The study aimed to assess dairy production and marketing systems in Bona district of Sidama Region, Ethiopia. The district was stratified into urban/peri-urban and rural production systems based on the distance from the Woreda town, market orientation, improved breed availability, and production systems. Each production system was further stratified into Peasant Association where urban/peri-urban system had 7 while rural had 21 Peasant Association. The percentage of Peasant Association selected from each production system was 20 (2 from urban/peri-urban and 4 from rural). A total of 150 households were selected and individually interviewed. Both structured and semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect data on milk production and marketing systems, and challenges hindering dairy development in the study area. The major farming activity a cross the sampled households was dairy production, and the major livestock feed resources used were natural pasture, crop residues and crop aftermaths. The average age at first calving, calving interval and lactation length based on household survey was 53.98±0.19, 25.88±0.13 and 8.9±0.08 months, respectively, for indigenous cows, and 36.98±0.20, 16.04±0.13, and 10.0±0.60 months, respectively, for crossbred dairy cows across both production systems. Milk and butter were found to be marketed mainly through informal marketing systems. Feed shortage, disease, lack of awareness on improved production and marketing practices, shortage of improved dairy cattle breeds and distance to marketing points were listed by the sampled households as the major constraints hindering dairy development in the study area. It is, therefore, concluded that introduction of market oriented extension system, creating access for inputs and establishment of market linkage are crucial to develop dairy in the Woreda.
{"title":"Dairy production and marketing systems in urban/peri-urban and rural dairy production systems in Bona Zuria district of Sidama Region, Ethiopia","authors":"Tsegaye Kassu, N. Ajebu, M. Yoseph","doi":"10.5897/ijlp2022.0805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ijlp2022.0805","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to assess dairy production and marketing systems in Bona district of Sidama Region, Ethiopia. The district was stratified into urban/peri-urban and rural production systems based on the distance from the Woreda town, market orientation, improved breed availability, and production systems. Each production system was further stratified into Peasant Association where urban/peri-urban system had 7 while rural had 21 Peasant Association. The percentage of Peasant Association selected from each production system was 20 (2 from urban/peri-urban and 4 from rural). A total of 150 households were selected and individually interviewed. Both structured and semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect data on milk production and marketing systems, and challenges hindering dairy development in the study area. The major farming activity a cross the sampled households was dairy production, and the major livestock feed resources used were natural pasture, crop residues and crop aftermaths. The average age at first calving, calving interval and lactation length based on household survey was 53.98±0.19, 25.88±0.13 and 8.9±0.08 months, respectively, for indigenous cows, and 36.98±0.20, 16.04±0.13, and 10.0±0.60 months, respectively, for crossbred dairy cows across both production systems. Milk and butter were found to be marketed mainly through informal marketing systems. Feed shortage, disease, lack of awareness on improved production and marketing practices, shortage of improved dairy cattle breeds and distance to marketing points were listed by the sampled households as the major constraints hindering dairy development in the study area. It is, therefore, concluded that introduction of market oriented extension system, creating access for inputs and establishment of market linkage are crucial to develop dairy in the Woreda.","PeriodicalId":14143,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Livestock Production","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90248779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. N., T. A, P. N., N. A. J. Guiekep, T. Helvia, F. Fonteh
A study to investigate the factors affecting hatchability of Archachatina marginata eggs, had 600 eggs collected from snail pens and incubated in treated substrates; moist soil/sawdust mixture (MSD), moist sawdust (MD), moist soil (MSb), dry sawdust (DD) and dry soil (DS) as well as in rearing pens (1 m × 1 m × 0.8 m) containing moist soil (MSp). Results showed that snail egg weights at laying ranged from 250 to 1100 mg (mean of 670±247 mg). Egg lengths and widths ranged from 13.0 to 16.00 mm (mean of 14.88±0.94 mm) and 9.00 - 11.00 mm (mean of 10.80±1.02 mm) respectively. Snail egg hatchability in MSD and MD of 64.0±4.8 and 61.5±3.9%, respectively were better (p<0.05) than in MSp (50.5±4.4%) and MSb (45.5±3.5%) among media in which eggs hatched. Dry Incubation media (DS and DD) had 0% hatchability. Best hatchability was between 50 and 70% humidity. Embryonic mortality showed a reverse trend with MSD (36.0±4.8%) and MD (38.5±3.9%) recording significantly lower (p<0.05) values than MSp (49.5±4.4%) and MSb (54.5±3.5%). Incubation temperature ranged from 17 to 20°C and Incubation duration ranging from 22 to 35 days. Correlated analysis revealed a weak significantly (p<0.05) positive relationship (r=0.097) between egg weight and hatchability and a negative relationship (r=-0.234) between egg weight and embryonic mortality. Therefore, snail eggs could be incubated in moist sawdust and moist soil/sawdust mixture with humidity from 50 to 80%, at temperatures ranging from 17 to 20°C and that snail eggs with higher weights are most recommended for incubation.
