Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.33545/26638266.2022.v4.i2a.118
Y. Indraja, A. Tasneem, F. Jafar, B. Shraavya, Vittal I Nayak, Faiza Syed
Background & Objectives: Pterygium is a fibrovascular degeneration of the conjunctiva. Ocular surface squamous neoplasia encompasses a wide spectrum of dysplastic changes including corneal and conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia and squamous cell carcinoma. They both share common risk factors and can coexist concomitantly. This study aims to determine the association between OSSN and pterygium which will help to improve the management of pterygia cases with or without OSSN. Methods: This interventional prospective study has evaluated histopathological changes of excised pterygia of 51 patients (52 eyes) over a period of 14 months attending the outpatient department of Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bangalore. Results: The prevalence of OSSN coexistent with pterygium was found to be 1.92% and that of dysplasia was 9.61%. Also, these patients were found to have risk factors for malignancy like old age, smoking, recurrent pterygium, actinic keratosis. Interpretation and Conclusion: All cases of pterygium, especially those with risk factors need histopathological examination after surgical excision without fail. These pterygia need to be screened for dysplasia, metaplasia, anaplasia, ocular surface squamous neoplasia and to be managed accordingly. Chemotherapy with MMC, 5 FU if dysplastic cells are present. Immunotherapy with Interferon alpha 2b, excision with no touch technique and 4-5mm free margins excision around lesion and alcohol epitheliectomy and application of cryotherapy to surgical margins for OSSN is ideal treatment of cases with risk factor.
{"title":"A study on the association of ocular surface squamous neoplasia with pterygium","authors":"Y. Indraja, A. Tasneem, F. Jafar, B. Shraavya, Vittal I Nayak, Faiza Syed","doi":"10.33545/26638266.2022.v4.i2a.118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26638266.2022.v4.i2a.118","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Objectives: Pterygium is a fibrovascular degeneration of the conjunctiva. Ocular surface squamous neoplasia encompasses a wide spectrum of dysplastic changes including corneal and conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia and squamous cell carcinoma. They both share common risk factors and can coexist concomitantly. This study aims to determine the association between OSSN and pterygium which will help to improve the management of pterygia cases with or without OSSN. Methods: This interventional prospective study has evaluated histopathological changes of excised pterygia of 51 patients (52 eyes) over a period of 14 months attending the outpatient department of Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bangalore. Results: The prevalence of OSSN coexistent with pterygium was found to be 1.92% and that of dysplasia was 9.61%. Also, these patients were found to have risk factors for malignancy like old age, smoking, recurrent pterygium, actinic keratosis. Interpretation and Conclusion: All cases of pterygium, especially those with risk factors need histopathological examination after surgical excision without fail. These pterygia need to be screened for dysplasia, metaplasia, anaplasia, ocular surface squamous neoplasia and to be managed accordingly. Chemotherapy with MMC, 5 FU if dysplastic cells are present. Immunotherapy with Interferon alpha 2b, excision with no touch technique and 4-5mm free margins excision around lesion and alcohol epitheliectomy and application of cryotherapy to surgical margins for OSSN is ideal treatment of cases with risk factor.","PeriodicalId":14021,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90556455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.33545/26638266.2022.v4.i2a.126
Dr. Shalu Gupta, Dr. Mohammad Shahid Khan
Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome is primarily an eye disorder, although it can also affect other parts of the body. This condition is characterized by abnormalities of the front part of the eye, an area known as the anterior segment. For example, the colored part of the eye ( the iris), may be thin or poorly developed. The iris normally has a single central hole, called the pupil, through which light enters the eye. People with Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome often have a pupil that is off-center (corectopia) or extra holes in the iris that can look like multiple pupils (polycoria). This condition can also cause abnormalities of the cornea, which is the clear front covering of the eye.
