Pub Date : 2023-02-16DOI: 10.1080/14999013.2023.2178555
M. Duff, W. Paki, Te Waikato, Ngaaruahine Arawa, R. Butler, C. McSweeney, B. McKenna
Abstract There is a relative lack of research focused on people with intellectual disabilities within forensic settings and limited information describing models of care. This article describes the process of enquiry and information gathering that was synthesized to develop a specific model of care for a specialist forensic intellectual disability secure care unit within a forensic mental health service in Aotearoa (New Zealand). The obligations to address the over representation of tāngata whenua (Māori; Indigenous people of Aotearoa) and to resist the dominant Western and mental health paradigms being ineffectively imposed within this specialist service, were acknowledged as central challenges. A literature review, consultation with tāngata whaikaha hinengaro (service users) and Māori cultural input provided a platform to synthesize diverse perspectives. This resulted in the weaving together of the important elements necessary in a model of care, to optimize specialist forensic intellectual disability care and rehabilitation in Aotearoa. This article has an emphasis on the research literature, but is not a research project, rather it is a description of the process leading to a negotiated model of care to achieve equity.
{"title":"The Development of a Forensic Intellectual Disability Model of Care: Synergy to Achieve Equity","authors":"M. Duff, W. Paki, Te Waikato, Ngaaruahine Arawa, R. Butler, C. McSweeney, B. McKenna","doi":"10.1080/14999013.2023.2178555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14999013.2023.2178555","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract There is a relative lack of research focused on people with intellectual disabilities within forensic settings and limited information describing models of care. This article describes the process of enquiry and information gathering that was synthesized to develop a specific model of care for a specialist forensic intellectual disability secure care unit within a forensic mental health service in Aotearoa (New Zealand). The obligations to address the over representation of tāngata whenua (Māori; Indigenous people of Aotearoa) and to resist the dominant Western and mental health paradigms being ineffectively imposed within this specialist service, were acknowledged as central challenges. A literature review, consultation with tāngata whaikaha hinengaro (service users) and Māori cultural input provided a platform to synthesize diverse perspectives. This resulted in the weaving together of the important elements necessary in a model of care, to optimize specialist forensic intellectual disability care and rehabilitation in Aotearoa. This article has an emphasis on the research literature, but is not a research project, rather it is a description of the process leading to a negotiated model of care to achieve equity.","PeriodicalId":14052,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Mental Health","volume":"22 1","pages":"302 - 313"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42098736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-15DOI: 10.1080/14999013.2023.2178554
N. Muir, Jodi L. Viljoen, S. Shepherd
Abstract Violence risk assessment tools are used around the world with people who have committed crimes to determine the risk factors that may have contributed to their offending. These tools can carry great consequences for people’s liberty. Violence risk assessment tools are also used with Indigenous people who are overrepresented in the Canadian justice system. A major issue with these risk assessment tools is that they do not use a colonial lens to understand the underlying mechanisms of violence. Using the Structured Assessment of Violence Risk in Youth (SAVRY) as an example, we examined how colonialism underlies risk and protective ratings. Colonialism increases the probability that Indigenous youth will be rated higher on some risk factors on the SAVRY. Novel interventions to reduce Indigenous overrepresentation include addressing the colonial factors behind violence risk and protective factors. Given that colonialism underlies scores on risk assessment tools, service providers need to link risk ratings to colonialism in their service formulations, carefully attend to culturally relevant factors, and provide interventions and support that specifically address colonialism. Suggestions for future research that include Indigenous community involvement are also provided. A short case analysis, cultural formulation and treatment suggestions are provided as an illustration.
