International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn concentrations in leather by ICP-MS: a multivariate analysis of an eco-friendly approach","authors":"Bernardo Otavio Germer, Fabiana Luvizon Germer, Bruno Luís Ferreira, Thebny Thaíse Moro, Tatiane de Andrade Maranhão, Eduardo Sidinei Chaves","doi":"10.1080/03067319.2023.2267976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03067319.2023.2267976","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTDue to the metal-complex dyes used in tannery industries, potentially toxic metals can be present in leather. However, publications regarding metal determination in leather are scarce, and most sample preparation procedures are still time-consuming. Therefore, a simple and straightforward sample preparation approach using ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was proposed for the determination of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in leather samples by ICP-MS. A full factorial design 23 was used to investigate the extraction conditions. Fitted conditions were obtained at a ratio of 100 mg: 1.0 mL (sample:HNO3 14.0 mol L−1), ultrasound-assisted extraction time of 55 min at 75 ± 3°C. The method´s accuracy was evaluated through the comparison of results with those obtained using microwave-assisted digestion (MWAD) approach. The UAE results were statistically similar to the MWAD, according to the Student t-test (α = 0.05) and linear regression analysis. Limits of detection (LOD), at mg kg−1 range, and method precision (RSD <11%) were suitable for the analytes´ determination in leather. The proposed method was successfully applied to analyse 18 different leather samples. The results were < 0.3 to 53.19 mg kg−1 for Cd, <0.2 to 484.61 mg kg−1 for Cu, <0.02 to 211.31 mg kg−1 for Pb and < 0.02 to 379.22 mg kg−1 for Zn, respectively. The proposed method is simple and faster than the traditional acid digestion sample preparation. Moreover, according to green analytical chemistry, the method scored 82 points on the Eco-Scale, confirming the proposed method as environmentally friendly.KEYWORDS: Leathermetalsmultivariate analysisultrasound-assisted extraction AcknowledgmentsThe authors are thankful to Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) for their financial support. B.O.G, B.L.F and T.T.M have scholarships from CNPq, and F.L.G has a scholarship from CAPES. E.S.C. has a research scholarship from CNPq. The authors are also thankful to Flaticon (https://www.flaticon.com) and Canva (https://www.canva.com) for the icons used in the Figures.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.Data availability statementAll data generated or analysed during this study are included in this article.Additional informationFundingThis work was funded by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico – CNPq [Grant ID: 421245/2018-2].","PeriodicalId":13973,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry","volume":"37 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135366738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adsorption of Cd ²⁺ from aqueous solution onto composites based on powdered activated carbon and Maghnia clay adsorbents: experimental design, kinetic, equilibrium and thermodynamic study","authors":"Souhila Ait Hamoudi, Loubna Nouri, Nedjma Khelifa, Sabra Hemidouche, Aissa Khelifi, Amel Boudjemaa, Khaldoun Bachari","doi":"10.1080/03067319.2023.2267450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03067319.2023.2267450","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTCadmium and other heavy metals in landfills pose significant health and environmental risks due to their leaching potential into soil and groundwater when in contact with water or moisture. In this study, we synthesised two composites, composite I (C(I)) and composite II (C(II)), using Algerian clay and coconut shell-derived activated carbon. These composites are intended for controlled landfill waste management. The components are mixed at varying mass percentages, effectively adsorbing cadmium (Cd2+) from aqueous solutions. We conducted a parametric adsorption study using an experimental design. Cd2+ removal is more effective with composite C(II), reaching a Qmax of 163 mg.g−1 and an improved R of 59% at 25°C, while C(I) achieves a Qmax of 131 mg.g−1 and an R of 47%. The pH study indicated significant adsorption in the pH range [6–8]. The experiment utilised a screening design to optimise Cd2+ adsorption and establish the response surface. The coded variable Xi ranged from −1 (low) to + 1 (high) such as pH (X1: 2–6), temperature (X2: 25–45°C), composite mass (X3: 0.5–2.5 g.L−1), stirring speed (X4: 20–180 Oscillation/min), equilibrium time (X5: 60–120 min), and initial solution concentration (X6: 25–225 mg.L−1). The optimal values for X1, X4, and X6 were found to be 6, 180 Oscillation/min, and 185 mg.L−1, respectively.KEYWORDS: Heavy metal removalsoil remediationenvironmental contaminantssustainable materialsscreening design Author contributionS.AIT HAMOUDI performed the experiment, discussed the results, and prepared the manuscript. L.NOURI and S.HEMIDOUCHE discussed the