{"title":"Factors affecting the hatchability of snail eggs (Archachatina marginata) in the Western Highlands of Cameroon","authors":"R. N., T. A, P. N., N. A. J. Guiekep, T. Helvia, F. Fonteh","doi":"10.5897/ijlp2021.0785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ijlp2021.0785","url":null,"abstract":"A study to investigate the factors affecting hatchability of Archachatina marginata eggs, had 600 eggs collected from snail pens and incubated in treated substrates; moist soil/sawdust mixture (MSD), moist sawdust (MD), moist soil (MSb), dry sawdust (DD) and dry soil (DS) as well as in rearing pens (1 m × 1 m × 0.8 m) containing moist soil (MSp). Results showed that snail egg weights at laying ranged from 250 to 1100 mg (mean of 670±247 mg). Egg lengths and widths ranged from 13.0 to 16.00 mm (mean of 14.88±0.94 mm) and 9.00 - 11.00 mm (mean of 10.80±1.02 mm) respectively. Snail egg hatchability in MSD and MD of 64.0±4.8 and 61.5±3.9%, respectively were better (p<0.05) than in MSp (50.5±4.4%) and MSb (45.5±3.5%) among media in which eggs hatched. Dry Incubation media (DS and DD) had 0% hatchability. Best hatchability was between 50 and 70% humidity. Embryonic mortality showed a reverse trend with MSD (36.0±4.8%) and MD (38.5±3.9%) recording significantly lower (p<0.05) values than MSp (49.5±4.4%) and MSb (54.5±3.5%). Incubation temperature ranged from 17 to 20°C and Incubation duration ranging from 22 to 35 days. Correlated analysis revealed a weak significantly (p<0.05) positive relationship (r=0.097) between egg weight and hatchability and a negative relationship (r=-0.234) between egg weight and embryonic mortality. Therefore, snail eggs could be incubated in moist sawdust and moist soil/sawdust mixture with humidity from 50 to 80%, at temperatures ranging from 17 to 20°C and that snail eggs with higher weights are most recommended for incubation.","PeriodicalId":14143,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Livestock Production","volume":"79 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79647173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The performance of twenty four 6-8 week old apparently healthy male and female weanling rabbits of mixed breed fed diets treated with aflatoxin, which contained 5% sweet orange ( Citrus sinensis ) fruit peel meal was evaluated in an 8 week feeding trial. Sweet orange peels were collected from orange sellers, sun-dried and milled. Fungal strain of Aspergillus flavus was cultured and inoculated into groundnut cake to produce aflatoxin using solid state fermentation method. Treated groundnut cake was incubated for seven days with incremental incubation temperature from 20-25 ºC The groundnut cake was autoclaved, milled and, aflatoxin extracted from 10 g sample of the milled cake with 50 ml chloroform, and its concentration quantified by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). Treated groundnut cake was included at 0, 50, 100 and 150 gram in grower rabbit diets to produce diets T 1 , T 2 , T 3 and T 4 , having 0 ppb, 50 ppb, 100 ppb and 150 ppb aflatoxin, respectively. The rabbits were randomly allocated to four diets at the rate of six per diet, housed singly in rabbit hutches, fed and served water free choice. The result showed significant (P<0.05) negative effect of diets on final live weight, weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, water consumption, protein intake and protein efficiency ratio as the dietary aflatoxin increased from 0 ppb to 150 ppb. Also, diets had significant (P<0.05) negative effect on dressed weight and carcass length and, kidney. Total aflatoxin residue varied significantly (P<0.05) from 0 μg/kg - 2.76μg/kg, 0 μg/kg - 1.94μg/kg and 0 μg/kg - 0.85μg/kg for liver, kidney and meat tissue, respectively as the dietary aflatoxin increased from 0 ppb to 150 ppb. Performance response of rabbits was affected negatively by aflatoxin, thereby showing the inability of 5% dietary inclusion of sweet orange ( Citrus sinensis ) peel meal to mitigate the adverse consequences of aflatoxin intake by rabbit.