{"title":"Violence Risk Assessment Tools and Indigenous Peoples: Colonialism as an Underlying Cause of Risk Ratings on the SAVRY","authors":"N. Muir, Jodi L. Viljoen, S. Shepherd","doi":"10.1080/14999013.2023.2178554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14999013.2023.2178554","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Violence risk assessment tools are used around the world with people who have committed crimes to determine the risk factors that may have contributed to their offending. These tools can carry great consequences for people’s liberty. Violence risk assessment tools are also used with Indigenous people who are overrepresented in the Canadian justice system. A major issue with these risk assessment tools is that they do not use a colonial lens to understand the underlying mechanisms of violence. Using the Structured Assessment of Violence Risk in Youth (SAVRY) as an example, we examined how colonialism underlies risk and protective ratings. Colonialism increases the probability that Indigenous youth will be rated higher on some risk factors on the SAVRY. Novel interventions to reduce Indigenous overrepresentation include addressing the colonial factors behind violence risk and protective factors. Given that colonialism underlies scores on risk assessment tools, service providers need to link risk ratings to colonialism in their service formulations, carefully attend to culturally relevant factors, and provide interventions and support that specifically address colonialism. Suggestions for future research that include Indigenous community involvement are also provided. A short case analysis, cultural formulation and treatment suggestions are provided as an illustration.","PeriodicalId":14052,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Mental Health","volume":"22 1","pages":"289 - 301"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48982043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-03DOI: 10.1080/14999013.2023.2174213
Meera Aurora, D. Mawren, R. Fullam
{"title":"An Exploratory Evaluation of the Impact and Acceptability of a Structured Reflective Practice Program Piloted with Staff in a Forensic Mental Health Setting","authors":"Meera Aurora, D. Mawren, R. Fullam","doi":"10.1080/14999013.2023.2174213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14999013.2023.2174213","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14052,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47361201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-19DOI: 10.1080/14999013.2023.2167891
Marjolein De Pau, Ruth Vruggink, S. Vandevelde, F. Vander Laenen
Abstract Racialized people who are labeled Not Criminally Responsible (NCR) are relatively overrepresented in forensic mental healthcare. In this respect, it is essential to provide culturally sensitive treatment in forensic mental healthcare in an attempt to reduce ethnic disparities. Both general mental healthcare and prison settings are actively exploring and producing empirical knowledge on culturally sensitive treatment, but it remains unclear what evidence is available for forensic mental healthcare delivery. To answer this question, a scoping review is conducted. Three databases (i.e. Medline, Web of Science and APA PsycArticles) were systematically searched for any qualitative, quantitative or theoretical paper about practices or treatment focused on racialized people labeled as NCR in forensic mental healthcare. In total, 551 articles were retrieved. After a detailed selection procedure by two independent researchers, only a small number of eligible articles (<10) were retained. Research on cultural practices in forensic mental healthcare seems to be predominantly based in Western countries and conducted in the last decade. Thematically, the research efforts are targeted toward culturally sensitive assessment tools, therapeutic interventions and programs, and forensic care organization. This study demonstrates how this research field is still in its early stages. There is an undeniable lack of evidence considering culturally sensitive therapeutic frameworks or approaches in forensic mental healthcare. In conclusion, it is imperative that this topic firmly emerges on the research agenda.
被贴上无刑事责任(NCR)标签的种族化人群在法医精神卫生保健中相对较多。在这方面，必须在法医心理保健中提供顾及文化的治疗，以减少种族差异。一般精神保健机构和监狱机构都在积极探索和提供文化敏感治疗方面的经验知识，但目前尚不清楚有哪些证据可用于法医精神保健服务。要回答这个问题，需要进行范围审查。三个数据库(即Medline, Web of Science和APA PsycArticles)被系统地搜索了任何定性的，定量的或理论的关于实践或治疗的论文，这些实践或治疗集中在法医精神保健中被标记为NCR的种族化人群。共检索到551篇文章。经过两位独立研究人员详细的筛选程序，只有少数符合条件的文章(<10)被保留。在法医精神保健文化实践的研究似乎主要基于西方国家，并在过去十年进行。从主题上讲，研究工作的目标是文化敏感的评估工具，治疗干预和计划，以及法医护理组织。这项研究表明，这一研究领域仍处于早期阶段。有一个不可否认的证据缺乏考虑文化敏感的治疗框架或方法在法医精神卫生保健。综上所述，这个话题必须牢牢地出现在研究议程上。
{"title":"Culturally Sensitive Forensic Mental Healthcare for Racialized People Labeled as Not Criminally Responsible: A Scoping Review","authors":"Marjolein De Pau, Ruth Vruggink, S. Vandevelde, F. Vander Laenen","doi":"10.1080/14999013.2023.2167891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14999013.2023.2167891","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Racialized people who are labeled Not Criminally Responsible (NCR) are relatively overrepresented in forensic mental healthcare. In this respect, it is essential to provide culturally sensitive treatment in forensic mental healthcare in an attempt to reduce ethnic disparities. Both general mental healthcare and prison settings are actively exploring and producing empirical knowledge on culturally sensitive treatment, but it remains unclear what evidence is available for forensic mental healthcare delivery. To