results and prepared the experimental design. N.KHELIFA discussed the results. A.KHELIFI, A.BOUDJEMAA, K.BACHARI. Funding and supervision and corrected the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Supplementary dataSupplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/03067319.2023.2267450.","PeriodicalId":13973,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry","volume":"2002 36","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135413356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient removal of amoxycillin antibiotics onto magnetic graphene oxide: adsorption performance, mechanism, and regeneration exploration","authors":"Sulieman Ibraheem Shelash Al-Ha-Wary, Reena Gupta, I. B. Sapaev, Khulood H. Oudaha, Mays Jassim Abdalkareem, Ali Alsalamy, Ahmed Hussien Radie Alawadi, Fatemeh Zisti, Hossein Moein, Davoud Balarak","doi":"10.1080/03067319.2023.2266698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03067319.2023.2266698","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe present study was done to synthesise an adsorbent, i.e. magnetic graphene oxide (MGO) nanocomposite, which was performed based on a facile precipitation method and was utilised in experiments for removing amoxycillin (AMX). The characteristics of the prepared adsorbent were defined based on commonly utilised analyses (SEM, XRD, BET, TEM, FTIR, VSM, and pHpzc). According to kinetic studies, the PSO model was found as an applicable model for describing data. Moreover, the two-step diffusion process, i.e. diffusion in the boundary layer and the porous structures, was perceived for the evaluated process based on the IPD model. The isotherm models, including Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and D–R, were employed for fitting data and calculating AMX adsorption capacity, among which Langmuir was the best one; using this model, the maximum adsorption capacities for MGO were 91.4, 103.9, 112.3, and 122.5 mg/g, which were achieved at 20, 30, 40, and 50°C. In addition, a feasible, spontaneous, and endothermic process was found for the adsorption of AMX ions, according to thermodynamic studies. The highest percentage of removal (100%) was obtained for the initial concentration of 25 mg/L at 50°C using the adsorbent dose of 1.5 g/L at a pH of 5 and a contact time of 90 min. The values of 74.4 m2/g and 27.74 emu/g were detected for the specific surface area and saturation magnetisation values of the MGO, respectively. The overall results were representative of the suitability of the MGO as an adsorbent for removing AMX from aqueous media.KEYWORDS: Amoxycillinmagnetic graphene oxideadsorption isothermadsorption kineticsthermodynamic AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank Zahedan University of Medical Sciences for financial support and assistance in performing the experimental work of this research (code: 10490).Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).","PeriodicalId":13973,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136034545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of microplastic contamination in table salts in Padang City, Indonesia, and control strategies for choosing healthy salt","authors":"Deswati Deswati, Buty Kurnia Hamzani, Yulizar Yusuf, Wiya Elsa Fitri, Adewirli Putra","doi":"10.1080/03067319.2023.2268523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03067319.2023.2268523","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to observe the shape, colour, size, type of polymer, and abundance of MPs in various brands of salt commonly consumed by people in the city of Padang, Indonesia. A 50 g salt sample was digested using 30% hydrogen peroxide at 60°C for 30 minutes to degrade organic contaminants. Samples from nine brands of sea salt and one brand of mountain salt investigated were found to be contaminated with MPs with an abundance of MPs (microplastics) ranging from 30 ± 10 to 510 ± 10 particles kg−1. The most dominant shapes, colours, and sizes found were fragments (73%), black (44%), and sizes 101–300 µm (27%). The results of this study can be used as information to help develop effective control of MP pollution and as reference data for issuing policies related to quality parameters for limiting MP content in salt products. It is therefore important to choose healthy salt, that has minimal MP contamination to reduce MP exposure.KEYWORDS: Microplastics (MPs)MPs pollution controlpolymer typesalt contaminationsalt quality Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).","PeriodicalId":13973,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry","volume":"184 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136142094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pb(II) removal using calcium silicates synthesised from industrial wastes: process optimisation and kinetic modelling","authors":"T. Aravind Kumar, P. Hari Prasad Reddy","doi":"10.1080/03067319.2023.2264202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03067319.2023.2264202","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThis study investigates the potential of calcium silicates (CS) synthesised from granite and marble waste as an adsorbent for sustainable waste management. A simple and chemical-free synthesis method was adopted in the preparation of CS. