Pub Date : 2020-09-30DOI: 10.11620/ijob.2020.45.3.99
S. Lee, B. Park, C. Kim
Ficus carica L. (fig ) is one of the first cultivated crops and is as old as humans. This plant has been extensively used as a traditional medicine for treating diseases, such as cough, indigestion, nutritional anemia, and tuberculosis. However, the physiological activity of fig leaves on oral cancer is as yet unknown. In this study, we investigated the anticancer effect of methanol extracts of Ficus carica (MeFC) and the mechanism of cell death in human FaDu hypopharyngeal squamous carcinoma cells. MeFC decreased the viability of oral cancer (FaDu) cells but did not affect the viability of normal (L929) cells, as determined by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and Live and Dead assay. In addition, MeFC induced apoptosis through the proteolytic cleavage of procaspase-3, -9, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), downregulation of Bcl-2, and upregulation of Bax, as determined by 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride staining and western blot analysis. Moreover, a concentration of MeFC without cytotoxicity (0.25 mg/mL) significantly suppressed colony formation, a hallmark of cancer development, and completely inhibited the colony formation at 1 mg/mL. Collectively, these results suggest that MeFC exhibits a potent anticancer effect by suppressing the growth of oral cancer cells and colony formation via caspase- and mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic pathways in FaDu human hypopharyngeal squamous carcinoma cells. Therefore, the methanol extract of Ficus carcica leaves provide a natural chemotherapeutic drug for human oral cancer.
{"title":"Induction of apoptosis by methanol extracts of Ficus carica L. in FaDu human hypopharynx squamous carcinoma cells","authors":"S. Lee, B. Park, C. Kim","doi":"10.11620/ijob.2020.45.3.99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11620/ijob.2020.45.3.99","url":null,"abstract":"Ficus carica L. (fig ) is one of the first cultivated crops and is as old as humans. This plant has been extensively used as a traditional medicine for treating diseases, such as cough, indigestion, nutritional anemia, and tuberculosis. However, the physiological activity of fig leaves on oral cancer is as yet unknown. In this study, we investigated the anticancer effect of methanol extracts of Ficus carica (MeFC) and the mechanism of cell death in human FaDu hypopharyngeal squamous carcinoma cells. MeFC decreased the viability of oral cancer (FaDu) cells but did not affect the viability of normal (L929) cells, as determined by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and Live and Dead assay. In addition, MeFC induced apoptosis through the proteolytic cleavage of procaspase-3, -9, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), downregulation of Bcl-2, and upregulation of Bax, as determined by 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride staining and western blot analysis. Moreover, a concentration of MeFC without cytotoxicity (0.25 mg/mL) significantly suppressed colony formation, a hallmark of cancer development, and completely inhibited the colony formation at 1 mg/mL. Collectively, these results suggest that MeFC exhibits a potent anticancer effect by suppressing the growth of oral cancer cells and colony formation via caspase- and mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic pathways in FaDu human hypopharyngeal squamous carcinoma cells. Therefore, the methanol extract of Ficus carcica leaves provide a natural chemotherapeutic drug for human oral cancer.","PeriodicalId":14180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Oral Biology","volume":"30 1","pages":"99-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77185591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-30DOI: 10.11620/ijob.2020.45.2.33
Heesu Lee, B. Selvaraj, K. Yoo, S. Ko
{"title":"Flavonoids as anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective agents","authors":"Heesu Lee, B. Selvaraj, K. Yoo, S. Ko","doi":"10.11620/ijob.2020.45.2.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11620/ijob.2020.45.2.33","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Oral Biology","volume":"75 1","pages":"33-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72795953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-30DOI: 10.11620/ijob.2020.45.2.58
Namju Kang, J. Y. Kang, D. Shin, Yu-Mi Yang
The salivary glands secrete saliva, which plays a role in the maintenance of a healthy oral environment. Under physiological conditions, saliva secretion within the acinar cells of the gland is regulated by stimulation of specific calcium (Ca 2+ ) signaling mechanisms such as increases in the intracellular Ca 2+ concentration ([Ca 2+ ] i ) via store-operated Ca 2+ entry, which involves components such as Orai1, transient receptor potential (TRP) canonical 1, stromal interaction molecules, and inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP 3 ) receptors (IP 3 Rs). Homer proteins are scaffold proteins that bind to G protein-coupled receptors, IP 3 Rs, ryanodine receptors, and TRP channels. However, their exact role in Ca 2+ signaling in the salivary glands remains unknown. In the present study, we investigated the role of Homer2 in Ca 2+ signaling and saliva secretion in parotid gland acinar cells under physiological conditions. Deletion of Homer2 (Homer2 −/− ) markedly decreased the amplitude of [Ca 2+ ] i oscillations via the stimulation of carbachol, which is physiologically concentrated in parotid acinar cells, whereas the frequency of [Ca 2+ ] i oscillations showed no difference between wild-type and Homer2 −/− mice. Homer2 −/− mice also showed a significant decrease in amylase release by carbachol in the parotid gland in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that Homer2 plays a critical role in maintaining [Ca 2+ ] i concentration and secretion of saliva in mouse parotid gland acinar cells.
