Ayurveda explains chikitsa (treatment – mode to attain health) as a conglomeration of chatushpada’s (four limbs). Pharmacological categorization of drugs can be explored for the first time from the Charaka Samhita, Shadvirechana Shatasriteeya Adhyaya. Asoka - Saraca asoca [Roxb] de Wilde has been included in the Vedanasthapana mahakashaya (group of drugs which alleviates a specific sensation) mentioned by Acharya Charaka, which is explained as streenam uchrokanashanaya by the Nighantukaara’s. The etymology of soka is chittavikalatha, which is a ‘lead’ to the action of a drug on “manasika bhava’s”. In clinical experience, apart from the pain, associated symptoms like nausea, vomiting, delirium, insomnia, emotional instability, nervousness, irritability, anger, and fear are also relieved by its usage. Till now, the pharmacological action of Asoka on “manasika bhava’s” remains unexplored. Hence, a preliminary experimental study has been undertaken on the reverse pharmacological aspect to assess the action of this drug on CNS. The depressant action of drugs on CNS is mediated through both neural and hormonal mechanisms. The immediate reduction in spontaneous motor activity was achieved through the neural mechanism, and the prolonged effect was achieved through the hormonal action. The drug possesses bitter principles. The functional bitter taste is expressed in brain cells by bitter taste receptors T2R’s. T2R-4, T2R-107, and T2R-38 transcripts are found in the brain stem, cerebral cortex and cerebellum. The drug is a potent source of phytoestrogen, which has oestrogen-mimicking action. The drug significantly reduces spontaneous motor activity in the CNS depressant activity study on all assessment days, with a p-value.
{"title":"CNS DEPRESSANT ACTIVITY OF KASHAYA OF ASOKA – SARACA ASOCA ROXB. DE (WILDE.)","authors":"Asha S Raj, Sara Monsy Oommen","doi":"10.7897/2277-4343.15113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7897/2277-4343.15113","url":null,"abstract":"Ayurveda explains chikitsa (treatment – mode to attain health) as a conglomeration of chatushpada’s (four limbs). Pharmacological categorization of drugs can be explored for the first time from the Charaka Samhita, Shadvirechana Shatasriteeya Adhyaya. Asoka - Saraca asoca [Roxb] de Wilde has been included in the Vedanasthapana mahakashaya (group of drugs which alleviates a specific sensation) mentioned by Acharya Charaka, which is explained as streenam uchrokanashanaya by the Nighantukaara’s. The etymology of soka is chittavikalatha, which is a ‘lead’ to the action of a drug on “manasika bhava’s”. In clinical experience, apart from the pain, associated symptoms like nausea, vomiting, delirium, insomnia, emotional instability, nervousness, irritability, anger, and fear are also relieved by its usage. Till now, the pharmacological action of Asoka on “manasika bhava’s” remains unexplored. Hence, a preliminary experimental study has been undertaken on the reverse pharmacological aspect to assess the action of this drug on CNS. The depressant action of drugs on CNS is mediated through both neural and hormonal mechanisms. The immediate reduction in spontaneous motor activity was achieved through the neural mechanism, and the prolonged effect was achieved through the hormonal action. The drug possesses bitter principles. The functional bitter taste is expressed in brain cells by bitter taste receptors T2R’s. T2R-4, T2R-107, and T2R-38 transcripts are found in the brain stem, cerebral cortex and cerebellum. The drug is a potent source of phytoestrogen, which has oestrogen-mimicking action. The drug significantly reduces spontaneous motor activity in the CNS depressant activity study on all assessment days, with a p-value.","PeriodicalId":14253,"journal":{"name":"International journal of research in ayurveda and pharmacy","volume":"6 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140410110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Uterine fibroids are the most common gynaecological disorder, and as such, it should not be surprising that, over the countries. It is also a well-known fact that fibroid is one of the lifestyle disorders that have risen to numbers that never existed before. Uterine fibroid, considered as Garbhashaya Granthi in this study, is one of the forms of current lifestyle disorder. When the fibroid size is small, it may or may not show symptoms. In the presence of symptoms, the patient may suffer from menorrhagia, dysmenorrhea, anaemia, etc. Fibroid is dependent on oestrogen, and therefore, a hyperestrogenic state will be there. It will grow potentially in the childbearing period. An attempt is made to reverse this pathogenesis and reduce the fibroid growth. Aim: To analyse the efficacy of Sarjadi lepa along with oral Chitraka moola churna in the management of Garbhashaya Granthi with special reference to fibroid uterus. Method: A randomised open-labelled controlled clinical study of two groups of 15 patients, the control and trial groups, in each group. Results: Size of fibroid reduction was seen in both the groups, but Group B patients had a little more size reduction compared to Group A. Conclusion: Combined Chitraka moola churna orally along with Sarjadi lepa and alone Chitraka moola churna orally is equally effective in Garbhashaya Granthi with special reference to fibroid uterus.
