For Ethiopia’s rural homes, particularly those in the Delanta district, fuelwood is the primary energy source. This suggests that the impact of fuel wood from the forest to family energy use or income is significant. The goal of the current study was to estimate how much annual fuel wood harvested from forests contributes to household consumption and monetary income. 96% of the forest’s income comes from fuelwood. In the study area, it contributes 2,013,539 Birr, or 33%, of all family income. 703,014 ETB, or 23.8% of the total subsistence income, and 1,310,525 ETB, or 40.65% of the total cash income of the tested households, are both covered by fuelwood from the forest. Both socioeconomic and physical characteristics close to the users influenced how dependent a household was on fuelwood income from the forest. The data obtained from randomly selected households by survey method have been subjected to multiple regression analysis and obtained that households’ reliance on fuelwood income from the forest was significantly influenced by factors such as age, educational level, number of trees owned, distance to forest, distance to market, and nonforest income, all of which had a negative and significant impact. The only significant factor that significantly and positively influences reliance on fuelwood income from the forest is the number of family members. Therefore, preserving a natural forest through the use of alternative energy sources, such as electricity, or encouraging a plantation on one’s own property is a potential discipline for mandating climate change prevention.
{"title":"Contribution of Fuel Wood Income from Natural Forests to Household Economy in Delanta District, Northeastern Ethiopia","authors":"Sintayehu Eshetu, Y. Tesfaye","doi":"10.1155/2024/8768568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/8768568","url":null,"abstract":"For Ethiopia’s rural homes, particularly those in the Delanta district, fuelwood is the primary energy source. This suggests that the impact of fuel wood from the forest to family energy use or income is significant. The goal of the current study was to estimate how much annual fuel wood harvested from forests contributes to household consumption and monetary income. 96% of the forest’s income comes from fuelwood. In the study area, it contributes 2,013,539 Birr, or 33%, of all family income. 703,014 ETB, or 23.8% of the total subsistence income, and 1,310,525 ETB, or 40.65% of the total cash income of the tested households, are both covered by fuelwood from the forest. Both socioeconomic and physical characteristics close to the users influenced how dependent a household was on fuelwood income from the forest. The data obtained from randomly selected households by survey method have been subjected to multiple regression analysis and obtained that households’ reliance on fuelwood income from the forest was significantly influenced by factors such as age, educational level, number of trees owned, distance to forest, distance to market, and nonforest income, all of which had a negative and significant impact. The only significant factor that significantly and positively influences reliance on fuelwood income from the forest is the number of family members. Therefore, preserving a natural forest through the use of alternative energy sources, such as electricity, or encouraging a plantation on one’s own property is a potential discipline for mandating climate change prevention.","PeriodicalId":14099,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forestry Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140972438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mequannt Marie, D. Lemessa, Ebrahim Esa, Behailu Tadesse, Hossein Azadi
Agroforestry practices provide multiple ecosystem services in agricultural landscapes. However, within the local context, local communities hold divergent perceptions regarding the various roles of agroforestry, particularly in the Afrotropical Region. Hence, understanding these drivers is critical for adopting and promoting sustainable agroforestry practices. Here, we examined the factors that influenced farmers’ perceptions towards the socioecological benefits of agroforestry practices. A multistage stratified random sampling technique was applied to select 90 households along an urban-rural gradient. The data were gathered through semi-structured questionnaires and key informant interviews and analyzed using a descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, general linear model, and redundancy analysis with the help of R software version 4.3.2. The findings showed that approximately 69.7% of the respondents strongly agreed that agroforestry practices had benefits for society and the environment. However, 11.1% were neutral, and the others disagreed. The results of the general linear model analysis showed that household age, agricultural experience, access to land certification books, and training on tree conservation had a significantly positive effect on farmers’ perceptions of the advantages of agroforestry practices. Furthermore, farmers’ perceptions of the benefits of agroforestry in terms of income generation, educational and cultural values, and climate change mitigation were dependent on household age and farming experience. Overall, this study provides useful insights into the drivers of farmers’ perceptions of the advantages of agroforestry practices in Northwest Ethiopia. The findings of this study underscore the need for policymakers and practitioners to consider sociodemographic and institutional factors that influence farmers’ perceptions when developing policies and plans to advance the adoption and promote sustainable management of agroforestry practices. This supports the widespread adoption of agroforestry practices in tropical agroecosystems.
