Feedback of 250 Livestock Development Officers (LDO) of Maharashtra state was taken regarding the livestock health care delivery system in pre constructed format. The study revealed that 17.60 % LDO were looking after five and more than five dispensaries and23.20 % LDO were taking care of livestock from more than 20 villages. Many of the LDOs (56.80 %) were also involved in different extension works such as implementation of Gov. Schemes, survey work and cattle show etc., besides treatment of animals. Majority of the officers (72.40 %) visited farmer’s house as and when farmers called. Moreover, 69.60 % LDO informed that they visited village for the treatment of livestock very often.Most of the officers informed about sufficient stock of vaccine (82.00 %), antibiotic (60.00 %), anthelmentis and analgesics (63.60 %), but 42.00 % LDO reported scarcity of vitamin and mineral mixture.In respect of disease outbreak / occurrence, LDO reported outbreak of 22 diseases in livestock and poultry. Most occurrence of disease was FMD in cattle (28.00 %), followed by PPR in goat (24.80 %) and HS in cattle (14.40%). 31.20 % respondents reported more than two weeks time was needed to get diagnostic report of disease from the testing laboratory.32.80 % LDO informed that they reported to the District Animal Husbandry Officer regarding outbreak / occurrence of disease.The officers revealed that the regular vaccination was carried out against FMD (97.20 %),HS (93.20 %) and BQ (92.00 %). 35.60 % respondents reported vaccine failure and cause of vaccine failure was found to be improper storage and transportation of vaccine (17.20 %) followed by untimely vaccination (10.80 %) and some even doubted about the quality of vaccine. 47.60 % LDO reported the sufficient availability of acaricide and 67.20 % respondents informed sufficient availability of anthelmintic in the animal health center.Artificial Insemination was preferred over natural service by farmers for breeding of livestock as reported by 83.60 % respondents.Conception rate in AI was reported to be 45.27 %, whereas number of AI / conception was reported to be 2.85. Reason for preference of AI by most of the farmers was easy availability (46.00 %) followed by better conception rate (43.60%).
{"title":"A Survey on Livestock Health Care Delivery System in Maharashtra of India","authors":"H. Aithal, S. Das, K. Bhilegaonkar","doi":"10.22161/ijeab.82.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.82.7","url":null,"abstract":"Feedback of 250 Livestock Development Officers (LDO) of Maharashtra state was taken regarding the livestock health care delivery system in pre constructed format. The study revealed that 17.60 % LDO were looking after five and more than five dispensaries and23.20 % LDO were taking care of livestock from more than 20 villages. Many of the LDOs (56.80 %) were also involved in different extension works such as implementation of Gov. Schemes, survey work and cattle show etc., besides treatment of animals. Majority of the officers (72.40 %) visited farmer’s house as and when farmers called. Moreover, 69.60 % LDO informed that they visited village for the treatment of livestock very often.Most of the officers informed about sufficient stock of vaccine (82.00 %), antibiotic (60.00 %), anthelmentis and analgesics (63.60 %), but 42.00 % LDO reported scarcity of vitamin and mineral mixture.In respect of disease outbreak / occurrence, LDO reported outbreak of 22 diseases in livestock and poultry. Most occurrence of disease was FMD in cattle (28.00 %), followed by PPR in goat (24.80 %) and HS in cattle (14.40%). 31.20 % respondents reported more than two weeks time was needed to get diagnostic report of disease from the testing laboratory.32.80 % LDO informed that they reported to the District Animal Husbandry Officer regarding outbreak / occurrence of disease.The officers revealed that the regular vaccination was carried out against FMD (97.20 %),HS (93.20 %) and BQ (92.00 %). 35.60 % respondents reported vaccine failure and cause of vaccine failure was found to be improper storage and transportation of vaccine (17.20 %) followed by untimely vaccination (10.80 %) and some even doubted about the quality of vaccine. 47.60 % LDO reported the sufficient availability of acaricide and 67.20 % respondents informed sufficient availability of anthelmintic in the animal health center.Artificial Insemination was preferred over natural service by farmers for breeding of livestock as reported by 83.60 % respondents.Conception rate in AI was reported to be 45.27 %, whereas number of AI / conception was reported to be 2.85. Reason for preference of AI by most of the farmers was easy availability (46.00 %) followed by better conception rate (43.60%).","PeriodicalId":14038,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89460743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Satria, R. H. Martinsyah, A. Armansyah, D. Hervani, dan Warnita
