Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.7897/2277-4343.1405154
M. T. Selvi, R. Deepika, A. Hazel, M. M. Sundaram, R. Meenakumari
Pharyngotonsillitis is the inflammation of pharynx and tonsils characterized by sore throat and fever. Recurrent infections have adverse effects on normal growth and development of the child. It will hamper the quality of life for school going children. Tonsillitis is very common in pediatric practice. There are about 74,55,494 cases of Tonsillitis in India per year. Modern medicine provides symptomatic relief but does not prevent the recurrence and also cause some adverse effects. Moreover, chronic conditions are often treated by tonsillectomy which also shows some complications. So, there is a need to find out a safe and effective remedy which not only relieves the symptoms but also increases wellbeing. It can be traced by unsheathed treasure of Siddha. Tonsillitis can be correlated with virana silethumam in Siddha. This is caused by deranged kabam and raktha thathu due to improper diet, poor oral hygiene and sedentary lifestyle. Siddha literatures depicted various treatment modalities to cure diseases. This paper is an endeavor to highlight the clinical picture of virana silethumam and its management through Siddha.
{"title":"ACUTE PHARYNGOTONSILLITIS AND ITS MANAGEMENT THROUGH SIDDHA: A REVIEW","authors":"M. T. Selvi, R. Deepika, A. Hazel, M. M. Sundaram, R. Meenakumari","doi":"10.7897/2277-4343.1405154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7897/2277-4343.1405154","url":null,"abstract":"Pharyngotonsillitis is the inflammation of pharynx and tonsils characterized by sore throat and fever. Recurrent infections have adverse effects on normal growth and development of the child. It will hamper the quality of life for school going children. Tonsillitis is very common in pediatric practice. There are about 74,55,494 cases of Tonsillitis in India per year. Modern medicine provides symptomatic relief but does not prevent the recurrence and also cause some adverse effects. Moreover, chronic conditions are often treated by tonsillectomy which also shows some complications. So, there is a need to find out a safe and effective remedy which not only relieves the symptoms but also increases wellbeing. It can be traced by unsheathed treasure of Siddha. Tonsillitis can be correlated with virana silethumam in Siddha. This is caused by deranged kabam and raktha thathu due to improper diet, poor oral hygiene and sedentary lifestyle. Siddha literatures depicted various treatment modalities to cure diseases. This paper is an endeavor to highlight the clinical picture of virana silethumam and its management through Siddha.","PeriodicalId":14253,"journal":{"name":"International journal of research in ayurveda and pharmacy","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139306684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.7897/2277-4343.1405137
Sonam Vasant Nawle, S. Y. Kotangale
In the present age, Allergic Conjunctivitis is the most common eye disease caused due to allergens like dust, pollen from trees and grass, animal dander, chemical scents, etc. The prevalence of allergic Conjunctivitis in India is on the higher side, affecting 15% to 40% of the Indian population and it is observed to be a seasonal disease, i.e., during summer. According to Acharya Sushruta, Abhishyanda (Conjunctivitis) is the root cause of almost all ocular diseases and, if it is not treated priorly, may land in a chronic course, further resulting in developing severe complications such as Adhimantha (Glaucoma) etc. Vataja Abhishyanda can be correlated to Allergic Conjunctivitis. Allergic Conjunctivitis is characterized by itching, burning sensation, watery, mucous, or stringy discharge, mild photophobia, and eye hyperemia. In the present study, according to Acharya Charaka, Saindhavadi Bidalaka was done on the patient having symptoms of Vataja Abhishyanda (Allergic Conjunctivitis) for 7 days. Vata is said to be the predominant dosha of Vataja Abhishyanda (Allergic Conjunctivitis). Saindhavadi Bidalaka has Vataghna properties (pacify Vata dosha); thus, it will reduce the symptoms of Vataja Abhishyanda (Allergic Conjunctivitis). A total of 3 patients of Vataja Abhishyanda (Allergic Conjunctivitis) were treated by Saindhavadi Bidalaka for seven days. The assessment of the condition was done before and after treatment. The result of the study was analyzed by comparing the before and after the completion of the study. The result proves to be significantly effective based on its clinical assessment.
