Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.22159/ijpps.2024v16i1.49457
Shraddha S. Bodke, Charushila J. Bhangale, Sangita N. Bhandare
Objective: The main objective was to develop stability indicating UPLC technique for simultaneous estimation of Benazepril and Hydrochlorothiazide in bulk and formulation. Methods: 0.1% Triethylamine phosphate: Methanol (25:75v/v) was used as the mobile phase. Benazepril linearity was found to be 4-20 µg/ml and Hydrochlorothiazide linearity was found to be 5-25 g/ml. The detection wavelength was 236 nm, and the retention period of Benazepril was 3.4 min and Hydrochlorothiazide was 5.4 min with a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. According to the ICH guidlines, the proposed method was validated and stress studies revealed that the drugs are prone to alkali and peroxide stress conditions. Results: The calibration curve was plotted, and the regression equations for Benazepril were y = 2,01,491.67x+60,532.30 with a correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.9997 and Hydrochlorothiazide were y = 64,635.86x-74,607.10 with a correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.9994. According to the accuracy research, the percent recovery of Benazepril is 99.09-100.69 % and that of Hydrochlorothiazide is 98.27-101.88%, both of which are within the ICH recommendations. Benazepril has a limit of detection of 0.08 g/ml-0.24 g/ml and Hydrochlorothiazide has a limit of quantitation of 0.03 g/ml-0.10 g/ml. The procedure was found to be straightforward, linear, rapid, exact, repeatable, and robust. It was determined that the % RSD was within ICH norms. Stress degradation tests showed the drug's vulnerability to oxidative, thermal, photolytic, acid, basic, and neutral hydrolysis stress conditions. Under the circumstances of alkali and peroxide stress, it was discovered that the drug degraded most quickly. Conclusion: The developed chromatographic technique under consideration was suitable for the accurate, precise, and quick simultaneous measurement of hydrochlorothiazide and benazepril in both their bulk and medicinal dose forms.
目的主要目的是开发稳定性指示 UPLC 技术，用于同时估算散装和制剂中的贝那普利和氢氯噻嗪：流动相为 0.1% 磷酸三乙胺：甲醇（25:75v/v）。贝那普利的线性范围为 4-20 微克/毫升，氢氯噻嗪的线性范围为 5-25 克/毫升。检测波长为 236 nm，贝那普利的保留时间为 3.4 分钟，氢氯噻嗪的保留时间为 5.4 分钟，流速为 1.0 ml/min。根据 ICH 指南，对所提出的方法进行了验证，并进行了应力研究，结果表明药物易受碱性和过氧化物应力条件的影响：绘制了校准曲线，贝那普利的回归方程为 y = 2,01,491.67x+60,532.30 ，相关系数（r2）为 0.9997；氢氯噻嗪的回归方程为 y = 64,635.86x-74,607.10 ，相关系数（r2）为 0.9994。根据准确度研究，贝那普利的回收率为 99.09-100.69 %，氢氯噻嗪的回收率为 98.27-101.88%，均在 ICH 建议范围内。贝那普利的检测限为 0.08 克/毫升-0.24 克/毫升，氢氯噻嗪的定量限为 0.03 克/毫升-0.10 克/毫升。该方法简便、线性、快速、准确、可重复且稳健。经测定，RSD%符合 ICH 标准。应力降解测试表明，药物易受氧化、热、光解、酸、碱和中性水解应力条件的影响。在碱和过氧化物应力条件下，药物降解速度最快：结论：所开发的色谱技术适用于准确、精确、快速地同时测定氢氯噻嗪和贝那普利的原药和药剂。
{"title":"STABILITY INDICATING UPLC METHOD FOR ESTIMATION OF BENAZEPRIL AND HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE IN BULK AND COMBINED DOSAGE FORM","authors":"Shraddha S. Bodke, Charushila J. Bhangale, Sangita N. Bhandare","doi":"10.22159/ijpps.2024v16i1.49457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2024v16i1.49457","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The main objective was to develop stability indicating UPLC technique for simultaneous estimation of Benazepril and Hydrochlorothiazide in bulk and formulation.