Pub Date : 2021-10-21DOI: 10.46565/jreas.2021.v06i04.003
Madhuri V. Kakade, C. N. Deshmukh
Diabetic retinopathy is a retinal condition that affects people with diabetes and is the leading cause of blindness in the elderly. It's an asymptomatic illness characterized by abnormalities in blood vessels that might cause them to bleed or leak fluid, resulting in visual distortion. As a result, blood vessel extraction is critical in assisting ophthalmologists in detecting this illness at an early stage and preventing vision loss. Diabetes Retinopathy (DR) is a debilitating chronic illness that is one of the primary causes of blindness and vision impairment in diabetic individuals in industrialized nations. According to studies, the majority of instances may be avoided with early identification and treatment. Physicians utilize retinal imaging to detect lesions associated with this illness during eye screening. The amount of pictures that must be manually examined is getting expensive because of the rising number of diabetics.. In this research, we used Image Processing to offer a technique for automatically classifying diabetic retinopathy disease based on retina fundus pictures. For this, we combined a feature extraction approach based on a pre-trained deep neural network model with a machine learning-based support vector machine classification algorithm. In MATLAB software, the proposed system is examined and analyzed.
{"title":"CLASSIFICATION OF DIABETIC RETINOPATHY USING IMAGE PROCESSING IN DIABETIC PATIENTS","authors":"Madhuri V. Kakade, C. N. Deshmukh","doi":"10.46565/jreas.2021.v06i04.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46565/jreas.2021.v06i04.003","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetic retinopathy is a retinal condition that affects people with diabetes and is the leading cause of blindness in the elderly. It's an asymptomatic illness characterized by abnormalities in blood vessels that might cause them to bleed or leak fluid, resulting in visual distortion. As a result, blood vessel extraction is critical in assisting ophthalmologists in detecting this illness at an early stage and preventing vision loss. Diabetes Retinopathy (DR) is a debilitating chronic illness that is one of the primary causes of blindness and vision impairment in diabetic individuals in industrialized nations. According to studies, the majority of instances may be avoided with early identification and treatment. Physicians utilize retinal imaging to detect lesions associated with this illness during eye screening. The amount of pictures that must be manually examined is getting expensive because of the rising number of diabetics.. In this research, we used Image Processing to offer a technique for automatically classifying diabetic retinopathy disease based on retina fundus pictures. For this, we combined a feature extraction approach based on a pre-trained deep neural network model with a machine learning-based support vector machine classification algorithm. In MATLAB software, the proposed system is examined and analyzed.","PeriodicalId":14343,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85324544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-21DOI: 10.46565/jreas.2021.v06i04.005
Jie Guo, P. Robinson, Corin Holmes
Wall friction is a critical material characterization parameter to understand when designing mass flow bulk solids storage and handling equipment such as silos/bins and hoppers. There are two wall friction coefficients, namely kinematic (dynamic) and static, to consider, each of which can be measured using standardized test methods. While kinematic wall friction is commonly of more interest for design purposes, static friction is also required for certain applications, such as after material has been held at rest (i.e., not flowing) in storage. This study compares the results of both dynamic and static friction measurements for three bulk solids materials on various wall liners. The results showed that the static wall friction coefficient measured was not consistently higher than the dynamic coefficient as expected. Reasons for this difference are outlined, and the dependence on the material and wall
{"title":"DYNAMIC AND STATIC WALL FRICTIONS FOR BULK SOLIDS","authors":"Jie Guo, P. Robinson, Corin Holmes","doi":"10.46565/jreas.2021.v06i04.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46565/jreas.2021.v06i04.005","url":null,"abstract":"Wall friction is a critical material characterization parameter to understand when designing mass flow bulk solids storage and handling equipment such as silos/bins and hoppers. There are two wall friction coefficients, namely kinematic (dynamic) and static, to consider, each of which can be measured using standardized test methods. While kinematic wall friction is commonly of more interest for design purposes, static friction is also required for certain applications, such as after material has been held at rest (i.e., not flowing) in storage. This study compares the results of both dynamic and static friction measurements for three bulk solids materials on various wall liners. The results showed that the static wall friction coefficient measured was not consistently higher than the dynamic coefficient as expected. Reasons for this difference are outlined, and the dependence on the material and wall","PeriodicalId":14343,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90280721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-21DOI: 10.46565/jreas.2021.v06i04.002
Eba Kitata Kenea, Tarekegn Reta Mesfin
{"title":"ASSESSMENTS OF THE GRAVEL ROAD DETERIORATION HAVING OF MAINTENANCE CASE STUDY IN JIMMA ZONE","authors":"Eba Kitata Kenea, Tarekegn Reta Mesfin","doi":"10.46565/jreas.2021.v06i04.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46565/jreas.2021.v06i04.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14343,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77224316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Hexagonal split-ring resonators (HSRR) are one of the prime elements of metamaterial and patch antenna design in the millimetre-wave range. Even though it's widely used there is no particular mathematic model is available for it. This analysis presents the mathematical nature of the relation between split widths, resonance frequencies; reflection (s11) and mutual coupling (s12) by identifying tend of the data with the aid of machine learning algorithms. The predicted relation will help to design efficient metamaterial, antennas and related appliances.