{"title":"A CLINICAL STUDY IN THE MANAGEMENT OF GARBHASHAYA GRANTHI WITH SARJADI LEPA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO FIBROID UTERUS","authors":"Pooja Shindhe, Rachana Hv","doi":"10.7897/2277-4343.15114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7897/2277-4343.15114","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Uterine fibroids are the most common gynaecological disorder, and as such, it should not be surprising that, over the countries. It is also a well-known fact that fibroid is one of the lifestyle disorders that have risen to numbers that never existed before. Uterine fibroid, considered as Garbhashaya Granthi in this study, is one of the forms of current lifestyle disorder. When the fibroid size is small, it may or may not show symptoms. In the presence of symptoms, the patient may suffer from menorrhagia, dysmenorrhea, anaemia, etc. Fibroid is dependent on oestrogen, and therefore, a hyperestrogenic state will be there. It will grow potentially in the childbearing period. An attempt is made to reverse this pathogenesis and reduce the fibroid growth. Aim: To analyse the efficacy of Sarjadi lepa along with oral Chitraka moola churna in the management of Garbhashaya Granthi with special reference to fibroid uterus. Method: A randomised open-labelled controlled clinical study of two groups of 15 patients, the control and trial groups, in each group. Results: Size of fibroid reduction was seen in both the groups, but Group B patients had a little more size reduction compared to Group A. Conclusion: Combined Chitraka moola churna orally along with Sarjadi lepa and alone Chitraka moola churna orally is equally effective in Garbhashaya Granthi with special reference to fibroid uterus.","PeriodicalId":14253,"journal":{"name":"International journal of research in ayurveda and pharmacy","volume":"22 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140409334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Sustainable utilisation of agro-food wastes is rich in phytonutrients exhibiting a wide range of bioactivities and is the focus of recent research. Banana peels are waste products traditionally used for ailments like cough, burns, and inflammation. The present study evaluated the antimicrobial action of the ripe and unripe peel extract against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which is responsible for most nosocomial infections and makes it challenging to achieve therapeutic compliance. Methods: The ripe and unripe banana peels were collected and authenticated, and hydro-alcoholic extracts were prepared using maceration. Phytochemical analysis, antioxidant and antimicrobial studies were performed with both the extracts and compared. Results: Both the peels were identified as Musa paradisiaca L., and hydro-alcoholic extracts showed the presence of flavonoid and phenolic compounds in significant amounts. The in-vitro antioxidant study revealed the ripe peels to be more potent, having an IC50 value of 35.71 µg/ml in DPPH free radical scavenging action. It significantly inhibited gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa, comparable with the Amoxicillin as standard. Both the extracts had MIC as 300 mg/ml, but the zone of inhibition produced by the ripe peels (1.63 cm) was more potent than the unripe peels (1 cm). Conclusion: The present study data indicated that the hydro-alcoholic extract of ripe banana (Musa paradisiaca L) peel was promising in antioxidant and antibacterial action primarily due to its significant phenolic contents. Further research is needed for a detailed evaluation of its phytopharmacological action, which can be beneficial for developing a cost-effective natural source of antimicrobial agents in pharmaceutical industries along with an eco-friendly environment.
