The study’s goal was to assess the effects of dietary inclusion of dried orange peel (DOP) and dried lemon peel (DLP) on broiler growth performance and meat quality. Five dietary treatments namely basal diet (control); basal diet plus 0.5% DOP; basal diet plus 0.5% DLP; basal diet plus 1.0% DOP and basal diet plus 1.0% DLP were given to 200 one-day-old broiler chicks for 35 days. The results showed that dietary supplementation with 0.5% DLP, 1.0% DOP, and 1.0% DLP significantly increased broiler body weight gain and feed conversion ratio in comparison to the control and 0.5% DOP supplemented groups (P<0.05). The dressing percentage in all supplemented groups was significantly greater, while proportion of breast meat was higher in the 0.5% DLP, 1.0% DOP, and 1.0% DLP supplemented groups (P<0.05). The relative weight of the spleen was significantly higher and that of abdominal fat was lower in the 0.5% and 1.0% DLP supplemented groups (P<0.05). The control group had the highest net profit per broiler followed by the 1.0 % DLP supplemented group. As a conclusion, DOP and DLP can be employed as possible feed additives in broiler diet at a concentration of up to 1% to improve broiler growth performance, meat yield without affecting the profitability.
{"title":"Evaluating the Effects of Dried Orange and Lemon Peelon Growth Performance and Meat Quality of Broilers","authors":"Ahmed ST","doi":"10.47440/jafe.2022.3203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47440/jafe.2022.3203","url":null,"abstract":"The study’s goal was to assess the effects of dietary inclusion of dried orange peel (DOP) and dried lemon peel (DLP) on broiler growth performance and meat quality. Five dietary treatments namely basal diet (control); basal diet plus 0.5% DOP; basal diet plus 0.5% DLP; basal diet plus 1.0% DOP and basal diet plus 1.0% DLP were given to 200 one-day-old broiler chicks for 35 days. The results showed that dietary supplementation with 0.5% DLP, 1.0% DOP, and 1.0% DLP significantly increased broiler body weight gain and feed conversion ratio in comparison to the control and 0.5% DOP supplemented groups (P<0.05). The dressing percentage in all supplemented groups was significantly greater, while proportion of breast meat was higher in the 0.5% DLP, 1.0% DOP, and 1.0% DLP supplemented groups (P<0.05). The relative weight of the spleen was significantly higher and that of abdominal fat was lower in the 0.5% and 1.0% DLP supplemented groups (P<0.05). The control group had the highest net profit per broiler followed by the 1.0 % DLP supplemented group. As a conclusion, DOP and DLP can be employed as possible feed additives in broiler diet at a concentration of up to 1% to improve broiler growth performance, meat yield without affecting the profitability.","PeriodicalId":14096,"journal":{"name":"International journal of food, agriculture and environment","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90430800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study area (Sahel savannah zone of Nigeria) was delineated into five sampling districts, which were further delineated into three localities from where raw and processed sorghum based products were collected. Sorghum based products such as gruel, pap and chincoins “dambu”were sampled using a quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Anthropological measurements of volunteer subjects along with the quantity of food consumed by the respondents was recorded. The mycotoxin concentration in both raw and processed sorghum products was determined using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC/MS). The determined mycotoxins concetrations in both the raw and processed samples were further used to determine the amount of mycotoxins consumed by respondents in different age groups. Aflatoxin induced Hepatocelluar carcinoma (HCC) in was subsequently determined in communities (within the zone) that subsist on such products. Cumulative average daily consumption of sorghum based products was found to be 192.5±8.32g/day, 617.0±16.45g/day, 810.2±23.24g/day and 746.1±21.02g/day for the infants, children, adults and elderly respectively. A significant difference (P = 0.05) exists between the mycotoxins concentration in raw and the processed sorghum-derived products in the study area. Despite the processing methods employed, the values for PTDI and TDI for mycotoxins, were found to be far above the limits sets by the regulatory bodies. The predictive incidence of HCC and the burden aflatoxin induced HCC in the HbsAg+was found to be 479.9/100000, 30.0/100000, 28.8/100000, 172.2/100000 in the infants, children, youth and the elderly respectively.