\u0000Methods: 0.1% Triethylamine phosphate: Methanol (25:75v/v) was used as the mobile phase. Benazepril linearity was found to be 4-20 µg/ml and Hydrochlorothiazide linearity was found to be 5-25 g/ml. The detection wavelength was 236 nm, and the retention period of Benazepril was 3.4 min and Hydrochlorothiazide was 5.4 min with a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. According to the ICH guidlines, the proposed method was validated and stress studies revealed that the drugs are prone to alkali and peroxide stress conditions.\u0000Results: The calibration curve was plotted, and the regression equations for Benazepril were y = 2,01,491.67x+60,532.30 with a correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.9997 and Hydrochlorothiazide were y = 64,635.86x-74,607.10 with a correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.9994. According to the accuracy research, the percent recovery of Benazepril is 99.09-100.69 % and that of Hydrochlorothiazide is 98.27-101.88%, both of which are within the ICH recommendations. Benazepril has a limit of detection of 0.08 g/ml-0.24 g/ml and Hydrochlorothiazide has a limit of quantitation of 0.03 g/ml-0.10 g/ml. The procedure was found to be straightforward, linear, rapid, exact, repeatable, and robust. It was determined that the % RSD was within ICH norms. Stress degradation tests showed the drug's vulnerability to oxidative, thermal, photolytic, acid, basic, and neutral hydrolysis stress conditions. Under the circumstances of alkali and peroxide stress, it was discovered that the drug degraded most quickly.\u0000Conclusion: The developed chromatographic technique under consideration was suitable for the accurate, precise, and quick simultaneous measurement of hydrochlorothiazide and benazepril in both their bulk and medicinal dose forms.","PeriodicalId":14188,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"22 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139455234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.22159/ijpps.2024v16i1.49683
Rajat Shukla, Harpreet Singh, Chandra Sekhar Ponnada, T. Murari
Objective: The present study was aimed at evaluating the variations in extrarenal renal arterial vasculature in voluntary kidney donors who had undergone Multi-Detector Computed Tomography (MDCT) renal angiography for preoperative workup. Methods: A retrospective hospital based cross-sectional study was carried out in a tertiary care Army hospital in Delhi from Jan 2019 to June 2020. All voluntary kidney donors included in the study underwent Multi-Detector Computed Tomography Angiography (MDCTA) of renal arteries as a part of routine pre-operative imaging protocol and were referred by the treating physician/surgeon for MDCTA study. Retrospective analysis of the image datasets was undertaken by the principal investigator and individual patient consent was waived off by the institutional Ethics committee. Results: The mean age of study participants was 45.9±10.2 y. Accessory renal artery was relatively more common on left side (p-value 0.001). There was statistically no significant difference between gender and the presence of accessory renal artery. There was statistically no significant difference on the comparison of side and gender with distance of segmentary bifurcation of MRA. The orthogonal diameters at the origin of the MRA and accessory renal artery on both sides were also comparable. Origin of accessory renal arteries were caudal to MRA was more frequently seen. Early segmentary bifurcation of MRA was commoner on the right side. Conclusion: The study emphasizes the importance of meticulous preoperative assessment, highlighting the need for surgeons to be cognizant of the potential variations in extrarenal renal artery anatomy. Such awareness is crucial for planning successful kidney transplant surgeries.