{"title":"EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY AGAINST PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN THE HYDRO-ALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF RIPE AND UNRIPE BANANA PEELS","authors":"Soumita Sarkar, Mayukh Bose, Moumita Ray","doi":"10.7897/2277-4343.15119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7897/2277-4343.15119","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Sustainable utilisation of agro-food wastes is rich in phytonutrients exhibiting a wide range of bioactivities and is the focus of recent research. Banana peels are waste products traditionally used for ailments like cough, burns, and inflammation. The present study evaluated the antimicrobial action of the ripe and unripe peel extract against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which is responsible for most nosocomial infections and makes it challenging to achieve therapeutic compliance. Methods: The ripe and unripe banana peels were collected and authenticated, and hydro-alcoholic extracts were prepared using maceration. Phytochemical analysis, antioxidant and antimicrobial studies were performed with both the extracts and compared. Results: Both the peels were identified as Musa paradisiaca L., and hydro-alcoholic extracts showed the presence of flavonoid and phenolic compounds in significant amounts. The in-vitro antioxidant study revealed the ripe peels to be more potent, having an IC50 value of 35.71 µg/ml in DPPH free radical scavenging action. It significantly inhibited gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa, comparable with the Amoxicillin as standard. Both the extracts had MIC as 300 mg/ml, but the zone of inhibition produced by the ripe peels (1.63 cm) was more potent than the unripe peels (1 cm). Conclusion: The present study data indicated that the hydro-alcoholic extract of ripe banana (Musa paradisiaca L) peel was promising in antioxidant and antibacterial action primarily due to its significant phenolic contents. Further research is needed for a detailed evaluation of its phytopharmacological action, which can be beneficial for developing a cost-effective natural source of antimicrobial agents in pharmaceutical industries along with an eco-friendly environment.","PeriodicalId":14253,"journal":{"name":"International journal of research in ayurveda and pharmacy","volume":"79 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140410887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Yashtimadhu, botanically identified as Glycyrrhiza glabra L., is a well-known herb in Ayurveda. It is cultivated in India, mainly in Punjab and sub-Himalayan tracts. Root and stolon have been widely used in different formulations. Pancha Vidha Kashaya Kalpanas (Pharmaceutics) are mentioned primarily to achieve the maximum efficacy of the drug and to upgrade its palatability. Some kalpanas are also made to increase the shelf-life of a drug. In the conventional system, dosage forms are mainly preferred based on the solubility of a drug to enhance its bioavailability. Yashtimadhu, as per the literature, have been used in 22 dosage forms. Churna (powder), Kashaya (decoction), Phanta (infusion), Ksheerapaka (milk-based preparation), Taila (Oil-based preparation) and Gritha (ghee-based preparation) are mainly used to enhance its therapeutic utility. Aim: To analyse the pharmacognostic changes; this study evaluated Yashtimadhu and its pharmaceutics for its characteristic features. Method: The formulations were prepared using the classical methods and analysed based on the standard parameters. Result: The evaluation showed that the parameters were comparable to the standard references. Conclusion: The genuine authenticity and shelf-life of a drug remain an essential criterion for a drug to be fit for therapeutic consumption. Evaluation of Yashtimadhu in its different forms for various parameters revealed its significance.
