Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.59490/649fb045aa79b3c8a01ba96b
Dylan Meehan, Matthew Sheen, David Hansen, Justin Corbett
Some have demonstrated self-balancing bicycles capable of forward riding. Others have shown simulations of trackstanding autonomous bicycles. We show a real bicycle capable of (1) forward riding, (2) trackstanding, and (3) transitioning between these two regimes.
{"title":"A Trackstand-Capable Self-Balancing Bicycle","authors":"Dylan Meehan, Matthew Sheen, David Hansen, Justin Corbett","doi":"10.59490/649fb045aa79b3c8a01ba96b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59490/649fb045aa79b3c8a01ba96b","url":null,"abstract":"Some have demonstrated self-balancing bicycles capable of forward riding. Others have shown simulations of trackstanding autonomous bicycles. We show a real bicycle capable of (1) forward riding, (2) trackstanding, and (3) transitioning between these two regimes.","PeriodicalId":141471,"journal":{"name":"The Evolving Scholar - BMD 2023, 5th Edition","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139364175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.59490/648c083143b3bec00d30df9f
Jules Ronné, L. Dubuis, Thomas Robert
The sudden resurgence in bicycle popularity is pushing their design towards new features. However, the link between the design variables of a bicycle and its handling quality is poorly established. This experimental study illustrates that the perception of handling quality is affected by a lack of stability at low speeds and by poor manoeuvrability at higher speeds.
{"title":"Bicycle handling quality perception: mixed effect of stability and manoeuvrability","authors":"Jules Ronné, L. Dubuis, Thomas Robert","doi":"10.59490/648c083143b3bec00d30df9f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59490/648c083143b3bec00d30df9f","url":null,"abstract":"The sudden resurgence in bicycle popularity is pushing their design towards new features. However, the link between the design variables of a bicycle and its handling quality is poorly established. This experimental study illustrates that the perception of handling quality is affected by a lack of stability at low speeds and by poor manoeuvrability at higher speeds.","PeriodicalId":141471,"journal":{"name":"The Evolving Scholar - BMD 2023, 5th Edition","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117264594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.59490/649e491f3e542128d59873c2
Benjamín González, Felipe Vasquez
Motorcycles are systems with complex dynamic behaviour that can become unstable under certain driving conditions. Avoiding such instabilities from the design stage is not trivial since they depend on various interrelated parameters, one of which is aerodynamics. Aerodynamic forces in a vehicle can be essentially described by its longitudinal (drag) and vertical (lift) components together with its point of application on the vehicle, known as centre of pressure (CoP). Several studies had shown that aerodynamic forces have an influence on stability. Several authors explain that drag influences stability through four mechanisms: dampening lateral motion, and changing weight distribution, tire cornering stiffness, and rake geometry. It is well known that in motorsport performance needs to be enhanced continuously and aerodynamics can be used to this end. Changing the CoP position and the addition of lift force certainly affect the four mechanisms described by (Meijaard, 2006), but their effect on stability had not been described in the literature. Therefore the aim of this research is to extend on (Meijaard, 2006) research, by analysing the influence of CoP position and aerodynamic lift in motorcycle stability in straight line and steady cornering. To this end, we perform a stability analysis on a motorcycle with variable CoP and lift. We consider the CoP ahead, aligned, and behind the motorcycle centre of mass, and in cornering we consider it on both sides of the symmetry plane of the motorcycle to account for rider lateral displacement. The result contributes to the understanding of motorcycle aerodynamics providing new insights into how to use aerodynamics to enhance stability.