{"title":"Homer2 regulates amylase secretion via physiological calcium oscillations in mouse parotid gland acinar cells","authors":"Namju Kang, J. Y. Kang, D. Shin, Yu-Mi Yang","doi":"10.11620/ijob.2020.45.2.58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11620/ijob.2020.45.2.58","url":null,"abstract":"The salivary glands secrete saliva, which plays a role in the maintenance of a healthy oral environment. Under physiological conditions, saliva secretion within the acinar cells of the gland is regulated by stimulation of specific calcium (Ca 2+ ) signaling mechanisms such as increases in the intracellular Ca 2+ concentration ([Ca 2+ ] i ) via store-operated Ca 2+ entry, which involves components such as Orai1, transient receptor potential (TRP) canonical 1, stromal interaction molecules, and inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP 3 ) receptors (IP 3 Rs). Homer proteins are scaffold proteins that bind to G protein-coupled receptors, IP 3 Rs, ryanodine receptors, and TRP channels. However, their exact role in Ca 2+ signaling in the salivary glands remains unknown. In the present study, we investigated the role of Homer2 in Ca 2+ signaling and saliva secretion in parotid gland acinar cells under physiological conditions. Deletion of Homer2 (Homer2 −/− ) markedly decreased the amplitude of [Ca 2+ ] i oscillations via the stimulation of carbachol, which is physiologically concentrated in parotid acinar cells, whereas the frequency of [Ca 2+ ] i oscillations showed no difference between wild-type and Homer2 −/− mice. Homer2 −/− mice also showed a significant decrease in amylase release by carbachol in the parotid gland in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that Homer2 plays a critical role in maintaining [Ca 2+ ] i concentration and secretion of saliva in mouse parotid gland acinar cells.","PeriodicalId":14180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Oral Biology","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78461238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-30DOI: 10.11620/ijob.2020.45.2.51
Eun-Jung Kim, Joo-Yun Kim, H. Kim, Boo-Young Hwang, Ah-Reum Cho, Young-Hoon Jung, S. Baek, Jeong-Min Hong
{"title":"Change in fibrinogen levels and severe postoperative bleeding in cardiac surgery","authors":"Eun-Jung Kim, Joo-Yun Kim, H. Kim, Boo-Young Hwang, Ah-Reum Cho, Young-Hoon Jung, S. Baek, Jeong-Min Hong","doi":"10.11620/ijob.2020.45.2.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11620/ijob.2020.45.2.51","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Oral Biology","volume":"1 1","pages":"51-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82351281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-30DOI: 10.11620/ijob.2020.45.2.42
Dong Hee Kim, Eun Jin Seo, G. Tigyi, B. Lee, I. Jang
{"title":"The role of lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 in inflammatory response induced by lipopolysaccharide from Porphyromonas gingivalis in human periodontal ligament stem cells","authors":"Dong Hee Kim, Eun Jin Seo, G. Tigyi, B. Lee, I. Jang","doi":"10.11620/ijob.2020.45.2.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11620/ijob.2020.45.2.42","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Oral Biology","volume":"1 1","pages":"42-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89024077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-30DOI: 10.11620/ijob.2020.45.2.64
So Hui Kim, Min Seuk Kim
{"title":"Short-chain fatty acids, including acetate, propionate, and butyrate, elicit differential regulation of intracellular Ca2+ mobilization, expression of IL-6 and IL-8, and cell viability in gingival fibroblast cells","authors":"So Hui Kim, Min Seuk Kim","doi":"10.11620/ijob.2020.45.2.64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11620/ijob.2020.45.2.64","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Oral Biology","volume":"1 1","pages":"64-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86519833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-30DOI: 10.11620/ijob.2020.45.2.70
Soon‐Nang Park, Y. Lim, J. Kook