{"title":"Axenfeld-rieger syndrome: A case report","authors":"Dr. Shalu Gupta, Dr. Mohammad Shahid Khan","doi":"10.33545/26638266.2022.v4.i2a.126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26638266.2022.v4.i2a.126","url":null,"abstract":"Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome is primarily an eye disorder, although it can also affect other parts of the body. This condition is characterized by abnormalities of the front part of the eye, an area known as the anterior segment. For example, the colored part of the eye ( the iris), may be thin or poorly developed. The iris normally has a single central hole, called the pupil, through which light enters the eye. People with Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome often have a pupil that is off-center (corectopia) or extra holes in the iris that can look like multiple pupils (polycoria). This condition can also cause abnormalities of the cornea, which is the clear front covering of the eye.","PeriodicalId":14021,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90976517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.33545/26638266.2022.v4.i2a.120
Clarissa dos Reis Pereira, Vinicius Sande Miguel, Thiago Sande Miguel, Daniel Almeida da Costa, Bruna Sande Miguel, Maurício B Pereira
Retinopathy secondary to the use of hydroxychloroquine sulfate can cause irreversible central visual loss and progress even after stopping the drug. The pathophysiological mechanism by which this phenomenon occurs is unclear. Periodic eye exams associated with multimodal imaging exams help in the early recognition of this pathology, being essential for the realization of an early diagnosis in order to minimize adverse visual sequelae. Patients must be aware of the risk of toxicity and its possible consequences, so the use of this medication must be well-founded. Detecting early and subtle changes in visual perception can minimize damage, but not necessarily to prevent it. Medications should be discontinued, if possible, when toxicity is recognized or strongly suspected, but this is a decision to be made together with patients and their physicians, as it is indicated by an underlying pathological condition that can also lead to irreversible sequelae for patients.
{"title":"Early and progressive hydroxychloroquin retinal toxicity: 9-year follow-up with multimodal retinal imaging","authors":"Clarissa dos Reis Pereira, Vinicius Sande Miguel, Thiago Sande Miguel, Daniel Almeida da Costa, Bruna Sande Miguel, Maurício B Pereira","doi":"10.33545/26638266.2022.v4.i2a.120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26638266.2022.v4.i2a.120","url":null,"abstract":"Retinopathy secondary to the use of hydroxychloroquine sulfate can cause irreversible central visual loss and progress even after stopping the drug. The pathophysiological mechanism by which this phenomenon occurs is unclear. Periodic eye exams associated with multimodal imaging exams help in the early recognition of this pathology, being essential for the realization of an early diagnosis in order to minimize adverse visual sequelae. Patients must be aware of the risk of toxicity and its possible consequences, so the use of this medication must be well-founded. Detecting early and subtle changes in visual perception can minimize damage, but not necessarily to prevent it. Medications should be discontinued, if possible, when toxicity is recognized or strongly suspected, but this is a decision to be made together with patients and their physicians, as it is indicated by an underlying pathological condition that can also lead to irreversible sequelae for patients.","PeriodicalId":14021,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84764785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.33545/26638266.2022.v4.i2a.122
Payal Mukherji, D. Prabha
Aim: To study the visual outcome and complications of phacoemulsification and IOL implantation in patients of congenital cataract among tribal population of Jharkhand. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study. Congenital cataract cases who underwent cataract surgery during 2017 to 2019 were included. Patient’s demographics, pre and postoperative visual acuity and complications were recorded. The outcome of surgery measured as VA achieved and evaluation of complications. Results : Thirty six eyes of 24 children (16 bilateral) with age ranging from 1 month to 11 years were recorded. Mean follow up period 20.03 month (range 6-24 month). Postoperatively, visual acuity could be assessed by Snellen acuity chart in 20 children out of which 13 children (65%) best had corrected visual acuity ≥6/18. Most common postoperative complication was posterior capsular opacification (6 eyes, 18.75%) followed by IOL deposits (5 eyes, 15.62%), Uveitis (4 eyes, 11.11%), optic capture (3 eyes 9.37%), Glaucoma (2 eyes, 5.55%) retinal detachment (1 eye, 2.77%). Conclusion : Primary IOL implantation in congenital cases is safe. PCO was the most common complication. Primary posterior capsulotomy with anterior vitrectomy helps in reducing rate of PCO in younger children.