{"title":"Analysis of the Hexagonal Split Ring Resonator using Machine Learning by Considering Split Gap as a Prime Factor","authors":"Thippesha D, Pramodh BR","doi":"10.31219/osf.io/as6rk","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/as6rk","url":null,"abstract":"The Hexagonal split-ring resonators (HSRR) are one of the prime elements of metamaterial and patch antenna design in the millimetre-wave range. Even though it's widely used there is no particular mathematic model is available for it. This analysis presents the mathematical nature of the relation between split widths, resonance frequencies; reflection (s11) and mutual coupling (s12) by identifying tend of the data with the aid of machine learning algorithms. The predicted relation will help to design efficient metamaterial, antennas and related appliances.","PeriodicalId":14343,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86140996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-30DOI: 10.55083/irjeas.2021.v09i03003
Greyson Martin, Liam Tremblay
Abstract - We all be familiar with two well-known forms of Carbon which are diamond and graphite. Diamond is a one of the toughest and hard material in the earth. Graphite is well-known as most brittle material. But one thing had changed forever, when two physicists A.K.Geim and K.S. Novoselov had got noble prize for “Graphene”. On the basis of his research work published title” The rise of Graphene”. His work shows that Graphene is 200 times stronger than cast iron. It have so many desirable qualities to use in our daily life. Graphene, becoming eminent as a true 2-D material, had got ever-increasing attention due to its unmatched physicochemical properties (excellent conductivity, high surface area, high mechanical strength ,ease of functionalization and mass production). Graphene is a extraordinarily amazing material with countless highest extents to its name. It is the thinnest material in the universe and the strongest yet calculated. Its charge carriers exhibit massive inherent mobility, have the negligible effective mass (it is zero) and can travel micrometer-long distances without scattering at room temperature. Graphene be able to uphold current densities 6 orders higher than copper, shows record thermal conductivity and stiffness, is impermeable to gases and reconciles such contradictory qualities as brittleness and ductility. Electron transport in graphene is described by a Dirac-like equation.
{"title":"GRAPHENE - A NEW AGE OF MATERIAL: A REVIEW","authors":"Greyson Martin, Liam Tremblay","doi":"10.55083/irjeas.2021.v09i03003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55083/irjeas.2021.v09i03003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract - We all be familiar with two well-known forms of Carbon which are diamond and graphite. Diamond is a one of the toughest and hard material in the earth. Graphite is well-known as most brittle material. But one thing had changed forever, when two physicists A.K.Geim and K.S. Novoselov had got noble prize for “Graphene”. On the basis of his research work published title” The rise of Graphene”. His work shows that Graphene is 200 times stronger than cast iron. It have so many desirable qualities to use in our daily life. Graphene, becoming eminent as a true 2-D material, had got ever-increasing attention due to its unmatched physicochemical properties (excellent conductivity, high surface area, high mechanical strength ,ease of functionalization and mass production). Graphene is a extraordinarily amazing material with countless highest extents to its name. It is the thinnest material in the universe and the strongest yet calculated. Its charge carriers exhibit massive inherent mobility, have the negligible effective mass (it is zero) and can travel micrometer-long distances without scattering at room temperature. Graphene be able to uphold current densities 6 orders higher than copper, shows record thermal conductivity and stiffness, is impermeable to gases and reconciles such contradictory qualities as brittleness and ductility. Electron transport in graphene is described by a Dirac-like equation.","PeriodicalId":14343,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85172498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-30DOI: 10.55083/irjeas.2021.v09i03004
Wilson Kahlon, Lucas Brown
Abstract- MANET is one of self-configuring fastest emerging, technology, due to commencement of economical, small & more powerful wireless devices. It is being used in most of applications, ranging from military to civilian, where each node acts as router. To facilitate communication in ADHOC network, a routing protocol is vital whose primary goal is to establish accurate & efficient route between pair of nodes, due to this lot of routing protocols have been proposed for MANET & its success depends on people’s confidence in its security. In this paper we discuss an energy efficient technique of sinkhole analysis on Ad-Hoc networks.
