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Developing Students’ Global Awareness in EFL Reading and Speaking 培养学生在英语阅读和口语中的全球意识
Pub Date : 2022-02-28 DOI: 10.36346/sarjall.2022.v04i01.005
Prof. Reima Al-Jarf
Results of a questionnaire with a sample of EFL instructors at some Saudi universities showed that the instructors just follow the assigned textbook and do not integrate any global themes in their EFL courses. Therefore, this article aims to proposes a model for integrating global themes in the EFL college classroom, especially in reading and speaking instruction. The aim of the model is to help EFL students learn about the ideologies, cultures and customs of other countries; address current global problems; compare the similarities and differences the peoples of the world share; focus on the interrelatedness of human beings; recognize stereotypes western people have about Islam, Muslims, Arabs, women; and listen to multiple perspectives. The model proposes 4 areas of global themes that can be integrated in EFL reading and speaking: (i) global systems (political, economic, cultural, ideological, ecological, health, social, technological, educational, ideological and judicial; (ii) diverse human values such as conflict resolution, cooperation and teamwork; (iii) current global issues issues (terrorism, fundamentalism, violence…etc); and (iv) the history of contact and interdependence among peoples. It also proposes the integration of 4 types of goals: knowledge, skills, values and participation goals. Examples of concepts, and types of objectives related to the global themes, resources for locating global themes; stages of teaching the global themes and instructor’s role are provided.
对一些沙特大学的英语教师进行问卷调查的结果表明,教师只是遵循指定的教科书,并没有在他们的英语课程中融入任何全球主题。因此,本文旨在提出一个将全球主题整合到大学英语课堂,特别是在阅读和口语教学中的模式。该模式的目的是帮助英语学生了解其他国家的意识形态、文化和习俗;解决当前的全球问题;比较世界各国人民共有的异同;关注人类的相互关系;认识到西方人对伊斯兰教、穆斯林、阿拉伯人和女性的刻板印象;倾听不同的观点。该模型提出了四个可以融入英语阅读和口语的全球主题领域:(i)全球系统(政治、经济、文化、意识形态、生态、卫生、社会、技术、教育、意识形态和司法);(ii)不同的人类价值观,如解决冲突、合作和团队精神;(iii)当前的全球问题(恐怖主义、原教旨主义、暴力等);(四)民族间接触和相互依存的历史。提出了知识目标、技能目标、价值观目标和参与目标四类目标的整合。概念示例,与全局主题相关的目标类型,定位全局主题的资源;提供了全球主题的教学阶段和教师的角色。
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引用次数: 6
John Fowles’ The French Lieutenant’s Woman: Critiquing Victorian Values through Metafiction 约翰·福尔斯的《法国中尉的女人:通过元小说批判维多利亚时代的价值观》
Pub Date : 2022-02-05 DOI: 10.36346/sarjall.2022.v04i01.004
S. Shuting
This article explores John Fowles’ employment of Metafiction in the French Lieutenant’s Woman. It makes the case that Fowles’ metafiction is motivated by the author’s postmodernist desire to comment upon, undermine and critique the dominant and authoritative narratives in history, the understanding of history and in literary history. Fowles’ novel’s metafiction critiques the Victorian ideology through interweaving metafictional elements into a novel set in the Victorian era and, at least initially, following a conventional kind of plot premise. The Victorian ideology is critiqued through a metafictional reimagining of tropes of Victorian fiction. The novel breaks through the constraints of Victorian fiction in such a way as to fragment itself into multiple conflicting endings. Each of these endings violate the conventions of Victorian fiction in form and content, whilst remaining historically rooted and plausible. The multiple endings expose the fictitiousness of the novel and express John Fowles’ beliefs about the absurdity of human social life.