{"title":"Study of visual outcomes and complications of cataract surgery in congenital cataract cases in tribal population of Jharkhand","authors":"Payal Mukherji, D. Prabha","doi":"10.33545/26638266.2022.v4.i2a.122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26638266.2022.v4.i2a.122","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To study the visual outcome and complications of phacoemulsification and IOL implantation in patients of congenital cataract among tribal population of Jharkhand. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study. Congenital cataract cases who underwent cataract surgery during 2017 to 2019 were included. Patient’s demographics, pre and postoperative visual acuity and complications were recorded. The outcome of surgery measured as VA achieved and evaluation of complications. Results : Thirty six eyes of 24 children (16 bilateral) with age ranging from 1 month to 11 years were recorded. Mean follow up period 20.03 month (range 6-24 month). Postoperatively, visual acuity could be assessed by Snellen acuity chart in 20 children out of which 13 children (65%) best had corrected visual acuity ≥6/18. Most common postoperative complication was posterior capsular opacification (6 eyes, 18.75%) followed by IOL deposits (5 eyes, 15.62%), Uveitis (4 eyes, 11.11%), optic capture (3 eyes 9.37%), Glaucoma (2 eyes, 5.55%) retinal detachment (1 eye, 2.77%). Conclusion : Primary IOL implantation in congenital cases is safe. PCO was the most common complication. Primary posterior capsulotomy with anterior vitrectomy helps in reducing rate of PCO in younger children.","PeriodicalId":14021,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88842951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.33545/26638266.2022.v4.i2a.124
Maradula Gangawar, Devanshi M. Dalal, Ashwin Gupta, Dhaivat Shah
The chief question that arises when choosing near and distance glasses is to which one to select. There is a major bunch of people who usually buy glasses due to recommendations or suggestions from peers without having adequate knowledge about them, and end up having asthenopic and adjustment issues. The main aim of this study is to give a basic idea of unifocal, bifocal glasses and progressive glasses, to compare their pros and cons and patient suitability according to various factors. While prescribing glasses there is no one-size-fits-all kind of solution. So this study gives an idea how a qualified person should give options wisely that is the best for them.
{"title":"Unifocal vs bifocal vs progressive glasses: Which one to choose?","authors":"Maradula Gangawar, Devanshi M. Dalal, Ashwin Gupta, Dhaivat Shah","doi":"10.33545/26638266.2022.v4.i2a.124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26638266.2022.v4.i2a.124","url":null,"abstract":"The chief question that arises when choosing near and distance glasses is to which one to select. There is a major bunch of people who usually buy glasses due to recommendations or suggestions from peers without having adequate knowledge about them, and end up having asthenopic and adjustment issues. The main aim of this study is to give a basic idea of unifocal, bifocal glasses and progressive glasses, to compare their pros and cons and patient suitability according to various factors. While prescribing glasses there is no one-size-fits-all kind of solution. So this study gives an idea how a qualified person should give options wisely that is the best for them.","PeriodicalId":14021,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90442110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.33545/26638266.2022.v4.i1a.109
Z. Ahmed, SM Ahmed, A. Tasneem, F. Jafar, B. Shraavya
Cornea of diabetic patients is exposed to increased glucose concentration which contributes to the accumulation of advanced glycation end products, on the basement membrane lamina. Reduced corneal endothelial cell density and swelling of the cornea are indicators of corneal dysfunction and there is evidence that patients with diabetes mellitus have some functional corneal abnormalities. There is a paucity of data from India on the effects of small incision cataract surgery on the corneal endothelium, therefore this study will give us an insight and better understanding of the methods to adapt while operating to prevent the endothelial cell loss. Objectives: To assess the endothelial cell changes and central cornel thickness pre operatively and post operatively in patients with type II diabetes mellitus and age matched individuals after Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery. Methods: It is a hospital based prospective cohort study done on 60 eyes of sixty diabetic patients and 60 eyes of age matched individuals who underwent small incision cataract surgery. The endothelial cell density, coefficient of variation, hexagonality and the central corneal thickness was measured at regular intervals on post operative day 1, week 1, week 4 and week 8. Results: Statistical significance in reduced ECD, increase in the coefficient of variation and central corneal thickness post operatively in diabetics when compared to age matched controls. Endothelial cell loss was independent of the duration and severity of diabetes. Conclusion: The decrease in the endothelial cell density, reflects that surgical trauma is more in diabetic patients than normal individuals.