农林业实践为农业景观提供了多种生态系统服务。然而，在当地环境中，当地社区对农林业的各种作用持有不同的看法，尤其是在非洲热带地区。因此，了解这些驱动因素对于采用和推广可持续农林业实践至关重要。在此，我们研究了影响农民对农林业实践的社会生态效益的看法的因素。我们采用多阶段分层随机抽样技术，沿城乡梯度抽取了 90 户农户。数据通过半结构式问卷和关键信息提供者访谈收集，并在 R 软件 4.3.2 版本的帮助下使用描述性统计、卡方检验、一般线性模型和冗余分析进行分析。调查结果显示，约 69.7% 的受访者非常同意农林业实践对社会和环境有益。然而，11.1% 的受访者持中立态度，其他受访者则表示不同意。一般线性模型分析的结果表明，家庭年龄、农业经验、获得土地认证书的机会和树木保护培训对农民对农林业实践好处的看法有显著的正向影响。此外，农民对农林业在创收、教育和文化价值以及减缓气候变化方面的益处的看法取决于家庭年龄和农业经验。总之，本研究为了解埃塞俄比亚西北部农民对农林业实践优势的看法提供了有益的启示。本研究的结果强调，政策制定者和实践者在制定政策和计划以推动农林业实践的采用和促进可持续管理时，需要考虑影响农民看法的社会人口和制度因素。这为在热带农业生态系统中广泛采用农林业做法提供了支持。
{"title":"Determinants of Farmers’ Perceptions towards Socioecological Benefits of Agroforestry Practices in Northwestern Ethiopia","authors":"Mequannt Marie, D. Lemessa, Ebrahim Esa, Behailu Tadesse, Hossein Azadi","doi":"10.1155/2024/5543119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/5543119","url":null,"abstract":"Agroforestry practices provide multiple ecosystem services in agricultural landscapes. However, within the local context, local communities hold divergent perceptions regarding the various roles of agroforestry, particularly in the Afrotropical Region. Hence, understanding these drivers is critical for adopting and promoting sustainable agroforestry practices. Here, we examined the factors that influenced farmers’ perceptions towards the socioecological benefits of agroforestry practices. A multistage stratified random sampling technique was applied to select 90 households along an urban-rural gradient. The data were gathered through semi-structured questionnaires and key informant interviews and analyzed using a descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, general linear model, and redundancy analysis with the help of R software version 4.3.2. The findings showed that approximately 69.7% of the respondents strongly agreed that agroforestry practices had benefits for society and the environment. However, 11.1% were neutral, and the others disagreed. The results of the general linear model analysis showed that household age, agricultural experience, access to land certification books, and training on tree conservation had a significantly positive effect on farmers’ perceptions of the advantages of agroforestry practices. Furthermore, farmers’ perceptions of the benefits of agroforestry in terms of income generation, educational and cultural values, and climate change mitigation were dependent on household age and farming experience. Overall, this study provides useful insights into the drivers of farmers’ perceptions of the advantages of agroforestry practices in Northwest Ethiopia. The findings of this study underscore the need for policymakers and practitioners to consider sociodemographic and institutional factors that influence farmers’ perceptions when developing policies and plans to advance the adoption and promote sustainable management of agroforestry practices. This supports the widespread adoption of agroforestry practices in tropical agroecosystems.","PeriodicalId":14099,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forestry Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140994089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study was conducted to determine the most suitable soil amendment for germination and early seedling growth of selected indigenous multipurpose agroforestry tree species, viz., Cordia africana, Fiadherbia albida, Millettia ferruginea, and Moringa stenopetala at Haramaya University, Ethiopia. Seedlings were raised in polythene tubes having 10 cm diameter and 15 cm height and the experimental plots were laid out with eight treatments (i.e., potting soil mixture of, A = agricultural soil, M = manure, S = sand, D = DAP, and U = Urea) and three replications. The morphological attributes of seedlings such as shoot and root height, root collar diameter, leaf area were measured to assess tree seedlings vigor and robustness. Analysis of variance indicated that the shoot height of C. africana, F. albida, and M. ferruginea were significantly different (P<0.05) whereas shoot height of M. stenopetala was highly significant (P<0.01). Actual leaf area (cm2) of F. albida and M. stenopetala were significantly different (P<0.05) and estimated leaf area (cm2) of the four species were highly significant at (P<0.01). Treatment 8 (3A: 2M: 1S) for C. africana, treatment 5 (3A: 2M: 1S: 23U) for F. albida and treatment 2 (2A: 2M: 2S: 25D) for both M. stenopetala and M. ferruginea exhibited the lowest sturdiness quotient, which indicates that they are good-quality seedling for plantation. The shoot-to-height ratio indicated positive correlation with most seedling growth parameters whereas root collar diameter and sturdiness quotient showed negative correlation for all species. Treatment 3 (3A: 2M: 1S: 75D) is recommended as the best pot soil mix and fertilization compared to all other treatments, though it needs further study.