This plant has a very large opportunity to be developed on ex-mining land, considering that this plant is an adaptive non-timber forest product plant that grows and produces naturally without inoculation (injection) on ex-mining land: limestone, nickel, rocky sand, tin and coal. and added witharbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and liquid organic fertilizer such as Yomari on Aquilaria malacensis Lamk. AMF is able to increase root growth, root range, so that it can facilitate roots to absorb water and nutrients through external hyphae and later obtained quality seeds which have many and strong roots. Yomari liquid organic fertilizer has high organic and nutrient content, can increase soil organisms and improve soil pH and. This study aimed to obtain the best interaction between the dose of AMF and the concentration of Yomari liquid organic fertilizer on the growth of Aquilaria malacensis Lamk seedlings. in the ex-limestone mine soil, the best dose of AMF was obtained on the growth of Aquilaria malacensis Lamk seedlings. in limestone ex- mining soil and the best concentration of Yomari organic fertilizer on the growth of Aquilaria malacensis Lamk. in the former limestone quarry. This research was conducted from June to November 2022 in the nursery of the Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University. This study used a factorial experimental method in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 2 factors, namely the first factor was the administration of the AMF dose which consisted of 5 levels: 0.0 grams (C0); 15 grams (C2); 30 grams (C3) and 45 grams (C4) and the second factor concentration of Yomari organic fertilizer consisted of 5 levels: 0.00 ppm (Y0); 25.00 ppm (Y1); 50.00 (Y2); 75.00 ppm (Y3) and 100.00 ppm (Y4), each treatment level consisted of 4 replications. Observational data in the form of qualitative and quantitative data were analyzed using the F-test at a significance level of 5%. The different effects on the treatment were analyzed by further test of LSD at 5% level. Observations were made including: percentage of live seedlings, increase in seedling height, increase in number of leaves, widest leaf width, root weight, and percentage of roots infected by AMF on lime-mined soil media. There is an interaction between the dose of AMF and the concentration of liquid organic fertilizer on the growth of agarwood-producing plant seeds (Aquilaria malacensis Lamk.)) on the ex-limestone mining soil. Giving a dose of AMF 45 grams with a concentration of 100 ppm liquid organic fertilizer was the best in increasing the percentage of life, increasing the number leaves, increase in plant seed height, widest leaf width, percentage of agarwood-producing plant seeds infected with AMF.
该植物是一种适应性的非木材林产品植物，无需接种(注射)即可在采矿业土地上自然生长和生产:石灰石、镍、石砂、锡、煤。在采矿业土地上开发的机会非常大。在黑木香上添加丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)和液体有机肥(Yomari)。AMF能够促进根系生长，扩大根系范围，从而促进根系通过外部菌丝吸收水分和养分，从而获得根多、根壮的优质种子。Yomari液体有机肥具有较高的有机和养分含量，能增加土壤微生物，改善土壤pH和。本研究旨在获得AMF用量与Yomari液体有机肥浓度对黑木香幼苗生长的最佳互作效应。在原石灰石矿区土壤中，AMF对黑木香幼苗生长的影响最佳。在石灰石采掘土壤中，尤马利有机肥的最佳浓度对沉香生长的影响。在以前的石灰石采石场。该研究于2022年6月至11月在安达拉斯大学农学院苗圃进行。本研究采用完全随机设计(CRD)两因素的析因实验方法，即第一因素是AMF的给药剂量，该剂量由5个水平组成:0.0 g (C0);15克(C2);30 g (C3)和45 g (C4)， Yomari有机肥第二因子浓度分为5个水平:0.00 ppm (Y0);25.00 ppm (Y1);50.00 (Y2);75.00 ppm (Y3)和100.00 ppm (Y4)，每个处理水平为4个重复。观察资料以定性和定量资料形式进行分析，采用显著性水平为5%的f检验。进一步以5%浓度的LSD进行试验，分析不同的治疗效果。观察结果包括:活苗率、苗高增加、叶数增加、叶宽增加、根重增加、根侵染AMF的百分比。有机肥用量与液体有机肥浓度对沉香植物种子在前石灰石采掘土壤上的生长有交互作用。以浓度为100 ppm的液体有机肥配以45 g的AMF，在提高寿命百分比、增加叶片数量、提高植物种子高、最宽叶宽和沉香植物种子侵染率方面效果最好。