{"title":"PHARMACOGNOSTIC AND PHARMACEUTICAL EVALUATION OF YASHTIMADHU (GLYCYRRHIZA GLABRA LINN.)","authors":"Chaya Ns, Naveen V, Shivamanjunath Mp, Seema Pradeep","doi":"10.7897/2277-4343.15117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7897/2277-4343.15117","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Yashtimadhu, botanically identified as Glycyrrhiza glabra L., is a well-known herb in Ayurveda. It is cultivated in India, mainly in Punjab and sub-Himalayan tracts. Root and stolon have been widely used in different formulations. Pancha Vidha Kashaya Kalpanas (Pharmaceutics) are mentioned primarily to achieve the maximum efficacy of the drug and to upgrade its palatability. Some kalpanas are also made to increase the shelf-life of a drug. In the conventional system, dosage forms are mainly preferred based on the solubility of a drug to enhance its bioavailability. Yashtimadhu, as per the literature, have been used in 22 dosage forms. Churna (powder), Kashaya (decoction), Phanta (infusion), Ksheerapaka (milk-based preparation), Taila (Oil-based preparation) and Gritha (ghee-based preparation) are mainly used to enhance its therapeutic utility. Aim: To analyse the pharmacognostic changes; this study evaluated Yashtimadhu and its pharmaceutics for its characteristic features. Method: The formulations were prepared using the classical methods and analysed based on the standard parameters. Result: The evaluation showed that the parameters were comparable to the standard references. Conclusion: The genuine authenticity and shelf-life of a drug remain an essential criterion for a drug to be fit for therapeutic consumption. Evaluation of Yashtimadhu in its different forms for various parameters revealed its significance.","PeriodicalId":14253,"journal":{"name":"International journal of research in ayurveda and pharmacy","volume":"3 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140413343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adenomyosis, also known as endometriosis interna, has been associated with multiparity, but currently, adenomyosis is diagnosed with increasing frequency in infertile patients since women delay their first pregnancy until their late 30s or early 40s. The prevalence of adenomyosis is 9% in healthy individuals, but in the case of those who have endometriosis, the prevalence is 70%. Ovarian endometrioma is the most common form of endometriosis; although most endometriomas are benign, some may undergo malignant changes. Here is a case study of a 30-years-old female patient residing in Jaipur who consulted in OPD of the National Institute of Ayurveda (NIA) Jaipur on 23-3-22 with the chief complaint of being unable to conceive for 4 years and associated complaint of pain in lower abdomen during menses in the last 3 years. Her sonography findings were suggestive of endometriosis stage-4 with adenomyosis and left ovarian endometrioma (6.6 cm). The patient was treated with yoga basti (Anuvasana basti with Triphaladi taila and aasthapana basti with lekhaniya mahakashaya) for 5 cycles, uttara basti with Apamarga kshara taila for 3 cycles and Rasanadi ksheerpaka. The patient missed her period on 8-1-23 and did her urine pregnancy test on 13-1-23, which was found to be positive. From this case study, it is concluded that yoga basti with lekhaniya mahakashya and Triphaladi Taila and uttara basti with Apamarga kshara taila are effective in treating infertility due to adenomyosis (Mamsadushti janya garbhashaya vikara).
{"title":"MANAGEMENT OF INFERTILITY DUE TO ADENOMYOSIS AND OVARIAN ENDOMETRIOMA (MAMSADUSHTIJANYA GARBHASHYA VIKARA) BY AYURVEDIC REGIME: A CASE REPORT","authors":"Deepika Munjal, Poonam Choudhary","doi":"10.7897/2277-4343.1511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7897/2277-4343.1511","url":null,"abstract":"Adenomyosis, also known as endometriosis interna, has been associated with multiparity, but currently, adenomyosis is diagnosed with increasing frequency in infertile patients since women delay their first pregnancy until their late 30s or early 40s. The prevalence of adenomyosis is 9% in healthy individuals, but in the case of those who have endometriosis, the prevalence is 70%. Ovarian endometrioma is the most common form of endometriosis; although most endometriomas are benign, some may undergo malignant changes. Here is a case study of a 30-years-old female patient residing in Jaipur who consulted in OPD of the National Institute of Ayurveda (NIA) Jaipur on 23-3-22 with the chief complaint of being unable to conceive for 4 years and associated complaint of pain in lower abdomen during menses in the last 3 years. Her sonography findings were suggestive of endometriosis stage-4 with adenomyosis and left ovarian endometrioma (6.6 cm). The patient was treated with yoga basti (Anuvasana basti with Triphaladi taila and aasthapana basti with lekhaniya mahakashaya) for 5 cycles, uttara basti with Apamarga kshara taila for 3 cycles and Rasanadi ksheerpaka. The patient missed her period on 8-1-23 and did her urine pregnancy test on 13-1-23, which was found to be positive. From this case study, it is concluded that yoga basti with lekhaniya mahakashya and Triphaladi Taila and uttara basti with Apamarga kshara taila are effective in treating infertility due to adenomyosis (Mamsadushti janya garbhashaya vikara).","PeriodicalId":14253,"journal":{"name":"International journal of research in ayurveda and pharmacy","volume":"23 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140413014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Poongkothai, K. Vennila, M. M. Sundaram, R. Meenakumari
Introduction: The Siddha system is an ancient, holistic system. The medicine in this system is prepared from raw materials of herbs, metals, minerals and animal products. In recent years, considerable research has focused on validation and standardisation aspects. Nellimulli ilagam is a polyherbal Siddha formulation used to manage Veluppu noi. Aim: To study the physicochemical analysis of Nellimulli ilagam. Methods: Standardization parameters such as organoleptic characteristics, physicochemical analysis, test for aflatoxins, pesticide residues, specific pathogens, and heavy metal analysis were carried out as per PLIM guidelines. Results: The results obtained from the trial drug Nellimulli ilagam study show that it has a dark, brownish-coloured semi-solid texture with a strong characteristic odour and is non-free-flowing. Physicochemical analysis reveals that pH was 7.2, total ash value was 10±0.4 and acid insoluble ash value was 0.02±0.004. Loss on drying at 105 0C is 8.4±0.9. The test for aflatoxins and pesticide residues showed negative results. Test for microbial contamination and specific pathogen shows absent. Test for heavy metals shows below the limit of quantification (BLQ).