本文探讨了约翰·福尔斯在《法国中尉的女人》中对元小说的运用。本文认为,福尔斯的元小说是出于作者的后现代主义愿望,即评论、破坏和批判历史上占主导地位的权威叙事,对历史和文学史的理解。福尔斯的小说的元小说通过将元小说元素交织到一部以维多利亚时代为背景的小说中来批评维多利亚时代的意识形态,至少在最初,遵循一种传统的情节前提。通过对维多利亚时代小说修辞的元虚构重新想象,对维多利亚时代的意识形态进行了批判。这部小说突破了维多利亚时代小说的限制,将自己分裂成多个相互冲突的结局。这些结局在形式和内容上都违背了维多利亚时代小说的传统,同时又保持了历史根源和合理性。多重结局暴露了小说的虚构性,表达了约翰·福尔斯对人类社会生活荒谬性的信念。
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引用次数: 0
The Impact of English on the Economic Development of the Philippines 英语对菲律宾经济发展的影响
Pub Date : 2022-02-03 DOI: 10.36346/sarjall.2022.v04i01.003
S. Ozaki
English is commonly used as an official language, a second language for business and commerce, as well as a medium of instruction in Outer Circle countries, including the Philippines. There have been studies about the impact of the English language on the economy of certain Outer Circle countries; however, no existing research has presented a comprehensive picture of its impact on the Philippines, which is renowned for excellence in industries that have developed based on Filipinos’ high English proficiency, such as English-speaking call centers and both online and offline schools that teach English as a second language (ESL). Therefore, this article comprehensively describes the relationship between the English language and the economy of the Philippines and explores its associated problems. First, the article briefly explains the history of English education in the Philippines to demonstrate why a large proportion of its population is proficient in English. Second, it focuses on Filipinos’ English proficiency by examining their average scores on international standardized English tests and the Business English Index. Furthermore, it reviews the literature that investigates their evaluation of their own English as well as their awareness of the importance of English in their workplaces. Third, it examines English-based industries: call center and ESL industries. Finally, it discusses the problems of using English as a medium of instruction and the exploitation of the Philippines’ inexpensive labor force in these English-based industries by developed countries.
英语通常被用作官方语言,商业和商业的第二语言,以及包括菲律宾在内的外圈国家的教学媒介。有一些关于英语对某些外圈国家经济影响的研究;然而,目前还没有研究全面展示其对菲律宾的影响,菲律宾以其基于菲律宾人的高英语水平而发展的行业而闻名,例如英语呼叫中心和将英语作为第二语言(ESL)的在线和离线学校。因此,本文全面描述了英语与菲律宾经济之间的关系,并探讨了其相关问题。首先,本文简要解释了菲律宾英语教育的历史,以说明为什么菲律宾人口中有很大一部分精通英语。其次,通过考察菲律宾人在国际标准化英语测试和商务英语指数中的平均得分,重点关注菲律宾人的英语水平。此外,它还回顾了调查他们对自己英语水平的评价以及他们对英语在工作场所重要性的认识的文献。第三,它考察了以英语为基础的行业:呼叫中心和ESL行业。最后,讨论了使用英语作为教学媒介的问题,以及发达国家在这些以英语为基础的行业中剥削菲律宾廉价劳动力的问题。
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引用次数: 0
Easy to Remember Star: A Review about Star Information 易记星星:关于星星信息的综述
Pub Date : 2022-02-02 DOI: 10.36346/sarjall.2022.v04i01.002
Harshit Harshit, Ritu Balhara, V.K. Mittal
As the gases from which stars are born are ejected by those very stars when they die, the life of a star indicates that cosmic matter is on an endless cycle of birth, death, and regeneration. The dense carbon in their cores provides the building blocks for new planets, stars, and even life on this or other worlds. On a clear night, gazing up at the sky, the scene is traditionally one of millions of dazzling sparkling stars. The present review works gives innovation information about star, Sun, Asteroids & Galaxies along with easy way to remember about stars.
由于恒星诞生时产生的气体在恒星死亡时也会被这些恒星喷射出来,因此恒星的生命表明,宇宙物质处于一个无休止的诞生、死亡和再生的循环中。它们核心的致密碳为新行星、新恒星,甚至这个或其他世界上的生命提供了基础。在一个晴朗的夜晚,仰望天空,传统的景象是数百万颗耀眼的星星之一。本综述提供了关于恒星、太阳、小行星和星系的创新信息以及简单的记忆恒星的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Characters in Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s Americanah amanda Ngozi Adichie的《美国人》中的人物
Pub Date : 2022-01-28 DOI: 10.36346/sarjall.2022.v04i01.001
Louis Marain Mokoko Akongo, Ngassaki Basile Marius
In this article, the main purpose has been the characterization of characters in the Nigerian author Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s Americanah. To carry out the task, the research has been conducted through the lenses of the deconstuction approach. Through the completion of the task, the characters have been divided into three groups namely major characters, the minor characters, and other characters. At the end of the investigation, it has been discovered there are two major characters in the novel. As for minor characters there are two characters as well. When it comes to other characters, although in this article their number has shortened to two characters, it should be mentioned that there are more characters who should belong to this last group of characters. This short number of characters belonging to other characters has been due to the constraint of the article size.