{"title":"The Effect of Addition of AMF (Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi) and Yomari Liquid Organic Fertilizer Concentration on the Growth of Agarwood Production Plants (Aquilaria malacensis Lamk.) on Ex-Lime Mining Soil","authors":"B. Satria, R. H. Martinsyah, A. Armansyah, D. Hervani, dan Warnita","doi":"10.22161/ijeab.82.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.82.8","url":null,"abstract":"This plant has a very large opportunity to be developed on ex-mining land, considering that this plant is an adaptive non-timber forest product plant that grows and produces naturally without inoculation (injection) on ex-mining land: limestone, nickel, rocky sand, tin and coal. and added witharbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and liquid organic fertilizer such as Yomari on Aquilaria malacensis Lamk. AMF is able to increase root growth, root range, so that it can facilitate roots to absorb water and nutrients through external hyphae and later obtained quality seeds which have many and strong roots. Yomari liquid organic fertilizer has high organic and nutrient content, can increase soil organisms and improve soil pH and. This study aimed to obtain the best interaction between the dose of AMF and the concentration of Yomari liquid organic fertilizer on the growth of Aquilaria malacensis Lamk seedlings. in the ex-limestone mine soil, the best dose of AMF was obtained on the growth of Aquilaria malacensis Lamk seedlings. in limestone ex- mining soil and the best concentration of Yomari organic fertilizer on the growth of Aquilaria malacensis Lamk. in the former limestone quarry. This research was conducted from June to November 2022 in the nursery of the Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University. This study used a factorial experimental method in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 2 factors, namely the first factor was the administration of the AMF dose which consisted of 5 levels: 0.0 grams (C0); 15 grams (C2); 30 grams (C3) and 45 grams (C4) and the second factor concentration of Yomari organic fertilizer consisted of 5 levels: 0.00 ppm (Y0); 25.00 ppm (Y1); 50.00 (Y2); 75.00 ppm (Y3) and 100.00 ppm (Y4), each treatment level consisted of 4 replications. Observational data in the form of qualitative and quantitative data were analyzed using the F-test at a significance level of 5%. The different effects on the treatment were analyzed by further test of LSD at 5% level. Observations were made including: percentage of live seedlings, increase in seedling height, increase in number of leaves, widest leaf width, root weight, and percentage of roots infected by AMF on lime-mined soil media. There is an interaction between the dose of AMF and the concentration of liquid organic fertilizer on the growth of agarwood-producing plant seeds (Aquilaria malacensis Lamk.)) on the ex-limestone mining soil. Giving a dose of AMF 45 grams with a concentration of 100 ppm liquid organic fertilizer was the best in increasing the percentage of life, increasing the number leaves, increase in plant seed height, widest leaf width, percentage of agarwood-producing plant seeds infected with AMF.","PeriodicalId":14038,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79323371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation of medicinal plants with yeast on the fatty acid profile, chemical, physical and microbiological quality of Barki sheep burger during frozen storage at -20 °C for 90 days. Fifteen Barki lambs (13.46 ± 3.47 kg body weight, 4.5 months of age) were randomly divided into three groups (5 lamb/group). T1: control group fed on berseem hay and concentrate feed mixture. T2: fed on control diet + air dried powder of medicinal plants mixture which consisted of (garlic, cumin, ginger and turmeric). T3: fed as group two with (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). Results indicated that addition of yeast to medicinal plants significantly decreased (p<0.05) palmitic acid, myristic acid and increased the content of oleic acid and decatrienoic acid with non-significant effect on linoleic acid and α linolenic acid. Burger of medicinal plants with yeast group had the lowest index of atherogenicity (IA) which is healthier for human consumption. Feeding type had a slight significant effect on pH values of fresh sheep burger. No significant differences were found in shear force values of sheep burger. Cooking loss of sheep burger processed from sheep fed on medicinal plants recorded the lowest cooking loss, followed by sheep burger of medicinal plants with yeast. Burger of medicinal plants group showed the lowest TBA value. Feeding types and storage conditions significantly (p<0.05) affected on color parameters (L*, a* and b*). No significant changes in microbiological quality of sheep burger during frozen storage. In conclusion, sheep burger processed from lambs fed on diet supplemented with medicinal plants and yeast improved the composition of fatty acids, delayed the lipid oxidation and decreased the cooking loss without any negative effects on color parameters, shear force and microbial analysis which is subsequently affected on sheep burger quality and human health.
