Bachir A. Abi-Salloum, Maguy Al-Nahum, Mohammed Rached, Ossama Dimassi
Yield, physicochemical and colorimetric characteristics of bresaola from Lebanese Baladi-goat and Awassi-sheep compared to that from beef is studied. For this purpose, defatted lean meat cuts from Beef, Baladi-goat and Awassi-sheep were collected, weighed and processed following the EU-approved guidelines for Bresaola della Valtellina. The bresaola from beef (BFB) had the significantly lowest moisture and fat content compared to Bresaola from Baladi-goat (BFG), with the values of Bresaola from Awassi-sheep (BFS) being significantly the highest. Furthermore, the protein and ash content of BFB was significantly the highest, followed by the values of BFG with content of BFS being the lowest. The pH value of BFB was significantly the lowest, while there was no difference between those of BFG and BFS. There was no significant difference in the water activities of BFB, BFG and BFS (0.848±0.002). As for the colorimetric characteristics, the ΔE value of BFB with BFG is 14.74±4.10, while that of BFB with BFS is 17.88±4.10, and that of BFG with BFS is 16.00±4.10 noting that the values did not differ significantly. The BFB and BFG Hue values did not differ significantly both being significantly larger than that of BFS. The BFB and BFG Chroma values were not significantly different while both being significantly different from that of BFS. Bresaola from raw meat (kg-Bresaola/kg-raw meat) value for beef was found to be significantly higher than that of goat, with value for sheep being significantly the highest. Consequently, the opposite was true for weight loss (%).
研究了黎巴嫩巴拉迪山羊和阿瓦西绵羊的布雷索菌与牛肉布雷索菌的产量、理化特性和比色特性。为此，我们收集了来自牛肉、巴拉迪山羊和阿瓦西绵羊的脱脂瘦肉，并按照欧盟批准的Bresaola della Valtellina指南进行了称重和加工。牛肉bresaola的水分和脂肪含量显著低于巴拉迪山羊(BFG)，阿瓦西绵羊(BFS)的水分和脂肪含量显著高于巴拉迪山羊(BFG)。蛋白质和灰分含量以BFB最高，BFG次之，BFS含量最低。BFB的pH值最低，而BFG与BFS的pH值无显著差异。BFB、BFG和BFS的水分活性差异无统计学意义(0.848±0.002)。在比色特性方面，BFB与BFG的ΔE值为14.74±4.10,BFB与BFS的ΔE值为17.88±4.10,BFG与BFS的ΔE值为16.00±4.10，两者差异无统计学意义。BFB和BFG色相值差异不显著，均显著大于BFS。BFB和BFG的色度值差异不显著，但均与BFS有显著差异。牛肉生肉中的布雷绍拉菌(kg-Bresaola/kg-生肉)值显著高于山羊，绵羊的布雷绍拉菌值显著最高。因此，减肥(%)的情况正好相反。
{"title":"Physicochemical, colorimetric properties and yield of bresaola from beef, Baladi-goat and Awassi-sheep in Lebanon","authors":"Bachir A. Abi-Salloum, Maguy Al-Nahum, Mohammed Rached, Ossama Dimassi","doi":"10.22161/ijeab.82.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.82.6","url":null,"abstract":"Yield, physicochemical and colorimetric characteristics of bresaola from Lebanese Baladi-goat and Awassi-sheep compared to that from beef is studied. For this purpose, defatted lean meat cuts from Beef, Baladi-goat and Awassi-sheep were collected, weighed and processed following the EU-approved guidelines for Bresaola della Valtellina. The bresaola from beef (BFB) had the significantly lowest moisture and fat content compared to Bresaola from Baladi-goat (BFG), with the values of Bresaola from Awassi-sheep (BFS) being significantly the highest. Furthermore, the protein and ash content of BFB was significantly the highest, followed by the values of BFG with content of BFS being the lowest. The pH value of BFB was significantly the lowest, while there was no difference between those of BFG and BFS. There was no significant difference in the water activities of BFB, BFG and BFS (0.848±0.002). As for the colorimetric characteristics, the ΔE value of BFB with BFG is 14.74±4.10, while that of BFB with BFS is 17.88±4.10, and that of BFG with BFS is 16.00±4.10 noting that the values did not differ significantly. The BFB and BFG Hue values did not differ significantly both being significantly larger than that of BFS. The BFB and BFG Chroma values were not significantly different while both being significantly different from that of BFS. Bresaola from raw meat (kg-Bresaola/kg-raw meat) value for beef was found to be significantly higher than that of goat, with value for sheep being significantly the highest. Consequently, the opposite was true for weight loss (%).","PeriodicalId":14038,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72571156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Phuoc Trong Nguyen, Khang Minh Le, Hieu Bui Chi, Loan Hong Thi Nguyen, Lang thi Nguyen