answer this question, a scoping review is conducted. Three databases (i.e. Medline, Web of Science and APA PsycArticles) were systematically searched for any qualitative, quantitative or theoretical paper about practices or treatment focused on racialized people labeled as NCR in forensic mental healthcare. In total, 551 articles were retrieved. After a detailed selection procedure by two independent researchers, only a small number of eligible articles (<10) were retained. Research on cultural practices in forensic mental healthcare seems to be predominantly based in Western countries and conducted in the last decade. Thematically, the research efforts are targeted toward culturally sensitive assessment tools, therapeutic interventions and programs, and forensic care organization. This study demonstrates how this research field is still in its early stages. There is an undeniable lack of evidence considering culturally sensitive therapeutic frameworks or approaches in forensic mental healthcare. In conclusion, it is imperative that this topic firmly emerges on the research agenda.","PeriodicalId":14052,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Mental Health","volume":"22 1","pages":"276 - 288"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46986799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-19DOI: 10.1080/14999013.2023.2167893
J. Jacob, Sophie D’Souza, R. Lane, L. Cracknell, Rosie Singleton, J. Edbrooke‐Childs
Therapeutic relationships between children and staff across the Children and Young People Secure Estate (CYPSE) is an under-researched area. The aim of this research is to explore the research question, ‘ what are the key elements of the development and maintenance of effective therapeutic relationships? ’ Qualitative semi-structured interviews and a focus group were conducted with children in Young Offender Institutions, Secure Training Centers and Secure Children ’ s Homes in England between February – November 2019 (N ¼ 28 children; 25 interviews, 1 focus group). Framework analysis and grounded theory methodology were applied to the data, and 13 themes were generated. The facilitating properties of good communication, understanding, reciprocal respect, trust, and a sense of fairness in these relationships are highlighted. Positive relationships may be facilitated through the formulation process. The varied experiences of children are considered, highlighting the need for knowledge sharing and training staff in effective helping skills.
{"title":"“I’m not Just Some Criminal, I’m Actually a Person to Them Now”: The Importance of Child-Staff Therapeutic Relationships in the Children and Young People Secure Estate","authors":"J. Jacob, Sophie D’Souza, R. Lane, L. Cracknell, Rosie Singleton, J. Edbrooke‐Childs","doi":"10.1080/14999013.2023.2167893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14999013.2023.2167893","url":null,"abstract":"Therapeutic relationships between children and staff across the Children and Young People Secure Estate (CYPSE) is an under-researched area. The aim of this research is to explore the research question, ‘ what are the key elements of the development and maintenance of effective therapeutic relationships? ’ Qualitative semi-structured interviews and a focus group were conducted with children in Young Offender Institutions, Secure Training Centers and Secure Children ’ s Homes in England between February – November 2019 (N ¼ 28 children; 25 interviews, 1 focus group). Framework analysis and grounded theory methodology were applied to the data, and 13 themes were generated. The facilitating properties of good communication, understanding, reciprocal respect, trust, and a sense of fairness in these relationships are highlighted. Positive relationships may be facilitated through the formulation process. The varied experiences of children are considered, highlighting the need for knowledge sharing and training staff in effective helping skills.","PeriodicalId":14052,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Mental Health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41933520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-17DOI: 10.1080/14999013.2023.2167892
J. Wharewera-Mika, T. Field, N. Wiki, C. Thomson, B. McKenna
Abstract Indigenous people have a right to culturally responsive secure inpatient forensic mental health services (FMHS). Yet, there is a paucity of literature highlighting such facilities. This study aims to provide an exemplar of a culturally responsive Māori minimum secure unit for the indigenous people (Māori) of Aotearoa (New Zealand). A Māori research approach (Kaupapa Māori research) was used to highlight the voice of tāngata whai i te ora (service users), their whānau (family), and Māori kaimahi (staff), to describe life in this service. Personal recovery-oriented care was evident emphasizing developing a sense of cultural identity. This approach was attached to a focus on collective identity to enable people to gain skills to thrive within their whānau, once living in the community. This was achieved through a combination of embedding Māori values and practices into daily life, coupled with a blending of culturally specific and evidence-based programmes. Despite the significant gains demonstrated through the development of this culturally responsive unit, challenges to progress exist. Māori leadership to the unit has been eroded, but those interviewed expressed resolve to navigate a solution. This exemplar provides an international impetus for cultural transformation to meet the needs of indigenous peoples in FMHS.