该研究旨在确定最适合埃塞俄比亚哈拉马亚大学选定的本土多用途农林树种（即非洲堇、白藜、铁线莲和辣木）发芽和幼苗生长的土壤改良剂。幼苗在直径为 10 厘米、高 15 厘米的聚乙烯管中培育，实验田采用八种处理（即 A = 农用土、M = 粪便、S = 沙、D = DAP 和 U = 尿素的盆栽土壤混合物）和三次重复。测量了幼苗的形态特征，如芽高和根高、根颈直径、叶面积，以评估树苗的活力和健壮性。方差分析表明，C. africana、F. albida 和 M. ferruginea 的芽高差异显著（P<0.05），而 M. stenopetala 的芽高差异非常显著（P<0.01）。F. albida 和 M. stenopetala 的实际叶面积（平方厘米）差异显著（P<0.05），四种植物的估计叶面积（平方厘米）差异显著（P<0.01）。C. africana 的处理 8（3A: 2M: 1S）、F. albida 的处理 5（3A: 2M: 1S: 23U）和 M. stenopetala 和 M. ferruginea 的处理 2（2A: 2M: 2S: 25D）均表现出最低的结实商数，表明它们是优质的种植苗。芽高比与大多数幼苗生长参数呈正相关，而根领直径和坚固性商与所有物种均呈负相关。与其他处理相比，建议采用处理 3（3A: 2M: 1S: 75D）作为最佳盆土组合和施肥方式，但仍需进一步研究。
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Impact of Soil Mixture and Fertilization on Growth and Seedling Quality of Selected Agroforestry Tree Species","authors":"Belete Alemu, Tessemma Toru, Solomon Estifanos","doi":"10.1155/2024/6459215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/6459215","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted to determine the most suitable soil amendment for germination and early seedling growth of selected indigenous multipurpose agroforestry tree species, viz., Cordia africana, Fiadherbia albida, Millettia ferruginea, and Moringa stenopetala at Haramaya University, Ethiopia. Seedlings were raised in polythene tubes having 10 cm diameter and 15 cm height and the experimental plots were laid out with eight treatments (i.e., potting soil mixture of, A = agricultural soil, M = manure, S = sand, D = DAP, and U = Urea) and three replications. The morphological attributes of seedlings such as shoot and root height, root collar diameter, leaf area were measured to assess tree seedlings vigor and robustness. Analysis of variance indicated that the shoot height of C. africana, F. albida, and M. ferruginea were significantly different (P<0.05) whereas shoot height of M. stenopetala was highly significant (P<0.01). Actual leaf area (cm2) of F. albida and M. stenopetala were significantly different (P<0.05) and estimated leaf area (cm2) of the four species were highly significant at (P<0.01). Treatment 8 (3A: 2M: 1S) for C. africana, treatment 5 (3A: 2M: 1S: 23U) for F. albida and treatment 2 (2A: 2M: 2S: 25D) for both M. stenopetala and M. ferruginea exhibited the lowest sturdiness quotient, which indicates that they are good-quality seedling for plantation. The shoot-to-height ratio indicated positive correlation with most seedling growth parameters whereas root collar diameter and sturdiness quotient showed negative correlation for all species. Treatment 3 (3A: 2M: 1S: 75D) is recommended as the best pot soil mix and fertilization compared to all other treatments, though it needs further study.","PeriodicalId":14099,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forestry Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140992866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. A. Gallardo-Cruz, J. V. Solórzano, Edgar J. González, J. Meave
The availability of high-resolution satellite imagery has boosted the modelling of tropical forest attributes based on texture metrics derived from grey-level co-occurrence matrices (GLCMs). This procedure has shown that GLCM metrics are good predictors of vegetation attributes. Nonetheless, the procedure is also sensitive to the scale of analysis (image resolution and plot size). This study aimed to analyse the effect of spatial scale on the modelling of forest attributes, and to provide some ecological insight into such effect. Nineteen 32 × 32 m sampling plots were used to quantify forest structure (basal area: BA; mean height: H; standard deviation of height, HSD; density, D; and aboveground biomass, AGB). The 19 plots were subdivided into four 16 × 16 m, one of which was subdivided into four 8 × 8 m plots. To match this design, 12 GLCM metrics were calculated from a GeoEye-1 image (pixel size ≤ 2 m) using a 5-, 9-, and 21-pixel window from the R, NIR, NDVI, and EVI bands. For each of the windows, we modelled the five structural variables as linear combinations of the 12 metrics through linear models. The modelling potential ranged from high (R2 = 0.70) to low (0.11). H was the best-predicted attribute; this occurred at the smallest scale, with increasing scales producing lower R2 values. The second best-predicted attribute was HSD, which peaked at the intermediate scale. D and AGB displayed a similar pattern. BA was the only attribute best predicted at the largest scale. Thus, in predicting tropical forest attributes from GLCM-derived texture metrics, the spatial scale to be used should reflect the spatial scale at which ecological processes occur. Therefore, understanding how ecological processes express themselves in a remotely sensed image becomes a critical task.