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, zeta potential and particle size distribution techniques were used for the characterisation of CS. As Pb(II) and its derivatives from various industrial effluents exercise significant negative impact on the environment and human health, an attempt was made to remove Pb(II) by adsorption process. Batch experiments were conducted to evaluate the feasibility of removal of pb(II) using CS. The zeta potential value of −83.7 mV and the mean particle size of 916 nm for the prepared CS can enhance adsorption process. The analysis of various adsorption kinetic models reveals that pseudo second order kinetic model exhibited a favourable level of agreement with kinetic data (R2 = 0.999). Response surface methodology utilising central composite design was employed to evaluate various process parameters, such as initial Pb(II) concentration, pH, adsorbent dosage and sonication time on adsorption process. Results from 30 experimental runs performed in accordance with model recommendations concluded that the effect of selected parameters with an R2 value of 0.937 was adequate for the current study. In order to assess the goodness of fit and statistical significance of the model’s performance, ANOVA and Lack of Fit (LOF) tests were conducted. The findings show that Pb(II) can be easily removed from the aqueous solutions using CS as an adsorbent under optimal experimental conditions of 100 mg/l Pb(II) initial concentration, 2 g/l adsorbent dosage, pH of 8 and a sonication time of 45 min.KEYWORDS: Adsorptioncalcium silicatekinetic studiesleadoptimization AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank Dr M Raja Vishwanathan, Associate Professor, Humanities and Social Science, National Institute of technology, Warangal for proofreading the manuscript.Author contributionT Aravind Kumar: Conceptualization, Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft. P Hari Prasad Reddy: Supervision, Project administration, Resources, Writing – review & editing.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Data availability statementThe authors declare that the relevant data supporting the findings of the study are available in the article and supplementary data.Additional informationFundingThe authors reported that there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.","PeriodicalId":13973,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136142510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing radioactivity and hazards: analysis of soil, water, and coal samples near a coal-fired thermal power plant and their implications for human health and the environment","authors":"S. Yeasmin, S. K. Das, M. M. Mahfuz Siraz, M. S. Rahman","doi":"10.1080/03067319.2023.2267995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03067319.2023.2267995","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe combustion of coal poses significant risks, increasing the radioactive burden on the atmosphere and affecting the health of individuals near coal mines and coal-fired thermal power plants (CFTPPs). A detailed study was conducted within a 3 km radius surrounding the site of Barapukuria Coal Mine Company Limited (BCMCL), Bangladesh’s premier operational coal-fired thermal power plant, during which 50 soil samples, 50 water samples, and 21 coal samples were collected from a variety of locations inside and beyond the BCMCL boundaries, and these samples were then analysed for radioactivity using a high-purity germanium detector. The range of activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K in the studied soil, water and coal samples were 24–47, 30–76, and 340–570 Bqkg−1; 1.6–2.9, 1.1–3.8, and 53–92 Bqkg−1; 19–57, 20–97, and 78–170 Bqkg−1 respectively. The majority of hazard indices, including absorbed dose rate, gamma index, effective dose, and excess lifetime cancer risk, associated with soil samples were higher than the world average. This indicates that long-term exposure to terrestrial ionising radiation is unsafe for coal miners and the local community. The quantitative measurements of this study have important implications for planning larger and more modern coal-fired power plants. Additionally, the study’s results underscore the need for municipal officials to impose restrictions and closely monitor the release of fly ash in the vicinity of coal-fired power plants. Furthermore, there is a crucial need to monitor the health of workers and locals living near the power plant to safeguard against potential health risks.KEYWORDS: Coal-fired power plantsoilnatural radioactivityHPGehazard parameters Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Author contributionsAll authors contributed to the study’s conception and design. [Selina Yeasmin] collected the samples that were studied in the research. [M.M. Mahfuz Siraz] performed sample measurement and data analysis. [Selina Yeasmin] and [M.M. Mahfuz Siraz] prepared the first draft of the manuscript. The research was carried