International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics最新文献

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into healthcare is accelerating and maternity care is at a pivotal moment for the strategic implementation of these technologies. This article explores how AI-assisted women's health innovations, often termed "FemTech," may transform pregnancy care by addressing long-standing disparities: enhancing diagnostic precision and supporting the obstetric workforce. We outline three domains in which AI is poised to drive change: where women are cared for, how they are cared for, and who delivers their care. First, decentralized AI combined with Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) devices can extend prenatal monitoring into homes, reducing reliance on clinic visits and expanding access for underserved populations. Second, predictive and reinforcement learning algorithms enable personalized, adaptive care across the reproductive continuum, from preconception to postpartum, moving beyond static risk models and uniform treatment approaches. Third, AI has the potential to augment the maternity workforce by offering generative tools for patient engagement, clinical decision support and automation of ultrasound imaging, while ensuring clinician oversight remains central. Future adoption will depend on global economic and geopolitical dynamics, with the USA and China currently leading in patents, publications, and model development. Equitable integration will require explainable AI, transparent validation, multinational benchmark datasets, and robust governance on safety and consent. Ultimately, AI-powered technologies should complement, not replace human expertise, embedding digital innovation within a model of maternity care that preserves empathy and clinical judgment.

Objective: To correlate anthropometric parameters with serum levels of progesterone (P4) for the prediction of ovulation in infertile women.

Methods: Body mass index (BMI), cormic index (CI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), waist-height ratio (WHtR), neck circumference (NC) and triceps skinfold thickness (TSF) were measured for 60 anovulatory and ovulatory infertile women, and fertile controls. Blood samples of the women were taken at the mid-luteal phases of their menstrual cycles to determine their serum P4 levels. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to correlate the anthropometric parameters with serum P4 levels. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was utilized to determine critical anthropometry values to predict ovulation.

Results: Mid-luteal P4 had a significant moderate negative correlation with WHtR (r = -0.346, P = 0.008). Cormic index correlated significantly with WHtR (r = 0.265, P = 0.049). A CI of ≤43.6 was the best predictor of ovulation with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.659 (95% CI: 0.511-0.806), with sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of 78.8%, 57.1%, 75.7%, and 61.9%, respectively. A WHR of ≤0.83 was the second most accurate predictor of ovulation with an AUC of 0.559 (95% CI: 0.404-0.714), with sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV, respectively, of 77.8%, 31.8%, 65.1% and 46.7%.

Conclusion: Cormic index could potentially be used alone or in combination with WHR and WHtR to predict ovulation amongst infertile women, obviating the need for routine costly hormonal assays. This would be especially useful in low-resource settings with high levels of poverty, where insurance does not cover infertility investigations.

Objective: Ascertain whether rapid HIV/syphilis testing is acceptable to pregnant Wayuu women in Riohacha, La Guajira, Colombia, and identify obstacles/enablers to an effective diagnosis.

Methods: Between March 2023 and August 2024, a cross-sectional study was carried out, involving 698 women at less than 27 weeks who had not previously been diagnosed with syphilis or HIV infection. Standard laboratory testing and rapid HIV/syphilis testing conducted. Participant opinions about sexually transmitted infections (STI's), the severity of illness, advantages of testing, and obstacles to diagnosis, obtained using a structured questionnaire with Likert-scale. Descriptive statistical analyses.

Results: In the Wayuu community there is no translation for STI's in the Wayuunaiki language. Disease is understood within social, spiritual, and environmental contexts. More than 60% of participants expressed positive views regarding benefits of rapid testing. Most of the participants recognized the severity of these infections and the possibilities for prevention and treatment. Important barriers: 30.6% reported feeling embarrassed when requesting testing, 19.4% lacked knowledge on how to request it, 14.5% feared a positive result, and 12.3% concerned about disclosing results to their partners.

Conclusion: Rapid HIV/syphilis testing was acceptable. Cultural, informational, and psychosocial barriers limit timely diagnosis. Intercultural strategies, health education, psychosocial support in prenatal care are essential.

Pelvic venous disorders (PeVD) are an underrecognized yet significant cause of chronic pelvic pain (CPP) in reproductive-aged women, characterized by venous reflux, obstruction, or both. This clinical opinion provides a practical overview of PeVD for gynecologists, outlining its pathophysiology, common presentations, diagnostic approach, and available treatments. Through a case-based example, it highlights how transdisciplinary collaboration-particularly with interventional radiology-can facilitate timely diagnosis and effective management. By improving awareness and clinical confidence, this guide aims to empower gynecologists to identify PeVD earlier, initiate appropriate management, collaborate effectively within multidisciplinary teams, and enhance care for women with this complex condition.