{"title":"Studies on chemical, physical and microbiological quality characteristics of Barki sheep burger fed on medicinal plants with yeast","authors":"Engy Fayz Zaki, Moustafa Mohamed M.A. Ghandour","doi":"10.22161/ijeab.85.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.85.1","url":null,"abstract":"The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation of medicinal plants with yeast on the fatty acid profile, chemical, physical and microbiological quality of Barki sheep burger during frozen storage at -20 °C for 90 days. Fifteen Barki lambs (13.46 ± 3.47 kg body weight, 4.5 months of age) were randomly divided into three groups (5 lamb/group). T1: control group fed on berseem hay and concentrate feed mixture. T2: fed on control diet + air dried powder of medicinal plants mixture which consisted of (garlic, cumin, ginger and turmeric). T3: fed as group two with (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). Results indicated that addition of yeast to medicinal plants significantly decreased (p<0.05) palmitic acid, myristic acid and increased the content of oleic acid and decatrienoic acid with non-significant effect on linoleic acid and α linolenic acid. Burger of medicinal plants with yeast group had the lowest index of atherogenicity (IA) which is healthier for human consumption. Feeding type had a slight significant effect on pH values of fresh sheep burger. No significant differences were found in shear force values of sheep burger. Cooking loss of sheep burger processed from sheep fed on medicinal plants recorded the lowest cooking loss, followed by sheep burger of medicinal plants with yeast. Burger of medicinal plants group showed the lowest TBA value. Feeding types and storage conditions significantly (p<0.05) affected on color parameters (L*, a* and b*). No significant changes in microbiological quality of sheep burger during frozen storage. In conclusion, sheep burger processed from lambs fed on diet supplemented with medicinal plants and yeast improved the composition of fatty acids, delayed the lipid oxidation and decreased the cooking loss without any negative effects on color parameters, shear force and microbial analysis which is subsequently affected on sheep burger quality and human health.","PeriodicalId":14038,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135496848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bartels Benjamin, Vanderpuye Andreas Nii Addo, Gadzekpo Victor Patrick Yao
Background and objectives: Iodine deficiency is a global public health concern. This deficiency if not cured results in illness like goiter, cretinism and reduced intelligence quotient that disrupts normal physical and mental functions. The USI programme was introduced to improve household’s iodine intake, in Ghana the mandatory salt iodisation law that specifies that all salts meant for consumption must be iodised has been long passed to give credence to the USI. Yet, some Ghanaian families are still deliberately or ignorantly consuming salt containing less or no iodine at all with the perception that common salt naturally contains enough iodine. Hence, this study assesses the levels of iodine in salts from popular lagoons, which are major salt producing centres in Ghana. Methods: Two hundred (200) samples of salts were collected in six (6) months from popular major salt producing lagoons, namely, Ada-Songhor, Nyanyano, Keta, Amisa and Benya lagoons. In addition, five (5) brands of packaged refined salts also sampled for their iodine for comparative analyses. Questionnaire was administered to household’s women in charge of meal preparation to solicit information about preference for salt and knowledge about IDD. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16 and Microsoft Excel were used in data analysis. Results: The lagoon salt samples did not record any measurable iodine (0 ppm). Ninety-three percent of respondents were ignorant about benefits of iodised salt, whilst 50.4% prefer non-iodised salt. Conclusion: The ignorance about the absence of iodine in crude salt could influence the extent of the ignorance about benefits of iodine and preference for non - iodised salt.
背景和目的:碘缺乏症是一个全球性的公共卫生问题。这种缺陷如果不加以治疗，就会导致甲状腺肿、痴呆和智商下降等疾病，从而扰乱正常的身心功能。引入USI方案是为了改善家庭的碘摄入量，在加纳，强制性食盐加碘法早就通过了，该法律规定所有用于消费的盐必须加碘，以证明USI的有效性。然而，一些加纳家庭仍然故意或无知地食用含碘较少或根本不含碘的盐，认为普通盐自然含有足够的碘。因此，本研究评估了受欢迎的泻湖盐中的碘含量，这些泻湖是加纳主要的盐生产中心。方法:在全国主要产盐湖Ada-Songhor、Nyanyano、Keta、Amisa和Benya等6个月内采集盐样200份。此外，五(5)个品牌的包装精制盐也取样碘进行比较分析。对家庭中负责做饭的妇女进行问卷调查，了解她们对盐的偏好和缺碘症的知识。使用SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 16和Microsoft Excel进行数据分析。结果:泻湖盐样品未记录到任何可测量的碘(0 ppm)。93%的受访者不知道加碘盐的好处，而50.4%的受访者更喜欢非加碘盐。结论:对原盐缺碘的无知可能影响对碘的益处的无知程度和对非碘盐的偏好。
{"title":"Natural Concentrations of Iodine in Common Salts Produced from Popular Lagoons in Ghana and their Potential to Eliminate Iodine Deficiency Disorders","authors":"Bartels Benjamin, Vanderpuye Andreas Nii Addo, Gadzekpo Victor Patrick Yao","doi":"10.22161/ijeab.85.