{"title":"EVALUATION OF ANATOMICAL VARIATIONS OF EXTRARENAL RENAL ARTERIAL VASCULATURE IN VOLUNTARY KIDNEY DONORS","authors":"Rajat Shukla, Harpreet Singh, Chandra Sekhar Ponnada, T. Murari","doi":"10.22159/ijpps.2024v16i1.49683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2024v16i1.49683","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The present study was aimed at evaluating the variations in extrarenal renal arterial vasculature in voluntary kidney donors who had undergone Multi-Detector Computed Tomography (MDCT) renal angiography for preoperative workup.\u0000Methods: A retrospective hospital based cross-sectional study was carried out in a tertiary care Army hospital in Delhi from Jan 2019 to June 2020. All voluntary kidney donors included in the study underwent Multi-Detector Computed Tomography Angiography (MDCTA) of renal arteries as a part of routine pre-operative imaging protocol and were referred by the treating physician/surgeon for MDCTA study. Retrospective analysis of the image datasets was undertaken by the principal investigator and individual patient consent was waived off by the institutional Ethics committee.\u0000Results: The mean age of study participants was 45.9±10.2 y. Accessory renal artery was relatively more common on left side (p-value 0.001). There was statistically no significant difference between gender and the presence of accessory renal artery. There was statistically no significant difference on the comparison of side and gender with distance of segmentary bifurcation of MRA. The orthogonal diameters at the origin of the MRA and accessory renal artery on both sides were also comparable. Origin of accessory renal arteries were caudal to MRA was more frequently seen. Early segmentary bifurcation of MRA was commoner on the right side.\u0000Conclusion: The study emphasizes the importance of meticulous preoperative assessment, highlighting the need for surgeons to be cognizant of the potential variations in extrarenal renal artery anatomy. Such awareness is crucial for planning successful kidney transplant surgeries.","PeriodicalId":14188,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":" 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139392846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.22159/ijpps.2023v15i12.49198
Ninada Kc, B. N, Rodrigues Wj, C. R., Chandrashekar R K
Objective: Salacia chinensis and Woodfordia fruticosa are medicinal plants from the Western Ghats of India traditionally used in the treatment of diabetes, diarrhea and worm infections. The current study aims to evaluate the cytotoxic potential of methanolic extract of Salacia chinensis and Woodfordia fruticosa against breast and pancreatic cancers. Methods: Methanolic extract of dried leaves of Salacia chinensis and Woodfordia fruticosa were obtained by Soxhlet extraction. The cytotoxic potential of the dried extract was evaluated against human breast (MDA-MB-231) and pancreatic (PANC-1) cancers in vitro using MTT-based assay. Results: The study showed a dose-dependent cytotoxicity of Salacia chinensis and Woodfordia fruticosa leaf extracts against breast and pancreatic cancers with IC50 values of 124 μg/ml against MDA-MB-231 and 230.5 μg/ml against PANC–1 cells, respectively. Conclusion: Results indicate the presence of cytotoxic phytochemicals in Salacia chinensis and Woodfordia fruticosa. Further purification of the extract might be beneficial to isolate the anticancer phytochemical.
{"title":"ANTICANCER POTENTIAL OF SALACIA CHINENSIS L. AND WOODFORDIA FRUTICOSA (L.) KURZ OF THE WESTERN GHATS FORESTS OF INDIA","authors":"Ninada Kc, B. N, Rodrigues Wj, C. R., Chandrashekar R K","doi":"10.22159/ijpps.2023v15i12.49198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2023v15i12.49198","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Salacia chinensis and Woodfordia fruticosa are medicinal plants from the Western Ghats of India traditionally used in the treatment of diabetes, diarrhea and worm infections. The current study aims to evaluate the cytotoxic potential of methanolic extract of Salacia chinensis and Woodfordia fruticosa against breast and pancreatic cancers.\u0000Methods: Methanolic extract of dried leaves of Salacia chinensis and Woodfordia fruticosa were obtained by Soxhlet extraction. The cytotoxic potential of the dried extract was evaluated against human breast (MDA-MB-231) and pancreatic (PANC-1) cancers in vitro using MTT-based assay.\u0000Results: The study showed a dose-dependent cytotoxicity of Salacia chinensis and Woodfordia fruticosa leaf extracts against breast and pancreatic cancers with IC50 values of 124 μg/ml against MDA-MB-231 and 230.5 μg/ml against PANC–1 cells, respectively.\u0000Conclusion: Results indicate the presence of cytotoxic phytochemicals in Salacia chinensis and Woodfordia fruticosa. Further purification of the extract might be beneficial to isolate the anticancer phytochemical.","PeriodicalId":14188,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138621632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.22159/ijpps.2023v15i12.48964
Kanchan Bala Rathore, Kiran J. Dange, Gaurav A. Patil
Objective: Assess the prevalence of dry eyes and dry skin in the rural population attending OPD and determine the association between dry eyes and dry skin. Methods: The study utilized a non-experimental descriptive analytical design with a quantitative retrospective approach. Patient records from the eye and skin OPDs at a designated tertiary teaching hospital were included in the analysis. The study period spanned from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2022. A total of 2000 patients meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed to analyze the data. Results: The prevalence rate of dry eyes was found to be 67.8%, while the prevalence rate of dry skin was 79%. There was a strong positive correlation between dry eyes and dry skin (r = 0.74, p<0.05). The study also identified a significant association between dry eyes and dry skin (χ2 = 8.34, p = 0.0038). Gender showed a significant association with dry eyes (χ2 = 4.76, p<0.05), and age showed a significant association with dry skin (χ2 = 52.57, p<0.05). Conclusion: The study concluded that there is a higher prevalence of dry eyes and dry skin among the rural population attending OPD at tertiary teaching hospital in Western India. There is a significant positive association and correlation between dry eyes and dry skin. Gender and age were identified as demographic factors associated with dry eyes and dry skin.