{"title":"Performance of weanling rabbits fed aflatoxin treated diets with sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) fruit peel","authors":"S. Soga, O. Oluremi, C. Osuhor","doi":"10.5897/ijlp2021.0787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ijlp2021.0787","url":null,"abstract":"The performance of twenty four 6-8 week old apparently healthy male and female weanling rabbits of mixed breed fed diets treated with aflatoxin, which contained 5% sweet orange ( Citrus sinensis ) fruit peel meal was evaluated in an 8 week feeding trial. Sweet orange peels were collected from orange sellers, sun-dried and milled. Fungal strain of Aspergillus flavus was cultured and inoculated into groundnut cake to produce aflatoxin using solid state fermentation method. Treated groundnut cake was incubated for seven days with incremental incubation temperature from 20-25 ºC The groundnut cake was autoclaved, milled and, aflatoxin extracted from 10 g sample of the milled cake with 50 ml chloroform, and its concentration quantified by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). Treated groundnut cake was included at 0, 50, 100 and 150 gram in grower rabbit diets to produce diets T 1 , T 2 , T 3 and T 4 , having 0 ppb, 50 ppb, 100 ppb and 150 ppb aflatoxin, respectively. The rabbits were randomly allocated to four diets at the rate of six per diet, housed singly in rabbit hutches, fed and served water free choice. The result showed significant (P<0.05) negative effect of diets on final live weight, weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, water consumption, protein intake and protein efficiency ratio as the dietary aflatoxin increased from 0 ppb to 150 ppb. Also, diets had significant (P<0.05) negative effect on dressed weight and carcass length and, kidney. Total aflatoxin residue varied significantly (P<0.05) from 0 μg/kg - 2.76μg/kg, 0 μg/kg - 1.94μg/kg and 0 μg/kg - 0.85μg/kg for liver, kidney and meat tissue, respectively as the dietary aflatoxin increased from 0 ppb to 150 ppb. Performance response of rabbits was affected negatively by aflatoxin, thereby showing the inability of 5% dietary inclusion of sweet orange ( Citrus sinensis ) peel meal to mitigate the adverse consequences of aflatoxin intake by rabbit.","PeriodicalId":14143,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Livestock Production","volume":"10 10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88819766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sandra Olivia, Nkahminyuy Wirnkar Courage, Agbor Etchu Kingsley, Fontanesi Luca, Felix Bilong Bilong Charles, Fewou Moundipa Paul
1 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P. O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon. 2 Institute of Agricultural Research and Development (IRAD), P. O. Box 2067, Yaoundé, Cameroon. 3 Department of Agriculture, Livestock and Derivatives, National Advanced School of Engineering of Maroua, University of Maroua, P. O. Box 814, Maroua, Cameroon. 4 Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Division of Animal Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Giuseppe Fanin 46, 40127 Bologna, Italy. 5 Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P. O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
{"title":"Morphological and serum biochemical characterizations of local pig populations from three different agro-ecological areas of Cameroon","authors":"Sandra Olivia, Nkahminyuy Wirnkar Courage, Agbor Etchu Kingsley, Fontanesi Luca, Felix Bilong Bilong Charles, Fewou Moundipa Paul","doi":"10.5897/ijlp2021.0794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ijlp2021.0794","url":null,"abstract":"1 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P. O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon. 2 Institute of Agricultural Research and Development (IRAD), P. O. Box 2067, Yaoundé, Cameroon. 3 Department of Agriculture, Livestock and Derivatives, National Advanced School of Engineering of Maroua, University of Maroua, P. O. Box 814, Maroua, Cameroon. 4 Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Division of Animal Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Giuseppe Fanin 46, 40127 Bologna, Italy. 5 Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P. O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.","PeriodicalId":14143,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Livestock Production","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80033724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. M., D. S., Rakwadi E., Kemoreng P., M. T., E. K., M. O.
{"title":"Environmental and genetic components influencing mature cow weight in Tswana cattle selected for early growth traits","authors":"I. M., D. S., Rakwadi E., Kemoreng P., M. T., E. K., M. O.","doi":"10.5897/ijlp2019.0587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ijlp2019.0587","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14143,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Livestock Production","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83154148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. M., D. S., Moreri U., Rakwadi E., Kgosikoma O., Kemoreng P., M. O., Chibana K.B.