{"title":"Endothelial cell changes after small incision cataract surgery in diabetic and non-diabetic patients: A cohort study","authors":"Z. Ahmed, SM Ahmed, A. Tasneem, F. Jafar, B. Shraavya","doi":"10.33545/26638266.2022.v4.i1a.109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26638266.2022.v4.i1a.109","url":null,"abstract":"Cornea of diabetic patients is exposed to increased glucose concentration which contributes to the accumulation of advanced glycation end products, on the basement membrane lamina. Reduced corneal endothelial cell density and swelling of the cornea are indicators of corneal dysfunction and there is evidence that patients with diabetes mellitus have some functional corneal abnormalities. There is a paucity of data from India on the effects of small incision cataract surgery on the corneal endothelium, therefore this study will give us an insight and better understanding of the methods to adapt while operating to prevent the endothelial cell loss. Objectives: To assess the endothelial cell changes and central cornel thickness pre operatively and post operatively in patients with type II diabetes mellitus and age matched individuals after Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery. Methods: It is a hospital based prospective cohort study done on 60 eyes of sixty diabetic patients and 60 eyes of age matched individuals who underwent small incision cataract surgery. The endothelial cell density, coefficient of variation, hexagonality and the central corneal thickness was measured at regular intervals on post operative day 1, week 1, week 4 and week 8. Results: Statistical significance in reduced ECD, increase in the coefficient of variation and central corneal thickness post operatively in diabetics when compared to age matched controls. Endothelial cell loss was independent of the duration and severity of diabetes. Conclusion: The decrease in the endothelial cell density, reflects that surgical trauma is more in diabetic patients than normal individuals.","PeriodicalId":14021,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81662273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.33545/26638266.2022.v4.i1b.116
Dr. Gagandeep Kaur, Dr. Charu Chadha, Dr. Meena Chadha, Dr. Barkha Jain, Dr. Manpreet Kaur Bajaj
Blindness is one of the major problems in the world and more so in developing countries which opacity results in significant morbidity both in terms of loss of vision and socio-economic reasons corneal blindness is one of the major causes of visual deficiency. The solution to this problem is keratoplasty. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the indications, visual outcome, postoperative complications, and follow-up of corneal transplants done for optical purposes. 20 patients posted for optical penetrating keratoplasty in the Department of Ophthalmology, Faridkot were taken for the study. In our study, the final vision at the end of six months was more than 6/60 in 1 case, in the range of 4/60 to 6/60 in 7 cases. So, overall, 40% of patients achieved the vision of 4/60 or more. Vision is 3/60 or less in 12 (60%) cases. Complications like a recurrence of host disease occurred in 2 cases (10%), aphakic retinal detachment in one case, 6 (30%) cases developed postoperative glaucoma, 7 cases (35%) had epithelial defects, allograft rejection in 3 cases (15%), endophthalmitis in one case, graft infection in 2 (10%) cases. The results of this study show that penetrating keratoplasty helps patients regain vision which makes them able to move independently.