{"title":"A Possible Link Between Consumption of Sorghum based Products and Prevalence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma In The Sahel Savannah Zone of Nigeria: A Risk Assessment","authors":"Garba Mh, M. Ha, Hadiza Lm, Jigam Aa, Njobeh Pb","doi":"10.47440/jafe.2022.3301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47440/jafe.2022.3301","url":null,"abstract":"The study area (Sahel savannah zone of Nigeria) was delineated into five sampling districts, which were further delineated into three localities from where raw and processed sorghum based products were collected. Sorghum based products such as gruel, pap and chincoins “dambu”were sampled using a quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Anthropological measurements of volunteer subjects along with the quantity of food consumed by the respondents was recorded. The mycotoxin concentration in both raw and processed sorghum products was determined using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC/MS). The determined mycotoxins concetrations in both the raw and processed samples were further used to determine the amount of mycotoxins consumed by respondents in different age groups. Aflatoxin induced Hepatocelluar carcinoma (HCC) in was subsequently determined in communities (within the zone) that subsist on such products. Cumulative average daily consumption of sorghum based products was found to be 192.5±8.32g/day, 617.0±16.45g/day, 810.2±23.24g/day and 746.1±21.02g/day for the infants, children, adults and elderly respectively. A significant difference (P = 0.05) exists between the mycotoxins concentration in raw and the processed sorghum-derived products in the study area. Despite the processing methods employed, the values for PTDI and TDI for mycotoxins, were found to be far above the limits sets by the regulatory bodies. The predictive incidence of HCC and the burden aflatoxin induced HCC in the HbsAg+was found to be 479.9/100000, 30.0/100000, 28.8/100000, 172.2/100000 in the infants, children, youth and the elderly respectively.","PeriodicalId":14096,"journal":{"name":"International journal of food, agriculture and environment","volume":"263 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87066642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effective Antibiotics Against Pathogenic BacteriaIsolated From Herring and Fesikh’s Salted Fish Widely Consumed During the National Egyptian Day of Sham El-Nessim","authors":"Abd El -FatahSI, Abdel-Salam Nm, Ahmed Mbm","doi":"10.47440/jafe.2022.3101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47440/jafe.2022.3101","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14096,"journal":{"name":"International journal of food, agriculture and environment","volume":"os-13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87388885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The experiment was performed by applying different concentration levels of ascorbic acid and yucca extract to assess the production performance of broiler chickens during heat stress. A trial of 300 day-old commercial broiler chicks was carried out on littered floor for a period of 4 weeks. The chicks were randomly allocated into five treatments and each dietary treatment consisted of 4 replicates having 15 chicks in each of the replication. The experimental treatments were follows:T1(control group without any additives),T2(1ml YE with 16L drinking water), T3(200 mg AA per kg feed), T4(1ml YE with 16L drinking water and 200 mg AA per kg feed) and T5(1ml YE with 20L drinking water and 150 mg AA per kg feed). The findings revealed that there had significant effects (P<0.05) in body weight gain, feed consumption and FCR value. Among the treatment groups FCR value found better in T4 group. The results also revealed that the treatments had significant effects(P<0.05) in dressed wings, breast, back, thigh, drumstick. However, in treatment T4 group the carcass weight is better than the other treatment groups.The Hemoglobin, WBC, RBC, Neutrophil, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, PCV and MCV was statistically insignificant(P>0.05) among different treatments.In economic aspect, though total expenditure was lower in control group but higher profit per bird was found in other treatment groups. Therefore, this study suggested that the Yucca extract and ascorbic acid perform better in broiler rearing even they are on stressed condition.