Agro-morphological characters and PCR based markers have provided valuable information about genetic diversity of bean collection in HATRI . Analysis on SSR molecular markers: out of a total of 44 primers conducted genetic diversity studies, only 28 primers amplified the product on 20 bean varieties. Through the SSR marker data with 28 primers used, 20 varieties are classified into 4 main groups. In the subgroup of the SSR on 28 molecular markers are noted with 4 distinct groups. Molecular markers to be able to indirectly assess the presence or absence of selected genes thanks to markers without environmental influences. The diversity index analyzes according to the high SSR method (H = 0.384) while the diversity index of stick beans. The results presented here are the first steps towards a better understanding of varieties introduced from countries and may help guide future research into the crop.
{"title":"Genetic Diversity 20 Bean Varieties using Microsatellite Technique (SSR)","authors":"Phuoc Trong Nguyen, Khang Minh Le, Hieu Bui Chi, Loan Hong Thi Nguyen, Lang thi Nguyen","doi":"10.22161/ijeab.85.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.85.17","url":null,"abstract":"Agro-morphological characters and PCR based markers have provided valuable information about genetic diversity of bean collection in HATRI . Analysis on SSR molecular markers: out of a total of 44 primers conducted genetic diversity studies, only 28 primers amplified the product on 20 bean varieties. Through the SSR marker data with 28 primers used, 20 varieties are classified into 4 main groups. In the subgroup of the SSR on 28 molecular markers are noted with 4 distinct groups. Molecular markers to be able to indirectly assess the presence or absence of selected genes thanks to markers without environmental influences. The diversity index analyzes according to the high SSR method (H = 0.384) while the diversity index of stick beans. The results presented here are the first steps towards a better understanding of varieties introduced from countries and may help guide future research into the crop.","PeriodicalId":14038,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135008186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Arsalan Asjad, Zaixiang Lou, Mukesh Mukesh, Sehar Anwar, Hafiz Abdul Munam, Farazia Hassan, Waleed Al-Ansi
D. officinale is a renowned botanical species in China with a rich historical background associated with its extensive use in traditional medicine. This research aims to develop a pulpy drink using the Stem of the D. officinale plant and enhance its thermal stability. In order to enhance the thermal stability of the beverage, multiple amounts of xanthan gum were used in the formulation. The physical stability of the D. officinale pulpy drink was assessed by measuring particle size, Zeta potential, particle sedimentation, viscosity, and color. The current research findings indicated that the beverage with a composition of 3% D. officinale pulp and 0.4% xanthan gum exhibited the highest level of physical stability. This beverage exhibited the smallest particle size, negative zeta potential, viscosity, and no sedimentation.