{"title":"A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY TO ASSESS THE PREVALENCE OF DRY EYES AND DRY SKIN AMONG THE RURAL POPULATION ATTENDING OUTPATIENT DEPARTMENT AT TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL IN WESTERN INDIA","authors":"Kanchan Bala Rathore, Kiran J. Dange, Gaurav A. Patil","doi":"10.22159/ijpps.2023v15i12.48964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2023v15i12.48964","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Assess the prevalence of dry eyes and dry skin in the rural population attending OPD and determine the association between dry eyes and dry skin.\u0000Methods: The study utilized a non-experimental descriptive analytical design with a quantitative retrospective approach. Patient records from the eye and skin OPDs at a designated tertiary teaching hospital were included in the analysis. The study period spanned from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2022. A total of 2000 patients meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed to analyze the data.\u0000Results: The prevalence rate of dry eyes was found to be 67.8%, while the prevalence rate of dry skin was 79%. There was a strong positive correlation between dry eyes and dry skin (r = 0.74, p<0.05). The study also identified a significant association between dry eyes and dry skin (χ2 = 8.34, p = 0.0038). Gender showed a significant association with dry eyes (χ2 = 4.76, p<0.05), and age showed a significant association with dry skin (χ2 = 52.57, p<0.05).\u0000Conclusion: The study concluded that there is a higher prevalence of dry eyes and dry skin among the rural population attending OPD at tertiary teaching hospital in Western India. There is a significant positive association and correlation between dry eyes and dry skin. Gender and age were identified as demographic factors associated with dry eyes and dry skin.","PeriodicalId":14188,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":" 45","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138620695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.22159/ijpps.2023v15i12.49539
Archana Tiwari, Avinash Tiwari, Sangeeta Sharma
Objective: The objective of this work is to elucidate the wound healing capabilities of various extracts derived from the bark of Acacia catechu, and to explore their potential therapeutic effects. Furthermore, the examination of several seasons has been conducted to assess their influence on the examined parameters. Methods: In this study, albino mice were used to assess acute dermal toxicity, excision wound healing, and histological changes. The wounds were monitored, and the area of the wound was measured at the 0th, 4th, 8th, 12th, 16th, and 21st days as compared to the control animals. Results: The test extracts showed considerable protection and wound healing capabilities in acute dermal toxicity, excision wound, and histopathological studies. Among the tested extracts, the ethanolic extract showed the highest wound healing (46.68%, p<0.001), followed by the methanolic (38.50%, p<0.001), acetone (33.87%, p<0.05), aqueous (32.04%, p<0.001), chloroform (29.83%, p<0.05), and benzene extracts (28.60%, p<0.05) at the 21st d of wound healing. However, the samples gathered throughout the winter, summer, and rainy seasons did not show a statistically significant difference (p>0.05) in the present research work. Conclusion: This study helps to provide preliminary data on the concentration range of different extracts collected in different seasons. It is anticipated that this evaluation represents significant protective potential of indigenous flora for medicinal applications.