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.85.21","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives: Iodine deficiency is a global public health concern. This deficiency if not cured results in illness like goiter, cretinism and reduced intelligence quotient that disrupts normal physical and mental functions. The USI programme was introduced to improve household’s iodine intake, in Ghana the mandatory salt iodisation law that specifies that all salts meant for consumption must be iodised has been long passed to give credence to the USI. Yet, some Ghanaian families are still deliberately or ignorantly consuming salt containing less or no iodine at all with the perception that common salt naturally contains enough iodine. Hence, this study assesses the levels of iodine in salts from popular lagoons, which are major salt producing centres in Ghana. Methods: Two hundred (200) samples of salts were collected in six (6) months from popular major salt producing lagoons, namely, Ada-Songhor, Nyanyano, Keta, Amisa and Benya lagoons. In addition, five (5) brands of packaged refined salts also sampled for their iodine for comparative analyses. Questionnaire was administered to household’s women in charge of meal preparation to solicit information about preference for salt and knowledge about IDD. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16 and Microsoft Excel were used in data analysis. Results: The lagoon salt samples did not record any measurable iodine (0 ppm). Ninety-three percent of respondents were ignorant about benefits of iodised salt, whilst 50.4% prefer non-iodised salt. Conclusion: The ignorance about the absence of iodine in crude salt could influence the extent of the ignorance about benefits of iodine and preference for non - iodised salt.","PeriodicalId":14038,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135212260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tejaswini Jaajpera, P. Bharti, L. Baragi, Kolchar M. Rajaneesh
It has been acknowledged that the poor and the impoverished are the most vulnerable to climate change worldwide, and when we consider gender, women are more vulnerable to climate change than males, and as a result, they suffer the most. Because data collectors collect information from household heads, who are primarily men, these women are left out of the data collection process. According to the SDG Report 2022, this is one of the primary difficulties we are now dealing with. For the study, we selected the Indian cities of Jaipur and Ayodhya, and we conducted a qualitative survey of women from underprivileged families, including families Below Poverty Line. The impact of climate change on women's lifestyles, disease transmission, trends natural disasters, food consumption, daily work patterns, changes in traditional knowledge, and why it is important to take action for India’s sustainable development are all discussed in this paper. This research will help raise awareness of the regional NGOs and give insight into how to frame policies and initiatives that support women. This research will also shed light on areas with comparable temporal patterns, such as Jaipur and Ayodhya, in other parts of the world.
{"title":"Climate change impacts on women in Ayodhya and Jaipur emphasize the need for sustainable development in India","authors":"Tejaswini Jaajpera, P. Bharti, L. Baragi, Kolchar M. Rajaneesh","doi":"10.22161/ijeab.84.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.84.11","url":null,"abstract":"It has been acknowledged that the poor and the impoverished are the most vulnerable to climate change worldwide, and when we consider gender, women are more vulnerable to climate change than males, and as a result, they suffer the most. Because data collectors collect information from household heads, who are primarily men, these women are left out of the data collection process. According to the SDG Report 2022, this is one of the primary difficulties we are now dealing with. For the study, we selected the Indian cities of Jaipur and Ayodhya, and we conducted a qualitative survey of women from underprivileged families, including families Below Poverty Line. The impact of climate change on women's lifestyles, disease transmission, trends natural disasters, food consumption, daily work patterns, changes in traditional knowledge, and why it is important to take action for India’s sustainable development are all discussed in this paper. This research will help raise awareness of the regional NGOs and give insight into how to frame policies and initiatives that support women. This research will also shed light on areas with comparable temporal patterns, such as Jaipur and Ayodhya, in other parts of the world.","PeriodicalId":14038,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86650019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Ledo, R. Moreno-Rojas, J. Marín, M. Colina, Júlio Torres
The release of phosphorus (P) from bottom sediments is an important source of nutrient enrichment in many lakes. Reductive dissolution of P and iron (Fe) has been regarded as a mechanism responsible for the P mobilization in sediments. In this work, sedimentary P fluxes in the central portion of Lake Maracaibo were studied, considering the influences of dissolved oxygen, redox potential, pH, and Fe in the overlying water. Experiments were performed to laboratory scale in a batch system under anaerobic conditions in 1976, 1983, 1998 and 2009. For 2023, predictive models were applied. The estimated contribution of sediment to the P content in Lake Maracaibo ranged from 4.84 to 8.14x106 kgP/year, and the P release rate ranged from 1.66 to 10.30 mgP/m2.d. On the last day of the experiment, the P concentration of the sediment was 0.251 mgP/g and of the sediments from the lake (hypolimnetic cone) was 0.253 mgP/g. Fe and the redox potential account for approximately 57% of the variability in total P in overlying water. The annual contribution of sedimentary P to the P content of the lake ranged from 11.13% in 1976 to 27.25% in 2023 (52.72% in 2009).