{"title":"Development of Dendrobium officinale pulpy drink","authors":"Muhammad Arsalan Asjad, Zaixiang Lou, Mukesh Mukesh, Sehar Anwar, Hafiz Abdul Munam, Farazia Hassan, Waleed Al-Ansi","doi":"10.22161/ijeab.85.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.85.3","url":null,"abstract":"D. officinale is a renowned botanical species in China with a rich historical background associated with its extensive use in traditional medicine. This research aims to develop a pulpy drink using the Stem of the D. officinale plant and enhance its thermal stability. In order to enhance the thermal stability of the beverage, multiple amounts of xanthan gum were used in the formulation. The physical stability of the D. officinale pulpy drink was assessed by measuring particle size, Zeta potential, particle sedimentation, viscosity, and color. The current research findings indicated that the beverage with a composition of 3% D. officinale pulp and 0.4% xanthan gum exhibited the highest level of physical stability. This beverage exhibited the smallest particle size, negative zeta potential, viscosity, and no sedimentation.","PeriodicalId":14038,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135496834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
When growing seedlings for commercial purposes, excellent seed quality is crucial. Seed quality influences germination rate because seeds that sprout slower typically produce lower-quality seedlings. In numerous plants, seed moisture content has a significant impact on seed germinating speed. This study investigates the impact of various moisture content (MC) reductions on maize germination parameters and determines the moisture content level essential for maize germination. A comprehensive laboratory experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of five treatments and three replicates. The treatment levels were maize seeds not sun-dried after collection (control), maize seed sun-dried for 3 days, maize seed sun-dried for 6 days, maize seed sun-dried for 9 days, and maize seed sun-dried for 12 days. Data were obtained on shoot length, root length, seedling length, germination percentage (GP), germination energy (GE), mean germination time (MGT), and seedling vigour index (SVI). All germination parameters were taken and calculated and the experiment was terminated two weeks after planting (WAP). Results indicated that the control significantly (p<0.05) performed better than other treatments for all the germination parameters. It was determined that maize with moisture content of 9.4% and below had low germination ability. This study concludes that the impacts of reduced moisture content on maize's physical properties (quality, texture, shape), chemical composition (fat and starch content), and biological characteristics (seed viability) resulted in the low germination ability of maize seeds.
{"title":"Impact of Maize Seed Moisture Content Reduction on Germination Parameters as Influenced by Sun Drying","authors":"T. M. Awopegba, Augustine A. Matthew","doi":"10.22161/ijeab.84.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.84.6","url":null,"abstract":"When growing seedlings for commercial purposes, excellent seed quality is crucial. Seed quality influences germination rate because seeds that sprout slower typically produce lower-quality seedlings. In numerous plants, seed moisture content has a significant impact on seed germinating speed. This study investigates the impact of various moisture content (MC) reductions on maize germination parameters and determines the moisture content level essential for maize germination. A comprehensive laboratory experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of five treatments and three replicates. The treatment levels were maize seeds not sun-dried after collection (control), maize seed sun-dried for 3 days, maize seed sun-dried for 6 days, maize seed sun-dried for 9 days, and maize seed sun-dried for 12 days. Data were obtained on shoot length, root length, seedling length, germination percentage (GP), germination energy (GE), mean germination time (MGT), and seedling vigour index (SVI). All germination parameters were taken and calculated and the experiment was terminated two weeks after planting (WAP). Results indicated that the control significantly (p<0.05) performed better than other treatments for all the germination parameters. It was determined that maize with moisture content of 9.4% and below had low germination ability. This study concludes that the impacts of reduced moisture content on maize's physical properties (quality, texture, shape), chemical composition (fat and starch content), and biological characteristics (seed viability) resulted in the low germination ability of maize seeds.","PeriodicalId":14038,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75085748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Taking Hangzhou City as the study area, Geographic Information System (GIS) technology was used, selecting natural factors such as terrain, vegetation, climate, and hydrology for analysis. On the basis of evaluating the suitability of a single factor of human settlements, a Human Settlements Environment Index (HEI) is constructed to explore the natural suitability characteristics and spatial differences of human settlements in Hangzhou. The research results indicate that the natural suitability index of the human settlement environment in Hangzhou is between 0.06 and 0.93, with the overall pattern being the highest in the central region and gradually decreasing towards the northeast and southwest. The distribution area of more suitable areas is the widest, accounting for 26.55% of the province's area. The land area of highly suitable areas accounts for 22.69%, while the area of generally suitable areas accounts for 20.69%. The area of critical suitable areas and unsuitable areas is relatively low, accounting for 13.10% and 16.97%, respectively. Especially for the urban area of Hangzhou, low terrain undulation and flat terrain are its advantageous natural conditions, but its vegetation cover, climate, and hydrological conditions are inferior to other research areas except for the urban area. Therefore, based on the comprehensive analysis, its HEI is lower than the surrounding areas.