{"title":"WOUND HEALING POTENTIAL OF ACACIA CATECHU IN EXCISION WOUND MODEL USING IN VITRO AND IN VIVO APPROACH","authors":"Archana Tiwari, Avinash Tiwari, Sangeeta Sharma","doi":"10.22159/ijpps.2023v15i12.49539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2023v15i12.49539","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of this work is to elucidate the wound healing capabilities of various extracts derived from the bark of Acacia catechu, and to explore their potential therapeutic effects. Furthermore, the examination of several seasons has been conducted to assess their influence on the examined parameters.\u0000Methods: In this study, albino mice were used to assess acute dermal toxicity, excision wound healing, and histological changes. The wounds were monitored, and the area of the wound was measured at the 0th, 4th, 8th, 12th, 16th, and 21st days as compared to the control animals.\u0000Results: The test extracts showed considerable protection and wound healing capabilities in acute dermal toxicity, excision wound, and histopathological studies. Among the tested extracts, the ethanolic extract showed the highest wound healing (46.68%, p<0.001), followed by the methanolic (38.50%, p<0.001), acetone (33.87%, p<0.05), aqueous (32.04%, p<0.001), chloroform (29.83%, p<0.05), and benzene extracts (28.60%, p<0.05) at the 21st d of wound healing. However, the samples gathered throughout the winter, summer, and rainy seasons did not show a statistically significant difference (p>0.05) in the present research work.\u0000Conclusion: This study helps to provide preliminary data on the concentration range of different extracts collected in different seasons. It is anticipated that this evaluation represents significant protective potential of indigenous flora for medicinal applications.","PeriodicalId":14188,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"142 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138626069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mesenchymal neoplasms are sporadic in the larynx accounting for about 1% of all laryngeal malignancies. Leiomyosarcoma is a high-grade tumor of smooth muscle fibres which is very rarely seen in the larynx. The present case report aims to discuss a rare case of laryngeal leiomyosarcoma with special emphasis on immunohistochemical techniques in arriving at the diagnosis.
{"title":"LARYNGEAL LEIOMYOSARCOMA-A RARE CASE REPORT","authors":"Monika Gupta, Anjali Sindhu, Preeti Punia, Anjali, Sunita Singh","doi":"10.22159/ijpps.2023v15i12.48996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2023v15i12.48996","url":null,"abstract":"Mesenchymal neoplasms are sporadic in the larynx accounting for about 1% of all laryngeal malignancies. Leiomyosarcoma is a high-grade tumor of smooth muscle fibres which is very rarely seen in the larynx. The present case report aims to discuss a rare case of laryngeal leiomyosarcoma with special emphasis on immunohistochemical techniques in arriving at the diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":14188,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138623364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.22159/ijpps.2023v15i12.49440
R. B., V. M., D. M., B. BANU B., D. R.
Luteolin is a naturally occurring chemical widely found in plants ranging from Bryophyta to Magnoliophyta. It can be obtained from several dietary sources such as carrots, olive oil, celery, spinach, oregano, and, fossils of some organisms such as Celtis and Ulmus dating back 36 to 25 million years. It is synthesized by the Shikimate pathway. The major qualities and therapeutic benefits of luteolin include cytoprotective abilities, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Anticancer, Antidepressant, Antidiabetic, Antiallergic, Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging and High radical scavenging. The antioxidant and Reactive Oxygen Species scavenging activity of luteolin aids in treating and curing inflammatory skin processes. It has been proven to act as a therapeutic drug with a wide spectrum of scope in the prevention and treatment of a vast range of malignant and benign cancers, extending from bladder cancer to breast cancer and from oral cancer to glioblastoma, which is achieved by its anticancer, antioxidant properties and cytoprotective abilities. Apart from its anticancer properties, it has a great scope in the restoration from neuropsychiatric disease and high-level fatigue due to Long COVID syndrome-associated brain fog and Chemo fog. The poor solubility and low bioavailability of luteolin limit its use in food and medicine. Synthetic and Natural polymer-based delivery systems have been developed to improve its stability and bioavailability. This review will highlight recent research on its nanoencapsulation and provide more information on luteolin to help readers have a better grasp of the compound's medicinal benefits.