{"title":"PHYSICOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF SIDDHA POLY-HERBAL FORMULATION NELLIMULLI ILAGAM","authors":"C. Poongkothai, K. Vennila, M. M. Sundaram, R. Meenakumari","doi":"10.7897/2277-4343.15120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7897/2277-4343.15120","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The Siddha system is an ancient, holistic system. The medicine in this system is prepared from raw materials of herbs, metals, minerals and animal products. In recent years, considerable research has focused on validation and standardisation aspects. Nellimulli ilagam is a polyherbal Siddha formulation used to manage Veluppu noi. Aim: To study the physicochemical analysis of Nellimulli ilagam. Methods: Standardization parameters such as organoleptic characteristics, physicochemical analysis, test for aflatoxins, pesticide residues, specific pathogens, and heavy metal analysis were carried out as per PLIM guidelines. Results: The results obtained from the trial drug Nellimulli ilagam study show that it has a dark, brownish-coloured semi-solid texture with a strong characteristic odour and is non-free-flowing. Physicochemical analysis reveals that pH was 7.2, total ash value was 10±0.4 and acid insoluble ash value was 0.02±0.004. Loss on drying at 105 0C is 8.4±0.9. The test for aflatoxins and pesticide residues showed negative results. Test for microbial contamination and specific pathogen shows absent. Test for heavy metals shows below the limit of quantification (BLQ).","PeriodicalId":14253,"journal":{"name":"International journal of research in ayurveda and pharmacy","volume":"24 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140413211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present investigation aimed to develop and evaluate the herbal soap by aqueous extracts of Tectona grandis leaves and fruits of Phyllanthus reticulatus. The herbal formulation was then subjected to phytochemical screening and evaluated for colour, pH, odour, texture, foaming ability, moisture content and irritation test. The results demonstrated that the herbal soaps revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids and anthocyanins. The physicochemical results were satisfactory for both the herbal soaps. No such studies related to the preparation of soaps using these extracts have been done so far. Hence, the present study was of great importance and could serve as an alternative to chemical soaps.