{"title":"ROLE OF SAINDHAVADI BIDALAKA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF VATAJA ABHISHYANDA (ALLERGIC CONJUNCTIVITIS)","authors":"Sonam Vasant Nawle, S. Y. Kotangale","doi":"10.7897/2277-4343.1405137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7897/2277-4343.1405137","url":null,"abstract":"In the present age, Allergic Conjunctivitis is the most common eye disease caused due to allergens like dust, pollen from trees and grass, animal dander, chemical scents, etc. The prevalence of allergic Conjunctivitis in India is on the higher side, affecting 15% to 40% of the Indian population and it is observed to be a seasonal disease, i.e., during summer. According to Acharya Sushruta, Abhishyanda (Conjunctivitis) is the root cause of almost all ocular diseases and, if it is not treated priorly, may land in a chronic course, further resulting in developing severe complications such as Adhimantha (Glaucoma) etc. Vataja Abhishyanda can be correlated to Allergic Conjunctivitis. Allergic Conjunctivitis is characterized by itching, burning sensation, watery, mucous, or stringy discharge, mild photophobia, and eye hyperemia. In the present study, according to Acharya Charaka, Saindhavadi Bidalaka was done on the patient having symptoms of Vataja Abhishyanda (Allergic Conjunctivitis) for 7 days. Vata is said to be the predominant dosha of Vataja Abhishyanda (Allergic Conjunctivitis). Saindhavadi Bidalaka has Vataghna properties (pacify Vata dosha); thus, it will reduce the symptoms of Vataja Abhishyanda (Allergic Conjunctivitis). A total of 3 patients of Vataja Abhishyanda (Allergic Conjunctivitis) were treated by Saindhavadi Bidalaka for seven days. The assessment of the condition was done before and after treatment. The result of the study was analyzed by comparing the before and after the completion of the study. The result proves to be significantly effective based on its clinical assessment.","PeriodicalId":14253,"journal":{"name":"International journal of research in ayurveda and pharmacy","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139307244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.7897/2277-4343.1405150
Atul Kumar Ahirwar, Ruby Kumar
Myopia is a refractive error and a major eye health problem with significant social, personal, educational, and economic impacts. Globally, myopia affects 7.9 to 19.7% of the population. It is irreversible in progression and can be corrected with glasses, contact lenses, or refractive surgery. All these treatments are not patient-friendly and are also not the actual solution to the pathology occurring in the eye. The symptoms of myopia closely resemble the disease Timira involving the prathama and dwitiya patala of netra (the eye's anatomical structures). Furthermore, both diseases share similar anatomical structures and pathogenesis. There is a great need to find an ocular procedure to prevent and treat myopia having no or least adverse effects. In Ayurveda, kriyakalpa includes different topical therapeutic procedures for treating eye diseases. Tarpana is one among seven kriyakalpa that not only nourishes the eyeball but cures the diseases of the eye. Preventative and curative effects can be achieved with Tarpana karma for eye diseases. Using a special arrangement, an oily substance (ghrita) is kept in the eye for a predetermined period in Tarpana karma. This article reviews Tarpana karma and its role in myopia prevention and progression.