本试验通过添加不同浓度的抗坏血酸和丝兰提取物，评价热应激条件下肉鸡的生产性能。本试验以300日龄商品肉鸡为试验对象，在地上进行了为期4周的试验。试验将雏鸡随机分为5个处理，每个饲粮处理设4个重复，每个重复15只雏鸡。试验处理为T1(对照组，不添加任何添加剂)、T2(叶黄1ml加16L饮用水)、T3(每kg饲料200 mg AA)、T4(叶黄1ml加16L饮用水和200 mg AA / kg饲料)和T5(叶黄1ml加20L饮用水和150 mg AA / kg饲料)。结果显示，不同处理间差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。在经济方面，虽然对照组的总支出较低，但其他处理组的每只收益较高。因此，本研究表明，丝兰提取物和抗坏血酸在肉鸡应激条件下的饲养效果更好。
{"title":"Effect of Ascorbic acid and Yucca Extract Supplementation on the Performance and Hematology of Broiler Chickens Exposed to Heat Stress","authors":"Patoary Mmu, Hossain Mm","doi":"10.47440/jafe.2022.3401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47440/jafe.2022.3401","url":null,"abstract":"The experiment was performed by applying different concentration levels of ascorbic acid and yucca extract to assess the production performance of broiler chickens during heat stress. A trial of 300 day-old commercial broiler chicks was carried out on littered floor for a period of 4 weeks. The chicks were randomly allocated into five treatments and each dietary treatment consisted of 4 replicates having 15 chicks in each of the replication. The experimental treatments were follows:T1(control group without any additives),T2(1ml YE with 16L drinking water), T3(200 mg AA per kg feed), T4(1ml YE with 16L drinking water and 200 mg AA per kg feed) and T5(1ml YE with 20L drinking water and 150 mg AA per kg feed). The findings revealed that there had significant effects (P<0.05) in body weight gain, feed consumption and FCR value. Among the treatment groups FCR value found better in T4 group. The results also revealed that the treatments had significant effects(P<0.05) in dressed wings, breast, back, thigh, drumstick. However, in treatment T4 group the carcass weight is better than the other treatment groups.The Hemoglobin, WBC, RBC, Neutrophil, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, PCV and MCV was statistically insignificant(P>0.05) among different treatments.In economic aspect, though total expenditure was lower in control group but higher profit per bird was found in other treatment groups. Therefore, this study suggested that the Yucca extract and ascorbic acid perform better in broiler rearing even they are on stressed condition.","PeriodicalId":14096,"journal":{"name":"International journal of food, agriculture and environment","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80257472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Akter L, Pal DC, Sultana N, Pervin M, Siddiqi MNH, Karim MR
The morphologic abnormality of cattle and goat livers (collected from slaughterhouses in Mymensinghcity of Bangladesh) were investigated in the present study. The livers of slaughtered cattle (n = 14) and goat (n = 20) were examined by gross visualization, palpation and incision as well as histopathology. The total liver lesion in cattle was 71.4% and in goat was 75%. Grossly, various pathological changes, mainly thickened, rough capsule which was whitish in color, necrotic foci, thickened bile ducts with matured flukes, fibrosis were seen. Histopathologically, necrosis, degenerative changes of hepatocytes, dilated sinusoids, inflammatory infiltrates, granuloma, bile duct hyperplasia, periportal and periductal fibrosis were found in cattle and goat livers. Extensive fibrosis was seen portal areas of liver by Goldner’s trichrome staining. Migratory tracts and immature flukes were seen in intrahepatic bile ducts. Most common cause of liver lesions found in the present study was Fascioliasis in both cattle and goat. It could be concluded that the major gross and microscopic alterationsin the livers of cattle and goat due to Fasciola giganticainfectionreflected tissue damage, which can lead to substantial financial losses in animals and great health problems in human. Therefore, special care and attention are required to ensure that seriously damaged livers of food animals are not passed on for human consumption, and extensive monitoring and epidemiological surveys are necessary to cope this adverse situation