{"title":"Phenotypic response to mass selection for weaning weight and 18-month weight in Tswana cattle","authors":"I. M., D. S., Moreri U., Rakwadi E., Kgosikoma O., Kemoreng P., M. O., Chibana K.B.","doi":"10.5897/ijlp2019.0591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ijlp2019.0591","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14143,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Livestock Production","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85566513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of this study was to determine the environmental and genetic factors affecting reproductive traits and calf survival from birth to weaning in Tswana breed of cattle. Analyses of environmental and genetic effects for calf survival traits were done using 7223 records of animals which were born between 1996 and 2013 from 1659 dams and 188 sires in 54 contemporaries. Analyses of environmental and genetic effects for age at first calving were done using 818 records of animals born between 1998 and 2013 from 611 dams and 136 sires in 49 contemporaries, while calving interval analyses were done using 1804 records of cows born between 1999 and 2013 from 496 dams and 121 sires in 45 contemporaries. Reproductive traits analysed were age at first calving (AFC) and calving interval (CI). AFC was analysed using univariate animal model while CI was analysed using repeatability model. Calf survival to weaning (CS) was analysed as a binomial trait using generalised mixed linear logistic model with logit as link function in the ASREML program. Significant environmental effects for reproductive traits were selection line, calving year and season. CS was significantly influenced by calf sex, selection line, calf-birth weight and dam age. The estimated heritability values for reproductive traits were 0.07±0.02 for CI and 0.10±0.07 for AFC. Heritability estimate obtained for CS was 0.07±0.05. Low genetic variability obtained in reproductive traits and calf survival to weaning trait indicates that improvement of these traits through genetic selection may prove to be slow.
{"title":"Analysis of environmental and genetic factors influencing reproductive traits and calf survival to weaning in Tswana cattle selected for early growth traits","authors":"I. M., D. S.","doi":"10.5897/ijlp2019.0593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ijlp2019.0593","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to determine the environmental and genetic factors affecting reproductive traits and calf survival from birth to weaning in Tswana breed of cattle. Analyses of environmental and genetic effects for calf survival traits were done using 7223 records of animals which were born between 1996 and 2013 from 1659 dams and 188 sires in 54 contemporaries. Analyses of environmental and genetic effects for age at first calving were done using 818 records of animals born between 1998 and 2013 from 611 dams and 136 sires in 49 contemporaries, while calving interval analyses were done using 1804 records of cows born between 1999 and 2013 from 496 dams and 121 sires in 45 contemporaries. Reproductive traits analysed were age at first calving (AFC) and calving interval (CI). AFC was analysed using univariate animal model while CI was analysed using repeatability model. Calf survival to weaning (CS) was analysed as a binomial trait using generalised mixed linear logistic model with logit as link function in the ASREML program. Significant environmental effects for reproductive traits were selection line, calving year and season. CS was significantly influenced by calf sex, selection line, calf-birth weight and dam age. The estimated heritability values for reproductive traits were 0.07±0.02 for CI and 0.10±0.07 for AFC. Heritability estimate obtained for CS was 0.07±0.05. Low genetic variability obtained in reproductive traits and calf survival to weaning trait indicates that improvement of these traits through genetic selection may prove to be slow.","PeriodicalId":14143,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Livestock Production","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89464958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of this study is to estimate variance-covariance components and genetic parameters for growth traits in Tswana cattle. Genetic analyses for average daily gain (ADGs) and growth traits were conducted using 7223 records of animals which were born between 1996 and 2013 from 1662 dams and 188 sires in 54 contemporary groups. Both univariate and bivariate animal models were used. Heritability estimates for growth traits ranged from 0.12±0.03 for BWT to 0.45±0.03 for EWT while those obtained for ADGs were 0.24±0.03 and 0.31±0.04 for ADG1 and ADG2, respectively. Permanent maternal environmental effects were significant for WWT and ADG1. Substantial maternal genetic effects were observed in BWT, WWT and ADG1. Genetic correlations among growth traits and ADGs ranged from 0.19±0.07 between BWT and ADG1 to 0.99±0.02 between WWT and ADG1. Phenotypic correlations among growth traits and ADGs ranged from 0.19±0.01 between BWT and ADG1 to 0.94±0.01 between WWT and ADG1. The two selected lines significantly improved annual genetic gain for all the growth traits and ADG1. Genetic gain for EWT was optimally enhanced in S2 than in S1. The control line exhibited significant annual genetic gain in WWT which was not anticipated and perhaps attributed to asymmetry of selection response. Substantial genetic variations were observed in all growth traits and ADGs suggesting that growth improvement can be attained through selection for growth rate. High genetic correlations between growth traits and ADGs indicated that selection for one of these traits may result in indirect correlated response on the other traits.