{"title":"CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS OF AKSHI-TARPANA AND ITS ROLE IN MYOPIA: A REVIEW","authors":"Atul Kumar Ahirwar, Ruby Kumar","doi":"10.7897/2277-4343.1405150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7897/2277-4343.1405150","url":null,"abstract":"Myopia is a refractive error and a major eye health problem with significant social, personal, educational, and economic impacts. Globally, myopia affects 7.9 to 19.7% of the population. It is irreversible in progression and can be corrected with glasses, contact lenses, or refractive surgery. All these treatments are not patient-friendly and are also not the actual solution to the pathology occurring in the eye. The symptoms of myopia closely resemble the disease Timira involving the prathama and dwitiya patala of netra (the eye's anatomical structures). Furthermore, both diseases share similar anatomical structures and pathogenesis. There is a great need to find an ocular procedure to prevent and treat myopia having no or least adverse effects. In Ayurveda, kriyakalpa includes different topical therapeutic procedures for treating eye diseases. Tarpana is one among seven kriyakalpa that not only nourishes the eyeball but cures the diseases of the eye. Preventative and curative effects can be achieved with Tarpana karma for eye diseases. Using a special arrangement, an oily substance (ghrita) is kept in the eye for a predetermined period in Tarpana karma. This article reviews Tarpana karma and its role in myopia prevention and progression.","PeriodicalId":14253,"journal":{"name":"International journal of research in ayurveda and pharmacy","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139307384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.7897/2277-4343.1405140
Nithiyananthan K, P. Kvs
The quantitative measurement of Glecaprevir and Pibrentasvir has been created using a simple, quick, precise, sensitive, and reproducible reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method. It is more difficult to analyse varying amounts of pharmaceutical active medicinal ingredients in dosage forms without interferences. Therefore, the objective of the current work is to estimate Glecaprevir and Pibrentasvir simultaneously by adopting an Analytical Quality by Design (AQbD), a rotatable central composite-based technique using RP-HPLC-based method development and validation. Glecaprevir and Pibrentasvir were separated by chromatography using a Kinetex RP-18 Column (100x4.6mm, 2.6µ) column and a mobile phase made up of Acetonitrile: 0.1% tri fluoro acetic acid in a ratio of 26.464:73.536 v/v. The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min, and a photodiode array detector operating at room temperature was used to detect absorption at 236 nm. ICH criteria have been used to validate the offered techniques' linearity, accuracy, precision, and other attributes. The degradation study's findings showed that the medications deteriorated in high-stress situations. The chemical and pharmaceutical sectors might easily implement this unique AQbD-based analytical technique for routine analysis without any regulatory constraints.
{"title":"VALIDATION OF STABILITY INDICATING RP-HPLC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF GLECAPREVIR AND PIBRENTASVIR BY USING ANALYTICAL QUALITY BY DESIGN (AQBD) METHOD","authors":"Nithiyananthan K, P. Kvs","doi":"10.7897/2277-4343.1405140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7897/2277-4343.1405140","url":null,"abstract":"The quantitative measurement of Glecaprevir and Pibrentasvir has been created using a simple, quick, precise, sensitive, and reproducible reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method. It is more difficult to analyse varying amounts of pharmaceutical active medicinal ingredients in dosage forms without interferences. Therefore, the objective of the current work is to estimate Glecaprevir and Pibrentasvir simultaneously by adopting an Analytical Quality by Design (AQbD), a rotatable central composite-based technique using RP-HPLC-based method development and validation. Glecaprevir and Pibrentasvir were separated by chromatography using a Kinetex RP-18 Column (100x4.6mm, 2.6µ) column and a mobile phase made up of Acetonitrile: 0.1% tri fluoro acetic acid in a ratio of 26.464:73.536 v/v. The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min, and a photodiode array detector operating at room temperature was used to detect absorption at 236 nm. ICH criteria have been used to validate the offered techniques' linearity, accuracy, precision, and other attributes. The degradation study's findings showed that the medications deteriorated in high-stress situations. The chemical and pharmaceutical sectors might easily implement this unique AQbD-based analytical technique for routine analysis without any regulatory constraints.","PeriodicalId":14253,"journal":{"name":"International journal of research in ayurveda and pharmacy","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139308907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.7897/2277-4343.1405136
Sapna Kumari, S. Harti, Komal Chauhan, Medha Kulkarni
The study was done to look into the physicochemical properties of tamarind candy developed from blending different spices. The proximate analysis and the analysis of the antioxidants reveal that the candy contains reasonable amounts, which is beneficial for health. The sample was produced and stored at ambient temperature (43 0C) for 20 days. The colour of the sample was visually observed, and it was found that there was no difference in colour during accelerated storage conditions. The reading for the water activity of fresh candy was 0.344, and the result indicates that water activity was decreased as per the prolonged storage of the sample. The overall acceptability of tamarind candy after 20 days of accelerated storage was good. As per the study, the accelerated ageing test calculation indicates that a product shelf life of more than three months at ambient temperature is acceptable.
