The present work evaluates the performance of a fingerprint-based access control system to secure premises. In order to evaluate these performances, we used a regression model in which the dependent variable is of qualitative type, more precisely, the variable: "the new individual who takes the entrance test is positive or negative".Our model is therefore a classifier capable of diagnosing whether fingerprints will be accepted or not. This performance evaluation model is realized by means of the confusion matrix, the calculations of the evaluation parameters (Sensitivity, Specificity, Positive Predictive Value, Negative Predictive Value and False Negative), and finally the plots of the sensitivity values against 1-Specificity (ROC curve).On a sample of six hundred individuals of which 470 enrolled and 130 not enrolled, the access control system obtained the results of which 456 true positives, 14 false negatives, 10 false positives and 120 true negatives which constitute our confusion matrix, which we were able to evaluate the performance of our system by applying the calculations of the evaluation parameters.
{"title":"PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF A SINGLE-MODE BIOMETRIC ACCESS CONTROL SYSTEM","authors":"Bopatriciat Boluma Mangata, Mbuyi Mukendi Eugène, Batubenga Mwamba Nzambi","doi":"10.46565/jreas.2022.v07i01.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46565/jreas.2022.v07i01.007","url":null,"abstract":"The present work evaluates the performance of a fingerprint-based access control system to secure premises. In order to evaluate these performances, we used a regression model in which the dependent variable is of qualitative type, more precisely, the variable: \"the new individual who takes the entrance test is positive or negative\".Our model is therefore a classifier capable of diagnosing whether fingerprints will be accepted or not. This performance evaluation model is realized by means of the confusion matrix, the calculations of the evaluation parameters (Sensitivity, Specificity, Positive Predictive Value, Negative Predictive Value and False Negative), and finally the plots of the sensitivity values against 1-Specificity (ROC curve).On a sample of six hundred individuals of which 470 enrolled and 130 not enrolled, the access control system obtained the results of which 456 true positives, 14 false negatives, 10 false positives and 120 true negatives which constitute our confusion matrix, which we were able to evaluate the performance of our system by applying the calculations of the evaluation parameters.","PeriodicalId":14343,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90616207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-14DOI: 10.55083/irjeas.2022.v10i01002
Siddhant Tiwari, B. Yadav, I. Kumar
This thesis addresses the Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) which is a major custom power solutions capable for load balancing, power factor-correction, voltage regulation, voltage and current harmonics mitigation in a three-phase three-wire distribution system for different combinations of linear, non-linear and dynamic loads. The unit template technique (UTT) is used to get the reference signals for series active power filter and shunt active power filter which utilizes two closed loop PI controllers. The design of three- phase three-wire UPQC includes the design of shunt controller (SHUC) and series controller (SERC).
{"title":"THE UNIFIED POWER QUALITY CONDITIONER: A REVIEW","authors":"Siddhant Tiwari, B. Yadav, I. Kumar","doi":"10.55083/irjeas.2022.v10i01002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55083/irjeas.2022.v10i01002","url":null,"abstract":"This thesis addresses the Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) which is a major custom power solutions capable for load balancing, power factor-correction, voltage regulation, voltage and current harmonics mitigation in a three-phase three-wire distribution system for different combinations of linear, non-linear and dynamic loads. The unit template technique (UTT) is used to get the reference signals for series active power filter and shunt active power filter which utilizes two closed loop PI controllers. The design of three- phase three-wire UPQC includes the design of shunt controller (SHUC) and series controller (SERC).","PeriodicalId":14343,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88054785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-10DOI: 10.55083/irjeas.2022.v10i01001
V. Vishnu, V. Dwivedi
The thesis proposes a method for introducing lean manufacturing using string diagram in an operating CNG high pressure storage tank manufacturing job shop at Jayfe Cylinder Ltd. Haryana. By applying lean manufacturing using process layout diagram to produce part families with similar manufacturing processes and stable demand, plants expect to reduce costs and lead-times and improve quality and delivery performance. The thesis outlines a method for assessing, designing, and implementing lean manufacturing using process layout diagram, and illustrates this process with an example. A manufacturing cell that produces high pressure steel tank container for commercial & automobile customers is implemented at cylinder tank Machining Centers. The conclusion of the thesis highlights the key lessons learned from this process.
