{"title":"THE EPIC OF THE CATASTROPHE AND THE POETIC CREATIVITY BETWEEN MAHMOUD DARWISH AND MURID EL-BARGHOUTHIمشهدية النكبة والابداع الشعريّ بين محمود درويش ومريد البرغوثي","authors":"Bashir Faraj","doi":"10.54729/2789-8296.1087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54729/2789-8296.1087","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":143734,"journal":{"name":"BAU Journal - Society, Culture and Human Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125396370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY, EQUITY AND HEALTH: ‘DO YOU SPEAK COVID-19?’","authors":"L. C. Helmi","doi":"10.54729/2789-8296.1075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54729/2789-8296.1075","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":143734,"journal":{"name":"BAU Journal - Society, Culture and Human Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125768715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"AN EVIL WHO TEACHES HUMILITY IN THE NOVEL «LA COURONNE DU DIABLE» FROM ALEXANDRE NAJJARUN MAL QUI ENSEIGNE L’HUMILITÉ DANS LA COURONNE DU DIABLED’ALEXANDRE NAJJAR »","authors":"Sophie Nicolaïdes-Salloum","doi":"10.54729/2789-8296.1086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54729/2789-8296.1086","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":143734,"journal":{"name":"BAU Journal - Society, Culture and Human Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115540318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Huda Maatouk, Marwan Iskandar Halabi, H. Mohsen, Maged A. Youssef
In a dynamic world, the challenge behind reaching utopia is a result of the continuity of change and the metamorphosis. Metamorphosis, from the Greek meta signifying the change and morphe referring to the form, is a change and adaptation of the form or nature of something into a different one through time. However, when it comes to urban metamorphosis, it is a tension between the traditional living and the raise of technology through history, and this adaptation is affecting cities, buildings, identity, and environment. Urban metamorphosis of undeveloped non-organized cities had created urban and social fragmentation; unorganized cities are broken urban fabrics disconnected by bare lands. Therefore, this research aims to establish guidelines to metamorphic the leftover lands to create utopian spaces in the cities. To achieve this aim the study starts with a literature review including previous opinion in the field of study, and the case study analysis of the neighborhood of Bachoura in Beirut city; a disconnected neighborhood from Beirut central city. The urban fabric of this neighborhood needs to reconsider preserving the identity which goes back to 1960s, and to reconsidering the use of the urban leftover spaces in revitalizing the district. A holistic approach of urban integration among built and natural environment, changes the way people occupy a place and get attached to it.
{"title":"EXPLORING POTENTIALS OF LEFTOVER SPACES USING URBAN METAMORPHOSIS","authors":"Huda Maatouk, Marwan Iskandar Halabi, H. Mohsen, Maged A. Youssef","doi":"10.54729/2789-8296.1058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54729/2789-8296.1058","url":null,"abstract":"In a dynamic world, the challenge behind reaching utopia is a result of the continuity of change and the metamorphosis. Metamorphosis, from the Greek meta signifying the change and morphe referring to the form, is a change and adaptation of the form or nature of something into a different one through time. However, when it comes to urban metamorphosis, it is a tension between the traditional living and the raise of technology through history, and this adaptation is affecting cities, buildings, identity, and environment. Urban metamorphosis of undeveloped non-organized cities had created urban and social fragmentation; unorganized cities are broken urban fabrics disconnected by bare lands. Therefore, this research aims to establish guidelines to metamorphic the leftover lands to create utopian spaces in the cities. To achieve this aim the study starts with a literature review including previous opinion in the field of study, and the case study analysis of the neighborhood of Bachoura in Beirut city; a disconnected neighborhood from Beirut central city. The urban fabric of this neighborhood needs to reconsider preserving the identity which goes back to 1960s, and to reconsidering the use of the urban leftover spaces in revitalizing the district. A holistic approach of urban integration among built and natural environment, changes the way people occupy a place and get attached to it.","PeriodicalId":143734,"journal":{"name":"BAU Journal - Society, Culture and Human Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117009108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"THE