Acute myeloid leukaemia is becoming more predominant in blood cancer in geriatrics people groups. In 2017, four new therapeutic candidates have been approved by the FDA: Enasidenib, CPX 351, Midostaurin, and Gemtuzumab ozogamicin; with the approval of Venetoclax and Daurismo, additional advances were achieved in 2018. Ivosidenib and gilteritinib were also accepted as single-agent therapy in persistent and recurrent AML 2018. Most of the anticancer drugs belong to Biopharmaceutical classification system-II (BSC), and BCS class-IV has poor bioavailability because of solubility issues. We will overcome this problem by preparing nanoparticles of this drug by using different nanoparticle preparation methods.
{"title":"Development of nanoparticles for the Novel anticancer therapeutic agents for Acute Myeloid Leukemia","authors":"Ajay Bhagwat, Rohit Doke Doke, Santosh Ghule, Bipin Gandhi","doi":"10.37285/ijpsn.2023.16.4.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2023.16.4.7","url":null,"abstract":"Acute myeloid leukaemia is becoming more predominant in blood cancer in geriatrics people groups. In 2017, four new therapeutic candidates have been approved by the FDA: Enasidenib, CPX 351, Midostaurin, and Gemtuzumab ozogamicin; with the approval of Venetoclax and Daurismo, additional advances were achieved in 2018. Ivosidenib and gilteritinib were also accepted as single-agent therapy in persistent and recurrent AML 2018. Most of the anticancer drugs belong to Biopharmaceutical classification system-II (BSC), and BCS class-IV has poor bioavailability because of solubility issues. We will overcome this problem by preparing nanoparticles of this drug by using different nanoparticle preparation methods.","PeriodicalId":14382,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135357683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.37285/ijpsn.2023.16.4.4
Sejal H Dhaduk, Nilesh K Patel, Jaivik H Modh, Amitkumar J Vyas, Ajay I Patel
Objective: A simple, rapid, precise, and reproducible RP-HPLC method development and validation for estimation of Diclofenac Diethylamine in Topical Solution.
Experimental condition: The method was developed using Kromasil C8 (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) column. Mobile phase composition was Buffer: Methanol (25:75 %V/V) (Buffer-1.37 g of NaH2PO4 in 1000 ml adjust pH 2.5 ± 0.05 with OPA.), flow rate 1 ml/min and detection carried out at 254 nm at column temperature 40ºC. The injection volume was 10µl with run time of 10 minutes. Diluent used was Methanol: Water (50:50 % V/V).
Results: The retention time for Diclofenac Diethylamine was found 5.26 minute. Method found linear in the range of 50-150 µg/ml (r2 = 0.9998). Percentage Recovery was 100.5-100.9 %. The RSD for Diclofenac Diethylamine are less than 2 for precision, specificity, robustness respectively.
Conclusion: A simple and rapid RP-HPLC method was developed for the estimation of Diclofenac Diethylamine in pure API and Topical formulation. The method was validated as per ICH guideline and statistical data confirmed Specificity, Linearity, Accuracy, Precision and Robustness of proposed method.
目的:建立一种简便、快速、精确、重现性好的反相高效液相色谱法测定外用溶液中双氯芬酸二乙胺的含量。实验条件:色谱柱为Kromasil C8 (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 5µm)。流动相组成为Buffer:甲醇(25:75 %V/V) (Buffer-1.37 g NaH2PO4 in 1000 ml调节pH 2.5±0.05与OPA)，流速1 ml/min，柱温40℃，254 nm检测。进样量为10µl，运行时间为10分钟。稀释剂为甲醇:水(50:50 % V/V);结果:双氯芬酸二乙胺的保留时间为5.26 min。方法在50 ~ 150µg/ml范围内呈线性关系(r2 = 0.9998)。回收率为100.5 ~ 100.9%。双氯芬酸二乙胺的精密度、特异性、稳健性的RSD均小于2。结论:建立了一种简便、快速的双氯芬酸二乙胺原料药和外用制剂中双氯芬酸二乙胺含量测定方法。根据ICH指南对该方法进行了验证，统计数据证实了该方法的专属性、线性度、准确度、精密度和稳健性。
{"title":"RP-HPLC Method Development for Estimation of Diclofenac Diethylamine Topical Solution","authors":"Sejal H Dhaduk, Nilesh K Patel, Jaivik H Modh, Amitkumar J Vyas, Ajay I Patel","doi":"10.37285/ijpsn.2023.16.4.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2023.16.4.4","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: A simple, rapid, precise, and reproducible RP-HPLC method development and validation for estimation of Diclofenac Diethylamine in Topical Solution.