{"title":"Evaluation of Natural Suitability of Human Settlements Environment in Hangzhou Based on GIS","authors":"Fei Gao, Ruei-Yuan Wang","doi":"10.22161/ijeab.84.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.84.4","url":null,"abstract":"Taking Hangzhou City as the study area, Geographic Information System (GIS) technology was used, selecting natural factors such as terrain, vegetation, climate, and hydrology for analysis. On the basis of evaluating the suitability of a single factor of human settlements, a Human Settlements Environment Index (HEI) is constructed to explore the natural suitability characteristics and spatial differences of human settlements in Hangzhou. The research results indicate that the natural suitability index of the human settlement environment in Hangzhou is between 0.06 and 0.93, with the overall pattern being the highest in the central region and gradually decreasing towards the northeast and southwest. The distribution area of more suitable areas is the widest, accounting for 26.55% of the province's area. The land area of highly suitable areas accounts for 22.69%, while the area of generally suitable areas accounts for 20.69%. The area of critical suitable areas and unsuitable areas is relatively low, accounting for 13.10% and 16.97%, respectively. Especially for the urban area of Hangzhou, low terrain undulation and flat terrain are its advantageous natural conditions, but its vegetation cover, climate, and hydrological conditions are inferior to other research areas except for the urban area. Therefore, based on the comprehensive analysis, its HEI is lower than the surrounding areas.","PeriodicalId":14038,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77472286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Due to their extremely energy intense nature, airports are increasingly focusing on their energy consumption and energy efficiency as a key part of their sustainability policies and strategies. Based on an in-depth longitudinal case study research design, this study has examined London Gatwick Airport, a major United Kingdom-based hub airport, sustainable energy management. The case study covered the period 2014 to 2021. London Gatwick Airport has two principal energy sources: electricity and natural gas. The case study revealed that London Gatwick Airport contributes to a lower carbon grid through its procurement of 100% certified renewable electricity. The airport has purchased this 100% certified renewable electricity since 2013. This measure has enabled the airport to mitigate its environmental impact. An important energy-related development at London Gatwick Airport, has been the airport’s waste processing and biomass generation facility, which began operations in November 2016. Category 1 and other types of organic waste are converted into biomass fuel that is used to power the processing plant and provide heating for the airport’s North Termina and the airport’s waste management site. The waste plant also provides power to the site’s water recovery system. Throughout the study period, London Gatwick Airport introduced a range of energy efficiency related measures. These measures include the installation of high efficiency lighting, heating, air conditioning, and ventilation (HVAC) systems, the upgrading of the airport’s boiler plant, the installation of an electricity powered hydrant dispenser, and the installation of more energy efficient light emitting diode (LED) lighting. The airport is also replacing its fleet of airport vehicles with electric powered vehicles. In addition, the airport is transitioning towards the use of electricity powered ground service equipment (GSE).