NEAR AND DISTANT DISCOURSE TOWARDS DISASTERLE DISCOURS PROCHE ET LOINTAIN ENVERS LA CATASTROPHE","authors":"Mohammed Alkhattib","doi":"10.54729/2789-8296.1082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54729/2789-8296.1082","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":143734,"journal":{"name":"BAU Journal - Society, Culture and Human Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125468503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"THE MEDIATION ROLE OF CUSTOMER SATISFACTION ON SERVICE QUALITY AND CORPORATE IMAGE - AN EVIDENCE FROM LEBANESE PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES","authors":"L. Khawaja, A. A. Ali, Nehale Mostapha","doi":"10.54729/2789-8296.1060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54729/2789-8296.1060","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":143734,"journal":{"name":"BAU Journal - Society, Culture and Human Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121227450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"BEIRUT PORT’S SPARKLE IN ARABIC POETRYومضة مرفأ بيروت في الشعر العربي","authors":"Samir Itani","doi":"10.54729/2789-8296.1088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54729/2789-8296.1088","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":143734,"journal":{"name":"BAU Journal - Society, Culture and Human Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127809823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"DISASTER AND SOCIO-CULTURAL IMPACT: BETWEEN SOCIAL REPRESENTATIONS AND RESILIENCECATASTROPHE ET IMPACT SOCIO-CULTUREL: ENTRE REPRÉSENTATIONS SOCIALES ET RÉSILIENCE","authors":"A. Idrissi","doi":"10.54729/2789-8296.1085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54729/2789-8296.1085","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":143734,"journal":{"name":"BAU Journal - Society, Culture and Human Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124919366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT: This study aims to examine psychometric properties of the of the original DASS-42 & the short version DASS-21 of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales among undergraduates. The original DASS-42 & the short version DASS-21 were administered to a two independent samples with a total of (1677) students from Kuwait University of (740 males and 937 females) for the validity and reliability evaluation of the original DASS-42 & the short version DASS-21, as well as exploring gender differences. The following measures were administered to participants: original DASS-42 & the short version DASS-21 , second version of Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), Beck Anxiety Inventory, and the Big Five Inventory (BFI-2) Anxiety, Depression & Neuroticism subscales. Cronbach’s Alpha mean were ranged for the original DASS -42 subscales between 0.83 for depression, 0.79 for anxiety, and 0.81 for Stress. While for the short DASS -21 subscales between 0.78 for depression, 0.77 for anxiety, and 0.76 for Stress. The exploratory & conformity factor analysis extracts three factors from the original DASS-42 & the short version DASS-21. Significant correlations were found between the original DASS-42 & the short version DASS-21 subscales, BDI-II, BAI, BFI-2 Depression, BFI-2 Anxiety, & BFI-2 Neuroticism. A significant gender differences were found in the original DASS-42 & the short version DASS-21 of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales in which females scored higher than males in Depression, Anxiety, & Stress. صخلم : فدهت ةساردلا ةيلاحلا ىلإ ققحتلا نم صئاصخلا وكيسلا ةيرتم ةروصلل ةيلصلأا DASS-42 ةروصلاو ةرصتخملا DASS-21 سيياقمل بائتكلاا قلقلاو داهجلإاو ىدل بلاط ةعماجلا . تمدختسا يف هذه ةساردلا نيتنيع نيتلقتسم يلامجإ اهماوق ) 1677 ( نم بلاط ةعماج تيوكلا عقاوب ) 740 ( نم ةبلطلا و ) 937 ( نم ،تابلاطلا كلذو باسحل تابثلا قدصلاو صحفلو قورفلا نيب نيسنجلا . مت قيبطت ةروصلا ةيلصلأا DASS-42، ةروصلاو ةرصتخملا DASS-21 نم سيياقم بائتكلاا قلقلاو ،داهجلإاو ةمئاقو " كيب " ةيناثلا بائتكلال BDI-II، ةمئاقو " كيب " قلقلل BAI، سايقمو قلقلا بائتكلااو ةيباصعلاو ةعرفتملا نم ةعبطلا ةيناثلا ةمئاقل ةسمخلا رابكلا BFI-2. دقو ترفسأ جئاتن ةساردلا نع نيابت تلاماعم تابثلا سيياقملل ةيعرفلا ةثلاثلا ةنوكملا ةروصلل ةيلصلأا DASS-42 نم سيياقم بائتكلاا قلقلاو ،داهجلإاو غلب طسوتم لماعم افلأ 0.83 سايقمل ،بائتكلاا و 0.79 سايقمل ،قلقلا و 0.81 سايقمل داهجلإا . يف نيح غلب طسوتم لماعم افلأ 0.78 سايقمل ،بائتكلاا و 0.77 سايقمل ،قلقلا و 0.76 سايقمل داهجلإا ةروصلل ةرصتخملا DASS-21. امك ترفسا جئاتن قدصلا يلماعلا يفاشكتسلاا يديكوتلاو نع صلاختسا ةثلاث لماوع ةنوكم ةروصلل ةيلصلأا DASS-42 ةرصتخملاو DASS-21 نم سيياقم بائتكلاا قلقلاو داهجلإاو . امك تفشك جئاتنلا نع تاطابترا ةيرهوج ةبجوم نيب نيب عيمج تاريغتم ةساردلا . اريخأو تفشك جئاتنلا نع دوجو قورف ةيرهوج نيب نيسنجلا يف بائتكلاا قلقلاو داهجلإاو حلاصل تابلاطلا .