{"title":"NANOENCAPSULATION OF LUTEOLIN: ENHANCING BIOAVAILABILITY AND MEDICINAL BENEFITS","authors":"R. B., V. M., D. M., B. BANU B., D. R.","doi":"10.22159/ijpps.2023v15i12.49440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2023v15i12.49440","url":null,"abstract":"Luteolin is a naturally occurring chemical widely found in plants ranging from Bryophyta to Magnoliophyta. It can be obtained from several dietary sources such as carrots, olive oil, celery, spinach, oregano, and, fossils of some organisms such as Celtis and Ulmus dating back 36 to 25 million years. It is synthesized by the Shikimate pathway. The major qualities and therapeutic benefits of luteolin include cytoprotective abilities, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Anticancer, Antidepressant, Antidiabetic, Antiallergic, Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging and High radical scavenging. The antioxidant and Reactive Oxygen Species scavenging activity of luteolin aids in treating and curing inflammatory skin processes. It has been proven to act as a therapeutic drug with a wide spectrum of scope in the prevention and treatment of a vast range of malignant and benign cancers, extending from bladder cancer to breast cancer and from oral cancer to glioblastoma, which is achieved by its anticancer, antioxidant properties and cytoprotective abilities. Apart from its anticancer properties, it has a great scope in the restoration from neuropsychiatric disease and high-level fatigue due to Long COVID syndrome-associated brain fog and Chemo fog. The poor solubility and low bioavailability of luteolin limit its use in food and medicine. Synthetic and Natural polymer-based delivery systems have been developed to improve its stability and bioavailability. This review will highlight recent research on its nanoencapsulation and provide more information on luteolin to help readers have a better grasp of the compound's medicinal benefits.","PeriodicalId":14188,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":" 78","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138611855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.22159/ijpps.2023v15i12.49478
Lakkaraju Chandana, Darna Bhikshapathi
Objective: The present study was aimed to evaluate the anti-oxidant effect of Pleurotus ostreatus using in vitro and in vivo methodology. Methods: Methanolic extract of Pleurotus ostreatus (MEPO) was prepared by cold maceration technique. Rats weighing 150-200 g were divided into 6 groups of six each (n=6). Group I served as control (0.9% Nacl), group II was considered as the positive control, administered with CCl4 dissolved in olive oil (intraperitoneal injection at 0.5 mg/kg body weight), group III was given with CCl4+standard drug sylimarin (100 mg/kg body weight, p. o.), group IV, V and VI were administered with CCl4+MEPO at 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg orally for a period of 21 d. The liver injury was induced by the administration of CCl4 intraperitoneally with a single dose of CCl4 (0.5 mg/kg body weight) as a 1:1 (v/v) solution in olive oil. Results: In the Hydroxyl free radical scavenging assay, the IC50 values of the test extract was found to be 72.1±1.68 as compared with the standard drug (IC50-66.3±1.02), which was considered as significant (***p<0.001). In the reducing power assay, all the absorbance values were comparable to standard ascorbic acid and showed maximum reducing ability at the concentration of 500 µg/ml. In the in vivo anti-oxidant study, administration of MEPO to injury-induced rats at the dose of 400 and 800 mg/kg, significantly increased (**p<0.001) the levels of SOD and CAT, with a significant reduction in the MDA levels. Conclusion: The current study explored a potential source for anti-oxidants in the methanolic extract of Pleurotus ostreatus, thus seems to be protective to liver in CCl4-induced hepatic injury.