{"title":"An Assessment of Sustainable Energy Management at a Major United Kingdom Based Hub Airport: A Case Study of London Gatwick Airport","authors":"Glenn Baxter","doi":"10.22161/ijeab.82.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.82.1","url":null,"abstract":"Due to their extremely energy intense nature, airports are increasingly focusing on their energy consumption and energy efficiency as a key part of their sustainability policies and strategies. Based on an in-depth longitudinal case study research design, this study has examined London Gatwick Airport, a major United Kingdom-based hub airport, sustainable energy management. The case study covered the period 2014 to 2021. London Gatwick Airport has two principal energy sources: electricity and natural gas. The case study revealed that London Gatwick Airport contributes to a lower carbon grid through its procurement of 100% certified renewable electricity. The airport has purchased this 100% certified renewable electricity since 2013. This measure has enabled the airport to mitigate its environmental impact. An important energy-related development at London Gatwick Airport, has been the airport’s waste processing and biomass generation facility, which began operations in November 2016. Category 1 and other types of organic waste are converted into biomass fuel that is used to power the processing plant and provide heating for the airport’s North Termina and the airport’s waste management site. The waste plant also provides power to the site’s water recovery system. Throughout the study period, London Gatwick Airport introduced a range of energy efficiency related measures. These measures include the installation of high efficiency lighting, heating, air conditioning, and ventilation (HVAC) systems, the upgrading of the airport’s boiler plant, the installation of an electricity powered hydrant dispenser, and the installation of more energy efficient light emitting diode (LED) lighting. The airport is also replacing its fleet of airport vehicles with electric powered vehicles. In addition, the airport is transitioning towards the use of electricity powered ground service equipment (GSE).","PeriodicalId":14038,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88442132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To combat hypogalactia, breastfeeding women in rural areas use certain plants in their cooking to induce lactation. However, the nutritional properties of these local products after cooking are not well known. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the nutritional potential of the leafy stems of two plants such as Euphorbia hirta and Secamone afzelii used in Côte d'Ivoire after cooking. The results obtained indicate the presence of proteins (7.55±0.02% ; 8.486±0.04%), total sugars (16.77±0.13 ; 17.93±0.09), reducing sugars (0.619±0.02% ; 0.872±0.03%) and mineral elements such as calcium (1.12±0.08% ; 1.20±0.10%), iron (0.20±0.03%; 0.32±0.02%) and magnesium (0.15±0.01%; 0.54±0.04%) in aqueous extracts from Euphorbia hirta and Secamone afzelii plants after cooking. These results could justify the culinary use of these food plants, which are potential sources of essential nutrients for improving the quality and quantity of breast milk for young children, through the treatment of breastfeeding disorders in women in general. Both plants deserve be valorized. However, further studies on the toxicity of the Secamone afzelii plant are needed.
{"title":"Nutritional Potential of Two Lactogenic Plants after Cooking in the Prevention of Hypogalactia: the Case of Euphorbia hirta L. and Secamone afzelii (Shult) K. Shum.","authors":"Adepo Yapo Prosper, Fofana Ibrahim, Atto Virginie","doi":"10.22161/ijeab.85.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.85.12","url":null,"abstract":"To combat hypogalactia, breastfeeding women in rural areas use certain plants in their cooking to induce lactation. However, the nutritional properties of these local products after cooking are not well known. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the nutritional potential of the leafy stems of two plants such as Euphorbia hirta and Secamone afzelii used in Côte d'Ivoire after cooking. The results obtained indicate the presence of proteins (7.55±0.02% ; 8.486±0.04%), total sugars (16.77±0.13 ; 17.93±0.09), reducing sugars (0.619±0.02% ; 0.872±0.03%) and mineral elements such as calcium (1.12±0.08% ; 1.20±0.10%), iron (0.20±0.03%; 0.32±0.02%) and magnesium (0.15±0.01%; 0.54±0.04%) in aqueous extracts from Euphorbia hirta and Secamone afzelii plants after cooking. These results could justify the culinary use of these food plants, which are potential sources of essential nutrients for improving the quality and quantity of breast milk for young children, through the treatment of breastfeeding disorders in women in general. Both plants deserve be valorized. However, further studies on the toxicity of the Secamone afzelii plant are needed.","PeriodicalId":14038,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136257018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aji Zulfikar, Setyono Yudo Tyasmoro, Titiek Islami
The experiment was conducted to study the effect of organic waste from rice husk, corn straw and sugarcane leaves as compost for sweat corn growth. The experimental design used in the study was a factorial randomized block design with two factors (compost types and doses), nine treatments, and three replications, P1: rice straw compost; P2: sugarcane leaves compost; P3: corn straw compost then doses were D1: 7,5 t ha-1; D2: 15 t ha-1; D3: 23 t ha-1. The result showed that the compost types and dose treatments had a significant effect on the maize growth, including the height, leaf area Index, stem diameter, and dry weight on specific observations without any interaction. Besides, the treatments also affected the yield of corn production. The highest yield was found at 23 t ha-1 (D3) dose in all types of compost treatments. Meanwhile the highest to the lowest yields were, respectively, P3 (9,29 t ha-1), P1 (8,72 t ha-1), and P2 (8,00 t ha-1).