{"title":"FORMULATION OF HERBAL SOAPS FROM PHYLLANTHUS RETICULATUS FRUITS AND TECTONA GRANDIS LEAVES AND EVALUATION OF ITS PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES","authors":"Nikita GS Verenkar","doi":"10.7897/2277-4343.15118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7897/2277-4343.15118","url":null,"abstract":"The present investigation aimed to develop and evaluate the herbal soap by aqueous extracts of Tectona grandis leaves and fruits of Phyllanthus reticulatus. The herbal formulation was then subjected to phytochemical screening and evaluated for colour, pH, odour, texture, foaming ability, moisture content and irritation test. The results demonstrated that the herbal soaps revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids and anthocyanins. The physicochemical results were satisfactory for both the herbal soaps. No such studies related to the preparation of soaps using these extracts have been done so far. Hence, the present study was of great importance and could serve as an alternative to chemical soaps.","PeriodicalId":14253,"journal":{"name":"International journal of research in ayurveda and pharmacy","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140414846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the quest for effective and holistic therapies for the growing burden of gastrointestinal illnesses, IBS has emerged as a major concern. This integrative review, "Takra: An integrative review on its efficacy in irritable bowel syndrome," examines whether Takra (buttermilk), a fermented dairy product, can treat IBS. The human gut, a dynamic ecology of microbes, is essential to health. New research has shown that gut health affects everything from immunity to mental health. IBS, a persistent functional gastrointestinal illness that causes abdominal pain and bloating and changes bowel patterns, burdens sufferers and healthcare systems worldwide. Takra (buttermilk or chaas) has a long history in traditional medicine, particularly in Ayurveda, which was used to treat digestive issues like Grahani roga (Malabsorption syndrome). Its fermentation process gives it probiotic characteristics, making it ideal for gastrointestinal ailments. This extensive analysis evaluates clinical and preclinical data to determine if Takra (buttermilk) can treat IBS. Historical use, mechanisms of action, clinical evidence, and safety are studied. The results of this review imply that Takra (buttermilk) may be a promising natural and culturally rooted IBS supplement. This article discusses Takra (buttermilk), the ancient elixir, and its potential to improve gut health, treat IBS, and improve the quality of life as the global healthcare landscape evolves towards integrative and holistic treatments.
{"title":"TAKRA: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW ON ITS EFFICACY IN IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME","authors":"Mayank Kumar Keshri, Shalini Prakash","doi":"10.7897/2277-4343.15122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7897/2277-4343.15122","url":null,"abstract":"In the quest for effective and holistic therapies for the growing burden of gastrointestinal illnesses, IBS has emerged as a major concern. This integrative review, \"Takra: An integrative review on its efficacy in irritable bowel syndrome,\" examines whether Takra (buttermilk), a fermented dairy product, can treat IBS. The human gut, a dynamic ecology of microbes, is essential to health. New research has shown that gut health affects everything from immunity to mental health. IBS, a persistent functional gastrointestinal illness that causes abdominal pain and bloating and changes bowel patterns, burdens sufferers and healthcare systems worldwide. Takra (buttermilk or chaas) has a long history in traditional medicine, particularly in Ayurveda, which was used to treat digestive issues like Grahani roga (Malabsorption syndrome). Its fermentation process gives it probiotic characteristics, making it ideal for gastrointestinal ailments. This extensive analysis evaluates clinical and preclinical data to determine if Takra (buttermilk) can treat IBS. Historical use, mechanisms of action, clinical evidence, and safety are studied. The results of this review imply that Takra (buttermilk) may be a promising natural and culturally rooted IBS supplement. This article discusses Takra (buttermilk), the ancient elixir, and its potential to improve gut health, treat IBS, and improve the quality of life as the global healthcare landscape evolves towards integrative and holistic treatments.","PeriodicalId":14253,"journal":{"name":"International journal of research in ayurveda and pharmacy","volume":"21 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140411322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ayurveda gives immense importance in prevention of diseases along with maintainance of health. This life science recommends’ Dravya (Medicinal Substance/Drug) as the most important tool in treatment and considers it as one among the Chikitsa Chatushpaada (4 limbs for treatment). The Dravyas present in the universe can be considered as Ahara (Food) and Aushadha (Medicine). Ahara is the most essential component of life both in healthy as well as diseased state. Improper intake of Ahara can cause illness and the management of diseases can be done with the help of Aushadhis. To understand the wide distribution of Dravyas, all the Acharyas (Scholars) including Brihattrayis (The Greater Trio) has explained and classified both the Ahara and Aushadha Dravyas in an easy and understandable manner. Dravyaguna Vijnana (Ayurvedic Pharmacology) is a section of Ayurveda which mainly deals with Guna (properties), Karma (action) and Prayoga (Therapeutic effects) of various Dravyas and the general principles of Ayurvedic pharmacognosy and pharmacology is included in it for the better management of disease. One cannot treat a disease simply by knowing the Nama (Name) and Rupa (Morphology) of Aushadhas alone. A wise physician should take into account about the properties of Aushadha and Ahara Dravyas along with Roga-Rogi Pariksha Vidhi (Methods of Examination of Disease as well as the Patient) while giving medicine. So an Ajna Vaidya (Ignorant physician) who is not having proper knowledge of Dravyas can’t treat a patient successfully. In this review article, an approach is made to understand the grouping of drugs under different Vargas by the Brihattrayis based on various aspects.