out under the keen supervision of [M.S. Rahman] and [S.K. Das]. The final manuscript has been read and approved by all authors.Consent to participateNo humans or experimental animals were subjects in this research.Consent to publishAll authors have consented to publish the results of the research.Data availability statementAll data and materials from which the study results have been derived are available and can be provided upon request.Ethical approvalWe declare that the manuscript complies with all the ethical standards that need to be met and follows all the rules of good scientific practice.Additional informationFundingThe authors declare that no funds, grants, or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript.","PeriodicalId":13973,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136142891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative study on the role of single- and double-cathode in electro-Fenton process for treatment of Reactive Orange 16 dye bearing wastewaters","authors":"Imran Ahmad, Debolina Basu","doi":"10.1080/03067319.2023.2264786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03067319.2023.2264786","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe study presents the single- and dual-cathode electro-Fenton (DCEF) treatment of the Reactive Orange 16 (RO16) azo dye-bearing synthetic wastewater. Initially, the effect of operational parameters, i.e. initial [RO16] dye, [Fe+2] iron catalyst, [NaCl] electrolyte, operational pH, and current density (ρ), on the performance of the electro-Fenton (EF) process was evaluated with the application of low-cost stainless steel (SS) electrodes. At the optimum condition ([RO16] = 150 mg/L, [Fe+2] = 0.4 mM/L, [NaCl] = 0.4 M/L, pH = 3.5, ρ = 20 mA/cm2), with a total electrolysis time of 40 min, the colour (RD) and COD (RC) removals were observed to be 92.023% and 83.344%, respectively. Further, the process was upgraded by providing an additional activated graphite plate (AGP) cathode (dual cathodes), and the results indicated a significant reduction (40 min to 25 min) in the electrolysis time, with a drop in electrical energy (2.51 kW/m3 to 1.47 kW/m3). This consequently reduced the operational cost ($3.42/m3 to $1.23/m3) of the lab-scale DCEF process. The XPS analysis showed enhancement in H2O2 concentration at the surface of the additional AGP cathode. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) test confirmed the complete mineralisation of RO16 dye and the formation of intermediate products. The insight mechanism of the conventional and upgraded processes was also explored for the generated sludge and formed products using FTIR and quantum chemical (QC) analysis. The results showed that the DCEF process was highly efficient, low-cost, and an environmentally compatible technology for the treatment of dye-bearing industrial effluents.KEYWORDS: Electro-Fenton processdouble-cathode applicationactivated graphite plateXPS-analysiscyclic voltammetryquantum chemistry AcknowledgmentsThe authors appreciate the Civil Engineering Department, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, for providing the laboratory facility.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Authors’ contributionsImran Ahmad: Conceptualisation, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Software, Validation, Visualisation, Writing – Original draft. Debolina Basu: Conceptualisation, Supervision, Reviewing, and Editing.Data availability statementAll data generated or analysed in the current study are included in the manuscript.","PeriodicalId":13973,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry","volume":"143 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135759665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Removal of Th(IV) from groundwater by adsorption onto nano-Kaolin and nano-Kaolin/MnFe ₂ O ₄ composite","authors":"Jaafar Jaaferh, Fawwaz I. Khalili, Ahmad S. Masadeh","doi":"10.1080/03067319.2023.2263385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03067319.2023.2263385","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe adsorption of Th(IV) ions by nano-Kaolin and nano-Kaolin/MnFe2O4 composite were studied as a function of pH, sorbent mass, time, and temperature. Kinetic data was fitted to pseudo second-order model, and the maximum value of the adsorption capacity of the monolayer (qm) for nano-Kaolin and nano-Kaolin/MnFe2O4 was at pH 3. The Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm equations were fitted to the adsorption data and the proper constants were calculated. From adsorption isotherms at different temperatures, ΔH° (endothermic), ΔG° (favourable), and ΔS° (positive) were calculated.KEYWORDS: Adsorptionmanganese ferritenano-Kaolin (R)nano-Kaolin/MnFe2O4 (RC)U(VI)Th(IV) Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).","PeriodicalId":13973,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135146648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One-pot/one-step synthesis of Bi ₂ O ₃ /ZnO/Pd nanocomposite for preconcentration and determination of some heavy metal ions in different samples","authors":"Hamidreza Haghgoo Qezelje, Maryam