{"title":"The Effect of Spatial Scale on the Prediction of Tropical Forest Attributes from Image Texture","authors":"J. A. Gallardo-Cruz, J. V. Solórzano, Edgar J. González, J. Meave","doi":"10.1155/2024/7178211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/7178211","url":null,"abstract":"The availability of high-resolution satellite imagery has boosted the modelling of tropical forest attributes based on texture metrics derived from grey-level co-occurrence matrices (GLCMs). This procedure has shown that GLCM metrics are good predictors of vegetation attributes. Nonetheless, the procedure is also sensitive to the scale of analysis (image resolution and plot size). This study aimed to analyse the effect of spatial scale on the modelling of forest attributes, and to provide some ecological insight into such effect. Nineteen 32 × 32 m sampling plots were used to quantify forest structure (basal area: BA; mean height: H; standard deviation of height, HSD; density, D; and aboveground biomass, AGB). The 19 plots were subdivided into four 16 × 16 m, one of which was subdivided into four 8 × 8 m plots. To match this design, 12 GLCM metrics were calculated from a GeoEye-1 image (pixel size ≤ 2 m) using a 5-, 9-, and 21-pixel window from the R, NIR, NDVI, and EVI bands. For each of the windows, we modelled the five structural variables as linear combinations of the 12 metrics through linear models. The modelling potential ranged from high (R2 = 0.70) to low (0.11). H was the best-predicted attribute; this occurred at the smallest scale, with increasing scales producing lower R2 values. The second best-predicted attribute was HSD, which peaked at the intermediate scale. D and AGB displayed a similar pattern. BA was the only attribute best predicted at the largest scale. Thus, in predicting tropical forest attributes from GLCM-derived texture metrics, the spatial scale to be used should reflect the spatial scale at which ecological processes occur. Therefore, understanding how ecological processes express themselves in a remotely sensed image becomes a critical task.","PeriodicalId":14099,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forestry Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140659167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ayane Emília Dantas dos Santos, C. Fajardo, Vivian Raquel Bezerra de Sousa, Fábio de Almeida Vieira
Amburana cearensis (Fabaceae) is a native tree of the Brazilian northeastern semiarid region, which has considerable economic, medicinal, and social importance, especially in the Caatinga biome. This study aims to identify the scientific knowledge generated about the pharmacological applicability of the species. We analyzed scientific works on the widespread pharmacological use of A. cearensis, adopting the scientometric research method. The medicinal properties were classified according to the uses mentioned in the manuscripts, considering body systems and treated symptoms. They were associated with the International Classification of Diseases and Related Health. We identified a total of 86 articles addressing the medicinal potential of the species, distributed in 57 journals published between 2005 and 2023. There was a significant increase in publications during the period evaluated. Also, the species has been widely used in traditional medicine, which has attracted new studies, especially experimental ones focusing on unraveling its pharmacological potential. One trend observed was a significant geographic bias, since most of the studies investigated were carried out by researchers linked to Brazilian institutions located mainly in the northeast. This region includes the largest number of species occurrence points, explaining the interest of these institutions in recognizing the biological potential of their local or regional flora. In-depth investigations into the medicinal properties and secondary metabolites produced by A. cearensis should continue so that its therapeutic benefits are fully understood. However, it is necessary to link research into chemical and pharmacological properties with consideration of the importance of sustainable management of the species, since it faces risks of extinction. We acknowledge that an earlier version of this manuscript was presented as a dissertation by Ayane Emília Dantas dos Santos to fulfil the academic requirements for the degree of Forest Science at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. The dissertation is available for reference at the following link: https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/bitstream/123456789/46918/1/Cienciometriaetnobotanicamodelagem_Santos_2022.pdf.
Amburana cearensis（豆科）是巴西东北部半干旱地区的一种原生树种，具有相当重要的经济、药用和社会意义，尤其是在卡廷加生物群落中。本研究旨在确定有关该物种药理应用性的科学知识。我们采用科学计量学研究方法，分析了有关 A. cearensis 广泛药用价值的科学著作。根据手稿中提到的用途，考虑到身体系统和治疗症状，对药用特性进行了分类。它们与《国际疾病与相关健康分类》相关联。我们在 2005 年至 2023 年期间发表的 57 种期刊中，共发现了 86 篇涉及该物种药用潜力的文章。在评估期间，该物种的论文数量大幅增加。此外，该物种在传统医学中被广泛使用，这也吸引了新的研究，尤其是侧重于揭示其药理潜力的实验研究。观察到的一个趋势是明显的地域偏差，因为大多数调查研究都是由与主要位于东北部的巴西机构有联系的研究人员进行的。该地区的物种出现点数量最多，说明这些机构对认识当地或区域植物区系的生物潜力很感兴趣。应继续深入研究 A. cearensis 的药用特性和产生的次级代谢物，以便充分了解其治疗功效。不过，有必要将化学和药理特性研究与可持续管理该物种的重要性联系起来，因为该物种面临灭绝的风险。我们承认，本手稿的早期版本是 Ayane Emília Dantas dos Santos 为满足北里奥格兰德联邦大学森林科学学位的学术要求而提交的论文。该论文可通过以下链接查阅：https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/bitstream/123456789/46918/1/Cienciometriaetnobotanicamodelagem_Santos_2022.pdf。