{"title":"Genome-based identification of strain KCOM 1265 isolated from subgingival plaque at the species level","authors":"Soon‐Nang Park, Y. Lim, J. Kook","doi":"10.11620/ijob.2020.45.2.70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11620/ijob.2020.45.2.70","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Oral Biology","volume":"59 1","pages":"70-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78416953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-30DOI: 10.11620/ijob.2020.45.1.25
Tae-Young Kim, Sanjiv Neupane, Y. P. Aryal, Eui-Seon Lee, Ji-Youn Kim, Jo-Young Suh, Youngkyun Lee, Wern-Joo Sohn, S. An, J. Ha, Chang-Hyeon An, Jae-Young Kim
Enamel knot (EK)—a signaling center—refers to a transient morphological structure comprising epithelial tissue. EK is believed to regulate tooth development in early organogenesis without its own cellular alterations, including proliferation and differentiation. EKs show a very simple but conserved structure and share functions with teeth of recently evolved vertebrates, suggesting conserved signaling in certain organs, such as functional teeth, through the course of evolution. In this study, we examined the expression patterns of key EK-specific genes including Dusp26 , Fat4, Meis2, Sln , and Zpld1 during mice embryogenesis. Expression patterns of these genes may reveal putative differentiation mechanisms underlying tooth morphogenesis.
{"title":"Implications of specific gene expression patterns in enamel knot in tooth development","authors":"Tae-Young Kim, Sanjiv Neupane, Y. P. Aryal, Eui-Seon Lee, Ji-Youn Kim, Jo-Young Suh, Youngkyun Lee, Wern-Joo Sohn, S. An, J. Ha, Chang-Hyeon An, Jae-Young Kim","doi":"10.11620/ijob.2020.45.1.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11620/ijob.2020.45.1.25","url":null,"abstract":"Enamel knot (EK)—a signaling center—refers to a transient morphological structure comprising epithelial tissue. EK is believed to regulate tooth development in early organogenesis without its own cellular alterations, including proliferation and differentiation. EKs show a very simple but conserved structure and share functions with teeth of recently evolved vertebrates, suggesting conserved signaling in certain organs, such as functional teeth, through the course of evolution. In this study, we examined the expression patterns of key EK-specific genes including Dusp26 , Fat4, Meis2, Sln , and Zpld1 during mice embryogenesis. Expression patterns of these genes may reveal putative differentiation mechanisms underlying tooth morphogenesis.","PeriodicalId":14180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Oral Biology","volume":"136 1","pages":"25-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80254558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-30DOI: 10.11620/ijob.2020.45.1.1
E. C. Hwang, Se-Young Choi, Jeong Hee Kim
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease observed in approximately 0.5–2.2% of the population, and it is recognized as a premalignant lesion that can progress into oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The rate of malignant transformation is approximately 1.09–2.3%, and the risk factors for malignant transformation are age, female, erosive type, and tongue site location. Malignant transformation of OLP is likely related to the low frequency of apoptotic phenomena. Therefore, apoptosis-related genetic factors, like p53, BCL-2, and BAX are reviewed. Increased p53 expression and altered expression of BCL-2 and BAX were observed in OLP patients, and the malignant transformation rate in these patients was relatively higher. The involvement of microRNA (miRNA) in the malignant transformation of OLP is also reviewed. Because autophagy is involved in cell survival and death through the regulation of various cellular processes, autophagy-related genetic factors may function as factors for malignant transformation. In OLP, decreased levels of ATG9B mRNA and a higher expression of IGF1 were observed, suggesting a reduction in cell death and autophagic response. Activated IGF1-PI3K/AKT/mTor cascade may play an important role in a signaling pathway related to the malignant transformation of OLP to OSCC. Recent research has shown that miRNAs, such as miR-199 and miR-122, activate the cascade, increasing the prosurvival and proproliferative signals.