{"title":"Influence of aerodynamic lift and centre of pressure position in motorcycle stability","authors":"Benjamín González, Felipe Vasquez","doi":"10.59490/649e491f3e542128d59873c2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59490/649e491f3e542128d59873c2","url":null,"abstract":"Motorcycles are systems with complex dynamic behaviour that can become unstable under certain driving conditions. Avoiding such instabilities from the design stage is not trivial since they depend on various interrelated parameters, one of which is aerodynamics. Aerodynamic forces in a vehicle can be essentially described by its longitudinal (drag) and vertical (lift) components together with its point of application on the vehicle, known as centre of pressure (CoP). Several studies had shown that aerodynamic forces have an influence on stability. Several authors explain that drag influences stability through four mechanisms: dampening lateral motion, and changing weight distribution, tire cornering stiffness, and rake geometry. It is well known that in motorsport performance needs to be enhanced continuously and aerodynamics can be used to this end. Changing the CoP position and the addition of lift force certainly affect the four mechanisms described by (Meijaard, 2006), but their effect on stability had not been described in the literature. Therefore the aim of this research is to extend on (Meijaard, 2006) research, by analysing the influence of CoP position and aerodynamic lift in motorcycle stability in straight line and steady cornering. To this end, we perform a stability analysis on a motorcycle with variable CoP and lift. We consider the CoP ahead, aligned, and behind the motorcycle centre of mass, and in cornering we consider it on both sides of the symmetry plane of the motorcycle to account for rider lateral displacement. The result contributes to the understanding of motorcycle aerodynamics providing new insights into how to use aerodynamics to enhance stability.","PeriodicalId":141471,"journal":{"name":"The Evolving Scholar - BMD 2023, 5th Edition","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128588922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.59490/649be2798f89e6e10a799ec2
Jules Ronné, L. Dubuis, Thomas Robert
The results of this study indicate that the SST evaluation does not provide a validated objective indicator for handling quality on a large sample of the population. As of yet, such indicator remains to be identified.
{"title":"Experimental assessment of SST evaluation as handling quality indicator","authors":"Jules Ronné, L. Dubuis, Thomas Robert","doi":"10.59490/649be2798f89e6e10a799ec2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59490/649be2798f89e6e10a799ec2","url":null,"abstract":"The results of this study indicate that the SST evaluation does not provide a validated objective indicator for handling quality on a large sample of the population. As of yet, such indicator remains to be identified.","PeriodicalId":141471,"journal":{"name":"The Evolving Scholar - BMD 2023, 5th Edition","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124977941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.59490/649d83843c1d0aa96117b8f6
A. Bonci, Alessandro Di Biase, Francesco Gaudeni, M. C. Giannini
The proposed paper aims to introduce the vertical dynamics in an All-Wheel-Drive motorcycle through a front and a rear suspension, modelled with two different spring-damper systems. The motorcycle model has been described with two rigid bodies and ten degrees of freedom.
{"title":"Modelling of vertical dynamics for an All-Wheel-Drive motorcycle","authors":"A. Bonci, Alessandro Di Biase, Francesco Gaudeni, M. C. Giannini","doi":"10.59490/649d83843c1d0aa96117b8f6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59490/649d83843c1d0aa96117b8f6","url":null,"abstract":"The proposed paper aims to introduce the vertical dynamics in an All-Wheel-Drive motorcycle through a front and a rear suspension, modelled with two different spring-damper systems. The motorcycle model has been described with two rigid bodies and ten degrees of freedom.","PeriodicalId":141471,"journal":{"name":"The Evolving Scholar - BMD 2023, 5th Edition","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114339345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-29DOI: 10.59490/649c47752c5a0f618ab54e7a
Timo J. Stienstra, Samuel G. Brockie, J. K. Moore
Despite the publication of many bicycle models, there is yet to exist a common framework for building and extending bicycle-rider models that can be easily shared between researchers. To fill this gap, we have developed BRiM, a modular and extensible open-source framework for creating Bicycle-Rider Models. It uses an established bicycle model, like the Carvallo-Whipple model, which can be extended using components from BRiM's extensive library, or user-defined custom subclasses. It leverages the open-source Python package SymPy, a computer algebra system, to compute the equations of motion. This results in symbolic equations of motion, which, after code generation, can be used to simulate and optimise the model. The effectiveness of BRiM is demonstrated by solving a trajectory tracking problem using a direct collocation algorithm.
{"title":"BRiM: A Modular and Extensible Open-Source Framework for Creating Bicycle-Rider Models","authors":"Timo J. Stienstra, Samuel G. Brockie, J. K. Moore","doi":"10.59490/649c47752c5a0f618ab54e7a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59490/649c47752c5a0f618ab54e7a","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the publication of many bicycle models, there is yet to exist a common framework for building and extending bicycle-rider models that can be easily shared between researchers. To fill this gap, we have developed BRiM, a modular and extensible open-source framework for creating Bicycle-Rider Models. It uses an established bicycle model, like the Carvallo-Whipple model, which can be extended using components from BRiM's extensive library, or user-defined custom subclasses. It leverages the open-source Python package SymPy, a computer algebra system, to compute the equations of motion. This results in symbolic equations of motion, which, after code generation, can be used to simulate and optimise the model. The effectiveness of BRiM is demonstrated by solving a trajectory tracking problem using a direct collocation algorithm.","PeriodicalId":141471,"journal":{"name":"The Evolving Scholar - BMD 2023, 5th Edition","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128633403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-29DOI: 10.59490/648fffb96b711301bfa9adfa
Marcel Keyser, E. Marconi, M. Formentini, Enrico Giolo
This abstract deals with the objective evaluation of the handling and stability behavior of a bicycle through tests and simulations. The aim is tracing guidelines and recommendations for the dynamic characterization of bicycles, and showing how simulation tools from the motorcycle field are a valid means to drive product development.