 Experimental condition: The method was developed using Kromasil C8 (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) column. Mobile phase composition was Buffer: Methanol (25:75 %V/V) (Buffer-1.37 g of NaH2PO4 in 1000 ml adjust pH 2.5 ± 0.05 with OPA.), flow rate 1 ml/min and detection carried out at 254 nm at column temperature 40ºC. The injection volume was 10µl with run time of 10 minutes. Diluent used was Methanol: Water (50:50 % V/V).
 Results: The retention time for Diclofenac Diethylamine was found 5.26 minute. Method found linear in the range of 50-150 µg/ml (r2 = 0.9998). Percentage Recovery was 100.5-100.9 %. The RSD for Diclofenac Diethylamine are less than 2 for precision, specificity, robustness respectively.
 Conclusion: A simple and rapid RP-HPLC method was developed for the estimation of Diclofenac Diethylamine in pure API and Topical formulation. The method was validated as per ICH guideline and statistical data confirmed Specificity, Linearity, Accuracy, Precision and Robustness of proposed method.","PeriodicalId":14382,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135357927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.37285/ijpsn.2023.16.4.1
None Bikash Medhi, Varun Gorki
Introduction In many ways, malaria is giving a challenge to researchers globally, day by day. But, the potential of nanotechnology/nanomedicine to work at the nanoscale has allowed us to target receptors/molecules of the parasite directly at a nanoscale level as well as the impetus to develop devious nanostructures that could solve the problems which previously impeded the conventional pharmacological approaches from being successful. Over the four decades, the slow but steady integration of life-sciences disciplines and nanotechnology has started transforming the way to detect and diagnose for the betterment of health1. This idea was first presented in 1974 by Professor Norio Taniguchi2, and it received the least attention concerning malaria. However, drug resistance, social demerits, and environmental concerns made malaria the exterminator and notorious disease that is known to all. The mainstay of current anti-plasmodial medication is chemotherapy, which comes with toxic severe side effects. Resistance among the parasite spp. that leads to treatment failure, insufficient knowledge of the biology and pathology of a parasite, complexity of life-cycle, dispersed locations of Plasmodium spp., and the difficulty in developing new antimalarial drugs as this development process is time-consuming and an expensive, poses a significant challenge when researchers are trying to create new antimalarial medications3. Therefore, researchers are trying to deliver drugs without toxicity and improve efficacy4 by employing nanotechnological approaches. It enhances its solubility profile, modifies the pharmacokinetic characteristics of the drug, prevents drug deterioration, and supports a continuous release of the drug at the intended site.
{"title":"Application of Nanotechnology in Malaria Research","authors":"None Bikash Medhi, Varun Gorki","doi":"10.37285/ijpsn.2023.16.4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2023.16.4.1","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction In many ways, malaria is giving a challenge to researchers globally, day by day. But, the potential of nanotechnology/nanomedicine to work at the nanoscale has allowed us to target receptors/molecules of the parasite directly at a nanoscale level as well as the impetus to develop devious nanostructures that could solve the problems which previously impeded the conventional pharmacological approaches from being successful. Over the four decades, the slow but steady integration of life-sciences disciplines and nanotechnology has started transforming the way to detect and diagnose for the betterment of health1. This idea was first presented in 1974 by Professor Norio Taniguchi2, and it received the least attention concerning malaria. However, drug resistance, social demerits, and environmental concerns made malaria the exterminator and notorious disease that is known to all. The mainstay of current anti-plasmodial medication is chemotherapy, which comes with toxic severe side effects. Resistance among the parasite spp. that leads to treatment failure, insufficient knowledge of the biology and pathology of a parasite, complexity of life-cycle, dispersed locations of Plasmodium spp., and the difficulty in developing new antimalarial drugs as this development process is time-consuming and an expensive, poses a significant challenge when researchers are trying to create new antimalarial medications3. Therefore, researchers are trying to deliver drugs without toxicity and improve efficacy4 by employing nanotechnological approaches. It enhances its solubility profile, modifies the pharmacokinetic characteristics of the drug, prevents drug deterioration, and supports a continuous release of the drug at the intended site.","PeriodicalId":14382,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135358116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.37285/ijpsn.2023.16.4.9
Dr. Saumya Das, Avijit Mazumder, Anchit Dogra, Avinash Jha
Camel milk (CM) has been demonstrated to be effective in treating a broad range of illnesses. Camel's milk is regarded to have therapeutic properties because of its unique composition. Some people consider CM to be a precious commodity. White CM is made by combining fat and water. Several clinical studies have shown that CM effectively treats various diseases, including chronic ones. Most of the medicinal advantages of CM are included in this study. CM ingredients and qualities are similar to those found in mother's milk, making it superior to cow's milk. Insulin-like and protective proteins are found in abundance, along with lactose, which is the primary carbohydrate. It has anti-tumour qualities, and the robust immune system components assist in combatting disorders, including diabetes, autism, and diarrhoea. It has been used by Nomads and Bedouins (Arabian tribal) for millennia because of these properties.
