International Journal of Mental Health Nursing最新文献

Patients with long-term disease experience low resilience, emphasising the importance of psychological interventions to improve resilience. However, there is no comprehensive evidence on the efficacy of resilience-related psychological interventions (RRPIs) in this population. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate and extend knowledge from previous meta-analyses on the efficacy of RRPIs on resilience, stress, anxiety, depression and quality of life among patients with long-term disease. Cochrane Library, Embase, Ovid-MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and CINAHL electronic databases were searched until 3 February 2023. The pooled effect size of the efficacy of RRPIs was calculated using the Hedges' g (g) with random-effects model, while Cochrane Q-statistics and I² tests assessed heterogeneity in Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 3.0 software. The Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 tool evaluated the quality of studies. Moderator analysis was used to explore sources of heterogeneity. Twenty randomised controlled trial studies were identified, representing a total of 1388 individuals with long-term disease. RRPIs significantly enhance resilience (g = 0.79), alleviate stress (g = −0.78), decrease anxiety (g = −1.14), mitigate depression (g = −0.96) and improve quality of life (g = 0.48). Positive psychology, mindfulness, cognitive behavioural therapy, acceptance and commitment-based intervention exhibited medium effects in strengthening resilience. Short-term effects of RRPIs on enhancing resilience were observed at 3-month follow-up period (g = 0.50). The incorporation of RRPIs into the management of patients with long-term disease shows a positive impact on their resilience, stress, anxiety, depression and quality of life. The results offer an evidence-based foundation for nurses in promoting resilience among patients with long-term disease.

Given the frequent exposure of humanitarian migrants to traumatic or stressful circumstances, there exists a potential predisposition to mental illness. Our objective was to pinpoint the trends and determinants of mental illness among humanitarian migrants resettled in Australia. This study considered five waves of longitudinal data involving humanitarian migrants resettled in Australia. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and psychological distress were assessed using PTSD-8 and Kessler-6 screening tools. Through a Generalised Linear Mixed model (GLMM), variables displaying a 95% CI that excluded the value of 1.0 for the odds ratio were identified as associated factors for both PTSD and elevated psychological distress. The selection of multivariable covariates was guided by causal loop diagrams and least absolute shrinkage and selection operators methods. At baseline, there were 2399 humanitarian migrants with 1881 retained and at the fifth yearly wave; the response rate was 78.4%. PTSD prevalence decreased from 33.3% (95% CI: 31.4–35.3) at baseline to 28.3% (95% CI: 26.2–30.5) at year 5. Elevated psychological distress persisted across all waves: 17.1% (95% CI: 15.5–18.6) at baseline and 17.1% (95% CI: 15.3–18.9) at year 5. Across the five waves, 34.0% of humanitarian migrants met screening criteria for mental illness, either PTSD or elevated psychological distress. In the multivariate model, factors associated with PTSD were loneliness (AOR 1.5, 95% CI: 1.3–1.8), discrimination (AOR 1.6: 1.2–2.1), temporary housing contract (AOR 3.7: 2.1–6.7), financial hardship (AOR 2.2:1.4–3.6) and chronic health conditions (AOR 1.3: 1.1–1.5), whereas the associated factors for elevated psychological distress were loneliness (AOR 1.8: 1.5–2.2), discrimination (AOR 1.7: 1.3–2.2) and short-term lease housing (AOR 1.6: 1.0–1.7). The prevalence, persistence and consequential burden of mental illness within this demographic underscore the urgent need for targeted social and healthcare policies. These policies should aim to mitigate modifiable risk factors, thereby alleviating the significant impact of mental health challenges on this population.

Seclusion is a form of restraint practised in mental health services world-wide, and has been criticised as unethical and traumatising to patients. Several countries have committed to reducing or eliminating seclusion. In New Zealand, there has been a focus on reducing seclusion of the indigenous Māori population, who experience particularly high rates. Nurses typically lead decisions to place patients in seclusion and their attitudes towards seclusion likely influence this process. This study aimed to address the primary question: what are the attitudes of registered nurses towards the use of seclusion? A mixed methods pragmatic approach was used involving qualitative interviews of nurses working in a high seclusion mental health ward located in the North Island of New Zealand, and a quantitative analysis of the seclusion data from this ward. This report is adherent with COREQ and STROBE. Thirteen nurses were interviewed and four main themes were identified: seclusion is necessary; seclusion is being used unnecessarily; nurse characteristics influence the use of seclusion; nurses perceived their ward culture to be improving in the use of seclusion. However, analysis of seclusion data indicated that rates had been increasing for this ward prior to this study, and the rates for indigenous Māori patients were especially elevated. This pattern of increasing rates was congruent with the ‘supportive’ attitudes of nurses towards seclusion. Interestingly, during the time of this study, the seclusion rates began to decline, including for Māori patients. This decline may have been partially due to the increased awareness prompted by the study.

Mental health problems in nurses are prevalent and impairing. To date, no literature has comprehensively synthesised cohort evidence on mental health among nurses. This scoping review aimed to synthesise the existing literature on the risk factors and consequences of mental health problems in nurses. A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, EMBASE, Epistemonikos database, Web of Science, CINAHL, and PsycINFO from inception to March 2023. We identified 171 cohort studies from 16 countries, mostly (95.3%) from high-income economies. This review indicated that nurses worldwide encountered significant mental health challenges, including depression, cognitive impairment, anxiety, trauma/post-traumatic stress disorder, burnout, sleep disorder, and other negative mental health problems. These problems were closely related to various modifiable risk factors such as nurses' behaviours and lifestyles, social support, workplace bullying and violence, shift work, job demands, and job resources. Moreover, nurses' mental health problems have negative effects on their physical health, behaviour and lifestyle, occupation and organisation, and intrapersonal factors. These findings provided an enhanced understanding of mental health complexities among nurses, and shed light on policy enactment to alleviate the negative impact of mental health problems on nurses. Addressing mental health among nurses should be a top priority.