{"title":"FREE RADICAL SCAVENGING ACTIVITY OF PLEUROTUS OSTREATUS AGAINST CCL4-INDUCED HEPATIC DAMAGE IN WISTER RATS","authors":"Lakkaraju Chandana, Darna Bhikshapathi","doi":"10.22159/ijpps.2023v15i12.49478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2023v15i12.49478","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The present study was aimed to evaluate the anti-oxidant effect of Pleurotus ostreatus using in vitro and in vivo methodology.\u0000Methods: Methanolic extract of Pleurotus ostreatus (MEPO) was prepared by cold maceration technique. Rats weighing 150-200 g were divided into 6 groups of six each (n=6). Group I served as control (0.9% Nacl), group II was considered as the positive control, administered with CCl4 dissolved in olive oil (intraperitoneal injection at 0.5 mg/kg body weight), group III was given with CCl4+standard drug sylimarin (100 mg/kg body weight, p. o.), group IV, V and VI were administered with CCl4+MEPO at 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg orally for a period of 21 d. The liver injury was induced by the administration of CCl4 intraperitoneally with a single dose of CCl4 (0.5 mg/kg body weight) as a 1:1 (v/v) solution in olive oil.\u0000Results: In the Hydroxyl free radical scavenging assay, the IC50 values of the test extract was found to be 72.1±1.68 as compared with the standard drug (IC50-66.3±1.02), which was considered as significant (***p<0.001). In the reducing power assay, all the absorbance values were comparable to standard ascorbic acid and showed maximum reducing ability at the concentration of 500 µg/ml. In the in vivo anti-oxidant study, administration of MEPO to injury-induced rats at the dose of 400 and 800 mg/kg, significantly increased (**p<0.001) the levels of SOD and CAT, with a significant reduction in the MDA levels.\u0000Conclusion: The current study explored a potential source for anti-oxidants in the methanolic extract of Pleurotus ostreatus, thus seems to be protective to liver in CCl4-induced hepatic injury.","PeriodicalId":14188,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":" 59","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138620155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.22159/ijpps.2023v15i11.48970
SRINIVAS B. NEGLUR, MUNISWAMY DAVID
Objective: Cyphenothrin is a major insecticide causing toxicological implications in mammals. Several studies estimated the consequences posed by this insecticide. The present study was designed to investigate the possible pyrethroid effects of cyphenothrin-induced hematological alterations and splenic damage in male Wistar albino rats. Methods: The rats were subjected to 60 d of exposure to a sublethal concentration of cyhenothrin. Hematological analyses revealed alterations in blood indices including red blood cells, white blood cells, hematocrit, hemoglobin, and platelet count. However, increased cyphenothrin level in treated rat groups was significant in the present study. This might be attributed to cyphenothrin enhancing stress of animal physiology. Results: Histological examination of spleen resulted in rarefication of white pulp, damaged marginal zone, decreased periarteriolar lymphoid sheath (PALS) 35.33 mg/Kg BW high dose, and number of lymphoid follicles in the high concentration of cyphenothrin group. However, the treatment of cyphenothrin significantly affected the low-concentration cyphenothrin-treated group more than the high-concentration-treated group 63.6 mg/Kg BW low dose compared to the control. Conclusion: This indicates the effective property of toxicity on the immunomodulatory effects of cyphenothrin. Results of the present study suggest that the Cyphenothrin effect has a potentially key role in hematological and immunomodulatory processes that might be implemented.
{"title":"EFFECT OF CYPHENOTHRIN-INDUCED SPLENIC DAMAGE AND HEMATOLOGICAL ALTERATIONS IN MALE WISTAR RATS (RATTUS NORVEGICUS)","authors":"SRINIVAS B. NEGLUR, MUNISWAMY DAVID","doi":"10.22159/ijpps.2023v15i11.48970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2023v15i11.48970","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Cyphenothrin is a major insecticide causing toxicological implications in mammals. Several studies estimated the consequences posed by this insecticide. The present study was designed to investigate the possible pyrethroid effects of cyphenothrin-induced hematological alterations and splenic damage in male Wistar albino rats. Methods: The rats were subjected to 60 d of exposure to a sublethal concentration of cyhenothrin. Hematological analyses revealed alterations in blood indices including red blood cells, white blood cells, hematocrit, hemoglobin, and platelet count. However, increased cyphenothrin level in treated rat groups was significant in the present study. This might be attributed to cyphenothrin enhancing stress of animal physiology. Results: Histological examination of spleen resulted in rarefication of white pulp, damaged marginal zone, decreased periarteriolar lymphoid sheath (PALS) 35.33 mg/Kg BW high dose, and number of lymphoid follicles in the high concentration of cyphenothrin group. However, the treatment of cyphenothrin significantly affected the low-concentration cyphenothrin-treated group more than the high-concentration-treated group 63.6 mg/Kg BW low dose compared to the control. Conclusion: This indicates the effective property of toxicity on the immunomodulatory effects of cyphenothrin. Results of the present study suggest that the Cyphenothrin effect has a potentially key role in hematological and immunomodulatory processes that might be implemented.","PeriodicalId":14188,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"17 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135272928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.22159/ijpps.2023v15i11.48954