{"title":"ANALYSIS OF ENHANCED ENERGY EFFICIENT SINKHOLE ATTACK PREVENTION ON AD-HOC NETWORKS","authors":"Wilson Kahlon, Lucas Brown","doi":"10.55083/irjeas.2021.v09i03004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55083/irjeas.2021.v09i03004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract- MANET is one of self-configuring fastest emerging, technology, due to commencement of economical, small & more powerful wireless devices. It is being used in most of applications, ranging from military to civilian, where each node acts as router. To facilitate communication in ADHOC network, a routing protocol is vital whose primary goal is to establish accurate & efficient route between pair of nodes, due to this lot of routing protocols have been proposed for MANET & its success depends on people’s confidence in its security. In this paper we discuss an energy efficient technique of sinkhole analysis on Ad-Hoc networks.","PeriodicalId":14343,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76947306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-21DOI: 10.46565/jreas.2021.v06i03.004
Prasad D. Konde, Bharati Changhode
Water tanks are an important municipal and industrial structure. The design and construction methods used in reinforced concrete are influenced by the prevailing construction practices, physical properties of the material and climatic conditions. Before starting the design, the most appropriate type of tank installation and the correct assessment of loads are made, including the static balance of the structure, especially with regard to the overturning of overhanging elements. The work presented in the research work consists of a comparative analysis of the upper water tank in terms of shear force, bending moment and other parameters. From the results it is observed that the model-3 has the highest moment (kNm) as compared to the other models and have the maximum value of 170 kNm and the minimum value of 90 kNm for model-7.
{"title":"COMPARATIVE STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF OVERHEAD WATER TANK FOR DIFFERENT HEIGHT","authors":"Prasad D. Konde, Bharati Changhode","doi":"10.46565/jreas.2021.v06i03.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46565/jreas.2021.v06i03.004","url":null,"abstract":"Water tanks are an important municipal and industrial structure. The design and construction methods used in reinforced concrete are influenced by the prevailing construction practices, physical properties of the material and climatic conditions. Before starting the design, the most appropriate type of tank installation and the correct assessment of loads are made, including the static balance of the structure, especially with regard to the overturning of overhanging elements. The work presented in the research work consists of a comparative analysis of the upper water tank in terms of shear force, bending moment and other parameters. From the results it is observed that the model-3 has the highest moment (kNm) as compared to the other models and have the maximum value of 170 kNm and the minimum value of 90 kNm for model-7.","PeriodicalId":14343,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85857390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-21DOI: 10.46565/jreas.2021.v06i03.001
V. Oguntosin, Jamiu Olasina
This paper is aimed at modeling a cruise control system and examining its characteristics based on its root locus and frequency domain control strategies. This system is actualized with the aid of MATLAB for simulation and control purposes. The specifications of steady state error less than 1%, overshoot less than 5% and rise time less than 1.5 seconds were achieved using the developed model.