{"title":"Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Amburana cearensis: A Scientometric Study on an Endangered Medicinal Tree","authors":"Ayane Emília Dantas dos Santos, C. Fajardo, Vivian Raquel Bezerra de Sousa, Fábio de Almeida Vieira","doi":"10.1155/2024/1699607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/1699607","url":null,"abstract":"Amburana cearensis (Fabaceae) is a native tree of the Brazilian northeastern semiarid region, which has considerable economic, medicinal, and social importance, especially in the Caatinga biome. This study aims to identify the scientific knowledge generated about the pharmacological applicability of the species. We analyzed scientific works on the widespread pharmacological use of A. cearensis, adopting the scientometric research method. The medicinal properties were classified according to the uses mentioned in the manuscripts, considering body systems and treated symptoms. They were associated with the International Classification of Diseases and Related Health. We identified a total of 86 articles addressing the medicinal potential of the species, distributed in 57 journals published between 2005 and 2023. There was a significant increase in publications during the period evaluated. Also, the species has been widely used in traditional medicine, which has attracted new studies, especially experimental ones focusing on unraveling its pharmacological potential. One trend observed was a significant geographic bias, since most of the studies investigated were carried out by researchers linked to Brazilian institutions located mainly in the northeast. This region includes the largest number of species occurrence points, explaining the interest of these institutions in recognizing the biological potential of their local or regional flora. In-depth investigations into the medicinal properties and secondary metabolites produced by A. cearensis should continue so that its therapeutic benefits are fully understood. However, it is necessary to link research into chemical and pharmacological properties with consideration of the importance of sustainable management of the species, since it faces risks of extinction. We acknowledge that an earlier version of this manuscript was presented as a dissertation by Ayane Emília Dantas dos Santos to fulfil the academic requirements for the degree of Forest Science at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. The dissertation is available for reference at the following link: https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/bitstream/123456789/46918/1/Cienciometriaetnobotanicamodelagem_Santos_2022.pdf.","PeriodicalId":14099,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forestry Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140232836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Improved understanding of relationships among plant traits, stand characteristics, and soil properties can provide insights into the regenerating tree communities of commercial teak plantations. We investigated whether plant traits could be used to predict the natural regeneration of woody species in teak plantations with different soil and stand conditions. Data were collected in fifty 20 m × 20 m plots that were established in teak plantations of varying ages in northern Thailand. We analyzed differences in stand characteristics, soil properties, and community-level functional traits among sites. The RLQ analysis was performed to explore the associations among species abundances, plant traits, and a combined set of soil variables and stand characteristics. Our results showed that tree species with high leaf dry matter contents and high wood density dominated communities in an older teak plantation and were associated with high OM and N concentrations. Trees with larger leaves are increased in plantations that had experienced their first teak thinning, and were rich in organic matter. Species with high specific leaf areas increased in sites with high teak basal areas and which had experienced more intense thinning on fertile soils. Thick-leaved species had high importance values on sites with high densities of teak and infertile soils. Our results indicated that tree communities with similar conspecific traits were associated with specific soil and stand conditions in teak plantations. A knowledge of these regeneration dynamics may allow forest managers to encourage increased natural regeneration and enhanced diversity in commercial teak plantations.
提高对植物性状、林分特征和土壤特性之间关系的认识，可以帮助我们深入了解商业柚木种植园的再生树群落。我们研究了植物性状是否可用于预测不同土壤和林分条件下柚木种植园中木本物种的自然再生。我们在泰国北部不同树龄的柚木种植园中建立的 50 个 20 m × 20 m 的小区内收集了数据。我们分析了不同地点的林分特征、土壤特性和群落级功能特征的差异。我们采用 RLQ 分析方法探讨了物种丰度、植物性状以及土壤变量和林分特征组合之间的关联。我们的研究结果表明，叶片干物质含量高和木材密度高的树种在老柚木种植园的群落中占主导地位，并与高浓度的 OM 和 N 有关。在经历过第一次柚木疏伐的种植园中，叶片较大的树种增多，有机物含量丰富。在柚木基部面积大、土壤肥沃、疏伐强度大的种植园中，叶片面积大的树种有所增加。在柚木密度高、土壤贫瘠的地点，厚叶树种的重要性较高。我们的研究结果表明，具有相似同种性状的树木群落与柚木种植园的特定土壤和立地条件有关。了解了这些再生动态，森林管理者就可以鼓励增加自然再生，提高商业柚木种植园的多样性。
{"title":"Teak (Tectona grandis Linn. f) and Edaphic Factors Affecting the Regeneration of Woody Species and Their Functional Traits in Economic Forest Plantation, Northern Thailand","authors":"L. Asanok, R. Taweesuk, T. Kamyo","doi":"10.1155/2024/2385142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/2385142","url":null,"abstract":"Improved understanding of relationships among plant traits, stand characteristics, and soil properties can provide insights into the regenerating tree communities of commercial teak plantations. We investigated whether plant traits could be used to predict the natural regeneration of woody species in teak plantations with different soil and stand conditions. Data were collected in fifty 20 m × 20 m plots that were established in teak plantations of varying ages in northern Thailand. We analyzed differences in stand characteristics, soil properties, and community-level functional traits among sites. The RLQ analysis was performed to explore the associations among species abundances, plant traits, and a combined set of soil variables and stand characteristics. Our results showed that tree species with high leaf dry matter contents and high wood density dominated communities in an older teak plantation and were associated with high OM and N concentrations. Trees with larger leaves are increased in plantations that had experienced their first teak thinning, and were rich in organic matter. Species with high specific leaf areas increased in sites with high teak basal areas and which had experienced more intense thinning on fertile soils. Thick-leaved species had high importance values on sites with high densities of teak and infertile soils. Our results indicated that tree communities with similar conspecific traits were associated with specific soil and stand conditions in teak plantations. A knowledge of these regeneration dynamics may allow forest managers to encourage increased natural regeneration and enhanced diversity in commercial teak plantations.","PeriodicalId":14099,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forestry Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140428483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lizeth Castro Mercado, Juan José Bravo Bastidas, Juan Carlos Osorio Gómez