{"title":"Phosphorus release from a tropical estuary sediment: a laboratory study of Lake Maracaibo (Venezuela)","authors":"H. Ledo, R. Moreno-Rojas, J. Marín, M. Colina, Júlio Torres","doi":"10.22161/ijeab.84.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.84.15","url":null,"abstract":"The release of phosphorus (P) from bottom sediments is an important source of nutrient enrichment in many lakes. Reductive dissolution of P and iron (Fe) has been regarded as a mechanism responsible for the P mobilization in sediments. In this work, sedimentary P fluxes in the central portion of Lake Maracaibo were studied, considering the influences of dissolved oxygen, redox potential, pH, and Fe in the overlying water. Experiments were performed to laboratory scale in a batch system under anaerobic conditions in 1976, 1983, 1998 and 2009. For 2023, predictive models were applied. The estimated contribution of sediment to the P content in Lake Maracaibo ranged from 4.84 to 8.14x106 kgP/year, and the P release rate ranged from 1.66 to 10.30 mgP/m2.d. On the last day of the experiment, the P concentration of the sediment was 0.251 mgP/g and of the sediments from the lake (hypolimnetic cone) was 0.253 mgP/g. Fe and the redox potential account for approximately 57% of the variability in total P in overlying water. The annual contribution of sedimentary P to the P content of the lake ranged from 11.13% in 1976 to 27.25% in 2023 (52.72% in 2009).","PeriodicalId":14038,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91215682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article examines the ecological themes present in Philip K. Dick's "Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?" through the lens of Warwick Fox's deep ecology theory. The novel emphasizes the interconnectedness of all life, demonstrating the importance of recognizing our place within a larger ecological system. The absence of non-human life is portrayed as a contributing factor to the degradation of the environment, emphasizing the intrinsic value of non-human life in ecological systems. The consequences of anthropocentrism, including environmental destruction and a lack of empathy for non-human beings, are explored. The relationship between technology and ecology is also examined, with the potential for both degradation and restoration. Overall, the article suggests that recognizing the interconnectedness of all life and valuing non-human life are essential for the health and survival of the entire ecosystem.
{"title":"Interconnectedness and the Value of Life: A Deep Ecological Analysis of 'Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?' by Philip K. Dick","authors":"Samira Mehdipour Shekakomi","doi":"10.22161/ijeab.82.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.82.14","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the ecological themes present in Philip K. Dick's \"Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?\" through the lens of Warwick Fox's deep ecology theory. The novel emphasizes the interconnectedness of all life, demonstrating the importance of recognizing our place within a larger ecological system. The absence of non-human life is portrayed as a contributing factor to the degradation of the environment, emphasizing the intrinsic value of non-human life in ecological systems. The consequences of anthropocentrism, including environmental destruction and a lack of empathy for non-human beings, are explored. The relationship between technology and ecology is also examined, with the potential for both degradation and restoration. Overall, the article suggests that recognizing the interconnectedness of all life and valuing non-human life are essential for the health and survival of the entire ecosystem.","PeriodicalId":14038,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88523817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Massouroudini Akoudjin, Aïcha Ouédraogo, S. Boma, Sidpakissidé Marius Comboigo, Sheila Médina Karambiri, Sesseya Arnaud Sas Soha, M. Somda, Marie Gaston Adrien Belem, Rassablaga Dominique Sawadogo
The phenomenon of pollution by plastic waste is a public health problem in Burkina Faso. The ingestion of these plastic bags by domestic ruminants causes enormous losses to producers. Thus, to have the involvement of these producers in the management of plastic, this study was initiated to collect their perceptions (knowledge, attitudes and practices) on this scourge of plastic ingestion by farm animals. It was conducted from May to June 2021 and involved 60 producers living in the urban and peri-urban area of the commune of Dori in Burkina Faso. The interviews focused on the characterization of their farms (breeding system, livestock diversity, animal feeding); their knowledge of the phenomenon of ingestion of plastic bags by domestic ruminants and its impact (mortality and loss of income) on farms; attitudes, practices in the face of the scourge and their proposed solutions. The survey revealed that animal feed was based essentially on natural grazing at 77% with supplementation for a minority of farms (6%) (p < 0.001). In addition, the extensive system based on transhumance was the most widespread because it concerned 83% (50) of the producers (p < 0.001). The ingestion of plastic bags by the animals is perceived by the producers as one of the main causes of the mortalities recorded in their farms, however the causes seem to be external to the farming systems, in view of the solutions they recommend. Respondents know the symptoms of plastic ingestion (weight loss (43%), persistent bloating (31%) often accompanied by a hardening of the abdomen and diarrhea (13%), anorexia (12 %) and a runny nose (1%)), but which can be confused with other parasitoses, and have traditional practices for diagnosing it. The study suggests that special arrangements be made for a better awareness of the management of plastic bags in the environment, with the support of environmental and public health technicians, municipal and communal authorities of Dori.