{"title":"Anatomic pathology of cattle and goat liver collected from slaughterhouses in Mymensingh city of Bangladesh","authors":"Akter L, Pal DC, Sultana N, Pervin M, Siddiqi MNH, Karim MR","doi":"10.47440/jafe.2022.3210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47440/jafe.2022.3210","url":null,"abstract":"The morphologic abnormality of cattle and goat livers (collected from slaughterhouses in Mymensinghcity of Bangladesh) were investigated in the present study. The livers of slaughtered cattle (n = 14) and goat (n = 20) were examined by gross visualization, palpation and incision as well as histopathology. The total liver lesion in cattle was 71.4% and in goat was 75%. Grossly, various pathological changes, mainly thickened, rough capsule which was whitish in color, necrotic foci, thickened bile ducts with matured flukes, fibrosis were seen. Histopathologically, necrosis, degenerative changes of hepatocytes, dilated sinusoids, inflammatory infiltrates, granuloma, bile duct hyperplasia, periportal and periductal fibrosis were found in cattle and goat livers. Extensive fibrosis was seen portal areas of liver by Goldner’s trichrome staining. Migratory tracts and immature flukes were seen in intrahepatic bile ducts. Most common cause of liver lesions found in the present study was Fascioliasis in both cattle and goat. It could be concluded that the major gross and microscopic alterationsin the livers of cattle and goat due to Fasciola giganticainfectionreflected tissue damage, which can lead to substantial financial losses in animals and great health problems in human. Therefore, special care and attention are required to ensure that seriously damaged livers of food animals are not passed on for human consumption, and extensive monitoring and epidemiological surveys are necessary to cope this adverse situation","PeriodicalId":14096,"journal":{"name":"International journal of food, agriculture and environment","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77248972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Branch Pruning on the Flowering, Fruiting and Insect-Pest Infestation of Dragon Fruit Varieties (Hylocereussp.)","authors":"Hoque Mn, Hosen Mi, Hannan A","doi":"10.47440/jafe.2022.3102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47440/jafe.2022.3102","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14096,"journal":{"name":"International journal of food, agriculture and environment","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84291980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The experimental study was conducted to investigate the feasibility of wet blue shaving-sand-cement blocks as an alternative building material for conventional clay brick that can be a better management system for solid wastes in the tannery industry. Wet blue shaving (WBS) is one of the highly generated solid wastes from tanneries. There is no significant utilization of this waste. Preparation of building blocks from WBS incorporated with sand-cement would be a promising avenue for this waste management. Wet blue shavings mixed with sand-cement (cement:sand=1:5) in various proportions (0%, 1%, 2%, and 4% by total dry weight) were used to prepare total 48 building blocks (254mm x 127mm x 76.2mm) and their feasibility as a construction material was appraised based on their physical and mechanical characteristics. The Bangladesh Standards and the American Society for Testing Materials standards (ASTM) were used to assess the engineering qualities of the prepared blocks. Among all the composite block specimens, blocks with 1%, and 2% WBS show 17.65MPa, and 13.87MPa compressive strength, respectively in 28 days of water curing. The costs (1292 BDT/100 blocks) of this type of waste management method were found to be favorable. Due to the usage of clay bricks in abundance with the construction sector, the world requires alternatives to prevent the exploitation of the topsoil that makes the soil lose its fertility. As a result, the wet blue shaving composite block is regarded as an environment-friendly alternative among all disposal methods and would be a potential substitute for fired clay brick.
实验研究是为了探讨湿蓝色刨花砂水泥块作为传统粘土砖的替代建筑材料的可行性，这种材料可以成为制革工业中更好的固体废物管理系统。湿蓝色剃须(WBS)是制革厂产生的大量固体废物之一。这种废物没有得到有效利用。从WBS中制备与砂水泥结合的建筑块将是这种废物管理的有前途的途径。湿蓝刨花以不同的比例(0%、1%、2%和4%的总干重)与砂-水泥(水泥:砂=1:5)混合，共制备了48块建筑砌块(254mm x 127mm x 76.2mm)，并根据其物理和机械特性对其作为建筑材料的可行性进行了评估。采用孟加拉国标准和美国材料试验协会标准(ASTM)评估预制砌块的工程质量。在所有复合砌块试件中，WBS含量为1%和2%的砌块在水养护28 d时的抗压强度分别为17.65MPa和13.87MPa。这种废物处理方法的成本(1292 BDT/100块)是有利的。由于建筑行业大量使用粘土砖，世界需要替代方案来防止表土的开采，从而使土壤失去肥力。因此，在所有处理方法中，湿蓝色剃须复合砖被认为是一种环保的替代方法，并将成为烧制粘土砖的潜在替代品。