The cashew tree relies heavily on the presence of pollinators during the peak receptivity of its flower to facilitate the transfer of pollen from the stamen to the stigma and ensure successful fruit production. Apis mellifera bees play a crucial role as intermediaries in the pollination process of the fruit, simultaneously extracting nectar and pollen from the flowers. The pollination service (PS) is susceptible to various risk factors that, if realized, could impact both the beekeeping industry and cashew production. This article aims to assess the operational risks associated with pollination service for Anacardium occidentale production in Vichada, Colombia, as a strategic measure to safeguard the business’s value. Drawing on expert opinions and relevant literature, nineteen risks were identified, encompassing threats such as fires, thefts, attacks by wild animals, unexpected rains, etc. Following the application of Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA), four risks were prioritized based on their severity and occurrence. Subsequently, Value at Risk (VaR) was employed for risk evaluation. The anticipated loss for the pollination service, resulting from these prioritized risks: 1, 9, 12 and 13, was quantified at $226674 ± $19096 per year for an 8000-hectare margin with a confidence level of 95%. The economic loss for 16000 hectares was $453348 ± $38192. This substantial value is of great significance to the beekeeping sector, translating to a loss of $27.3 per hectare per year and directly impacting the estimated $437824 loss in the cashew sector. Such losses have far-reaching consequences, affecting the livelihoods of peasant beekeepers in the region and potentially discouraging the maintenance of bee colonies and forests.
{"title":"Operational Risk Assessment for the Pollination Service with Apis mellifera Bees in Cashew Crops in Vichada, Colombia","authors":"Lizeth Castro Mercado, Juan José Bravo Bastidas, Juan Carlos Osorio Gómez","doi":"10.1155/2024/8804848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/8804848","url":null,"abstract":"The cashew tree relies heavily on the presence of pollinators during the peak receptivity of its flower to facilitate the transfer of pollen from the stamen to the stigma and ensure successful fruit production. Apis mellifera bees play a crucial role as intermediaries in the pollination process of the fruit, simultaneously extracting nectar and pollen from the flowers. The pollination service (PS) is susceptible to various risk factors that, if realized, could impact both the beekeeping industry and cashew production. This article aims to assess the operational risks associated with pollination service for Anacardium occidentale production in Vichada, Colombia, as a strategic measure to safeguard the business’s value. Drawing on expert opinions and relevant literature, nineteen risks were identified, encompassing threats such as fires, thefts, attacks by wild animals, unexpected rains, etc. Following the application of Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA), four risks were prioritized based on their severity and occurrence. Subsequently, Value at Risk (VaR) was employed for risk evaluation. The anticipated loss for the pollination service, resulting from these prioritized risks: 1, 9, 12 and 13, was quantified at $226674 ± $19096 per year for an 8000-hectare margin with a confidence level of 95%. The economic loss for 16000 hectares was $453348 ± $38192. This substantial value is of great significance to the beekeeping sector, translating to a loss of $27.3 per hectare per year and directly impacting the estimated $437824 loss in the cashew sector. Such losses have far-reaching consequences, affecting the livelihoods of peasant beekeepers in the region and potentially discouraging the maintenance of bee colonies and forests.","PeriodicalId":14099,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forestry Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139842029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lizeth Castro Mercado, Juan José Bravo Bastidas, Juan Carlos Osorio Gómez
The cashew tree relies heavily on the presence of pollinators during the peak receptivity of its flower to facilitate the transfer of pollen from the stamen to the stigma and ensure successful fruit production. Apis mellifera bees play a crucial role as intermediaries in the pollination process of the fruit, simultaneously extracting nectar and pollen from the flowers. The pollination service (PS) is susceptible to various risk factors that, if realized, could impact both the beekeeping industry and cashew production. This article aims to assess the operational risks associated with pollination service for Anacardium occidentale production in Vichada, Colombia, as a strategic measure to safeguard the business’s value. Drawing on expert opinions and relevant literature, nineteen risks were identified, encompassing threats such as fires, thefts, attacks by wild animals, unexpected rains, etc. Following the application of Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA), four risks were prioritized based on their severity and occurrence. Subsequently, Value at Risk (VaR) was employed for risk evaluation. The anticipated loss for the pollination service, resulting from these prioritized risks: 1, 9, 12 and 13, was quantified at $226674 ± $19096 per year for an 8000-hectare margin with a confidence level of 95%. The economic loss for 16000 hectares was $453348 ± $38192. This substantial value is of great significance to the beekeeping sector, translating to a loss of $27.3 per hectare per year and directly impacting the estimated $437824 loss in the cashew sector. Such losses have far-reaching consequences, affecting the livelihoods of peasant beekeepers in the region and potentially discouraging the maintenance of bee colonies and forests.
