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, a nationally representative study. Multiple logistic regression analyses were utilized to explore the association between VVV-BP and MetS while incorporating moderation analyses. MetS was defined according to the criteria outlined in the Joint Interim Statement. VVV-BP was expressed by the standard deviation, coefficient of variation, average real variability, and root mean square error. Results. Individuals with the highest levels of VVV of systolic blood pressure (SBP) exhibited a 70% increased risk of MetS compared to those with the lowest levels (OR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.31–2.21). In addition, they had a 41% increased risk of VVV of diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (OR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.09–1.81). Notably, weight change status significantly influenced the relationship between VVV-BP and MetS (Pinteraction = 0.01). Conclusions. VVV-BP is a significant contributor to the risk of developing MetS. Importantly, individuals who experienced weight loss during the follow-up period did not face a significantly higher risk of developing MetS.
目标代谢综合征(MetS)影响着全球约三分之一的人口。访间血压变异性(VVV-BP)是许多慢性疾病的重要危险因素。因此，本研究旨在评估VVV-BP和MetS之间的关系，并确定两者之间潜在的调节因素。方法。数据来自中国健康与退休纵向研究，这是一项具有全国代表性的研究。采用多元逻辑回归分析探讨VVV-BP与MetS之间的关系，同时纳入适度分析。MetS是根据联合临时声明中概述的标准定义的。VVV-BP由标准差、变异系数、平均真实变异率和均方根误差表示。结果。收缩压(SBP) VVV水平最高的个体与最低水平的个体相比，met风险增加70% (OR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.31-2.21)。此外，他们有41%的风险增加VVV舒张压(DBP) (OR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.09-1.81)。体重变化状态显著影响VVV-BP与MetS的关系(p - interaction = 0.01)。结论。VVV-BP是发生met风险的重要因素。重要的是，在随访期间体重减轻的个体并没有面临明显更高的患MetS的风险。
{"title":"The Association between Visit-to-Visit Variability of Blood Pressure and the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome: The Moderating Effect of Weight","authors":"Ruxue Li, Wuai Zhou, Xue Cai, Dan Luo, Huijing Zhang, Mingzi Li","doi":"10.1155/2023/8156084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/8156084","url":null,"abstract":"Aims. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) affects approximately one-third of the global population. Visit-to-visit variability of blood pressure (VVV-BP) constitutes a substantial risk factor for numerous chronic conditions. Thus, this study aimed to assess the relationship between VVV-BP and MetS and identify potential moderating factors between these. Methods. Data were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, a nationally representative study. Multiple logistic regression analyses were utilized to explore the association between VVV-BP and MetS while incorporating moderation analyses. MetS was defined according to the criteria outlined in the Joint Interim Statement. VVV-BP was expressed by the standard deviation, coefficient of variation, average real variability, and root mean square error. Results. Individuals with the highest levels of VVV of systolic blood pressure (SBP) exhibited a 70% increased risk of MetS compared to those with the lowest levels (OR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.31–2.21). In addition, they had a 41% increased risk of VVV of diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (OR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.09–1.81). Notably, weight change status significantly influenced the relationship between VVV-BP and MetS (Pinteraction = 0.01). Conclusions. VVV-BP is a significant contributor to the risk of developing MetS. Importantly, individuals who experienced weight loss during the follow-up period did not face a significantly higher risk of developing MetS.","PeriodicalId":13966,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Endocrinology","volume":"BC-28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136234141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-17eCollection Date: 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1155/2023/4209369
Akif Mustafa, Chander Shekhar
Vitamin D deficiency is a serious issue in developing nations, including India. This study investigates the determinants of vitamin D deficiency among Indian adolescents and assesses their relative importance using dominance analysis. Data from the Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey (CNNS) conducted between 2016 and 2018 were utilized in this study. Vitamin D levels were assessed based on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration, with a sample size encompassing 13,065 adolescents aged between 10 and 19 years. Backward stepwise multivariate logistic regression was used to identify the correlates of vitamin D deficiency, and the relative importance of these factors was assessed using dominance analysis. The study identified nine predictors that were significantly associated with vitamin D deficiency at a 1% level of significance (α = 0.001). Among these factors, sex was found to be the most significant predictor, with female adolescents being 2.66 (95% CI: 95% CI: 2.39-2.96) times more likely to be vitamin D deficient compared to male adolescents. Lifestyle and behavioral factors, such as "sex," "wealth index," and "place of residence," were more dominant in predicting vitamin D deficiency than biological indicators like "BMI" and "serum creatinine." This underscores the vital role of sunlight exposure in maintaining sufficient vitamin D levels. In summary, this study sheds light on the multifaceted factors contributing to vitamin D deficiency among Indian adolescents, emphasizing the significance of targeted interventions and public health awareness campaigns to mitigate this pressing issue.
{"title":"Factors Associated with Vitamin D Deficiency and Their Relative Importance among Indian Adolescents: An Application of Dominance Analysis.","authors":"Akif Mustafa, Chander Shekhar","doi":"10.1155/2023/4209369","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2023/4209369","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vitamin D deficiency is a serious issue in developing nations, including India. This study investigates the determinants of vitamin D deficiency among Indian adolescents and assesses their relative importance using dominance analysis. Data from the Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey (CNNS) conducted between 2016 and 2018 were utilized in this study. Vitamin D levels were assessed based on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration, with a sample size encompassing 13,065 adolescents aged between 10 and 19 years. Backward stepwise multivariate logistic regression was used to identify the correlates of vitamin D deficiency, and the relative importance of these factors was assessed using dominance analysis. The study identified nine predictors that were significantly associated with vitamin D deficiency at a 1% level of significance (<i>α</i> = 0.001). Among these factors, sex was found to be the most significant predictor, with female adolescents being 2.66 (95% CI: 95% CI: 2.39-2.96) times more likely to be vitamin D deficient compared to male adolescents. Lifestyle and behavioral factors, such as \"sex,\" \"wealth index,\" and \"place of residence,\" were more dominant in predicting vitamin D deficiency than biological indicators like \"BMI\" and \"serum creatinine.\" This underscores the vital role of sunlight exposure in maintaining sufficient vitamin D levels. In summary, this study sheds light on the multifaceted factors contributing to vitamin D deficiency among Indian adolescents, emphasizing the significance of targeted interventions and public health awareness campaigns to mitigate this pressing issue.</p>","PeriodicalId":13966,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Endocrinology","volume":"2023 ","pages":"4209369"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10597726/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50161504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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