Kinetic models describe the overall release of drugs from dosage form because qualitative and quantitative changes do occur in a formulation. These changes may alter drug release and in vivo performance hence the application of methods that facilitates product development and thereby reducing the necessity of bio studies, this leads to the adoption of in vitro drug dissolution analysis that involves the use of dialysis membrane and adopting a diffusion method. Stability studies revealed that the formulated nano/micro suspension was more stable at refrigerated condition (4 O C) showing no significant change in particle size distribution, %EE and release characteristics after 3months of study. The in vitro drug release analysis shows drug release from the various formulations (S, Y and W) to follow zero order release kinetics and this was confirmed after determination of line of best fit and from the correlation coefficients values obtained following the consideration of various kinetic models such as: first order, zero order, Korsmeyer- Peppas and Higuchi models. The stability studies and shelf life determinations of the formulations show formulation S, having a shelf life of 4.598 months, while that of formulation Y and W, are 4.808 months and 3.085 months respectively. These values could be related to the size of the particles formed using the various polymers which might influence their film forming and protective ability over the particles. The protective ability of tragacanth when used alone seem not to be sustained over a long period of time and this reduced stability effect could lead to short shelf life as a result of the tendency of Ostwald ripening and agglomeration of particles after a short period of storage but when compared to the formulation involving C.olitorious gum used alone or that consisting of C.olitorious and Tragacanth, stability was sustained signifying better protective ability of the polymer.
{"title":"Kinetics And Stability Studies Of Formulated Micro/Nano Suspension Of Metronidazole","authors":"I. OrduJ, A. Chukwu","doi":"10.18535/ijsre/v6i3.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/ijsre/v6i3.03","url":null,"abstract":"Kinetic models describe the overall release of drugs from dosage form because qualitative and quantitative changes do occur in a formulation. These changes may alter drug release and in vivo performance hence the application of methods that facilitates product development and thereby reducing the necessity of bio studies, this leads to the adoption of in vitro drug dissolution analysis that involves the use of dialysis membrane and adopting a diffusion method. Stability studies revealed that the formulated nano/micro suspension was more stable at refrigerated condition (4 O C) showing no significant change in particle size distribution, %EE and release characteristics after 3months of study. The in vitro drug release analysis shows drug release from the various formulations (S, Y and W) to follow zero order release kinetics and this was confirmed after determination of line of best fit and from the correlation coefficients values obtained following the consideration of various kinetic models such as: first order, zero order, Korsmeyer- Peppas and Higuchi models. The stability studies and shelf life determinations of the formulations show formulation S, having a shelf life of 4.598 months, while that of formulation Y and W, are 4.808 months and 3.085 months respectively. These values could be related to the size of the particles formed using the various polymers which might influence their film forming and protective ability over the particles. The protective ability of tragacanth when used alone seem not to be sustained over a long period of time and this reduced stability effect could lead to short shelf life as a result of the tendency of Ostwald ripening and agglomeration of particles after a short period of storage but when compared to the formulation involving C.olitorious gum used alone or that consisting of C.olitorious and Tragacanth, stability was sustained signifying better protective ability of the polymer.","PeriodicalId":14282,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Research in Education","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77606629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuliasti Eka Purnamaningrum, Yuni Kusmiyati, Herlina Tri Nugraheni, Waryana
The rate of postpartum blues incidence in Indonesia is between 50-70%. Young age pregnancy becomes a major risk trigger for mothers and children to experience physical and psychological impact resulting from postpartum blues. The aim of this research is to elaborate the correlation between postpartum blues and young age pregnancy. This research uses cross-sectional design, and the subjects are 90 respondents who experience 6-14 days postpartum blues. In addition, this research use data with Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and standard social support questionnaire from the Postpartum Depression Predictors Inventory (PDPI). Data analysis uses logistic regression. Result: young age pregnancy is associated with postpartum blues incidences with p-value 0.042 (PR: 4.0, 95% CI: 1,0-15,2) and the related external variable is labor induction with p-value 0.004 (PR: 5.1; 95% CI: 1,6-15,7) and type of labor p 0,003 (PR: 5,1; 95% CI 1.7-15, 3). Interventions are needed for pregnant mothers with young age pregnancy andincreasing the participation of health workers, especially midwives in providing postpartum counseling on postpartum and infant care. With these intervention, it is expected that postpartum blues can be detected as early as possible and well-managed.