{"title":"Compositional and Functional Characteristics of Camel Milk: Evidence Based Review","authors":"Dr. Saumya Das, Avijit Mazumder, Anchit Dogra, Avinash Jha","doi":"10.37285/ijpsn.2023.16.4.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2023.16.4.9","url":null,"abstract":"Camel milk (CM) has been demonstrated to be effective in treating a broad range of illnesses. Camel's milk is regarded to have therapeutic properties because of its unique composition. Some people consider CM to be a precious commodity. White CM is made by combining fat and water. Several clinical studies have shown that CM effectively treats various diseases, including chronic ones. Most of the medicinal advantages of CM are included in this study. CM ingredients and qualities are similar to those found in mother's milk, making it superior to cow's milk. Insulin-like and protective proteins are found in abundance, along with lactose, which is the primary carbohydrate. It has anti-tumour qualities, and the robust immune system components assist in combatting disorders, including diabetes, autism, and diarrhoea. It has been used by Nomads and Bedouins (Arabian tribal) for millennia because of these properties.","PeriodicalId":14382,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135357925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.37285/ijpsn.2023.16.4.6
Sujitha Muvva, Siva Prasad M, Prachet P, Rama Rao N
The capsaicin alkaloid is the secondary metabolite present in the fruits of Capsicum annum, which belongs to the family Solanaceae. Capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin constitute 50% of the capsaicinoids in Capsicum annum. The present article describes methods for extracting Capsaicin, like soxhlation, microwave-assisted extraction(MAE), ultrasonication, and supercritical fluid extraction. Also, different analytical methods for estimating Capsaicin are specified, including spectroscopic and chromatographic methods and hyphenated techniques, and the best approach is described. Microwave-assisted extraction of Capsaicin at a temperature of 120ºC and the solid-liquid ratio of 25mg/mL for 90 min yields 3.85% of Capsaicin, the most suitable and easy method for extracting Capsaicin. The best way for estimating Capsaicin is to use a GC-MS method with EI ionization at 70 eV and a column of 5% diphenyl, 95% dimethylpolysiloxane, 30 m x 0.25 mm, using helium as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.61 mL/min at a column temperature of 60ºC and injector temperature of 250ºC. Capsaicin has many pharmacological effects like anti-cancer, antidiabetic, antioxidant, antimicrobial, etc., which are also discussed in this article.