{"title":"Operational Risk Assessment for the Pollination Service with Apis mellifera Bees in Cashew Crops in Vichada, Colombia","authors":"Lizeth Castro Mercado, Juan José Bravo Bastidas, Juan Carlos Osorio Gómez","doi":"10.1155/2024/8804848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/8804848","url":null,"abstract":"The cashew tree relies heavily on the presence of pollinators during the peak receptivity of its flower to facilitate the transfer of pollen from the stamen to the stigma and ensure successful fruit production. Apis mellifera bees play a crucial role as intermediaries in the pollination process of the fruit, simultaneously extracting nectar and pollen from the flowers. The pollination service (PS) is susceptible to various risk factors that, if realized, could impact both the beekeeping industry and cashew production. This article aims to assess the operational risks associated with pollination service for Anacardium occidentale production in Vichada, Colombia, as a strategic measure to safeguard the business’s value. Drawing on expert opinions and relevant literature, nineteen risks were identified, encompassing threats such as fires, thefts, attacks by wild animals, unexpected rains, etc. Following the application of Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA), four risks were prioritized based on their severity and occurrence. Subsequently, Value at Risk (VaR) was employed for risk evaluation. The anticipated loss for the pollination service, resulting from these prioritized risks: 1, 9, 12 and 13, was quantified at $226674 ± $19096 per year for an 8000-hectare margin with a confidence level of 95%. The economic loss for 16000 hectares was $453348 ± $38192. This substantial value is of great significance to the beekeeping sector, translating to a loss of $27.3 per hectare per year and directly impacting the estimated $437824 loss in the cashew sector. Such losses have far-reaching consequences, affecting the livelihoods of peasant beekeepers in the region and potentially discouraging the maintenance of bee colonies and forests.","PeriodicalId":14099,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forestry Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139782274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wildfires may impact specific soil properties differently, including positive, negative, or neutral effects. However, due to the absence of uniformity in comprehending how wildfires influence soil nutrients, this research endeavors to scrutinize the particular effect of wildfire on selected soil properties in the tropical Shorea robusta forest. We analyzed 42 soil samples obtained from the topsoil of 0–10 cm comprising 21 samples from the fire-affected area and 21 from the fire-unaffected area. The physicochemical parameters of the soil including soil pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus, and available potassium were examined and compared in two sites. The impact of fire was statistically tested after comparing each variable between the two sites. Using the Mann–Whitney U test and the Pearson correlation coefficient, we analyzed the data. The results indicated that the average chemical parameters of the soil except for pH in the fire-affected area (pH = 5.43, SOC = 1.6%, TN = 0.1%, and P=246.85 kg·ha−1) were greater than those in the fire-unaffected area (pH = 5.71, SOC = 1.21%, TN = 0.09%, and P=174.21 kg·ha−1). There were statistically significant differences in the soil parameters, including pH, SOC, TN, and P, but not with K. The soil pH was reduced in the fire-affected area, with a significant positive correlation with SOC, TN, and K. Overall, the low-intensity wildfire facilitated the proliferation of soil chemical properties in the tropical S. robusta forest. Hence, low-intensity wildfire could be a suitable forest management strategy to alter soil nutrient status. Additionally, these findings can aid in enhancing forest fire management strategies for effectively managing the tropical S. robusta forest.