{"title":"ENHANCEMENT OF PRODUCTION BY LEAN MANUFACTURING METHOD","authors":"V. Vishnu, V. Dwivedi","doi":"10.55083/irjeas.2022.v10i01001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55083/irjeas.2022.v10i01001","url":null,"abstract":"The thesis proposes a method for introducing lean manufacturing using string diagram in an operating CNG high pressure storage tank manufacturing job shop at Jayfe Cylinder Ltd. Haryana. By applying lean manufacturing using process layout diagram to produce part families with similar manufacturing processes and stable demand, plants expect to reduce costs and lead-times and improve quality and delivery performance. The thesis outlines a method for assessing, designing, and implementing lean manufacturing using process layout diagram, and illustrates this process with an example. A manufacturing cell that produces high pressure steel tank container for commercial & automobile customers is implemented at cylinder tank Machining Centers. The conclusion of the thesis highlights the key lessons learned from this process.","PeriodicalId":14343,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74736553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.55083/irjeas.2021.v09i04007
D. Singh, Laxman Solankee
Photovoltaic (PV) systems have recieved a lot of attention in recent decades due to their accessibility and advancements in PV technology. The protection of PV systems from faults such as String to String (SS), String to Ground (SG), Open circuit (OC), and partial shading are the key challenges to the realization of cost-effective and environmentally friendly PV systems. Such unusual circumstances reduce the maximum available PV power. Partial shading and breakdowns in a PV array must therefore be noticed quickly for enhanced system efficiency and reliability. The significant fault current in PV systems can be detected using the existing safety devices in PV systems, such as fuses and residual current detectors. The flowing fault current being of low order is not significant enough for current protection devices to detect if the solar and/or fault mismatch is modest and the fault resistance is high. As a result, under cloudy and low irradiance conditions, the traditional protection devices fail to identify problems, resulting in reliability concerns and photovoltaic fire threats. In this context, a fault diagnosis scheme for PV systems is presented in this paper, which includes feature extraction using the Discrete wavelet transform, and classification of various defects on the PV system using Decision tree.
{"title":"MACHINE LEARNING BASED FAULT DIAGNOSIS SCHEME FOR GRID-CONNECTED PV SYSTEM","authors":"D. Singh, Laxman Solankee","doi":"10.55083/irjeas.2021.v09i04007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55083/irjeas.2021.v09i04007","url":null,"abstract":"Photovoltaic (PV) systems have recieved a lot of attention in recent decades due to their accessibility and advancements in PV technology. The protection of PV systems from faults such as String to String (SS), String to Ground (SG), Open circuit (OC), and partial shading are the key challenges to the realization of cost-effective and environmentally friendly PV systems. Such unusual circumstances reduce the maximum available PV power. Partial shading and breakdowns in a PV array must therefore be noticed quickly for enhanced system efficiency and reliability. The significant fault current in PV systems can be detected using the existing safety devices in PV systems, such as fuses and residual current detectors. The flowing fault current being of low order is not significant enough for current protection devices to detect if the solar and/or fault mismatch is modest and the fault resistance is high. As a result, under cloudy and low irradiance conditions, the traditional protection devices fail to identify problems, resulting in reliability concerns and photovoltaic fire threats. In this context, a fault diagnosis scheme for PV systems is presented in this paper, which includes feature extraction using the Discrete wavelet transform, and classification of various defects on the PV system using Decision tree.","PeriodicalId":14343,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86588164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.55083/irjeas.2021.v09i04005
Kamaldeep Singh, Yogesh Mishra
In the current scenario, wind turbine energy accounts for 70% of total renewable energy used in India. The Indian wind energy sector has a capacity of 20 GW installed (as on 31.5.2017). In terms of installed wind power capacity, India ranks fifth in the world and is regarded as a major player in the global wind energy market. For the current work, a design method based on modelling in Uni-graphics and followed by simulation using the CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) star ccm + programme is chosen, so that the expense and time required to find the optimum aerodynamic design of a wind turbine blade by experiment can be minimised.
在目前的情况下，风力涡轮机能源占印度可再生能源使用总量的70%。印度风能部门的装机容量为20吉瓦(截至2017年5月31日)。就风力发电装机容量而言，印度排名世界第五，被视为全球风能市场的主要参与者。针对目前的工作，选择了基于Uni-graphics建模，然后使用CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) star ccm +程序进行仿真的设计方法，从而最大限度地减少了通过实验寻找风力机叶片最佳气动设计所需的费用和时间。
{"title":"TWO DIMENSIONAL AEROFOIL WIND TURBINE BLADE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS USING CFD ANALYSIS","authors":"Kamaldeep Singh, Yogesh Mishra","doi":"10.55083/irjeas.2021.v09i04005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55083/irjeas.2021.v09i04005","url":null,"abstract":"In the current scenario, wind turbine energy accounts for 70% of total renewable energy used in India. The Indian wind energy sector has a capacity of 20 GW installed (as on 31.5.2017). In terms of installed wind power capacity, India ranks fifth in the world and is regarded as a major player in the global wind energy market. For the current work, a design method based on modelling in Uni-graphics and followed by simulation using the CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) star ccm + programme is chosen, so that the expense and time required to find the optimum aerodynamic design of a wind turbine blade by experiment can be minimised.","PeriodicalId":14343,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86642771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-21DOI: 10.46565/jreas.2021.v06i04.009
Hua Wang, Jian Yu
The adaptation of the software architecture caused by the change of the software survival environment needs to be realized through the reconfiguration of the connector of the software architecture. To tackle the limitation of passive connectors, a proactive adaptation model based on resource prediction is proposed by employing Kalman filter, which realizes the modification of component connection and the dynamic configuration of the architecture, and enhances the adaptability of the target system. Three proactive adaptation strategies are proposed, and the basis of the adaptation policy is quantified by the influence factors value. After the method is applied to an actual online health assessment assistant system, the adaptability and service quality of the target system are improved.