{"title":"Urban and peri-urban plastic bag pollution: producers' perceptions of the impacts of plastic bag ingestion by domestic ruminants in the commune of Dori in Burkina Faso","authors":"Massouroudini Akoudjin, Aïcha Ouédraogo, S. Boma, Sidpakissidé Marius Comboigo, Sheila Médina Karambiri, Sesseya Arnaud Sas Soha, M. Somda, Marie Gaston Adrien Belem, Rassablaga Dominique Sawadogo","doi":"10.22161/ijeab.81.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.81.4","url":null,"abstract":"The phenomenon of pollution by plastic waste is a public health problem in Burkina Faso. The ingestion of these plastic bags by domestic ruminants causes enormous losses to producers. Thus, to have the involvement of these producers in the management of plastic, this study was initiated to collect their perceptions (knowledge, attitudes and practices) on this scourge of plastic ingestion by farm animals. It was conducted from May to June 2021 and involved 60 producers living in the urban and peri-urban area of the commune of Dori in Burkina Faso. The interviews focused on the characterization of their farms (breeding system, livestock diversity, animal feeding); their knowledge of the phenomenon of ingestion of plastic bags by domestic ruminants and its impact (mortality and loss of income) on farms; attitudes, practices in the face of the scourge and their proposed solutions. The survey revealed that animal feed was based essentially on natural grazing at 77% with supplementation for a minority of farms (6%) (p < 0.001). In addition, the extensive system based on transhumance was the most widespread because it concerned 83% (50) of the producers (p < 0.001). The ingestion of plastic bags by the animals is perceived by the producers as one of the main causes of the mortalities recorded in their farms, however the causes seem to be external to the farming systems, in view of the solutions they recommend. Respondents know the symptoms of plastic ingestion (weight loss (43%), persistent bloating (31%) often accompanied by a hardening of the abdomen and diarrhea (13%), anorexia (12 %) and a runny nose (1%)), but which can be confused with other parasitoses, and have traditional practices for diagnosing it. The study suggests that special arrangements be made for a better awareness of the management of plastic bags in the environment, with the support of environmental and public health technicians, municipal and communal authorities of Dori.","PeriodicalId":14038,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79232560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chili (Capsicum sp. ) is a strategic commodity with high economic value in Indonesia. Pest control on chili plants generally uses synthetic chemical insecticides which can reduce the diversity of arthropods. Reduced diversity of food sources for natural enemies can increase pest populations. The objectives of this study were to determine the abundance and diversity of arthropods in the chili plant ecosystem with integrated pest management (IPM). The observation area was 6 acres. Sampling was carried out in August-October 2020 in Jagaraga Village, West Lombok District, Indonesia, on chili fields using the IPM technique, namely a combination of the use of pheromone and botanical insecticides and non-IPM cultivation techniques using chemical insecticides, and carried out using the Yellow Pan Trap and Pitfall Trap. Observations were conducted on the generative growth stages of the chili plants. Results indicated that 612 ground surface arthropods were recorded in chili plots using the IPM technique representing 41 species, 24 families and 10 orders. The order Collembola, which acts as a decomposer was the most abundant (42.81% of the total collected arthropods), followed by Hymenoptera (28.92%), and Diplopoda (12.25%). Analysis of functional groups showed that the species richness of arthropods in IPM plots was higher than that of non-IPM. On IPM plot, almost all functional groups were found, namely predators (18 species), decomposers (11 species), parasitoids (1), and pest of 11 species. The high number of predator species in IPM chili fields indicates the large number of niches available and the abundance of prey for predators to colonize. The order Hymenoptera is the most abundant predator group collected from the chili field with IPM system. The Shannon index value of arthropods on the IPM plot of 2,887 indicates that the chili ecosystem with IPM was a fairly stable habitat, the natural control mechanism was going well. Every agronomic action carried out should be able to preserve and increase the carrying capacity of the environment so that it can support the development of organisms for sustainable stability.