{"title":"Low-Intensity Wildfire Alters Selected Soil Properties in the Tropical Shorea robusta Forest","authors":"Badri Prasad Dhungana, Vivek Thapa Chhetri, C. Baniya, Sundar Prasad Sharma","doi":"10.1155/2024/4686760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/4686760","url":null,"abstract":"Wildfires may impact specific soil properties differently, including positive, negative, or neutral effects. However, due to the absence of uniformity in comprehending how wildfires influence soil nutrients, this research endeavors to scrutinize the particular effect of wildfire on selected soil properties in the tropical Shorea robusta forest. We analyzed 42 soil samples obtained from the topsoil of 0–10 cm comprising 21 samples from the fire-affected area and 21 from the fire-unaffected area. The physicochemical parameters of the soil including soil pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus, and available potassium were examined and compared in two sites. The impact of fire was statistically tested after comparing each variable between the two sites. Using the Mann–Whitney U test and the Pearson correlation coefficient, we analyzed the data. The results indicated that the average chemical parameters of the soil except for pH in the fire-affected area (pH = 5.43, SOC = 1.6%, TN = 0.1%, and P=246.85 kg·ha−1) were greater than those in the fire-unaffected area (pH = 5.71, SOC = 1.21%, TN = 0.09%, and P=174.21 kg·ha−1). There were statistically significant differences in the soil parameters, including pH, SOC, TN, and P, but not with K. The soil pH was reduced in the fire-affected area, with a significant positive correlation with SOC, TN, and K. Overall, the low-intensity wildfire facilitated the proliferation of soil chemical properties in the tropical S. robusta forest. Hence, low-intensity wildfire could be a suitable forest management strategy to alter soil nutrient status. Additionally, these findings can aid in enhancing forest fire management strategies for effectively managing the tropical S. robusta forest.","PeriodicalId":14099,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forestry Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139683948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An ecological study of the vegetation in the Loka Abaya National Park, in the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia, was conducted. Vegetation data and some environmental variables including physical and chemical properties of the soil, altitude, slope, and ecological disturbance were collected and subjected to the agglomerative hierarchical classification and ordination with the canonical correspondence analysis. For each of the community groups, the mean and standard errors were calculated from the environmental parameters to characterize the community types and quantitative relationships between environmental variables were analyzed by calculating Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient using the SAS computer software programme. A total of 198 plant species representing 79 families and 139 genera were collected and documented. Seven plant community types, namely, Vachellia brevispica Harms–Rhus natalensis Krauss, Ficus sur Forssk.–Vachellia albida (Del.) A. Chev., Panicum subalbidum Kunth–Cyperus latifolius Poir, Dodonaea angustifolia L. f.–Ximenia americana L., Combretum molle R.Br ex. G.Don–Combretum collinum Fresen., Ilex mitis (L.) Radlk–Olea europaea L. subsp. cuspidata, and Dichrostachys cinerea (L.) Wight & Arn, were identified. Ilex mitis–Olea europaea L. subsp. cuspidata community had the highest species richness, whereas the least species richness was recorded for the Panicum subalbidum–Cyperus latifolius community. The results of vegetation-environment relationships indicated that the measured environmental variables explained 74.99% of the total variation in floristic data. The results of the canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) of community-environment relationships indicated that among measured environmental variables, altitude (r2 0.0548, P<0.01), slope (r2 = 0.0241, P<0.01), pH (r2 = 0.01855, P<0.01), sodium (r2 = 0.01316, P<0.04), CEC (r2 = 0.01424, P<0.03), magnesium (r2 = 0.01282, P<0.04), potassium (r2 = 0.0152, P<0.02), and soil moisture content (SMC) (r2 = 0.01537, P<0.05) significantly explained the variation in species composition of the communities and their distribution. Therefore, ecosystem-oriented biodiversity conservation and restoration strategies will be implemented by considering these significant environmental variables.
{"title":"Ecological Study of the Vegetation in the Loka Abaya National Park, Ethiopia","authors":"A. Assefa, T. Bekele, S. Demissew, T. Abebe","doi":"10.1155/2024/7765688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/7765688","url":null,"abstract":"An ecological study of the vegetation in the Loka Abaya National Park, in the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia, was conducted. Vegetation data and some environmental variables including physical and chemical properties of the soil, altitude, slope, and ecological disturbance were collected and subjected to the agglomerative hierarchical classification and ordination with the canonical correspondence analysis. For each of the community groups, the mean and standard errors were calculated from the environmental parameters to characterize the community types and quantitative relationships between environmental variables were analyzed by calculating Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient using the SAS computer software programme. A total of 198 plant species representing 79 families and 139 genera were collected and documented. Seven plant community types, namely, Vachellia brevispica Harms–Rhus natalensis Krauss, Ficus sur Forssk.–Vachellia albida (Del.) A. Chev., Panicum subalbidum Kunth–Cyperus latifolius Poir, Dodonaea angustifolia L. f.–Ximenia americana L., Combretum molle R.Br ex. G.Don–Combretum collinum Fresen., Ilex mitis (L.) Radlk–Olea europaea L. subsp. cuspidata, and Dichrostachys cinerea (L.) Wight & Arn, were identified. Ilex mitis–Olea europaea L. subsp. cuspidata community had the highest species richness, whereas the least species richness was recorded for the Panicum subalbidum–Cyperus latifolius community. The results of vegetation-environment relationships indicated that the measured environmental variables explained 74.99% of the total variation in floristic data. The results of the canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) of community-environment relationships indicated that among measured environmental variables, altitude (r2 0.0548, P<0.01), slope (r2 = 0.0241, P<0.01), pH (r2 = 0.01855, P<0.01), sodium (r2 = 0.01316, P<0.04), CEC (r2 = 0.01424, P<0.03), magnesium (r2 = 0.01282, P<0.04), potassium (r2 = 0.0152, P<0.02), and soil moisture content (SMC) (r2 = 0.01537, P<0.05) significantly explained the variation in species composition of the communities and their distribution. Therefore, ecosystem-oriented biodiversity conservation and restoration strategies will be implemented by considering these significant environmental variables.","PeriodicalId":14099,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forestry Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139592260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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