{"title":"PSYCHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ORIGINAL DASS-42 & THE SHORT VERSION DASS-21 OF THE DEPRESSION ANXIETY STRESS SCALES AMONG UNDERGRADUATESالخصائص السيكو مترية للصورة الأصلية DASS-42 والصورة المختصرة DASS-21 لمقاييس الاكتئاب والقلق والإجهاد لدى طلاب الجامعة","authors":"Bader M. Alansari","doi":"10.54729/2789-8296.1064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54729/2789-8296.1064","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: This study aims to examine psychometric properties of the of the original DASS-42 & the short version DASS-21 of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales among undergraduates. The original DASS-42 & the short version DASS-21 were administered to a two independent samples with a total of (1677) students from Kuwait University of (740 males and 937 females) for the validity and reliability evaluation of the original DASS-42 & the short version DASS-21, as well as exploring gender differences. The following measures were administered to participants: original DASS-42 & the short version DASS-21 , second version of Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), Beck Anxiety Inventory, and the Big Five Inventory (BFI-2) Anxiety, Depression & Neuroticism subscales. Cronbach’s Alpha mean were ranged for the original DASS -42 subscales between 0.83 for depression, 0.79 for anxiety, and 0.81 for Stress. While for the short DASS -21 subscales between 0.78 for depression, 0.77 for anxiety, and 0.76 for Stress. The exploratory & conformity factor analysis extracts three factors from the original DASS-42 & the short version DASS-21. Significant correlations were found between the original DASS-42 & the short version DASS-21 subscales, BDI-II, BAI, BFI-2 Depression, BFI-2 Anxiety, & BFI-2 Neuroticism. A significant gender differences were found in the original DASS-42 & the short version DASS-21 of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales in which females scored higher than males in Depression, Anxiety, & Stress. صخلم : فدهت ةساردلا ةيلاحلا ىلإ ققحتلا نم صئاصخلا وكيسلا ةيرتم ةروصلل ةيلصلأا DASS-42 ةروصلاو ةرصتخملا DASS-21 سيياقمل بائتكلاا قلقلاو داهجلإاو ىدل بلاط ةعماجلا . تمدختسا يف هذه ةساردلا نيتنيع نيتلقتسم يلامجإ اهماوق ) 1677 ( نم بلاط ةعماج تيوكلا عقاوب ) 740 ( نم ةبلطلا و ) 937 ( نم ،تابلاطلا كلذو باسحل تابثلا قدصلاو صحفلو قورفلا نيب نيسنجلا . مت قيبطت ةروصلا ةيلصلأا DASS-42، ةروصلاو ةرصتخملا DASS-21 نم سيياقم بائتكلاا قلقلاو ،داهجلإاو ةمئاقو \" كيب \" ةيناثلا بائتكلال BDI-II، ةمئاقو \" كيب \" قلقلل BAI، سايقمو قلقلا بائتكلااو ةيباصعلاو ةعرفتملا نم ةعبطلا ةيناثلا ةمئاقل ةسمخلا رابكلا BFI-2. دقو ترفسأ جئاتن ةساردلا نع نيابت تلاماعم تابثلا سيياقملل ةيعرفلا ةثلاثلا ةنوكملا ةروصلل ةيلصلأا DASS-42 نم سيياقم بائتكلاا قلقلاو ،داهجلإاو غلب طسوتم لماعم افلأ 0.83 سايقمل ،بائتكلاا و 0.79 سايقمل ،قلقلا و 0.81 سايقمل داهجلإا . يف نيح غلب طسوتم لماعم افلأ 0.78 سايقمل ،بائتكلاا و 0.77 سايقمل ،قلقلا و 0.76 سايقمل داهجلإا ةروصلل ةرصتخملا DASS-21. امك ترفسا جئاتن قدصلا يلماعلا يفاشكتسلاا يديكوتلاو نع صلاختسا ةثلاث لماوع ةنوكم ةروصلل ةيلصلأا DASS-42 ةرصتخملاو DASS-21 نم سيياقم بائتكلاا قلقلاو داهجلإاو . امك تفشك جئاتنلا نع تاطابترا ةيرهوج ةبجوم نيب نيب عيمج تاريغتم ةساردلا . اريخأو تفشك جئاتنلا نع دوجو قورف ةيرهوج نيب نيسنجلا يف بائتكلاا قلقلاو داهجلإاو حلاصل تابلاطلا .","PeriodicalId":143734,"journal":{"name":"BAU Journal - Society, Culture and Human Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133432572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose – This paper aims to examine the association between internal corporate governance and earnings management and to compare earnings management