{"title":"A STUDY ON THE DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF TAMARIND CANDY BY BLENDING WITH DIFFERENT SPICES","authors":"Sapna Kumari, S. Harti, Komal Chauhan, Medha Kulkarni","doi":"10.7897/2277-4343.1405136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7897/2277-4343.1405136","url":null,"abstract":"The study was done to look into the physicochemical properties of tamarind candy developed from blending different spices. The proximate analysis and the analysis of the antioxidants reveal that the candy contains reasonable amounts, which is beneficial for health. The sample was produced and stored at ambient temperature (43 0C) for 20 days. The colour of the sample was visually observed, and it was found that there was no difference in colour during accelerated storage conditions. The reading for the water activity of fresh candy was 0.344, and the result indicates that water activity was decreased as per the prolonged storage of the sample. The overall acceptability of tamarind candy after 20 days of accelerated storage was good. As per the study, the accelerated ageing test calculation indicates that a product shelf life of more than three months at ambient temperature is acceptable.","PeriodicalId":14253,"journal":{"name":"International journal of research in ayurveda and pharmacy","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139306477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.7897/2277-4343.1405139
S. S, A. N
Aim: The aim of the study was to analyze the chemical contaminants such as heavy metals, aflatoxins and pesticide residues in Siddha polyherbal formulation Sevviyadhi Chooranam, in powder form is indicated for the treatment and management of Sinusitis. Materials and Methods: Sevviyadhi Chooranam, the Siddha polyherbal formulation was prepared as per GMP (Good Manufacturing Practices) guidelines. The formulation was analyzed for heavy metals such as mercury, arsenic, lead and cadmium, aflatoxins such as aflatoxin B1, B2, G1, G2 and pesticide residues such as organochlorine pesticides, organophosphorus pesticides, organo carbamates and pyrethroids at Noble Research Solutions, Kolathur, Chennai. Results: Heavy Metal analysis of SC showed that the presence of Lead about 0.26PPM, Arsenic about 0.61 PPM, Mercury and Cadmium in below detection level. Aflatoxin assay of SC resulted absence of Aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2. Pesticide residue analysis revealed the absence of organochloride pesticides, organophosphorus pesticides, organo carbamates and pyrethroids. Conclusion: The findings of this study revealed the presence of heavy metals such as lead and arsenic in limited amount and absence of mercury and cadmium, and absence of aflatoxins and pesticide residue in the Siddha polyherbal formulation Sevviyadhi chooranam. The study ensured that Sevviyadhi chooranam was free from chemical contaminants such as heavy metals, aflatoxins and pesticide residue and validated the safety of SC for therapeutic usage in treatment of sinusitis.