土著人有权获得符合文化要求的、安全的住院法医精神卫生服务。然而，关于这些设施的文献很少。本研究的目的是为奥特罗阿(新西兰)土著人民(Māori)提供一个对文化有反应的Māori最低保障单位的范例。使用Māori研究方法(Kaupapa Māori研究)来突出tāngata whai i te ora(服务用户)，他们的whānau(家庭)和Māori kaimahi(工作人员)的声音，以描述这项服务中的生活。以个人康复为导向的护理显然强调培养一种文化认同感。这种方法注重集体认同，使人们能够获得技能，在他们的whānau中茁壮成长，一旦生活在社区中。这是通过将Māori的价值观和实践融入日常生活，再加上结合特定文化和循证方案来实现的。尽管通过发展这个对文化有反应的单位取得了重大进展，但仍存在阻碍进展的挑战。Māori对该单位的领导已经受到侵蚀，但受访者表示决心找到解决办法。这一范例为文化转型提供了国际动力，以满足FMHS中土著人民的需要。
{"title":"A Description of a Māori, Minimum Secure, Forensic Mental Health Unit: A Step toward Equity","authors":"J. Wharewera-Mika, T. Field, N. Wiki, C. Thomson, B. McKenna","doi":"10.1080/14999013.2023.2167892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14999013.2023.2167892","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Indigenous people have a right to culturally responsive secure inpatient forensic mental health services (FMHS). Yet, there is a paucity of literature highlighting such facilities. This study aims to provide an exemplar of a culturally responsive Māori minimum secure unit for the indigenous people (Māori) of Aotearoa (New Zealand). A Māori research approach (Kaupapa Māori research) was used to highlight the voice of tāngata whai i te ora (service users), their whānau (family), and Māori kaimahi (staff), to describe life in this service. Personal recovery-oriented care was evident emphasizing developing a sense of cultural identity. This approach was attached to a focus on collective identity to enable people to gain skills to thrive within their whānau, once living in the community. This was achieved through a combination of embedding Māori values and practices into daily life, coupled with a blending of culturally specific and evidence-based programmes. Despite the significant gains demonstrated through the development of this culturally responsive unit, challenges to progress exist. Māori leadership to the unit has been eroded, but those interviewed expressed resolve to navigate a solution. This exemplar provides an international impetus for cultural transformation to meet the needs of indigenous peoples in FMHS.","PeriodicalId":14052,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Mental Health","volume":"22 1","pages":"267 - 275"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43174899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-19DOI: 10.1080/14999013.2022.2151670
Merten Neumann, Louisa Bauer
Abstract In Germany, short leave is an integral part of treatment in forensic psychiatric hospitals. It is believed that the practice has many benefits for patients’ well-being and their treatment progress. However, the risk of an incident in the form of absconding or new offenses may be especially heightened during unsupervised short leave. This study analyzes the impact of unsupervised short leave on treatment progress using a pre-post design with follow-up and a sample of 298 forensic psychiatric patients. Furthermore, incidents on short leave were considered in the analysis. The results of the study suggest that unsupervised short leave can foster treatment progress. However, they also reveal that incidents during leave can disrupt the progress of treatment.
{"title":"The Influence of Unsupervised Short Leave on Treatment Progress in Forensic Psychiatric Hospitals: A Pre-Post Study with Follow-up","authors":"Merten Neumann, Louisa Bauer","doi":"10.1080/14999013.2022.2151670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14999013.2022.2151670","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In Germany, short leave is an integral part of treatment in forensic psychiatric hospitals. It is believed that the practice has many benefits for patients’ well-being and their treatment progress. However, the risk of an incident in the form of absconding or new offenses may be especially heightened during unsupervised short leave. This study analyzes the impact of unsupervised short leave on treatment progress using a pre-post design with follow-up and a sample of 298 forensic psychiatric patients. Furthermore, incidents on short leave were considered in the analysis. The results of the study suggest that unsupervised short leave can foster treatment progress. However, they also reveal that incidents during leave can disrupt the progress of treatment.","PeriodicalId":14052,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Mental Health","volume":"22 1","pages":"243 - 251"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44194639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-11DOI: 10.1080/14999013.2022.2154872
K. Moss, C. Meurk, M. Steele, E. Heffernan
{"title":"Physical Health and Activity of Inpatients under Forensic Mental Health Care: A Cross-Sectional Survey and Audit of Patients in a High Secure Setting in Queensland, Australia","authors":"K. Moss, C. Meurk, M. Steele, E. Heffernan","doi":"10.1080/14999013.2022.2154872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14999013.2022.2154872","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14052,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Mental Health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42059156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-10DOI: 10.1080/14999013.2022.2154415
E. Neimeijer, J. Roest, G. van der Helm, R. Didden
{"title":"The Association Between Work Climate and Group Climate in a Secure Forensic Treatment Setting for Individuals with Mild Intellectual Disability or Borderline Intellectual Functioning","authors":"E. Neimeijer, J. Roest, G. van der Helm, R. Didden","doi":"10.1080/14999013.2022.2154415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14999013.2022.2154415","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14052,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forensic Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43632511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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