{"title":"Estimates of covariance components and genetic parameters for growth traits in Tswana cattle selected for increased weaning or eighteen-month weights","authors":"I. M., D. S.","doi":"10.5897/ijlp2019.0592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ijlp2019.0592","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study is to estimate variance-covariance components and genetic parameters for growth traits in Tswana cattle. Genetic analyses for average daily gain (ADGs) and growth traits were conducted using 7223 records of animals which were born between 1996 and 2013 from 1662 dams and 188 sires in 54 contemporary groups. Both univariate and bivariate animal models were used. Heritability estimates for growth traits ranged from 0.12±0.03 for BWT to 0.45±0.03 for EWT while those obtained for ADGs were 0.24±0.03 and 0.31±0.04 for ADG1 and ADG2, respectively. Permanent maternal environmental effects were significant for WWT and ADG1. Substantial maternal genetic effects were observed in BWT, WWT and ADG1. Genetic correlations among growth traits and ADGs ranged from 0.19±0.07 between BWT and ADG1 to 0.99±0.02 between WWT and ADG1. Phenotypic correlations among growth traits and ADGs ranged from 0.19±0.01 between BWT and ADG1 to 0.94±0.01 between WWT and ADG1. The two selected lines significantly improved annual genetic gain for all the growth traits and ADG1. Genetic gain for EWT was optimally enhanced in S2 than in S1. The control line exhibited significant annual genetic gain in WWT which was not anticipated and perhaps attributed to asymmetry of selection response. Substantial genetic variations were observed in all growth traits and ADGs suggesting that growth improvement can be attained through selection for growth rate. High genetic correlations between growth traits and ADGs indicated that selection for one of these traits may result in indirect correlated response on the other traits.","PeriodicalId":14143,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Livestock Production","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87039369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study was conducted to characterize the husbandry practices, phenotypic characteristics and determination of live body weight using morphometrical measurements of indigenous sheep types under smallholder management condition in highlands of Gurage zone, Southern Ethiopia. Two districts, Gumer and Ejha were selected purposely based on sheep population distribution, flock size and their contribution to the farmers. Questionnaire survey was used to collect data from 156 households of smallholder farmers who own sheep. Qualitative trait, live body weight and body measurement were taken from a total of 402 indigenous sheep. Live body weights were also associated and predicted using linear body measurements. The mean flock size owned per household was 5.20 and 4.40 sheep at Gumer and Ejha district, respectively. In both districts generating income was the main purpose of sheep rearing followed by saving, meat consumption and manure. Natural pasture and crop residue were found to be the major sources of feed during wet and dry seasons. The main constraints of sheep production were feed scarcity, disease prevalence, market price fluctuation and water shortage. The overall mean age at first lambing and lambing interval were (13.8± 0.4) and (8.3± 0.15) months, respectively, while mean litter size was 1.5head. The majority of sheep were characterized by patchy color pattern and the combinations of brown and / or black and /or white color type which is locally called it “Gerebet”. The overall mean live body weight of male and female sheep was 28.3 and 23.4 kg, respectively. Gumer sheep population had significantly higher linear body measurements (P<0.05) than Ejha district. Sex, age, and sex by age interaction exerted significant differences (p<0.05) on live body weight and linear body measurements. Body weight was significantly (P<0.01) correlated with all linear measurement traits considered in this study. Chest girth and body length were found to be the best predictor of live body weight. Phenotypic characterization indicated variations within the studied population in qualitative and quantitative traits. Hence, there is a great possibility for genetic improvement through selection of rams within the studied population. Thus, implementation of planned genetic improvement strategy through community based breeding program that considers the major constraints hampering sheep production need to be addressed.