辣椒素生物碱是辣椒科植物辣椒果实中的次生代谢产物。辣椒素和二氢辣椒素占辣椒素类物质的50%。本文介绍了辣椒素的提取方法，包括草酸法、微波辅助提取法、超声波提取法和超临界流体提取法。同时，对辣椒素的分析方法进行了详细介绍，包括光谱法、色谱法和联用法，并对最佳方法进行了描述。微波辅助提取辣椒素的条件为:温度120℃，料液比25mg/mL，提取90 min，辣椒素得率为3.85%，是提取辣椒素最适宜、最简便的方法。测定辣椒素的最佳方法是采用气相色谱-质谱法，EI电离70 eV，色谱柱为5%二苯基，95%二甲基聚硅氧烷，30 m x 0.25 mm，以氦气为流动相，流速为1.61 mL/min，柱温为60℃，进样温度为250℃。辣椒素具有抗癌、抗糖尿病、抗氧化、抗菌等药理作用，本文也对其进行了讨论。
{"title":"A Review on Capsaicin-Methods of Extraction, Estimation and Therapeutic Effects","authors":"Sujitha Muvva, Siva Prasad M, Prachet P, Rama Rao N","doi":"10.37285/ijpsn.2023.16.4.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2023.16.4.6","url":null,"abstract":"The capsaicin alkaloid is the secondary metabolite present in the fruits of Capsicum annum, which belongs to the family Solanaceae. Capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin constitute 50% of the capsaicinoids in Capsicum annum. The present article describes methods for extracting Capsaicin, like soxhlation, microwave-assisted extraction(MAE), ultrasonication, and supercritical fluid extraction. Also, different analytical methods for estimating Capsaicin are specified, including spectroscopic and chromatographic methods and hyphenated techniques, and the best approach is described. Microwave-assisted extraction of Capsaicin at a temperature of 120ºC and the solid-liquid ratio of 25mg/mL for 90 min yields 3.85% of Capsaicin, the most suitable and easy method for extracting Capsaicin. The best way for estimating Capsaicin is to use a GC-MS method with EI ionization at 70 eV and a column of 5% diphenyl, 95% dimethylpolysiloxane, 30 m x 0.25 mm, using helium as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.61 mL/min at a column temperature of 60ºC and injector temperature of 250ºC. Capsaicin has many pharmacological effects like anti-cancer, antidiabetic, antioxidant, antimicrobial, etc., which are also discussed in this article.","PeriodicalId":14382,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology","volume":"157 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135358117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.37285/ijpsn.2023.16.4.8
Abhishek Kanugo
The therapeutic efficacy and safety of active ingredients are limited in several dosage forms, especially for those where the skin is the prime application area. Injectable has the potential of high efficacy and bioavailability but needle phobia, painful delivery, inflammatory response, and non-compliance make them less usable. Microneedle (MN) delivery overcomes almost all the limitations by offering painless self-administration, is highly effective, economical, avoids waste generation, and has high patient compliance. The MN technique is unique and novel for delivering all therapeutic moieties, vaccines, and micro and macromolecular drugs. The MN delivery is based on the mechanism of poke and patch, coat and patch, poke and release, poke and flow. The several types of MN utilized are solid, coated, hollow, dissolving, and hydrogel-forming microneedles. The materials fabricating MNs are mainly non-degradable (metals, PVP, PVA, etc.) and degradable (natural, PLGA, PAMA, etc.). MN delivery finds significant application in diagnosing several diseases by collecting blood samples and biological fluids with minimal pain. Moreover, the tremendous significance of the MN technique is observed in vaccines, hormones, proteins, peptides, psoriasis, ocular diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, malaria, gene delivery, and cosmetics. The delivery of several kinds of injections in cancer therapy is also harrowing. MN delivery worked excellently by delivering immunotherapeutic, immune checkpoint suppressors, photothermal therapy, and photodynamic therapy and thus valuable for targeting cancer with high success and minimal toxicity.
{"title":"Recent Advancement of Microneedle Technique in Diagnosis and Therapy of Diseases","authors":"Abhishek Kanugo","doi":"10.37285/ijpsn.2023.16.4.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2023.16.4.8","url":null,"abstract":"The therapeutic efficacy and safety of active ingredients are limited in several dosage forms, especially for those where the skin is the prime application area. Injectable has the potential of high efficacy and bioavailability but needle phobia, painful delivery, inflammatory response, and non-compliance make them less usable. Microneedle (MN) delivery overcomes almost all the limitations by offering painless self-administration, is highly effective, economical, avoids waste generation, and has high patient compliance. The MN technique is unique and novel for delivering all therapeutic moieties, vaccines, and micro and macromolecular drugs. The MN delivery is based on the mechanism of poke and patch, coat and patch, poke and release, poke and flow. The several types of MN utilized are solid, coated, hollow, dissolving, and hydrogel-forming microneedles. The materials fabricating MNs are mainly non-degradable (metals, PVP, PVA, etc.) and degradable (natural, PLGA, PAMA, etc.). MN delivery finds significant application in diagnosing several diseases by collecting blood samples and biological fluids with minimal pain. Moreover, the tremendous significance of the MN technique is observed in vaccines, hormones, proteins, peptides, psoriasis, ocular diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, malaria, gene delivery, and cosmetics. The delivery of several kinds of injections in cancer therapy is also harrowing. MN delivery worked excellently by delivering immunotherapeutic, immune checkpoint suppressors, photothermal therapy, and photodynamic therapy and thus valuable for targeting cancer with high success and minimal toxicity.","PeriodicalId":14382,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135357682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.37285/ijpsn.2023.16.4.5
None Dr. Gurdeep Singh, None Ritesh Patel, None Mukesh Kr. Singh, None Gaurav Agarwal
Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of the Cnidoscolus phyllacanthus (family Euphorbiaceae) ethanolic leaves extract in the laboratory using in vivo methods to justify its traditional use in the above-mentioned pathological conditions. Methods: Phytochemical screening was done to find the presence of various secondary metabolites of the plant. In vivo, analgesic activity was performed employing the acetic acid-induced writhing test and tail immersion test on Swiss albino mice at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight. An anti-inflammatory activity test was done on Wistar rats at three doses (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight) using a carrageenan-induced paw oedema test. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Dunnett's t-test was used as the significance test. P value was considered as the minimum level of significance. Results: Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of coumarin, flavonoids, monoterpenes, diterpenes and naphthoquinones in the extract. In the acetic acid-induced writhing test, the per cent inhibition of writhing response by the extract was 12.82%, 25.64% and 76.67% at 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg doses, respectively (p < 0.01) and showed an increase in pain threshold in tail immersion method. The extract significantly (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01) inhibited carrageenan-induced inflammatory response in rats in a dose-related manner. Per cent, inhibition in paw oedema was 16.39 %, 29.50 % and 52.45 % at 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg doses, respectively. Conclusion: The results obtained from the tests indicate that the plant might have one or more secondary metabolite(s) having central and peripheral analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity.