{"title":"Usage of wet blue shaving in sand-cement blocks: An approach towards solid waste management in tannery","authors":"Shammy Us, Abedin Mz, Rahman Ms","doi":"10.47440/jafe.2022.3306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47440/jafe.2022.3306","url":null,"abstract":"The experimental study was conducted to investigate the feasibility of wet blue shaving-sand-cement blocks as an alternative building material for conventional clay brick that can be a better management system for solid wastes in the tannery industry. Wet blue shaving (WBS) is one of the highly generated solid wastes from tanneries. There is no significant utilization of this waste. Preparation of building blocks from WBS incorporated with sand-cement would be a promising avenue for this waste management. Wet blue shavings mixed with sand-cement (cement:sand=1:5) in various proportions (0%, 1%, 2%, and 4% by total dry weight) were used to prepare total 48 building blocks (254mm x 127mm x 76.2mm) and their feasibility as a construction material was appraised based on their physical and mechanical characteristics. The Bangladesh Standards and the American Society for Testing Materials standards (ASTM) were used to assess the engineering qualities of the prepared blocks. Among all the composite block specimens, blocks with 1%, and 2% WBS show 17.65MPa, and 13.87MPa compressive strength, respectively in 28 days of water curing. The costs (1292 BDT/100 blocks) of this type of waste management method were found to be favorable. Due to the usage of clay bricks in abundance with the construction sector, the world requires alternatives to prevent the exploitation of the topsoil that makes the soil lose its fertility. As a result, the wet blue shaving composite block is regarded as an environment-friendly alternative among all disposal methods and would be a potential substitute for fired clay brick.","PeriodicalId":14096,"journal":{"name":"International journal of food, agriculture and environment","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78646441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Due to having plentiful water resources, Bangladesh offers significant potential for fish farming. Aquaponicsas a bio-integrated multi-trophic system that combines hydroponics (the growing of soilless plants) and re-circulate aquaculture (the culture of fish) to create a symbiotic relationship between fish, microorganisms and plants. This study was carried out for 95 days at the aquaponic laboratory of Khulna Agricultural University (KAU) to access the utilization of waste from tank water as nutrients affecting the growth of both water spinach and fish using two different medias-only bricklets (𝑇1)and mixture of bricklets and used tea leaves(𝑇2). For the purpose of growing vegetables and raising fish, six 20-liter plastic containers and a 750-liter water tank were employed respectively. Fish and water spinach samples were taken every two weeks. Electric conductivity (EC), carbonate (CO3), hydrogen carbonate (HCO3), total nitrogen (Total-N), phosphorous (P), potassium (K), sulphur (S), and sodium (Na) were measured in the soil testing Laboratory at KAU. Bacterial activity in the media and roots of plants was found to be higher in influent water than effluent water, indicating that plants were properly utilizing. "Microsoft Excel 2010" and Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) were used to analyze the descriptive statistics and determine the significance level as well. The greatest average plant measurements for 𝑇1were 36.40±3.55 cm in height, 58.81±23.35 in weight, and 93.90±38.52 in terms of leaves. In 𝑇1and 𝑇2, a total of 1.57 kg and 1.21 kg of water spinach was harvested respectively. The length and weight gain percentages were 61.45 and 155.51 at the conclusion of the trial, while the survival rate and FCR were found to be 100% and 1.51, respectively and at the end of the study average fish production was estimated 9.91 kg. The technique actually produced more fish and vegetables while using less water causing no adverse effects on the environment. Through a symbiotic link between the fish and plants, the system effectively used fish waste in plant development and fish production as well. In order toaddress the environmental issues, the system might be placed in densely populated urban areas to grow fish and vegetables on rooftops and in backyards.