{"title":"Husbandry practices and phenotypic characterization of indigenous sheep types in Gurage Zone, Southern Ethiopia","authors":"Kerga Tesfaye","doi":"10.5897/ijlp2021.0770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ijlp2021.0770","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted to characterize the husbandry practices, phenotypic characteristics and determination of live body weight using morphometrical measurements of indigenous sheep types under smallholder management condition in highlands of Gurage zone, Southern Ethiopia. Two districts, Gumer and Ejha were selected purposely based on sheep population distribution, flock size and their contribution to the farmers. Questionnaire survey was used to collect data from 156 households of smallholder farmers who own sheep. Qualitative trait, live body weight and body measurement were taken from a total of 402 indigenous sheep. Live body weights were also associated and predicted using linear body measurements. The mean flock size owned per household was 5.20 and 4.40 sheep at Gumer and Ejha district, respectively. In both districts generating income was the main purpose of sheep rearing followed by saving, meat consumption and manure. Natural pasture and crop residue were found to be the major sources of feed during wet and dry seasons. The main constraints of sheep production were feed scarcity, disease prevalence, market price fluctuation and water shortage. The overall mean age at first lambing and lambing interval were (13.8± 0.4) and (8.3± 0.15) months, respectively, while mean litter size was 1.5head. The majority of sheep were characterized by patchy color pattern and the combinations of brown and / or black and /or white color type which is locally called it “Gerebet”. The overall mean live body weight of male and female sheep was 28.3 and 23.4 kg, respectively. Gumer sheep population had significantly higher linear body measurements (P<0.05) than Ejha district. Sex, age, and sex by age interaction exerted significant differences (p<0.05) on live body weight and linear body measurements. Body weight was significantly (P<0.01) correlated with all linear measurement traits considered in this study. Chest girth and body length were found to be the best predictor of live body weight. Phenotypic characterization indicated variations within the studied population in qualitative and quantitative traits. Hence, there is a great possibility for genetic improvement through selection of rams within the studied population. Thus, implementation of planned genetic improvement strategy through community based breeding program that considers the major constraints hampering sheep production need to be addressed.","PeriodicalId":14143,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Livestock Production","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88106593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Kindossi, Folachod e Akogou, Ogouyôm Herbert Iko Af e, Abdoul Yazid B. Tchani, Fataou Djibrila, F. E.
Thirty-six local young rabbits of 42 days old were used to evaluate their growth performances and sensory characteristics of their meats based on the type of feed. The rabbits were divided into three groups of twelve animals each, that were fed for 56 days with one of three diets: Commercial feed (Cfe), commercial feed supplemented with water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica) (Cfw) and feed composed only of water spinach (Wsp). At the end of the fattening period, rabbits were slaughtered at 1561.8 ± 105.3 g, for physicochemical analysis and sensory evaluation. Meat from rabbits fed with Cfw had protein and fat contents significantly higher (P< 0.05) than meat from rabbits fed with the two other diets. However, the meat from rabbits fed with Wsp had pH and moisture content significantly lower (P < 0.05) and significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those of rabbits fed with the two other diets respectively. The sensory analysis showed that the meats obtained from rabbits fed with the three types of feed were accepted. The panellists particularly appreciated meat from rabbits fed with Cfw for tenderness, juiciness and succulence. Key words: Ipomoea aquatic, rabbit, fattening, meat quality, sensory.
{"title":"Leafy feed supplementation, rabbit growth performance and meat quality: Case study of Ipomoea aquatica","authors":"J. Kindossi, Folachod e Akogou, Ogouyôm Herbert Iko Af e, Abdoul Yazid B. Tchani, Fataou Djibrila, F. E.","doi":"10.5897/IJLP2021.0782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJLP2021.0782","url":null,"abstract":"Thirty-six local young rabbits of 42 days old were used to evaluate their growth performances and sensory characteristics of their meats based on the type of feed. The rabbits were divided into three groups of twelve animals each, that were fed for 56 days with one of three diets: Commercial feed (Cfe), commercial feed supplemented with water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica) (Cfw) and feed composed only of water spinach (Wsp). At the end of the fattening period, rabbits were slaughtered at 1561.8 ± 105.3 g, for physicochemical analysis and sensory evaluation. Meat from rabbits fed with Cfw had protein and fat contents significantly higher (P< 0.05) than meat from rabbits fed with the two other diets. However, the meat from rabbits fed with Wsp had pH and moisture content significantly lower (P < 0.05) and significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those of rabbits fed with the two other diets respectively. The sensory analysis showed that the meats obtained from rabbits fed with the three types of feed were accepted. The panellists particularly appreciated meat from rabbits fed with Cfw for tenderness, juiciness and succulence. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Ipomoea aquatic, rabbit, fattening, meat quality, sensory.","PeriodicalId":14143,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Livestock Production","volume":"22 1","pages":"140-153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86472808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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