{"title":"Phytochemical Screening, Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the Ethanol Extract of the Cnidoscolus Phyllacanthus Leaves","authors":"None Dr. Gurdeep Singh, None Ritesh Patel, None Mukesh Kr. Singh, None Gaurav Agarwal","doi":"10.37285/ijpsn.2023.16.4.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2023.16.4.5","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of the Cnidoscolus phyllacanthus (family Euphorbiaceae) ethanolic leaves extract in the laboratory using in vivo methods to justify its traditional use in the above-mentioned pathological conditions. Methods: Phytochemical screening was done to find the presence of various secondary metabolites of the plant. In vivo, analgesic activity was performed employing the acetic acid-induced writhing test and tail immersion test on Swiss albino mice at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight. An anti-inflammatory activity test was done on Wistar rats at three doses (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight) using a carrageenan-induced paw oedema test. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Dunnett's t-test was used as the significance test. P value was considered as the minimum level of significance. Results: Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of coumarin, flavonoids, monoterpenes, diterpenes and naphthoquinones in the extract. In the acetic acid-induced writhing test, the per cent inhibition of writhing response by the extract was 12.82%, 25.64% and 76.67% at 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg doses, respectively (p < 0.01) and showed an increase in pain threshold in tail immersion method. The extract significantly (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01) inhibited carrageenan-induced inflammatory response in rats in a dose-related manner. Per cent, inhibition in paw oedema was 16.39 %, 29.50 % and 52.45 % at 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg doses, respectively. Conclusion: The results obtained from the tests indicate that the plant might have one or more secondary metabolite(s) having central and peripheral analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity.","PeriodicalId":14382,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135357923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.37285/ijpsn.2023.16.4.3
Vedanshu Malviya
Background
Bitter cumin (Centratherum anthelminticum (L.)) is a significant restorative plant. We examined the phenolic compounds, and antioxidants, hostile to hyperglycemic and anthelmintic properties of bitter cumin extracts in different in vitro models.
Methods:
Bitter cumin seeds were extracted with various solvents in their rising request of extremity, which incorporates chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol, ethanol, and distilled water. The -amylase test and glucose take-up measure by yeast were used for the assessment of the antidiabetic property. Antioxidant agent actions of bitter cumin extricate were described in different in vitro model frameworks, for example, DPPH Scavenging Effect, Ferric-Reducing Antioxidant Power, and Metal-Chelating Capacity. Phenolic content was likewise assessed and, in conclusion, the in vitro anthelmintic review was completed by utilizing Phertima posthuma.
Results:
The antidiabetic property of the different concentrates of bitter cumin uncovered the best action from the fluid concentrate by α-amylase action with a hindrance worth of 39.2830±0.80725%. While the investigation of glucose take-up by yeast cells was the most noteworthy, the restraint worth of the watery concentrate was the most noteworthy at 49.8100±0.62476%. The different concentrates of bitter cumin in an in-vitro study showed important properties of DPPH Ferric-Reducing Antioxidant Power and Metal-Chelating Capacity. The outcomes showed an immediate relationship between phenolic correlation substances and cell reinforcement action. The anthelmintic review uncovered that the fluid concentrate from the wide range of various concentrates was having the most incredible in-vitro action, which uncovered that the time required was 3.52±0.158 min for the loss of motility and 2.74±0.247 min for the death of the earthworms.