{"title":"Young age pregnancy and postpartum blues incidences","authors":"Yuliasti Eka Purnamaningrum, Yuni Kusmiyati, Herlina Tri Nugraheni, Waryana","doi":"10.18535/ijsre/v6i2.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/ijsre/v6i2.02","url":null,"abstract":"The rate of postpartum blues incidence in Indonesia is between 50-70%. Young age pregnancy becomes a major risk trigger for mothers and children to experience physical and psychological impact resulting from postpartum blues. The aim of this research is to elaborate the correlation between postpartum blues and young age pregnancy. This research uses cross-sectional design, and the subjects are 90 respondents who experience 6-14 days postpartum blues. In addition, this research use data with Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and standard social support questionnaire from the Postpartum Depression Predictors Inventory (PDPI). Data analysis uses logistic regression. Result: young age pregnancy is associated with postpartum blues incidences with p-value 0.042 (PR: 4.0, 95% CI: 1,0-15,2) and the related external variable is labor induction with p-value 0.004 (PR: 5.1; 95% CI: 1,6-15,7) and type of labor p 0,003 (PR: 5,1; 95% CI 1.7-15, 3). Interventions are needed for pregnant mothers with young age pregnancy andincreasing the participation of health workers, especially midwives in providing postpartum counseling on postpartum and infant care. With these intervention, it is expected that postpartum blues can be detected as early as possible and well-managed.","PeriodicalId":14282,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Research in Education","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75149828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The study focused on teachers’ gender and academic achievement of secondary school students in Social Studies. Two research questions posed and two null hypotheses formulated guided the study. The population of this study comprised 3,479 Junior Secondary School II students. Questionnaire was used to collect data and data were analyzed using mean and standard deviation for all research questions and analysis of co-variance was used to test null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study revealed that the mean achievement score of female secondary school students was higher than the mean achievement scores of male students. Male and female students taught Social Studies by male teachers obtained higher mean scores than those taught by female teachers and female students taught by male teacher performed better than masculine students taught Social Studies by male teacher and vice versa. The study also revealed that there is significant difference in the mean achievement of students in Social Studies based on gender. Based on these findings, the researcher recommended that Social Studies teachers should re-assess their classroom instructional practice because there is a need for a shift to instructional practices that give the students equal opportunities to excel in instructional activities. Key words: Teachers’ Gender, Secondary School, Students’ Achievement and Social Studies
{"title":"Teachers’ Gender and Academic Achievement of Secondary School Studentsin Social Studies in Abakaliki-Nigeria","authors":"Ogene. A. Oyibe, S. C. Nnamani","doi":"10.18535/IJSRE/V5I08.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/IJSRE/V5I08.04","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The study focused on teachers’ gender and academic achievement of secondary school students in Social Studies. Two research questions posed and two null hypotheses formulated guided the study. The population of this study comprised 3,479 Junior Secondary School II students. Questionnaire was used to collect data and data were analyzed using mean and standard deviation for all research questions and analysis of co-variance was used to test null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study revealed that the mean achievement score of female secondary school students was higher than the mean achievement scores of male students. Male and female students taught Social Studies by male teachers obtained higher mean scores than those taught by female teachers and female students taught by male teacher performed better than masculine students taught Social Studies by male teacher and vice versa. The study also revealed that there is significant difference in the mean achievement of students in Social Studies based on gender. Based on these findings, the researcher recommended that Social Studies teachers should re-assess their classroom instructional practice because there is a need for a shift to instructional practices that give the students equal opportunities to excel in instructional activities. Key words: Teachers’ Gender, Secondary School, Students’ Achievement and Social Studies","PeriodicalId":14282,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Research in Education","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73134186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Postmodern tendencies have been reflected in Indian writing in English over the past few years. This paves way for the creation of new socio-cultural and political situation and circumstances that pushes the marginal or the extreme marginal to the centre stage. Feminism as it is an accompanying issue of postmodernism is the product of such a sensibility. It has been derived from the Latin word „Famina‟ which means woman. In the begining, it was discussed by Alice Rossi, an American in a Book Review published in the Athenaeum in April 1895. Feminism got a new shape since the publication of The Feminine Mystique by the American female novelist, Betty Friedan in 1962. But it moved upward rush in 1980‟s and held the center age. It picturizes the dilemma of contemporary women seeking freedom from prejudiced male-dominance. It condemns discrimination against women and deconstructs the traditional patriarchal constructs to pick up their voices against repression and sex-subjugation. As Robert states, “male-female stereotype rules are being deconstructed day-by-day in the postmodern world†(Rationale 98).