{"title":"A study to assess the outcome of optical penetrating keratoplasty in a tertiary health care centre in north India","authors":"Dr. Gagandeep Kaur, Dr. Charu Chadha, Dr. Meena Chadha, Dr. Barkha Jain, Dr. Manpreet Kaur Bajaj","doi":"10.33545/26638266.2022.v4.i1b.116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26638266.2022.v4.i1b.116","url":null,"abstract":"Blindness is one of the major problems in the world and more so in developing countries which opacity results in significant morbidity both in terms of loss of vision and socio-economic reasons corneal blindness is one of the major causes of visual deficiency. The solution to this problem is keratoplasty. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the indications, visual outcome, postoperative complications, and follow-up of corneal transplants done for optical purposes. 20 patients posted for optical penetrating keratoplasty in the Department of Ophthalmology, Faridkot were taken for the study. In our study, the final vision at the end of six months was more than 6/60 in 1 case, in the range of 4/60 to 6/60 in 7 cases. So, overall, 40% of patients achieved the vision of 4/60 or more. Vision is 3/60 or less in 12 (60%) cases. Complications like a recurrence of host disease occurred in 2 cases (10%), aphakic retinal detachment in one case, 6 (30%) cases developed postoperative glaucoma, 7 cases (35%) had epithelial defects, allograft rejection in 3 cases (15%), endophthalmitis in one case, graft infection in 2 (10%) cases. The results of this study show that penetrating keratoplasty helps patients regain vision which makes them able to move independently.","PeriodicalId":14021,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89651759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.33545/26638266.2022.v4.i1a.105
Dr. Sayed Aejaz Hussein, Dr. Pritish Gupta, Dr. Manoj Gupta
Pterygium surgery has evolved a lot with newer technigues to help create better postoperative outcomes, to make the surgery time less consuming, to have fewer complications and to provide more better postoperative comfort to the patient. Our study is based on one of this new techniques of Conjuctivo Limbal Autograft with autologous serum which is comparatively less time consuming compared to its is precedessors and is a sutureless and glueless technique. The aim of the study is to find the safety, efficacy and relation of stability of intraoperative grafts (graft fixation) with their postoperative outcomes. We found that intra operative stable grafts to provide good results postoperatively having major displacement of only 1.15%.thus making this technique a faster, stable and economical technique for the patients and the doctors. patients, recurrent pterygium and history of any known bleeding disorders. Patients' data included age, sex, past ocular, medical and surgical history, visual acuity before and after surgery, surgical method and time for graft adhesion, operation time, complications, intra operative stability of graft, postoperative medications, postoperative assesment, recurrence.
{"title":"A study on stability of conjunctivo limbal autograft with autologous serum in pterygium excision surgery","authors":"Dr. Sayed Aejaz Hussein, Dr. Pritish Gupta, Dr. Manoj Gupta","doi":"10.33545/26638266.2022.v4.i1a.105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26638266.2022.v4.i1a.105","url":null,"abstract":"Pterygium surgery has evolved a lot with newer technigues to help create better postoperative outcomes, to make the surgery time less consuming, to have fewer complications and to provide more better postoperative comfort to the patient. Our study is based on one of this new techniques of Conjuctivo Limbal Autograft with autologous serum which is comparatively less time consuming compared to its is precedessors and is a sutureless and glueless technique. The aim of the study is to find the safety, efficacy and relation of stability of intraoperative grafts (graft fixation) with their postoperative outcomes. We found that intra operative stable grafts to provide good results postoperatively having major displacement of only 1.15%.thus making this technique a faster, stable and economical technique for the patients and the doctors. patients, recurrent pterygium and history of any known bleeding disorders. Patients' data included age, sex, past ocular, medical and surgical history, visual acuity before and after surgery, surgical method and time for graft adhesion, operation time, complications, intra operative stability of graft, postoperative medications, postoperative assesment, recurrence.","PeriodicalId":14021,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78562774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.33545/26638266.2022.v4.i1a.113
Namita Bhore, Sunil Biradar