practices in Islamic banks versus conventional banks in the MENA region. Design/methodology/approach – This paper uses an unbalanced panel data of 20 Islamic banks and 100 conventional banks, from eleven countries in the MENA region over the period 2012-2017. Discretionary accruals are used to measure earnings management by estimating loan loss provision. Regression analysis is used to test the hypotheses. Findings – The results indicate that Islamic banks provide fewer earnings management practices compared to conventional banks. Besides, the results show that among the six corporate governance mechanisms studied in this paper only board meetings, board size, and board independence can help in mitigating earnings management for conventional banks. Whereas, for the case of Islamic banks, corporate governance mechanisms have no impact on reducing earnings management. Practical implications – This paper could offer some recommendations for policymakers, regulators, and users of financial statements. The results of this study could assist in improving the monitoring role of the board of directors and understanding the relationship between corporate governance mechanisms and earnings management. Originality/value – This paper contributes by investigating the effect of new mechanisms on earnings management, and by examining earnings management practices in Islamic banks compared to conventional banks in unexamined countries and periods.
{"title":"THE IMPACT OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE ON EARNINGS MANAGEMENT IN ISLAMIC AND CONVENTIONAL BANKS","authors":"Christina A. Al Hajjar, E. S. Mokhtar, M. Mandour","doi":"10.54729/2789-8296.1046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54729/2789-8296.1046","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – This paper aims to examine the association between internal corporate governance and earnings management and to compare earnings management practices in Islamic banks versus conventional banks in the MENA region. Design/methodology/approach – This paper uses an unbalanced panel data of 20 Islamic banks and 100 conventional banks, from eleven countries in the MENA region over the period 2012-2017. Discretionary accruals are used to measure earnings management by estimating loan loss provision. Regression analysis is used to test the hypotheses. Findings – The results indicate that Islamic banks provide fewer earnings management practices compared to conventional banks. Besides, the results show that among the six corporate governance mechanisms studied in this paper only board meetings, board size, and board independence can help in mitigating earnings management for conventional banks. Whereas, for the case of Islamic banks, corporate governance mechanisms have no impact on reducing earnings management. Practical implications – This paper could offer some recommendations for policymakers, regulators, and users of financial statements. The results of this study could assist in improving the monitoring role of the board of directors and understanding the relationship between corporate governance mechanisms and earnings management. Originality/value – This paper contributes by investigating the effect of new mechanisms on earnings management, and by examining earnings management practices in Islamic banks compared to conventional banks in unexamined countries and periods.","PeriodicalId":143734,"journal":{"name":"BAU Journal - Society, Culture and Human Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114066191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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