{"title":"Malignant transformation of oral lichen planus and related genetic factors","authors":"E. C. Hwang, Se-Young Choi, Jeong Hee Kim","doi":"10.11620/ijob.2020.45.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11620/ijob.2020.45.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease observed in approximately 0.5–2.2% of the population, and it is recognized as a premalignant lesion that can progress into oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The rate of malignant transformation is approximately 1.09–2.3%, and the risk factors for malignant transformation are age, female, erosive type, and tongue site location. Malignant transformation of OLP is likely related to the low frequency of apoptotic phenomena. Therefore, apoptosis-related genetic factors, like p53, BCL-2, and BAX are reviewed. Increased p53 expression and altered expression of BCL-2 and BAX were observed in OLP patients, and the malignant transformation rate in these patients was relatively higher. The involvement of microRNA (miRNA) in the malignant transformation of OLP is also reviewed. Because autophagy is involved in cell survival and death through the regulation of various cellular processes, autophagy-related genetic factors may function as factors for malignant transformation. In OLP, decreased levels of ATG9B mRNA and a higher expression of IGF1 were observed, suggesting a reduction in cell death and autophagic response. Activated IGF1-PI3K/AKT/mTor cascade may play an important role in a signaling pathway related to the malignant transformation of OLP to OSCC. Recent research has shown that miRNAs, such as miR-199 and miR-122, activate the cascade, increasing the prosurvival and proproliferative signals.","PeriodicalId":14180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Oral Biology","volume":"25 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75049035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-30DOI: 10.11620/ijob.2020.45.1.15
G. Park, D. Gu, Seoung‐Hoon Lee
The fruit of Chaenomeles sinensis (Thouin) Koehne (Chaenomelis Fructus) known as “Mo-Gua” in Korea has been commonly used in traditional medicine to treat inflammatory diseases, such as sore throat. However, its effect on bone metabolism has not been elucidated yet. Here, we examined the effect of Chaenomelis Fructus ethanol extract (CFE) on receptor activator of nuclear factor (NF)-κB ligand (RANKL)-mediated osteoclast differentiation and formation. CF-E considerably inhibited osteoclast differentiation and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive multinuclear cell formation from bone marrow-derived macrophages and osteoclast precursor cells in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the formation of actin rings and resorption pits were significantly suppressed in CF-E-treated osteoclasts as compared with the findings in non-treated control cells. Consistent with these phenotypic inhibitory results, the expressions of osteoclast differentiation marker genes (Acp5, Atp6v0d2 , Oscar, CtsK, and Tm7sf4) and Nfatc1 , a pivotal transcription factor for osteoclastogenesis, were markedly decreased by CF-E treatment. The inhibitory effect of CF-E on RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis was associated with the suppression of NFATc1 expression, not by regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinases and NF-κB activation but by the inactivation of phospholipase C gamma 1 and 2. These results indicate that CF-E has an inhibitory effect on osteoclast differentiation and formation, and they suggest the possibility of CF-E as a traditional therapeutic agent against bone-resorptive diseases, such as osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and periodontitis.
{"title":"Inhibitory effect of Chaenomelis Fructus ethanol extract on receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand-mediated osteoclastogenesis","authors":"G. Park, D. Gu, Seoung‐Hoon Lee","doi":"10.11620/ijob.2020.45.1.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11620/ijob.2020.45.1.15","url":null,"abstract":"The fruit of Chaenomeles sinensis (Thouin) Koehne (Chaenomelis Fructus) known as “Mo-Gua” in Korea has been commonly used in traditional medicine to treat inflammatory diseases, such as sore throat. However, its effect on bone metabolism has not been elucidated yet. Here, we examined the effect of Chaenomelis Fructus ethanol extract (CFE) on receptor activator of nuclear factor (NF)-κB ligand (RANKL)-mediated osteoclast differentiation and formation. CF-E considerably inhibited osteoclast differentiation and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive multinuclear cell formation from bone marrow-derived macrophages and osteoclast precursor cells in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the formation of actin rings and resorption pits were significantly suppressed in CF-E-treated osteoclasts as compared with the findings in non-treated control cells. Consistent with these phenotypic inhibitory results, the expressions of osteoclast differentiation marker genes (Acp5, Atp6v0d2 , Oscar, CtsK, and Tm7sf4) and Nfatc1 , a pivotal transcription factor for osteoclastogenesis, were markedly decreased by CF-E treatment. The inhibitory effect of CF-E on RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis was associated with the suppression of NFATc1 expression, not by regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinases and NF-κB activation but by the inactivation of phospholipase C gamma 1 and 2. These results indicate that CF-E has an inhibitory effect on osteoclast differentiation and formation, and they suggest the possibility of CF-E as a traditional therapeutic agent against bone-resorptive diseases, such as osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and periodontitis.","PeriodicalId":14180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Oral Biology","volume":"45 1","pages":"15-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88079717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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