{"title":"ANALYSIS OF CHEMICAL CONTAMINANTS IN SEVVIYADHI CHOORANAM","authors":"S. S, A. N","doi":"10.7897/2277-4343.1405139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7897/2277-4343.1405139","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The aim of the study was to analyze the chemical contaminants such as heavy metals, aflatoxins and pesticide residues in Siddha polyherbal formulation Sevviyadhi Chooranam, in powder form is indicated for the treatment and management of Sinusitis. Materials and Methods: Sevviyadhi Chooranam, the Siddha polyherbal formulation was prepared as per GMP (Good Manufacturing Practices) guidelines. The formulation was analyzed for heavy metals such as mercury, arsenic, lead and cadmium, aflatoxins such as aflatoxin B1, B2, G1, G2 and pesticide residues such as organochlorine pesticides, organophosphorus pesticides, organo carbamates and pyrethroids at Noble Research Solutions, Kolathur, Chennai. Results: Heavy Metal analysis of SC showed that the presence of Lead about 0.26PPM, Arsenic about 0.61 PPM, Mercury and Cadmium in below detection level. Aflatoxin assay of SC resulted absence of Aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2. Pesticide residue analysis revealed the absence of organochloride pesticides, organophosphorus pesticides, organo carbamates and pyrethroids. Conclusion: The findings of this study revealed the presence of heavy metals such as lead and arsenic in limited amount and absence of mercury and cadmium, and absence of aflatoxins and pesticide residue in the Siddha polyherbal formulation Sevviyadhi chooranam. The study ensured that Sevviyadhi chooranam was free from chemical contaminants such as heavy metals, aflatoxins and pesticide residue and validated the safety of SC for therapeutic usage in treatment of sinusitis.","PeriodicalId":14253,"journal":{"name":"International journal of research in ayurveda and pharmacy","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139306454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fistula-in-ano can be a complicated disease to manage. An anal fistula is divided into simple and complex fistula. Managing complex fistula is even more challenging, which typically affects younger people and causes persistent morbidity. It is pertinent to define complex anal fistula. From a practical point of view, a fistula that is difficult to manage has a higher risk of recurrence, poses a greater threat to continence and is classified as a complex fistula. Due to its difficulty in treating medically and surgically, Bhagandara (fistula-in-ano) is one of the eight major disorders classified under Astamahagada in Ayurveda. Ayurvedic surgeons frequently use the effective fistula treatment known as Ksharasutra; however, cutting the passage takes a very long time. As a result, this procedure is now sometimes referred to as partial fistulectomy with Ksharasutra ligation, fibrin glue, fistula plug (FP), Fistula-tract Laser Closure (FiLaC), Seton techniques, video-assisted anal fistula treatment (VAAFT), LIFT (ligation of intersphincteric fistulous tract), and IFTAK (interception of fistulous tract with application of Ksharasutra), also known as window technique, where the Guggulu based Apamarg Ksharasutra is placed. This method shortens the healing time and allows repairing such a complicated fistula-in-ano with little tissue injury. Infected anal crypt, secondary extension and related conditions are the key factors that lead to the recurrence of complex anal fistulas. Surgery in complex anal fistula aims to prevent recurrence, avoid incontinence and avoid damaging the sphincter muscles (the ring of muscles that open and close the anus).
{"title":"A CASE STUDY ON A COMPLEX FISTULA-IN-ANO BY AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT","authors":"Rahul Kumar Verma, Suman Yadav, Ashutosh Kumar Yadav","doi":"10.7897/2277-4343.1404101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7897/2277-4343.1404101","url":null,"abstract":"Fistula-in-ano can be a complicated disease to manage. An anal fistula is divided into simple and complex fistula. Managing complex fistula is even more challenging, which typically affects younger people and causes persistent morbidity. It is pertinent to define complex anal fistula. From a practical point of view, a fistula that is difficult to manage has a higher risk of recurrence, poses a greater threat to continence and is classified as a complex fistula. Due to its difficulty in treating medically and surgically, Bhagandara (fistula-in-ano) is one of the eight major disorders classified under Astamahagada in Ayurveda. Ayurvedic surgeons frequently use the effective fistula treatment known as Ksharasutra; however, cutting the passage takes a very long time. As a result, this procedure is now sometimes referred to as partial fistulectomy with Ksharasutra ligation, fibrin glue, fistula plug (FP), Fistula-tract Laser Closure (FiLaC), Seton