{"title":"Inventory of Arthropods on the Soil Surface in Chili Plant Ecosystems Cultivated by IPM","authors":"R. Thei","doi":"10.22161/ijeab.83.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.83.3","url":null,"abstract":"Chili (Capsicum sp. ) is a strategic commodity with high economic value in Indonesia. Pest control on chili plants generally uses synthetic chemical insecticides which can reduce the diversity of arthropods. Reduced diversity of food sources for natural enemies can increase pest populations. The objectives of this study were to determine the abundance and diversity of arthropods in the chili plant ecosystem with integrated pest management (IPM). The observation area was 6 acres. Sampling was carried out in August-October 2020 in Jagaraga Village, West Lombok District, Indonesia, on chili fields using the IPM technique, namely a combination of the use of pheromone and botanical insecticides and non-IPM cultivation techniques using chemical insecticides, and carried out using the Yellow Pan Trap and Pitfall Trap. Observations were conducted on the generative growth stages of the chili plants. Results indicated that 612 ground surface arthropods were recorded in chili plots using the IPM technique representing 41 species, 24 families and 10 orders. The order Collembola, which acts as a decomposer was the most abundant (42.81% of the total collected arthropods), followed by Hymenoptera (28.92%), and Diplopoda (12.25%). Analysis of functional groups showed that the species richness of arthropods in IPM plots was higher than that of non-IPM. On IPM plot, almost all functional groups were found, namely predators (18 species), decomposers (11 species), parasitoids (1), and pest of 11 species. The high number of predator species in IPM chili fields indicates the large number of niches available and the abundance of prey for predators to colonize. The order Hymenoptera is the most abundant predator group collected from the chili field with IPM system. The Shannon index value of arthropods on the IPM plot of 2,887 indicates that the chili ecosystem with IPM was a fairly stable habitat, the natural control mechanism was going well. Every agronomic action carried out should be able to preserve and increase the carrying capacity of the environment so that it can support the development of organisms for sustainable stability.","PeriodicalId":14038,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75673962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Roswati, N. Najamuddin, Alfa Filep Petrus Nelwan
Mamuju Regency, West Sulawesi Province, has the potential for pelagic fish, especially large pelagic fish, namely tuna, skipjack and cob, which are very prospective. The majority of fishermen in Mamuju Regency use fishing rods to catch large pelagic fish. Fishing rod fishermen with a large pelagic catch target are in Mamuju Regency, Simboro District, precisely in Sumare Village but currently it is known that there has been a decrease in the number of fishing rod fishermen in Mamuju Regency since the last 5 years experiencing a decrease in production. This study aims to determine the status of small-scale capture fisheries in a sustainability perspective according to ecological, technological, social and economic dimensions for small-scale fisheries in Mamuju Regency, and recommendations for sustainable capture fisheries. The study was conducted using qualitative methods using Rapfish analysis to determine the sustainability of fishing efforts. The results showed the highest dimensions in fish resources (70.13) and fishing technology (50.06) which means quite sustainable (good) while in the social dimension (38.47) and economic dimension (28.75) in the bad category which means there needs to be special attention in handling.
{"title":"Study of Small-Scale Capture Fisheries in West Sulawesi Waters “Case Study of Large Pelagic Fishing Rod In Mamuju Regency”","authors":"R. Roswati, N. Najamuddin, Alfa Filep Petrus Nelwan","doi":"10.22161/ijeab.83.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.83.5","url":null,"abstract":"Mamuju Regency, West Sulawesi Province, has the potential for pelagic fish, especially large pelagic fish, namely tuna, skipjack and cob, which are very prospective. The majority of fishermen in Mamuju Regency use fishing rods to catch large pelagic fish. Fishing rod fishermen with a large pelagic catch target are in Mamuju Regency, Simboro District, precisely in Sumare Village but currently it is known that there has been a decrease in the number of fishing rod fishermen in Mamuju Regency since the last 5 years experiencing a decrease in production. This study aims to determine the status of small-scale capture fisheries in a sustainability perspective according to ecological, technological, social and economic dimensions for small-scale fisheries in Mamuju Regency, and recommendations for sustainable capture fisheries. The study was conducted using qualitative methods using Rapfish analysis to determine the sustainability of fishing efforts. The results showed the highest dimensions in fish resources (70.13) and fishing technology (50.06) which means quite sustainable (good) while in the social dimension (38.47) and economic dimension (28.75) in the bad category which means there needs to be special attention in handling.","PeriodicalId":14038,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80614897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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