Introduction: Pterygium is a common degenerative disease of the anterior segment of the eye characterized by a wedge-shaped fibrovascular dysplasia of the bulbar conjunctiva with a prevalence of 12%. Exact etiology is unknown; risk factors include, long term exposure of ultraviolet B rays, dust, wind, chemicals and air pollution. To minimize recurrence after the traditional bare sclera surgical technique, adjuvant therapies and modifications to the surgical technique are being adopted. Geographically, Vijayapura is located close to the equator with inherent risk of higher ultraviolet radiation exposures. Of late there is an upsurge in the number of patients with diagnosed with pterygium opting for surgical correction. Conjunctival autograft transplant is promising modification of bare sclera technique is associated with significant reduction in pterygium-induced astigmatism thereby improved visual acuity, decreased postoperative complications and decreased recurrence rates. Objective: To evaluate the visual outcome and complications following conjunctival autograft transplant in management of primary pterygium. Methods: The present study was conducted in the department of Ophthalmology, B.L.D.E. deemed to be university Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Vijayapura between October 2019 to April 2021. A total of 52 patients above 18 years with a diagnosis of primary pterygium were included in the study. Age, gender, occupation, side and severity of pterygium was recorded. Preoperative visual acuity and corresponding decimal pin whole equivalent was calculated for each patient. Upon surgery with conjunctival autograft under local anaesthesia, postoperatively, visual acuity, corresponding decimal pin hole equivalent and complications were evaluated at day 1, day 7 and day 30. Comparison of pre and postoperative data was done using appropriate statistical tests. Results: Mean age of patients was 54.38±10.70 years and 69.3% belonged to the age group of 50-70 years. Slight female predominance was noted with female to male ratio of 1.17:1. Most of the patients were farmers (48.5%) followed by housewives (23.1%). All patients had nasal pterygium prominently on the left side than right (61.5% vs 38.5%). 76.9% patients had grade 2 pterygia. Preoperatively, most patients had a visual acuity of 6/24 (25%), followed by 6/36 (19.2%) and 6/60 (17.3%). The mean decimal equivalent value was 0.35±0.21. Compared to preoperative visual acuity, significant improvement was seen at postoperative day 1 (p=0.000), postoperative day 7 (p=0.001) and at postoperative day 30 (p=0.001). Similarly significant increase in the decimal equivalent postoperatively (0.001) than preoperative values. Factors including age, gender, occupation, side and severity had significant association on the visual outcome based on visual acuity at all follow ups. Most common postoperative complication at day1 was subconjunctival haemorrhage (36%) is the common one follow
{"title":"Study of visual outcome and complications following conjunctival autograft transplant in management of primary pterygium","authors":"Namita Bhore, Sunil Biradar","doi":"10.33545/26638266.2022.v4.i1a.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26638266.2022.v4.i1a.113","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Pterygium is a common degenerative disease of the anterior segment of the eye characterized by a wedge-shaped fibrovascular dysplasia of the bulbar conjunctiva with a prevalence of 12%. Exact etiology is unknown; risk factors include, long term exposure of ultraviolet B rays, dust, wind, chemicals and air pollution. To minimize recurrence after the traditional bare sclera surgical technique, adjuvant therapies and modifications to the surgical technique are being adopted. Geographically, Vijayapura is located close to the equator with inherent risk of higher ultraviolet radiation exposures. Of late there is an upsurge in the number of patients with diagnosed with pterygium opting for surgical correction. Conjunctival autograft transplant is promising modification of bare sclera technique is associated with significant reduction in pterygium-induced astigmatism thereby improved visual acuity, decreased postoperative complications and decreased recurrence rates. Objective: To evaluate the visual outcome and complications following conjunctival autograft transplant in management of primary pterygium. Methods: The present study was conducted in the department of Ophthalmology, B.L.D.E. deemed to be university Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Vijayapura between October 2019 to April 2021. A total of 52 patients above 18 years with a diagnosis of primary pterygium were included in the study. Age, gender, occupation, side and severity of pterygium was recorded. Preoperative visual acuity and corresponding decimal pin whole equivalent was calculated for each patient. Upon surgery with conjunctival autograft under local anaesthesia, postoperatively, visual acuity, corresponding decimal pin hole equivalent and complications were evaluated at day 1, day 7 and day 30. Comparison of pre and postoperative data was done using appropriate statistical tests. Results: Mean age of patients was 54.38±10.70 years and 69.3% belonged to the age group of 50-70 years. Slight female predominance was noted with female to male ratio of 1.17:1. Most of the patients were farmers (48.5%) followed by housewives (23.1%). All patients had nasal pterygium prominently on the left side than right (61.5% vs 38.5%). 