{"title":"CONTROL DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF CRUISE CONTROL SYSTEM","authors":"V. Oguntosin, Jamiu Olasina","doi":"10.46565/jreas.2021.v06i03.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46565/jreas.2021.v06i03.001","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is aimed at modeling a cruise control system and examining its characteristics based on its root locus and frequency domain control strategies. This system is actualized with the aid of MATLAB for simulation and control purposes. The specifications of steady state error less than 1%, overshoot less than 5% and rise time less than 1.5 seconds were achieved using the developed model.","PeriodicalId":14343,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"182 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80350375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.46565/jreas.2021.v06i03.003
T. Bangia
Devasthal site of Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences (ARIES), Nainital in central Himalayas is well known for its geographical location and accommodates three telescopes with their associated infrastructure. Further, development of site is planned with various upcoming astronomical and atmospheric instruments in near future. An integrated design for ensuring water security at this fast emerging astronomical observatory is carried out to supplement its existing sole ground water resource. Devasthal site receives sufficient rainfall but most of the water runs off and goes unutilized due to steep slopes and absence of natural barriers. Rainwater harvesting is seen as the most viable and long term solution to meet water requirements at remote site due to lack of conventional water supply systems. A scheme of rooftop rainwater harvesting system utilizing one of the astronomical building is discussed in the paper to sustain water requirements. Management of harvested water for the three buildings will be carried out with smart systems based on Internet of Things (IoT). As a drive towards self-reliance, various proactive customized steps are planned for rejuvenating the existing water supply and to create alternate supply for meeting growing and emergency demands.
{"title":"AN INTEGRATED DESIGN FOR ENSURING WATER SECURITY AT DEVASTHAL, INDIA","authors":"T. Bangia","doi":"10.46565/jreas.2021.v06i03.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46565/jreas.2021.v06i03.003","url":null,"abstract":"Devasthal site of Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences (ARIES), Nainital in central Himalayas is well known for its geographical location and accommodates three telescopes with their associated infrastructure. Further, development of site is planned with various upcoming astronomical and atmospheric instruments in near future. An integrated design for ensuring water security at this fast emerging astronomical observatory is carried out to supplement its existing sole ground water resource. Devasthal site receives sufficient rainfall but most of the water runs off and goes unutilized due to steep slopes and absence of natural barriers. Rainwater harvesting is seen as the most viable and long term solution to meet water requirements at remote site due to lack of conventional water supply systems. A scheme of rooftop rainwater harvesting system utilizing one of the astronomical building is discussed in the paper to sustain water requirements. Management of harvested water for the three buildings will be carried out with smart systems based on Internet of Things (IoT). As a drive towards self-reliance, various proactive customized steps are planned for rejuvenating the existing water supply and to create alternate supply for meeting growing and emergency demands.","PeriodicalId":14343,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"58 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91444784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.55083/irjeas.2021.v09i02001
Meena Deshbhratar, Amal Srivastava
Abstract- Network protection in our everyday lives is becoming increasingly critical today. Since we cannot live without the Internet, it is important to have a good and security environment for networking. Cross site scripting (XSS) does, however, attack millions of websites. We can use XSS to insert malicious scripting code into apps and then return it to the customer side. If users are using the web browser to visit the injecting place of the malicious script code, it is directly run on the customer machine. The main words of XSS are commonly found in the JavaScript browser or on the server component to filter malicious code. However, it is difficult to collect all keywords in the detecting-list in order to prevent XSS attack. However, it is possible to create various forms of malicious scripting. It is also worthwhile for more people to work on XSS and find more ways to prevent XSS attacks.
{"title":"HANDLING VULNERABLE SCRIPT CODE IN WEB ENGINEERING","authors":"Meena Deshbhratar, Amal Srivastava","doi":"10.55083/irjeas.2021.v09i02001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55083/irjeas.2021.v09i02001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract- Network protection in our everyday lives is becoming increasingly critical today. Since we cannot live without the Internet, it is important to have a good and security environment for networking. Cross site scripting (XSS) does, however, attack millions of websites. We can use XSS to insert malicious scripting code into apps and then return it to the customer side. If users are using the web browser to visit the injecting place of the malicious script code, it is directly run on the customer machine. The main words of XSS are commonly found in the JavaScript browser or on the server component to filter malicious code. However, it is difficult to collect all keywords in the detecting-list in order to prevent XSS attack. However, it is possible to create various forms of malicious scripting. It is also worthwhile for more people to work on XSS and find more ways to prevent XSS attacks.","PeriodicalId":14343,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"174 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79624218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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