{"title":"A PROACTIVE ADAPTATION MODEL BASE ON RESOURCE PREDICTION","authors":"Hua Wang, Jian Yu","doi":"10.46565/jreas.2021.v06i04.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46565/jreas.2021.v06i04.009","url":null,"abstract":"The adaptation of the software architecture caused by the change of the software survival environment needs to be realized through the reconfiguration of the connector of the software architecture. To tackle the limitation of passive connectors, a proactive adaptation model based on resource prediction is proposed by employing Kalman filter, which realizes the modification of component connection and the dynamic configuration of the architecture, and enhances the adaptability of the target system. Three proactive adaptation strategies are proposed, and the basis of the adaptation policy is quantified by the influence factors value. After the method is applied to an actual online health assessment assistant system, the adaptability and service quality of the target system are improved.","PeriodicalId":14343,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76759548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-21DOI: 10.46565/jreas.2021.v06i04.006
I. Rabiu, Buhari U. Umar
Fuel is very important in our everyday activities, it has been used in companies, industries, organizations and automobiles. It also serves as a means for generating electricity. Adulteration of petroleum products is hard to detect because the existing components of the fuel constitute the adulterants. The adulterants alongside other cheap hydrocarbons are mixed with the base fuel to degrade its quality and for the monetary benefits of the business vendors. This makes the adulterated fuel to pose a very serious danger to the consumers. This research project developed an IoT-based fuel adulteration detection system using a weight sensor-based technique. The IoT-based system helps to notify and give information about the fuel adulteration to the user immediately on a registered website called thingspeak. The average detection accuracy and response time of the system are 96.37% and 1.34 seconds respectively. These results emphasize the crucial function of adulteration detection system in fuels, as it detects adulteration of liquids effectively and accurately for automobile users and thereby reducing the risk of adulteration in fuels.
{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF A FUEL ADULTERATION DETECTION SYSTEM USING IOT BASED SENSOR TECHNIQUE","authors":"I. Rabiu, Buhari U. Umar","doi":"10.46565/jreas.2021.v06i04.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46565/jreas.2021.v06i04.006","url":null,"abstract":"Fuel is very important in our everyday activities, it has been used in companies, industries, organizations and automobiles. It also serves as a means for generating electricity. Adulteration of petroleum products is hard to detect because the existing components of the fuel constitute the adulterants. The adulterants alongside other cheap hydrocarbons are mixed with the base fuel to degrade its quality and for the monetary benefits of the business vendors. This makes the adulterated fuel to pose a very serious danger to the consumers. This research project developed an IoT-based fuel adulteration detection system using a weight sensor-based technique. The IoT-based system helps to notify and give information about the fuel adulteration to the user immediately on a registered website called thingspeak. The average detection accuracy and response time of the system are 96.37% and 1.34 seconds respectively. These results emphasize the crucial function of adulteration detection system in fuels, as it detects adulteration of liquids effectively and accurately for automobile users and thereby reducing the risk of adulteration in fuels.","PeriodicalId":14343,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72756959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-21DOI: 10.46565/jreas.2021.v06i04.004
S. Venkata, Phanindra Chary
Surface finishing of the external surfaces and comfortably reachable internal surfaces to a certain specification can be attained by traditional machining processes. However, most of these processes cannot finish internal and external surfaces of intricate shapes as they are nonflexible in nature. For this type of problem Abrasive Flow Machining (AFM) can be a viable solution. The AFM process uses a self-deforming tool. In the areas where the flow is restricted the abrasion takes place removing the material and generating finer surfaces. As time passed, different kinds of AFM have been developed to maximize productivity and enhance the surface finish. Factors that influence the material removal and surface finish in the AFM process are particle size, extrusion pressure, piston velocity, and media viscosity. Carrying out experiments for all the process parameters and obtaining better process parameters of AFM, precisely, in less time is tough to achieve. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation was employed to determine machining parameters. In this project, the parameters obtained theoretically and from the CFD simulation are compared with the available experimental data and then the better machining parameters for the surgical implant materials ASTM F1537 wrought Co-28Cr-6Mo alloy and Ti6Al4V alloy were also determined by using CFD simulation.