本试验研究了稻壳、玉米秸秆和甘蔗叶片有机废弃物作为秸秆堆肥对玉米生长的影响。试验设计采用两因素(堆肥类型和用量)、9个处理、3个重复的因子随机区组设计，P1:稻草堆肥;P2:甘蔗叶堆肥;P3:玉米秸秆堆肥，D1: 7、5 t hm -1;D2: 15 t ha-1;D3: 23 t ha-1。结果表明，堆肥类型和剂量处理对玉米生长有显著影响，包括株高、叶面积指数、茎粗和干重，但没有交互作用。此外，处理对玉米产量也有影响。在所有堆肥处理中，以23 t ha-1 (D3)剂量产量最高。最高至最低产量分别为P3(9、29 t ha-1)、P1(8、72 t ha-1)和P2 (8 000 t ha-1)。
{"title":"The Effect of Organic fertilizers on Growth Quality of Sweat corn (Zea mays saccharata L)","authors":"Aji Zulfikar, Setyono Yudo Tyasmoro, Titiek Islami","doi":"10.22161/ijeab.85.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.85.22","url":null,"abstract":"The experiment was conducted to study the effect of organic waste from rice husk, corn straw and sugarcane leaves as compost for sweat corn growth. The experimental design used in the study was a factorial randomized block design with two factors (compost types and doses), nine treatments, and three replications, P1: rice straw compost; P2: sugarcane leaves compost; P3: corn straw compost then doses were D1: 7,5 t ha-1; D2: 15 t ha-1; D3: 23 t ha-1. The result showed that the compost types and dose treatments had a significant effect on the maize growth, including the height, leaf area Index, stem diameter, and dry weight on specific observations without any interaction. Besides, the treatments also affected the yield of corn production. The highest yield was found at 23 t ha-1 (D3) dose in all types of compost treatments. Meanwhile the highest to the lowest yields were, respectively, P3 (9,29 t ha-1), P1 (8,72 t ha-1), and P2 (8,00 t ha-1).","PeriodicalId":14038,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134884645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Salman Khan, Asif Hussain, M. Hussain, Sahibzada Muhammad Aqeel, Samra Basharat, A. Hussain, Waleed Al-Ansi, Abdulqader M. Abdulqader, Nie Yao
The production of biofuels through biological processes has garnered increasing attention due to their potential benefits over conventional fuels, including lower greenhouse gas emissions, higher energy output, and reduced-price fluctuations. However, the metabolic processes of primitive microorganisms used in biofuel production are not compatible with those of fossil fuels. To address this, scholars have employed metabolic engineering techniques to modify the metabolisms of various microorganisms, including S. cerevisiae, for enhanced biofuel production. Specifically, overexpression of enzymes involved in bioethanol and biobutanol production, knockouts of competing pathways, improvements in carbon flux and tolerance have been applied to maximize the potential of S. cerevisiae for bioethanol and biobutanol production. This review focuses on the current state of metabolic engineering of S. cerevisiae for the production of bioethanol from lignocellulose and biobutanol from all kind of substrates, along with the potential use of cell surface technology in this field.