{"title":"A LITERARY SURVEY OF AUSHADHA AND AHARA DRAVYA VARGAS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO BRIHATTRAYI","authors":"Athira Soman, Rekha Sakkari, Sneha Elsa Sam","doi":"10.7897/2277-4343.15125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7897/2277-4343.15125","url":null,"abstract":"Ayurveda gives immense importance in prevention of diseases along with maintainance of health. This life science recommends’ Dravya (Medicinal Substance/Drug) as the most important tool in treatment and considers it as one among the Chikitsa Chatushpaada (4 limbs for treatment). The Dravyas present in the universe can be considered as Ahara (Food) and Aushadha (Medicine). Ahara is the most essential component of life both in healthy as well as diseased state. Improper intake of Ahara can cause illness and the management of diseases can be done with the help of Aushadhis. To understand the wide distribution of Dravyas, all the Acharyas (Scholars) including Brihattrayis (The Greater Trio) has explained and classified both the Ahara and Aushadha Dravyas in an easy and understandable manner. Dravyaguna Vijnana (Ayurvedic Pharmacology) is a section of Ayurveda which mainly deals with Guna (properties), Karma (action) and Prayoga (Therapeutic effects) of various Dravyas and the general principles of Ayurvedic pharmacognosy and pharmacology is included in it for the better management of disease. One cannot treat a disease simply by knowing the Nama (Name) and Rupa (Morphology) of Aushadhas alone. A wise physician should take into account about the properties of Aushadha and Ahara Dravyas along with Roga-Rogi Pariksha Vidhi (Methods of Examination of Disease as well as the Patient) while giving medicine. So an Ajna Vaidya (Ignorant physician) who is not having proper knowledge of Dravyas can’t treat a patient successfully. In this review article, an approach is made to understand the grouping of drugs under different Vargas by the Brihattrayis based on various aspects.","PeriodicalId":14253,"journal":{"name":"International journal of research in ayurveda and pharmacy","volume":"29 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140412512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kasisa is an Iron-containing compound mentioned in Ayurveda. Different methods for the preparation of Kasisa Bhasma are described in ancient Ayurveda textbooks. However, the lack of standardisation in the incineration process poses a significant challenge to ensuring the preparation's quality. In the present study, the method mentioned in Rasamrutha was adopted. The classical method of bhasma preparation comes with certain challenges. An Electric Muffle Furnace offers a more controlled and consistent alternative, addressing some of the difficulties associated with the classical approach. Hence, two different heating methods were adopted here to prepare bhasma (the classical method and an Electric Muffle Furnace). The final product obtained from these two methods was characterised by X-ray diffraction to determine the composition. The study findings indicate a notable shift in the product to oxide form, with a higher percentage observed in the classical method of bhasma preparation.
{"title":"COMPARATIVE STUDY ON PHYSICOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF KASISA BHASMA PREPARED BY TWO DIFFERENT METHODS","authors":"Saranya Gk, Sreelekshmi Rs, Sreeni Tv","doi":"10.7897/2277-4343.15116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7897/2277-4343.15116","url":null,"abstract":"Kasisa is an Iron-containing compound mentioned in Ayurveda. Different methods for the preparation of Kasisa Bhasma are described in ancient Ayurveda textbooks. However, the lack of standardisation in the incineration process poses a significant challenge to ensuring the preparation's quality. In the present study, the method mentioned in Rasamrutha was adopted. The classical method of bhasma preparation comes with certain challenges. An Electric Muffle Furnace offers a more controlled and consistent alternative, addressing some of the difficulties associated with the classical approach. Hence, two different heating methods were adopted here to prepare bhasma (the classical method and an Electric Muffle Furnace). The final product obtained from these two methods was characterised by X-ray diffraction to determine the composition. The study findings indicate a notable shift in the product to oxide form, with a higher percentage observed in the classical method of bhasma preparation.","PeriodicalId":14253,"journal":{"name":"International journal of research in ayurveda and pharmacy","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140413551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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