{"title":"Objective evaluation of handling and stability of a bicycle","authors":"Marcel Keyser, E. Marconi, M. Formentini, Enrico Giolo","doi":"10.59490/648fffb96b711301bfa9adfa","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59490/648fffb96b711301bfa9adfa","url":null,"abstract":"This abstract deals with the objective evaluation of the handling and stability behavior of a bicycle through tests and simulations. The aim is tracing guidelines and recommendations for the dynamic characterization of bicycles, and showing how simulation tools from the motorcycle field are a valid means to drive product development.","PeriodicalId":141471,"journal":{"name":"The Evolving Scholar - BMD 2023, 5th Edition","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125686940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.59490/64999cf248c7df442c1860e8
Donaji Martinez Garcia, Kilian Gröne, Martin Fischer, Min Zhao, Melina Bergen
The aim of the study presented in this paper was to first evaluate a new control logic together with hardware changes done to the DLR bicycle simulator and identify in which areas it is possible to fine tune the simulator so that it allows for a more realistic behavior. For this purpose, two different versions of the simulator will be compared based on objective criteria first in a simulator study and then to data of an equipped research bicycle.
{"title":"Validation of a bicycle simulator based on objective criteria","authors":"Donaji Martinez Garcia, Kilian Gröne, Martin Fischer, Min Zhao, Melina Bergen","doi":"10.59490/64999cf248c7df442c1860e8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59490/64999cf248c7df442c1860e8","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study presented in this paper was to first evaluate a new control logic together with hardware changes done to the DLR bicycle simulator and identify in which areas it is possible to fine tune the simulator so that it allows for a more realistic behavior. For this purpose, two different versions of the simulator will be compared based on objective criteria first in a simulator study and then to data of an equipped research bicycle.","PeriodicalId":141471,"journal":{"name":"The Evolving Scholar - BMD 2023, 5th Edition","volume":"1204 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123636466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.59490/6498e9850d5cf303b8bd2f90
J. Hirasawa
In this article, improvement on a measurement system for position of a motorcycle is described.
本文介绍了一种摩托车位置测量系统的改进。
{"title":"Position Measuring System for a Motorcycle Using Quad Omnidirectional Cameras","authors":"J. Hirasawa","doi":"10.59490/6498e9850d5cf303b8bd2f90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59490/6498e9850d5cf303b8bd2f90","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, improvement on a measurement system for position of a motorcycle is described.","PeriodicalId":141471,"journal":{"name":"The Evolving Scholar - BMD 2023, 5th Edition","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122857162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.59490/6489dcca9da9d2965b06242e
E. Marconi, M. Formentini, Enrico Giolo
A new commercial software package for the minimum-time optimal-control simulation of motorcycles, named OMS (Optimal Maneuver Simulation), is presented. OMS integrates a set of tried-and-tested components (vehicle and road models, solver) in a single software package that allows a team new to minimum-time simulation to kick-start this activity. A typical use case of OMS is performing a sensitivity analysis on some vehicle parameters to assess the effect of different vehicle configurations on the lap-time performance on a given track.
{"title":"OMS: a software package for the minimum-time optimal-control simulation of motorcycles","authors":"E. Marconi, M. Formentini, Enrico Giolo","doi":"10.59490/6489dcca9da9d2965b06242e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59490/6489dcca9da9d2965b06242e","url":null,"abstract":"A new commercial software package for the minimum-time optimal-control simulation of motorcycles, named OMS (Optimal Maneuver Simulation), is presented. OMS integrates a set of tried-and-tested components (vehicle and road models, solver) in a single software package that allows a team new to minimum-time simulation to kick-start this activity. A typical use case of OMS is performing a sensitivity analysis on some vehicle parameters to assess the effect of different vehicle configurations on the lap-time performance on a given track.","PeriodicalId":141471,"journal":{"name":"The Evolving Scholar - BMD 2023, 5th Edition","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133410351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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