{"title":"Metabolic engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for ethanol and butanol biofuel production","authors":"Salman Khan, Asif Hussain, M. Hussain, Sahibzada Muhammad Aqeel, Samra Basharat, A. Hussain, Waleed Al-Ansi, Abdulqader M. Abdulqader, Nie Yao","doi":"10.22161/ijeab.82.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.82.5","url":null,"abstract":"The production of biofuels through biological processes has garnered increasing attention due to their potential benefits over conventional fuels, including lower greenhouse gas emissions, higher energy output, and reduced-price fluctuations. However, the metabolic processes of primitive microorganisms used in biofuel production are not compatible with those of fossil fuels. To address this, scholars have employed metabolic engineering techniques to modify the metabolisms of various microorganisms, including S. cerevisiae, for enhanced biofuel production. Specifically, overexpression of enzymes involved in bioethanol and biobutanol production, knockouts of competing pathways, improvements in carbon flux and tolerance have been applied to maximize the potential of S. cerevisiae for bioethanol and biobutanol production. This review focuses on the current state of metabolic engineering of S. cerevisiae for the production of bioethanol from lignocellulose and biobutanol from all kind of substrates, along with the potential use of cell surface technology in this field.","PeriodicalId":14038,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80012256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Aryana, I. W. Sudika, W. Wangiyana, N. W. S. Suliartini
Red rice is one of the important functional food sources because its anthocyanin content is very beneficial for human health. One of the processes to produce new superior varieties of rice is by cross-breeding. The aim of this study was to determine the agronomic performance of the promising lines of red rice resulted from crossing of IPB3S variety with the promising line of red rice compared with the parents and comparison genotypes in the medium elevation lands. The experiment was carried out in June - September 2022 in medium lowland rice fields (375 m asl) in Central Lombok district, NTB, Indonesia, which was designed using a Randomized Block Design (RCBD) consisting of 14 treatments, namely 9 ideal type red rice lines resulted from Pedigree F5 selection, 1 promising line of red rice from crosses between Kenya and Angka, two parents (the promising line of paddy red rice “GH F2BC4P19-36”, and IPB3S variety), and two control varieties (Situ Patenggang and Inpago Unram 1), repeated 3 times. Observation variables included plant height, days to harvest, number of productive and non-productive tillers, length of panicles, number of filled and unfilled grains per panicle, weight of 100 grains, grain weight per clump and yield potential (tons/ha). The results showed that the red rice line G6 (F5 IPB3S/F2BC4P19-63// Fat/F2BC4P19-63-PD3/17) showed higher grain yield potential (4.79 t/ha) compared to the two parents, namely IPB3S (3.34 t /ha), GH parent (3.27 t/ha), Situ Patenggang (3.92 t/ha) and Inpago Unram 1 (3.35 t/ha). Plant height, number of productive and non-productive tillers per clump, panicle length, numbers of filled and unfilled grains per panicle, grain weight per clump and potential grain yield per hectare were significantly different between genotypes while days to harvest and 100-grain weight were not significantly different.
{"title":"Agronomic Characteristics of Upland Red Rice Lines Resulted from Crossing IPB3S and Promising Line of Red Rice in Medium Elevation Areas","authors":"I. Aryana, I. W. Sudika, W. Wangiyana, N. W. S. Suliartini","doi":"10.22161/ijeab.83.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.83.9","url":null,"abstract":"Red rice is one of the important functional food sources because its anthocyanin content is very beneficial for human health. One of the processes to produce new superior varieties of rice is by cross-breeding. The aim of this study was to determine the agronomic performance of the promising lines of red rice resulted from crossing of IPB3S variety with the promising line of red rice compared with the parents and comparison genotypes in the medium elevation lands. The experiment was carried out in June - September 2022 in medium lowland rice fields (375 m asl) in Central Lombok district, NTB, Indonesia, which was designed using a Randomized Block Design (RCBD) consisting of 14 treatments, namely 9 ideal type red rice lines resulted from Pedigree F5 selection, 1 promising line of red rice from crosses between Kenya and Angka, two parents (the promising line of paddy red rice “GH F2BC4P19-36”, and IPB3S variety), and two control varieties (Situ Patenggang and Inpago Unram 1), repeated 3 times. Observation variables included plant height, days to harvest, number of productive and non-productive tillers, length of panicles, number of filled and unfilled grains per panicle, weight of 100 grains, grain weight per clump and yield potential (tons/ha). The results showed that the red rice line G6 (F5 IPB3S/F2BC4P19-63// Fat/F2BC4P19-63-PD3/17) showed higher grain yield potential (4.79 t/ha) compared to the two parents, namely IPB3S (3.34 t /ha), GH parent (3.27 t/ha), Situ Patenggang (3.92 t/ha) and Inpago Unram 1 (3.35 t/ha). Plant height, number of productive and non-productive tillers per clump, panicle length, numbers of filled and unfilled grains per panicle, grain weight per clump and potential grain yield per hectare were significantly different between genotypes while days to harvest and 100-grain weight were not significantly different.","PeriodicalId":14038,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85979579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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