{"title":"COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS SIMULATION OF ABRASIVE FLOW MACHINING OF BIOMATERIALS","authors":"S. Venkata, Phanindra Chary","doi":"10.46565/jreas.2021.v06i04.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46565/jreas.2021.v06i04.004","url":null,"abstract":"Surface finishing of the external surfaces and comfortably reachable internal surfaces to a certain specification can be attained by traditional machining processes. However, most of these processes cannot finish internal and external surfaces of intricate shapes as they are nonflexible in nature. For this type of problem Abrasive Flow Machining (AFM) can be a viable solution. The AFM process uses a self-deforming tool. In the areas where the flow is restricted the abrasion takes place removing the material and generating finer surfaces. As time passed, different kinds of AFM have been developed to maximize productivity and enhance the surface finish. Factors that influence the material removal and surface finish in the AFM process are particle size, extrusion pressure, piston velocity, and media viscosity. Carrying out experiments for all the process parameters and obtaining better process parameters of AFM, precisely, in less time is tough to achieve. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation was employed to determine machining parameters. In this project, the parameters obtained theoretically and from the CFD simulation are compared with the available experimental data and then the better machining parameters for the surgical implant materials ASTM F1537 wrought Co-28Cr-6Mo alloy and Ti6Al4V alloy were also determined by using CFD simulation.","PeriodicalId":14343,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73741072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-21DOI: 10.46565/jreas.2021.v06i04.001
Benjamin Kommey, John Kwame Dunyo, E. T. Tchao, Andrew Selasi Agbemenu
Edge detection is a fundamental process in image processing that extracts information about the image and facilitates image segmentation and feature extraction. It has many applications in various fields of computer vision. Thus, it is very necessary to understand the performance of each of these edge detectors. This paper presents a comparative study of common edge detection operators in image processing using mean squared error (MSE), peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR), and Execution time (Et). The paper shows the canny edge detector is computationally expensive but provides higher accuracy in edge detection with higher PSNR and lower MSE. The software tool used in the project is MATLAB SIMULINK R2020a.
{"title":"A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF COMMON EDGE DETECTION OPERATORS IN DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING","authors":"Benjamin Kommey, John Kwame Dunyo, E. T. Tchao, Andrew Selasi Agbemenu","doi":"10.46565/jreas.2021.v06i04.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46565/jreas.2021.v06i04.001","url":null,"abstract":"Edge detection is a fundamental process in image processing that extracts information about the image and facilitates image segmentation and feature extraction. It has many applications in various fields of computer vision. Thus, it is very necessary to understand the performance of each of these edge detectors. This paper presents a comparative study of common edge detection operators in image processing using mean squared error (MSE), peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR), and Execution time (Et). The paper shows the canny edge detector is computationally expensive but provides higher accuracy in edge detection with higher PSNR and lower MSE. The software tool used in the project is MATLAB SIMULINK R2020a.","PeriodicalId":14343,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89764902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-21DOI: 10.46565/jreas.2021.v06i04.008
P. Dutta
The emergence of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) has paved a way for the automobile industry to tap into the vast potential of renewable sources of energy and to look for eco friendly alternatives to fossil fuels. Not only can the depletion of non renewable resources be countered effectively but the harmful detrimental effects of using these fossil fuels can also be reduced. Even though it has been established that HEVs tend to have more eco friendly benefits than their internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEV) counterparts, they too are not immune to adverse environmental implications. The production, operation and end of life phases of HEVs contribute to major adverse environmental effects related to greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions, human toxic byproducts etc. Hence an assessment of their environmental implications is being discussed in this paper and light has been shed on different assessment categories such as acidification potential, eutrophication, human toxicity potential, global warming potential etc. Furthermore the phases and parts of a HEV which contribute majorly to these implications are also discussed briefly. The environmental implications of the energy generation sources used in these HEVs are also taken into account.
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES: A REVIEW","authors":"P. Dutta","doi":"10.46565/jreas.2021.v06i04.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46565/jreas.2021.v06i04.008","url":null,"abstract":"The emergence of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) has paved a way for the automobile industry to tap into the vast potential of renewable sources of energy and to look for eco friendly alternatives to fossil fuels. Not only can the depletion of non renewable resources be countered effectively but the harmful detrimental effects of using these fossil fuels can also be reduced. Even though it has been established that HEVs tend to have more eco friendly benefits than their internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEV) counterparts, they too are not immune to adverse environmental implications. The production, operation and end of life phases of HEVs contribute to major adverse environmental effects related to greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions, human toxic byproducts etc. Hence an assessment of their environmental implications is being discussed in this paper and light has been shed on different assessment categories such as acidification potential, eutrophication, human toxicity potential, global warming potential etc. Furthermore the phases and parts of a HEV which contribute majorly to these implications are also discussed briefly. The environmental implications of the energy generation sources used in these HEVs are also taken into account.","PeriodicalId":14343,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"324 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78006319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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