在本文中,主要目的是塑造尼日利亚作家奇曼达·恩戈齐·阿迪奇的《美国人》中的人物形象。为了完成这项任务,研究是通过解构方法的镜头进行的。通过任务的完成,将人物分为三组,即主要人物、次要人物和其他人物。在调查的最后,人们发现小说中有两个主要人物。至于小人物,也有两个字。当谈到其他字符时,虽然在本文中它们的数量缩短到两个字符,但应该提到的是,还有更多的字符应该属于这最后一组字符。这种短字符数属于其他字符是由于文章大小的限制。
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引用次数: 1
The Eagle: Tennyson’s Magnificence Six lines profoundly show Probing, Perpetuity, Spirit, and Liberty 《鹰:丁尼生的壮丽》六行诗深刻地表现了探索、永恒、精神和自由
Pub Date : 2021-04-30 DOI: 10.36346/sarjall.2021.v03i02.002
 Dr. Yahya Saleh Hasan Dahami
Lord Alfred Tennyson‟s poem The Eagle is a prominent poem about perpetuity, spirit, and liberation. It is a speculative short poem that might sanction thoughtful readers to profoundly contemplate the several aspects of the universe particularly the natural elements and the symbolical elements. The poem The Eagle is fabricated in reality, though it has to be repositioned outside reality to provide a portrait of life in which its hero is an eagle. The paper intends analytically to evaluate the depth of some significant themes of The Eagle such as probing nature, eternity, essence, and authorization in which the researcher employs the descriptive-critical-analytical scheme. The paper starts with a brief introduction about the poet, to be followed by the main part of the study, which is the analysis of the poem The Eagle: A Fragment. Then it moves to the section of the discussion. The task ends with a concise conclusion.
阿尔弗雷德·丁尼生的诗《鹰》是一首关于永恒、精神和解放的著名诗歌。这是一首思辨的短诗,可能会让深思熟虑的读者深刻地思考宇宙的几个方面尤其是自然元素和象征元素。《鹰》这首诗是在现实中虚构的,尽管它必须在现实之外重新定位,以提供一幅生活的肖像,其中的英雄是一只鹰。本文拟对《鹰》中探究性、永恒、本质、授权等重要主题的深度进行分析评价。本文首先对诗人进行了简要介绍,然后是研究的主要部分,即对诗歌《鹰:片段》的分析。然后进入讨论部分。任务以简洁的结论结束。
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引用次数: 1
Language Teaching in Cross-Disciplinary Contexts 跨学科语境下的语言教学
Pub Date : 2021-04-17 DOI: 10.36346/sarjall.2021.v03i02.001
 Phuong Nguyen Hoang
Cross-disciplinarity is more and more important because of the wide specialization demanded by job markets. Separate disciplines are demanded with increasing urgency to integrate their concepts and methods in teaching and research. Only through the intersection of different disciplines can progress and innovation be achieved in specific knowledge areas. It is said that much leading science nowadays progresses not by placing one brick upon the other within a single discipline, but by solving complex problems that cut across many disciplines. Language teaching has to conform to what today’s society demands from professional occupations: a cross-disciplinary role with a result-oriented focus. Cognitive science can provide an adequate model for cross-disciplinary investigation because it integrates linguistic, psychological, philosophical, neurological, computer science, anthropological and historical contributions. Within the cognitive paradigm, a linguistic term does not exclusively exist because of its relations with others but also of culturebased and conventionalized background knowledge. We will use and rely on principles and models of cognitive linguistics to apply and handle language teaching in cross-disciplinary contexts.