{"title":"Feministic Analysis of Manju Kapur’s A Married Woman","authors":"Dr.S.Robert Gnanamony A.Hariharasudan","doi":"10.18535/V5.I1.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/V5.I1.01","url":null,"abstract":"Postmodern tendencies have been reflected in Indian writing in English over the past few years. This paves way for the creation of new socio-cultural and political situation and circumstances that pushes the marginal or the extreme marginal to the centre stage. Feminism as it is an accompanying issue of postmodernism is the product of such a sensibility. It has been derived from the Latin word „Famina‟ which means woman. In the begining, it was discussed by Alice Rossi, an American in a Book Review published in the Athenaeum in April 1895. Feminism got a new shape since the publication of The Feminine Mystique by the American female novelist, Betty Friedan in 1962. But it moved upward rush in 1980‟s and held the center age. It picturizes the dilemma of contemporary women seeking freedom from prejudiced male-dominance. It condemns discrimination against women and deconstructs the traditional patriarchal constructs to pick up their voices against repression and sex-subjugation. As Robert states, “male-female stereotype rules are being deconstructed day-by-day in the postmodern world†(Rationale 98).","PeriodicalId":14282,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Research in Education","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89741930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT While Chow test is applicable for testing the equality between sets of coefficients in two  linear regressions, this paper attempts to construct a test procedure not only to compare the equality between sets of coefficients in two linear regressions, but also, in case they are not equal, to provide detailed informations about the inequality of the sets. Not only that, in this paper we also try to accomplish all these for not just only two linear regressions but for all possible pairs of linear regressions out of any number of given linear regressions, thus generalising the Chow test in two directions. The procedure is then illustrated through comparison of Engel curves on food for different Socioeconomic groups of Rural India, using NSS data.
{"title":"A Two-Way Generalisation of The Chow Test: The General Case","authors":"Jagabandhu Saha","doi":"10.18535/V4I12.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/V4I12.01","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT While Chow test is applicable for testing the equality between sets of coefficients in two  linear regressions, this paper attempts to construct a test procedure not only to compare the equality between sets of coefficients in two linear regressions, but also, in case they are not equal, to provide detailed informations about the inequality of the sets. Not only that, in this paper we also try to accomplish all these for not just only two linear regressions but for all possible pairs of linear regressions out of any number of given linear regressions, thus generalising the Chow test in two directions. The procedure is then illustrated through comparison of Engel curves on food for different Socioeconomic groups of Rural India, using NSS data.","PeriodicalId":14282,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Research in Education","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91261699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Performance Analysis of Twin Rotor MIMO System","authors":"D. Kumar, P. Rai","doi":"10.18535/ijsre/v4i09.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/ijsre/v4i09.05","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14282,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Research in Education","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73158037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Microwave Photonic Filters","authors":"Navjit Kaur, Dr.Anu Sheetal","doi":"10.18535/ijsre/v4i09.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/ijsre/v4i09.06","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14282,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Research in Education","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89176150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Page 5815 Volume||4||Issue||09||September-2016||Pages-5815-5819||ISSN(e):2321-7545 Website: http://ijsae.in DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsre/v4i09.02 Skills Deficit on the part of the Polytechnic Fashion Graduates: A yardstick for their Global Competiveness. Authors Mawutor Wovenu Dept of Fashion Design & TextilesGhana Emailmawutorwk1@gmail.com ABSTRACT There are alarming reports of skill deficits the world over. This survey reported a mean percentage of the skills deficit on the part of the polytechnic graduates at whooping 94%, a situation that is not a sine qua non of their competitiveness in the emerging globalization in the fashion industry. One hundred Graduates of five HND-awarding polytechnics took part in the survey. Focused, competency-based, dynamic, demanddriven, quality-conscious, globally-competitive curriculum was recommended for instruction at the training institutions.
{"title":"Skills Deficit on the part of the Polytechnic Fashion Graduates: A yardstick for their Global Competiveness.","authors":"Mawutor Wovenu","doi":"10.18535/IJSRE/V4I09.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/IJSRE/V4I09.02","url":null,"abstract":"Page 5815 Volume||4||Issue||09||September-2016||Pages-5815-5819||ISSN(e):2321-7545 Website: http://ijsae.in DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsre/v4i09.02 Skills Deficit on the part of the Polytechnic Fashion Graduates: A yardstick for their Global Competiveness. Authors Mawutor Wovenu Dept of Fashion Design & TextilesGhana Emailmawutorwk1@gmail.com ABSTRACT There are alarming reports of skill deficits the world over. This survey reported a mean percentage of the skills deficit on the part of the polytechnic graduates at whooping 94%, a situation that is not a sine qua non of their competitiveness in the emerging globalization in the fashion industry. One hundred Graduates of five HND-awarding polytechnics took part in the survey. Focused, competency-based, dynamic, demanddriven, quality-conscious, globally-competitive curriculum was recommended for instruction at the training institutions.","PeriodicalId":14282,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Research in Education","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88024397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental study for development of correlation between CBR and Dynamic Cone Penetration Tests","authors":"S. Sidiq, R. Devi","doi":"10.18535/ijsre/v4i09.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/ijsre/v4i09.04","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14282,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Research in Education","volume":"174 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78718494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Robot Control Through An Adaptive Brain Robot Interface","authors":"Chandrasekar.M Sudha.P Ashok.T, K. Logesh","doi":"10.18535/IJSRE/V4I07.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/IJSRE/V4I07.04","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14282,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Research in Education","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76965558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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