{"title":"Assessing the Utilization of Waste from Aquaponics System as Nutrients Contributing to the Growth of Water Spinach and Tank Fish","authors":"A. B., Y. H., Ray Sm, Khan Mau","doi":"10.47440/jafe.2022.3308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47440/jafe.2022.3308","url":null,"abstract":"Due to having plentiful water resources, Bangladesh offers significant potential for fish farming. Aquaponicsas a bio-integrated multi-trophic system that combines hydroponics (the growing of soilless plants) and re-circulate aquaculture (the culture of fish) to create a symbiotic relationship between fish, microorganisms and plants. This study was carried out for 95 days at the aquaponic laboratory of Khulna Agricultural University (KAU) to access the utilization of waste from tank water as nutrients affecting the growth of both water spinach and fish using two different medias-only bricklets (𝑇1)and mixture of bricklets and used tea leaves(𝑇2). For the purpose of growing vegetables and raising fish, six 20-liter plastic containers and a 750-liter water tank were employed respectively. Fish and water spinach samples were taken every two weeks. Electric conductivity (EC), carbonate (CO3), hydrogen carbonate (HCO3), total nitrogen (Total-N), phosphorous (P), potassium (K), sulphur (S), and sodium (Na) were measured in the soil testing Laboratory at KAU. Bacterial activity in the media and roots of plants was found to be higher in influent water than effluent water, indicating that plants were properly utilizing. \"Microsoft Excel 2010\" and Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) were used to analyze the descriptive statistics and determine the significance level as well. The greatest average plant measurements for 𝑇1were 36.40±3.55 cm in height, 58.81±23.35 in weight, and 93.90±38.52 in terms of leaves. In 𝑇1and 𝑇2, a total of 1.57 kg and 1.21 kg of water spinach was harvested respectively. The length and weight gain percentages were 61.45 and 155.51 at the conclusion of the trial, while the survival rate and FCR were found to be 100% and 1.51, respectively and at the end of the study average fish production was estimated 9.91 kg. The technique actually produced more fish and vegetables while using less water causing no adverse effects on the environment. Through a symbiotic link between the fish and plants, the system effectively used fish waste in plant development and fish production as well. In order toaddress the environmental issues, the system might be placed in densely populated urban areas to grow fish and vegetables on rooftops and in backyards.","PeriodicalId":14096,"journal":{"name":"International journal of food, agriculture and environment","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78603507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Entrepreneurship means creating wealth through togetherness of resources in new ways to start and operate an enterprise. Farmers can explore the enormous opportunities associated the value chain as source of livelihood. Pitching tent as an entrepreneur around rice value chain will serve as another source of income to compliment the profit to be generated during cultivation. The rate at which rural farmers involve in value chain is not encouraging and this has given room for the activities of middlemen and maximize the advantage at the detriment of the farmers. The study assessed the participation of farmers in the value chain of rice entrepreneurial activities in Kwara State, Nigeria, with the following objectives: identify sources of information available for the Rice Entrepreneurs; describe the attitude of rice entrepreneur towards rice entrepreneurial activities; assess the participation of rice entrepreneurial activities in the value chain. Multistage sampling technique was used to obtain primary data from 400 respondents in the study area using structured questionnaire. Structured interview schedule Findings revealed that fellow entrepreneurs (0.89) and radio (0.79) were the major source of the information of the respondents. Majority of the respondent have positive attitude towards rice entrepreneur activities in the study area. Also the respondent were majorly into processing and marketing value chain. The study concludes that the respondent participated greatly in processing and marketing. The study recommends that the government to make policy that will mobilize more women into rice entrepreneurs activities to improve their standard of living and Agricultural extension agent should be more proactive in services delivery.
{"title":"Assessment of Farmers' Participation in the Value Chain of Rice Entrepreneurial Activities in Kwara State, Nigeria","authors":"Adesiji Gb, Joseph Jk, Gunu U, Adelowo Jy","doi":"10.47440/jafe.2022.3302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47440/jafe.2022.3302","url":null,"abstract":"Entrepreneurship means creating wealth through togetherness of resources in new ways to start and operate an enterprise. Farmers can explore the enormous opportunities associated the value chain as source of livelihood. Pitching tent as an entrepreneur around rice value chain will serve as another source of income to compliment the profit to be generated during cultivation. The rate at which rural farmers involve in value chain is not encouraging and this has given room for the activities of middlemen and maximize the advantage at the detriment of the farmers. The study assessed the participation of farmers in the value chain of rice entrepreneurial activities in Kwara State, Nigeria, with the following objectives: identify sources of information available for the Rice Entrepreneurs; describe the attitude of rice entrepreneur towards rice entrepreneurial activities; assess the participation of rice entrepreneurial activities in the value chain. Multistage sampling technique was used to obtain primary data from 400 respondents in the study area using structured questionnaire. Structured interview schedule Findings revealed that fellow entrepreneurs (0.89) and radio (0.79) were the major source of the information of the respondents. Majority of the respondent have positive attitude towards rice entrepreneur activities in the study area. Also the respondent were majorly into processing and marketing value chain. The study concludes that the respondent participated greatly in processing and marketing. The study recommends that the government to make policy that will mobilize more women into rice entrepreneurs activities to improve their standard of living and Agricultural extension agent should be more proactive in services delivery.","PeriodicalId":14096,"journal":{"name":"International journal of food, agriculture and environment","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80123530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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