由于就业市场需要广泛的专业化,跨学科变得越来越重要。越来越迫切地需要独立学科将其概念和方法整合到教学和研究中。只有通过不同学科的交叉,才能在特定的知识领域取得进步和创新。据说,当今许多领先科学的进步不是通过在单一学科中把一块砖放在另一块砖上,而是通过解决跨越许多学科的复杂问题。语言教学必须符合当今社会对专业职业的要求:一个以结果为导向的跨学科角色。认知科学可以为跨学科研究提供一个适当的模型,因为它整合了语言学、心理学、哲学、神经学、计算机科学、人类学和历史学的贡献。在认知范式中,一个语言术语的存在并不仅仅是因为它与他人的关系,而是基于文化和约定俗成的背景知识。我们将运用和依赖认知语言学的原理和模型来应用和处理跨学科背景下的语言教学。
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引用次数: 0
The Problem with Morality: A Comparison between Chaucer‘s Tales and Shakespeare’s Plays 道德问题:乔叟故事集与莎士比亚戏剧之比较
Pub Date : 2020-12-13 DOI: 10.36346/SARJALL.2020.V02I06.001
G. Giordano
Morality is generally considered as a set of norms and principles that determine the difference between good and bad behaviour as well as concerning the rightness or wrongness of a human act. In literature, moral issues are frequently represented in prose and poetry with the aim to highlight a specific problem, like adultery or blasphemy, and eventually to convey a message to the reader or audience concerning the importance of good conduct. Morality plays, such as the Canterbury tales, written in the late Middle Ages influenced the representation of virtues and conscience of the theatrical performances of the later Elizabethan era. For the purpose of this investigation, a comparison is made between Chaucer’s representations of morality in the Pardoner’s and in the Miller’s tales, and how the same topic is depicted in two Shakespeare’s plays, Macbeth and Measure for Measure.
道德通常被认为是一套规范和原则,这些规范和原则决定了好的和坏的行为之间的区别,以及关于人类行为的正确或错误。在文学中,道德问题经常表现在散文和诗歌中,目的是突出一个特定的问题,如通奸或亵渎,最终向读者或观众传达一个关于良好行为重要性的信息。道德剧,如《坎特伯雷故事集》,写于中世纪晚期,影响了伊丽莎白时代后期戏剧表演中对美德和良心的表现。为了本研究的目的,我们比较了乔叟在《赦免者》和《磨坊主》故事中对道德的描述,以及莎士比亚的两部戏剧《麦克白》和《以牙还牙》中对同一主题的描述。
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引用次数: 0
The Shema Injunction and the Challenge for Children Ministry 示玛训令与儿童事工的挑战
Pub Date : 2019-10-31 DOI: 10.36346/sarjall.2019.v01i02.001
S. Ishola
Nurturing children to grow and become well-integrated into the faith community is one of the greatest and most rewarding or satisfying duties of every community. This paper focuses on the clear instruction that God gave the Jews and by extension to all Christians on the necessity to groom the young ones in the way of the Lord. It explains the critical components of the Shema and its implications for children ministry which include the caregivers, the children and the ministry approach. The paper further elucidates a little on the nature of children as it affect how they are to be ministered to, noting that their developmental realities determine the teaching content and approach. The last part focuses on the challenges that the Shema injunction has for the modernday children ministry. It concludes by firmly noting that the historical point in which the Shema was given makes it very important to observe.
培养孩子成长,使他们很好地融入信仰团体,是每个团体最伟大、最有回报或最令人满意的职责之一。这篇文章的重点是上帝给犹太人和所有基督徒的明确指示,即在主的道路上培养年轻人的必要性。它解释了Shema的关键组成部分及其对儿童事工的影响,包括照顾者,儿童和事工方法。该文件进一步阐明了儿童的性质,因为它影响到如何照顾他们,并指出他们的发展现实决定了教学内容和方法。第四部分着重论述了示玛禁制令对现代儿童事工的挑战。最后,它坚定地指出,《示玛书》所处的历史点使得它非常重要。
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引用次数: 0
A Contrastive Study of Sounds between Chinese and Korean 汉语和韩语语音对比研究
Pub Date : 2019-10-31 DOI: 10.36346/sarjall.2019.v01i02.002
S. Yujie
Chinese and Korean are of two different language systems, though many words sound similar in pronunciation. Chinese learners find that it is not easy to acquire the Korean pronunciation as they have expected. The present paper will look into the differences in pronunciation between the two languages and locate the potential difficulties for Chinese.
汉语和韩语属于两种不同的语言系统,尽管许多单词的发音相似。中国学习者发现,韩语发音并不像他们期望的那样容易习得。本文将探讨两种语言在发音上的差异,并找出汉语可能面临的困难。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
South Asian Research Journal of Arts, Language and Literature
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