techniques, video-assisted anal fistula treatment (VAAFT), LIFT (ligation of intersphincteric fistulous tract), and IFTAK (interception of fistulous tract with application of Ksharasutra), also known as window technique, where the Guggulu based Apamarg Ksharasutra is placed. This method shortens the healing time and allows repairing such a complicated fistula-in-ano with little tissue injury. Infected anal crypt, secondary extension and related conditions are the key factors that lead to the recurrence of complex anal fistulas. Surgery in complex anal fistula aims to prevent recurrence, avoid incontinence and avoid damaging the sphincter muscles (the ring of muscles that open and close the anus).","PeriodicalId":14253,"journal":{"name":"International journal of research in ayurveda and pharmacy","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136035014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The OECD Guidelines for testing chemicals provide a unique method for assessing the potential impact of chemicals on human health and the environment. These are divided into five sections. Oral toxicity studies are mentioned in the fourth section, i.e. Health Effects. This section cites the guidelines for acute, sub-acute, sub-chronic and chronic oral toxicity studies. Acute oral toxicity refers to those adverse effects of oral administration of a single dose or multiple doses given within 24 hours. OECD guidelines for Acute oral toxicity include 420 (Fixed Dose Procedure), 423 (Acute Toxic Class Method) and 425 (Up-and-Down procedure). OECD guidelines 420, 423 and 425 provide information on the hazardous properties and allow the substance to be ranked and classified according to the Globally Harmonised System (GHS) for the classification of chemicals which cause acute toxicity. In OECD Guideline 423, the method classifies the test substance as one of a series of toxicity classes defined by fixed LD50 cut-off values, while the OECD Guideline 425 method permits estimation of LD50 with a confidence interval. Based on these guidelines, a toxic dose of the drug is obtained. This study aims to compare and highlight the acute oral toxicity guidelines.
{"title":"OECD GUIDELINES FOR ACUTE ORAL TOXICITY STUDIES: AN OVERVIEW","authors":"Gothe Shivani Rameshwar, Pawade Uday Venkatrao, Nikam Ashwin Vithalrao, Anjankar Meghsham Pramodrao","doi":"10.7897/2277-4343.1404130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7897/2277-4343.1404130","url":null,"abstract":"The OECD Guidelines for testing chemicals provide a unique method for assessing the potential impact of chemicals on human health and the environment. These are divided into five sections. Oral toxicity studies are mentioned in the fourth section, i.e. Health Effects. This section cites the guidelines for acute, sub-acute, sub-chronic and chronic oral toxicity studies. Acute oral toxicity refers to those adverse effects of oral administration of a single dose or multiple doses given within 24 hours. OECD guidelines for Acute oral toxicity include 420 (Fixed Dose Procedure), 423 (Acute Toxic Class Method) and 425 (Up-and-Down procedure). OECD guidelines 420, 423 and 425 provide information on the hazardous properties and allow the substance to be ranked and classified according to the Globally Harmonised System (GHS) for the classification of chemicals which cause acute toxicity. In OECD Guideline 423, the method classifies the test substance as one of a series of toxicity classes defined by fixed LD50 cut-off values, while the OECD Guideline 425 method permits estimation of LD50 with a confidence interval. Based on these guidelines, a toxic dose of the drug is obtained. This study aims to compare and highlight the acute oral toxicity guidelines.","PeriodicalId":14253,"journal":{"name":"International journal of research in ayurveda and pharmacy","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136035225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-31DOI: 10.7897/2277-4343.1404131
Pooja Rohilla, Jay Prakash Gupta
Herbal medicines have been integral to India's traditional health care systems, especially Ayurveda, for centuries. In recent years, there has been a significant resurgence of interest in herbal medicine both domestically and globally, driven by the growing demand for natural and alternative healthcare solutions. In this study, we are trying to analyse the current market trends and opportunities in India's herbal medicine field. This study aims to have a preliminary understanding of the Indian herbal medicine market, market size, growth prospects, key players, and regulatory framework and also highlights the significant efforts of government ministries towards promoting the Herbal medicine market in India and Abroad. By analysing market trends and consumer preferences, this study offers valuable insights for entrepreneurs, investors, and policymakers looking to tap into the potential of herbal medicine in India.