76.9% patients had grade 2 pterygia. Preoperatively, most patients had a visual acuity of 6/24 (25%), followed by 6/36 (19.2%) and 6/60 (17.3%). The mean decimal equivalent value was 0.35±0.21. Compared to preoperative visual acuity, significant improvement was seen at postoperative day 1 (p=0.000), postoperative day 7 (p=0.001) and at postoperative day 30 (p=0.001). Similarly significant increase in the decimal equivalent postoperatively (0.001) than preoperative values. Factors including age, gender, occupation, side and severity had significant association on the visual outcome based on visual acuity at all follow ups. Most common postoperative complication at day1 was subconjunctival haemorrhage (36%) is the common one follow","PeriodicalId":14021,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75542376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.33545/26638266.2022.v4.i1a.111
Viswanathan Sivaraman, Shakthi Priya Sampath Kumar, Mayuri Sukumaran, J. Balaji
Purpose: Interpupillary distance (IPD) measurement is important in various sub-fields in ophthalmology and vision sciences. Social distancing is one of the protocols which is being followed since COVID -19 pandemic across the globe. This protocol was a major limitation while measuring the IPD during spectacle dispensing. Hence, we need an alternate method which allows to measure IPD at 1-meter distance. This study aims to report the agreement between contact and non-contact IPD measurements. Methods: Monocular and binocular distance and near IPD were measured using contact (Essilor pupillometer; Pupillon, Essilor, France) and non-contact (OptikamPad; Optikam Tech Inc., Canada) measuring device. Gender effects were assessed using Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests respectively. Agreement was assessed using Spearman correlation and Bland-Altman plots. Results: A total of fifty subjects IPD data were analysed (male 62.0%). The mean age ± standard deviation (SD) for the study subjects were 53.35 ± 11.91 (range 32 - 81) years. The IPD measurements by Contact digital pupillometer and Non-Contact digital IPD measuring devices showed an insignificant difference both for monocular and binocular IPDs and also had a good agreement between the methods. Conclusions: The IPD measurements by the Non-Contact digital IPD measuring device was comparable with the Contact digital pupillometer. In order to maintain social distance during COVID 19, the non-contact digital measuring device can be considered as an alternate tool for IPD measurement.
{"title":"Assessing agreement of inter-pupillary distance measurements between contact and non-contact digital pupillometers during COVID-19","authors":"Viswanathan Sivaraman, Shakthi Priya Sampath Kumar, Mayuri Sukumaran, J. Balaji","doi":"10.33545/26638266.2022.v4.i1a.111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26638266.2022.v4.i1a.111","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Interpupillary distance (IPD) measurement is important in various sub-fields in ophthalmology and vision sciences. Social distancing is one of the protocols which is being followed since COVID -19 pandemic across the globe. This protocol was a major limitation while measuring the IPD during spectacle dispensing. Hence, we need an alternate method which allows to measure IPD at 1-meter distance. This study aims to report the agreement between contact and non-contact IPD measurements. Methods: Monocular and binocular distance and near IPD were measured using contact (Essilor pupillometer; Pupillon, Essilor, France) and non-contact (OptikamPad; Optikam Tech Inc., Canada) measuring device. Gender effects were assessed using Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests respectively. Agreement was assessed using Spearman correlation and Bland-Altman plots. Results: A total of fifty subjects IPD data were analysed (male 62.0%). The mean age ± standard deviation (SD) for the study subjects were 53.35 ± 11.91 (range 32 - 81) years. The IPD measurements by Contact digital pupillometer and Non-Contact digital IPD measuring devices showed an insignificant difference both for monocular and binocular IPDs and also had a good agreement between the methods. Conclusions: The IPD measurements by the Non-Contact digital IPD measuring device was comparable with the Contact digital pupillometer. In order to maintain social distance during COVID 19, the non-contact digital measuring device can be considered as an alternate tool for IPD measurement.","PeriodicalId":14021,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74180762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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