NIDHI YADAV, RAVI KANT UPADHYAY
Objective: This study focuses on the generation of polyclonal antibodies against tick saliva toxins and its use to reverse the toxic effects in albino mice. Methods: Polyclonal antibodies were generated by immunizing albino mice were immunized with saliva toxins mixed with incomplete Freund’s adjuvant. Experimental mice were treated with antiserum (polyclonal antibodies) and pre-incubated with tick saliva toxins in five different groups for observation of reversal of toxic effects, i.e. levels of bio-molecules and enzymes. For detection of polyclonal antibodies in the antiserum immune double diffusion (IDD) test of Ouchterlony was followed. Results: By employing a step-by-step octanoic acid and ammonium sulphate precipitation process, IgG antibodies were separated from antiserum. A crescent band and precipitation band was obtained due to the interaction of antigen and antibodies in wet agarose gels (1%). When these antibodies were injected in albino mice, these have been successfully reversed the levels of acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) and acetylcholinesterase (AchE). Alkaline phosphate levels in the serum of albino mice injected with polyclonal antibodies were found to be 122.64%, 107.849%, and 104.71%, respectively. Glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) has been reversed in mice treated with polyclonal antibodies up to 94.59%, 86.48% and 78.37% in the serum, while it was found to be 116.21% at 40% of 24-h LD50 dose in comparison to control respectively. Similarly, level of lactic dehydrogenase was restored and found i.e. 104.55%, 103.82%, and 102.20% in the serum of albino mice. Respectively, in comparison to control, while mice injected with 40% of 24-h LD50 of the purified saliva toxins demonstrated 117.20% of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) level in comparison to control. Conclusion: Polyclonal antibodies administered for serotherapy reversed the toxic effects and all biochemical parameters become normal after 6 h of treatment in albino mice in comparison to control.
{"title":"PRODUCTION OF POLYCLONAL ANTIBODIES AGAINST INDIAN CATTLE TICK RHIPICEPHALUS MICROPLUS SALIVA TOXINS AND ITS EFFICACY IN REVERSAL OF TOXIC EFFECTS IN ALBINO MICE","authors":"NIDHI YADAV, RAVI KANT UPADHYAY","doi":"10.22159/ijpps.2023v15i11.48954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2023v15i11.48954","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study focuses on the generation of polyclonal antibodies against tick saliva toxins and its use to reverse the toxic effects in albino mice. Methods: Polyclonal antibodies were generated by immunizing albino mice were immunized with saliva toxins mixed with incomplete Freund’s adjuvant. Experimental mice were treated with antiserum (polyclonal antibodies) and pre-incubated with tick saliva toxins in five different groups for observation of reversal of toxic effects, i.e. levels of bio-molecules and enzymes. For detection of polyclonal antibodies in the antiserum immune double diffusion (IDD) test of Ouchterlony was followed. Results: By employing a step-by-step octanoic acid and ammonium sulphate precipitation process, IgG antibodies were separated from antiserum. A crescent band and precipitation band was obtained due to the interaction of antigen and antibodies in wet agarose gels (1%). When these antibodies were injected in albino mice, these have been successfully reversed the levels of acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) and acetylcholinesterase (AchE). Alkaline phosphate levels in the serum of albino mice injected with polyclonal antibodies were found to be 122.64%, 107.849%, and 104.71%, respectively. Glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) has been reversed in mice treated with polyclonal antibodies up to 94.59%, 86.48% and 78.37% in the serum, while it was found to be 116.21% at 40% of 24-h LD50 dose in comparison to control respectively. Similarly, level of lactic dehydrogenase was restored and found i.e. 104.55%, 103.82%, and 102.20% in the serum of albino mice. Respectively, in comparison to control, while mice injected with 40% of 24-h LD50 of the purified saliva toxins demonstrated 117.20% of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) level in comparison to control. Conclusion: Polyclonal antibodies administered for serotherapy reversed the toxic effects and all biochemical parameters become normal after 6 h of treatment in albino mice in comparison to control.","PeriodicalId":14188,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"15 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135272930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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