{"title":"A REVIEW ON HERBAL MEDICINE IN INDIA: CURRENT MARKET TRENDS AND OPPORTUNITIES","authors":"Pooja Rohilla, Jay Prakash Gupta","doi":"10.7897/2277-4343.1404131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7897/2277-4343.1404131","url":null,"abstract":"Herbal medicines have been integral to India's traditional health care systems, especially Ayurveda, for centuries. In recent years, there has been a significant resurgence of interest in herbal medicine both domestically and globally, driven by the growing demand for natural and alternative healthcare solutions. In this study, we are trying to analyse the current market trends and opportunities in India's herbal medicine field. This study aims to have a preliminary understanding of the Indian herbal medicine market, market size, growth prospects, key players, and regulatory framework and also highlights the significant efforts of government ministries towards promoting the Herbal medicine market in India and Abroad. By analysing market trends and consumer preferences, this study offers valuable insights for entrepreneurs, investors, and policymakers looking to tap into the potential of herbal medicine in India.","PeriodicalId":14253,"journal":{"name":"International journal of research in ayurveda and pharmacy","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136035534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-31DOI: 10.7897/2277-4343.1404102
Mahantesh V Walishettar
Background: Dusta vrana is the severe complication of untreated ulcers caused by varicose vein, Thromboangiitis Obliterans, atherosclerosis, trauma, etc. vrana with poothi gandha, vivarnata, bahu srava, maha ruja is known as dusta vrana. Such ulcers can be managed with Panchakarma chikitsa by following the bahya and abhyantara shodhana management line. Brief case report: A 75 years old male patient came with pain, swelling and ulcer over the left foot for six months with a history of trauma; he was a known case of Thromboangiitis Obliterans, having undergone amputation of 1st, 2nd, and 4th and 5th toes of left lower limb. The patient had a 60-70 % block of distal Anterior tibial artery and dorsalis pedis artery. Bahya shodhana was done by dhara with gomutra, sphatika jala panchavalkala kwatha and abhyantara shodhana by Manjistadi kshara basti in yoga basti pattern. Conclusion: Significant reduction was seen in slough and pain. The appearance of granulation tissue was observed. Sthanika dhara with gomutra, which has ushna, teekshna, and lekhana properties, removes slough and improves local circulation. Sphatika jala does lekhana and shodhana. Panchavalkala kwatha has vrana ropana property. Manjistadi kshara basti does srotoshodhana and enhances circulation by virtue of its kshareeya guna and acts as rakta prasadaka and vrana ropaka.
{"title":"A CASE STUDY ON DUSTAVRANA","authors":"Mahantesh V Walishettar","doi":"10.7897/2277-4343.1404102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7897/2277-4343.1404102","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Dusta vrana is the severe complication of untreated ulcers caused by varicose vein, Thromboangiitis Obliterans, atherosclerosis, trauma, etc. vrana with poothi gandha, vivarnata, bahu srava, maha ruja is known as dusta vrana. Such ulcers can be managed with Panchakarma chikitsa by following the bahya and abhyantara shodhana management line. Brief case report: A 75 years old male patient came with pain, swelling and ulcer over the left foot for six months with a history of trauma; he was a known case of Thromboangiitis Obliterans, having undergone amputation of 1st, 2nd, and 4th and 5th toes of left lower limb. The patient had a 60-70 % block of distal Anterior tibial artery and dorsalis pedis artery. Bahya shodhana was done by dhara with gomutra, sphatika jala panchavalkala kwatha and abhyantara shodhana by Manjistadi kshara basti in yoga basti pattern. Conclusion: Significant reduction was seen in slough and pain. The appearance of granulation tissue was observed. Sthanika dhara with gomutra, which has ushna, teekshna, and lekhana properties, removes slough and improves local circulation. Sphatika jala does lekhana and shodhana. Panchavalkala kwatha has vrana ropana property. Manjistadi kshara basti does srotoshodhana and enhances circulation by virtue of its kshareeya guna and acts as rakta prasadaka and vrana ropaka.","PeriodicalId":14253,"journal":{"name":"International journal of research in ayurveda and pharmacy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136035015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：