Rajabi, Alireza Shirmahi, Sayeh Ghanbari-Adivi, Ahmad Hosseini-Bandegharaei, Alireza Asghari, Yasaman Sedaghat, Mohammad Bazregar, Fatemeh Memarian","doi":"10.1080/03067319.2023.2262393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03067319.2023.2262393","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTIn this contribution, a new green eco-friendly synthesised nanocomposite (Bi2O3/ZnO/Pd) was fabricated by one-pot/one-step method, using ultrasonic waves. The nanocomposite was used for pre-concentration of some heavy metals, i.e. cadmium (II), lead (II), and copper (II), exploiting ultrasound-assisted dispersive micro solid phase extraction (UA-D-μ-SPE) method, before their determination by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS). The adsorbent synthesis was confirmed by XRD, SEM, BET, TEM, EDS, and TGA analyses. The central composite design (CCD) method was employed to optimise various parameters affecting the extraction of heavy metals. The effective parameters in the adsorption process, viz. the amount of adsorbent (16 mg), pH of the sample solution (6.2), and adsorption time (4 min), were optimised. The type and the concentration of eluting agent (HCl solution) was investigated as one parameter at a time. Impressive parameters in the desorption stage such as the volume and concentration of eluting solution (400 μL of 0.8 mol L−1 HCl) and desorption time (2.5 min) were optimised. In the best extraction conditions for cadmium (II), lead (II), and copper (II), the limits of detection (LODs) were 0.75, 2.1, and 0.90 ng mL−1; the limits of quantification (LOQs) were 2.5, 7.0, and 3.0 ng mL−1; the linear dynamic ranges (LDRs) were 2.5–100, 7.0–600, and 3.0–250 ng mL−1; preconcentration factors (PF) were 24.10, 25.20, and 25.39; and the relative standard deviations (RSDs%) were 3.7, 4.1, and 3.8 (n = 5), respectively. Additionally, the adsorbent had the ability to extract metals up to 8 times without a significant decrease in the extraction percentages. The adsorbent was successfully used in the determination of cadmium (II), lead (II), and copper (II) ions in different food, biological, cosmetic, and water samples.KEYWORDS: Bi2O3/ZnO/Pdheavy metal ionsUA-D-μ-SPEFAASfood sampleswater samples Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Data availability statementThe data will be made available upon request.Supplementary materialSupplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/03067319.2023.2262393.Additional informationFundingWe want to take this opportunity to appreciate the support of Semnan University’s Chemistry Faculty for supporting this work [Grant 1671110].","PeriodicalId":13973,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135141954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of organochlorine pesticides in contaminated soil by GC-MS/MS using accelerated solvent extraction as a green sample preparation","authors":"Nam Vu-Duc, Thuy Minh-Le, Xuyen Nguyen-Thi, Cam Tu Vu, Van-Hoi Bui, Hong An Vu-Thi, Dinh Binh Chu","doi":"10.1080/03067319.2023.2264191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03067319.2023.2264191","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTOrganochlorine pesticides (OCPs), persistent organic pollutants, in the contaminated soil have been analysed by a gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (MS) in this work. OCPs were extracted with a mixture of dichloromethane and n-hexane by using accelerated solvent extraction at elevated temperature and high pressure. The extractant was concentrated by a rotary vacuum evaporator and cleaned up by silica gel solid phase extraction. OCPs were then separated by a gas chromatography in combination with an electron impact ionisation MS in MS/MS mode. The limit of detection, limit of quantification and other important parameters of the GC-EI-MS/MS analytical method, such as repeatability, recovery and so on, have been investigated and presented. Limit of detection and limit of quantification have been achieved from 0.005 ng g−1 (p,p’-DDE) to 0.405 ng g−1 (dieldrin) and 0.016 ng g−1 to 1.216 ng g−1, respectively. The repeatability of this method was achieved below 8.3% and 13.7% for short- and long-term stability. Recovery of all OCPs ranged from 78.1% ± 1.5% to 117.5% ± 3.2%. The developed analytical method was validated by spiking experiments in the real samples. The validated method has been then used for the analysis of OCPs in the soil samples that were collected from the contaminated areas in Vietnam. Results showed the presence of hexachlorocyclohexane isomers and p-p’-DDT in all analysed samples at elevated levels.KEYWORDS: Organochlorine pesticidesGC-MS/MScontaminated soil samplesaccelerated solvent extractionsilica gel clean-up Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThis research is funded by the National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (Nafosted) under the grant number [104.04-2018.331].","PeriodicalId":13973,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry","volume":"394 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135094551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}