Depression constitutes a pervasive global mental health concern and stands as a principal determinant of elevated suicide rates worldwide. Recent empirical investigations have showcased the significant potential of visual art therapy (VAT) in ameliorating symptoms among individuals with depression. Nevertheless, specific studies have yielded findings marked by inconclusiveness, underscoring the imperative need for further research to comprehensively establish its efficacy. This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis of extant research, to ascertain the efficacy and effect size of VAT as an intervention for adults with depressive symptoms. A comprehensive search was conducted across 10 databases. The search encompassed articles published from the inception of these databases up until October 18, 2023. Two researchers screened the literature in accordance with inclusion and exclusion criteria and performed a thorough quality assessment. The original data and the data obtained from the literature were extracted for further analysis. The statistical analysis of the data was performed using Stata 17.0 software. fifteen studies were included, encompassing a total of 932 participants. The outcomes of meta-analysis unveiled a statistically significant effect of VAT in diminishing depressive symptoms among adults (SMD = −0.73; 95% CI, −1.07 to −0.39; p < 0.001; 15 randomised controlled trials (RCTs); low-quality evidence). The subgroup analysis indicated that VAT exhibited heightened effectiveness among adults below 65 years of age, with interventions lasting ≤12 weeks demonstrating superior efficacy. Additionally, sensitivity analysis underscored the robustness and reliability of the findings. VAT appears to alleviate depressive symptoms among adults. Existing research indicates that the effectiveness of VAT is influenced by factors, such as intervention population characteristics and intervention duration. However, to comprehensively probe the efficacy of VAT, future studies should strive for larger sample sizes, multicentre collaborations, and long-term follow-ups.

To determine whether smoking prevalence in first-episode psychosis (FEP) is different than in people with established psychosis in long-term treatment. A systematic review of cross-sectional, case–control and cohort studies identified from searches of PubMed, Embase, CINAHL and PsycINFO up to 12 August 2023. 20 studies out of 2773 screened titles were included. There was no clear pattern of smoking by diagnosis as smoking rates in people with FEP ranged from 43% to 78%, while in those with established psychosis, it ranged from 19% to 76%. The wide range of smoking levels in both populations precluded conclusions as to whether smoking rates are different between people with FEP and established psychosis suggesting that factors other than the time course of the illness influence smoking levels.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on the mental health of healthcare workers participating in the prevention and control of the pandemic, thereby reducing their quality of life and affecting the quality of patient outcomes. This study aims to explore and deeply understand the mental health problems among healthcare workers participating in the prevention and control of COVID-19 in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. A mixed methods study was undertaken with a descriptive cross-sectional survey of 2870 healthcare workers who have been participating in the prevention and control of COVID-19 in Ho Chi Minh City in 2021, followed by a qualitative descriptive phenomenological study comprised of in-depth interviews with a purposively sampled subset of 40 healthcare workers. Results showed that of the 2870 survey participants, the majority (60.6%) were female, and the average age was 35.1 (SD = 8.6). The prevalence of stress, anxiety and depression was 17.2%, 20.8%, and 17.6%, respectively. The findings from in-depth interviews revealed that the participants were under extreme mental health issues such as worries, stress, and negative emotions. The worrying was related to risk of infection, being shunned, stigmatised, or assaulted by the community. Stress was due to excessive pressure from work. Negative emotions were identified as sadness, self-pity, feelings of loneliness, entrusting fate, feelings of guilt, anxiety, confusion, obsession, disorientation, physical and mental exhaustion. Promoting mental health among healthcare workers who participated in the crisis is necessary and urgent.

The research employs a single embodied case study design with the aim to examine the discourse of men accessing and receiving mental health support alongside those who are the providers of the support. Three groups of adults were interviewed: men who had experienced mental health problems and had attempted to access mental health support; lay people who supported them, such as partners and non-mental health professionals and professionals, such as mental health nurses, social workers, clinical psychologists and general practitioners. Critical discourse analysis (CDA) is used to identify discourses around three emergent themes: well-being, power and dominance and social capital. Participants seeking mental health support often referred to mental health services as not listening or that what was offered was not useful. A lack of belonging and community disconnectedness was apparent throughout all participant interviews. The study is reported according to the COREQ guidelines.

The use of information and communication technologies (ICT) is a huge part of adolescents' lives, especially by those living with a mental illness. However, very few studies explore their experience with the use of ICT and how it affects their health. The purpose of this study was to better understand the use of ICT by adolescents living with a mental illness. A scoping review was undertaken using Arksey and O'Malley's method to explore this understudied topic. The following databases were searched: Medline, CINAHL and Psychology and Behavioural Sciences Collection. Studies published between 2017 and 2022 were included. Data were analysed using a data extraction and an analysis grid developed by the research team. Of 1984 articles, only seven met the inclusion criteria. These articles allowed for a better understanding of the type of mental illness these young ICT users had, the type of ICT they use and their overall experience using ICT. The diagnoses most associated with the use of these ICT were suicidal ideation, depression, anxiety and eating illnesss. Types of ICT used were very diverse and adolescents had both positive and negative experiences using these ICT. Very few interventions using ICT were developed according to the needs of adolescents with mental illness. These adolescents often cope with the help of ICT and can have an overall positive experience. Their experience can also be negative as some of them were exposed to suicide-related and violent content. Future research is needed to better understand the best ICT interventions for these young people.