Conclusion:
The exploratory proof obtained in the laboratory model could give a reason for the conventional utilization of this seed as an antidiabetic, cell-protective, and anthelmintic. Our discoveries affirm that the customary restorative cases for this seed in the not-so-distant future certainly have the option to supplant the manufactured medications to which there is an increased occurrence of medication, increased incidence of drug interactions, and drug resistance.
{"title":"Investigation of In-Vitro Antidiabetic Study, Antioxidant Activity and Anthelminthic Property of Various Extracts of Bitter Cumin Seeds","authors":"Vedanshu Malviya","doi":"10.37285/ijpsn.2023.16.4.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2023.16.4.3","url":null,"abstract":"Background
 Bitter cumin (Centratherum anthelminticum (L.)) is a significant restorative plant. We examined the phenolic compounds, and antioxidants, hostile to hyperglycemic and anthelmintic properties of bitter cumin extracts in different in vitro models.
 Methods:
 Bitter cumin seeds were extracted with various solvents in their rising request of extremity, which incorporates chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol, ethanol, and distilled water. The -amylase test and glucose take-up measure by yeast were used for the assessment of the antidiabetic property. Antioxidant agent actions of bitter cumin extricate were described in different in vitro model frameworks, for example, DPPH Scavenging Effect, Ferric-Reducing Antioxidant Power, and Metal-Chelating Capacity. Phenolic content was likewise assessed and, in conclusion, the in vitro anthelmintic review was completed by utilizing Phertima posthuma.
 Results:
 The antidiabetic property of the different concentrates of bitter cumin uncovered the best action from the fluid concentrate by α-amylase action with a hindrance worth of 39.2830±0.80725%. While the investigation of glucose take-up by yeast cells was the most noteworthy, the restraint worth of the watery concentrate was the most noteworthy at 49.8100±0.62476%. The different concentrates of bitter cumin in an in-vitro study showed important properties of DPPH Ferric-Reducing Antioxidant Power and Metal-Chelating Capacity. The outcomes showed an immediate relationship between phenolic correlation substances and cell reinforcement action. The anthelmintic review uncovered that the fluid concentrate from the wide range of various concentrates was having the most incredible in-vitro action, which uncovered that the time required was 3.52±0.158 min for the loss of motility and 2.74±0.247 min for the death of the earthworms.
 Conclusion:
 The exploratory proof obtained in the laboratory model could give a reason for the conventional utilization of this seed as an antidiabetic, cell-protective, and anthelmintic. Our discoveries affirm that the customary restorative cases for this seed in the not-so-distant future certainly have the option to supplant the manufactured medications to which there is an increased occurrence of medication, increased incidence of drug interactions, and drug resistance.","PeriodicalId":14382,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135357924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.37285/ijpsn.2023.16.4.2
Rajashree Hirlekar, Srinivas Bhairy, Alfiha Momin
Purpose: The present study was aimed at preparing stable dry adsorbed nanoparticles (DANs) of curcumin (CUR) and piperine (PIP) loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs). Methods: CUR and PIP-loaded NLCs (CP NLCs) were prepared by modified hot-melt emulsification using precirol ATO5 (PRE) as solid lipid, labrafac lipophile WL1349 (LAF) as liquid lipid, and a combination of tween 80 (T80) with gelucire 50/13 (G50/13) as surfactants. The NLCs system was subjected to physical stability, particle size, zeta potential, thermal behaviour, crystallinity study and in-vitro drug release. Further, an evaporative drying technique converted the NLC system into stable DANs by adsorbing onto mannitol (Pearlitol 200SD). The DANs were characterized for redispersion properties, particle size, flow properties and in-vitro drug release. The stability studies were carried out for 30 days. Results: The optimized CP NLCs were of imperfect type and had a mean particle size of 248.5 ± 12.8 nm (size distribution of 0.216 ± 0.021), a zeta potential of -9.03 ± 0.53 mV, an entrapment efficiency (EE) of 99.80 ± 0.21% (CUR), 100.05 ± 0.07% (PIP) with a drug recovery of 99.70 ± 0.21% (CUR) and 100.36 ± 0.12% (PIP). The X-ray diffraction pattern and endothermic peaks confirmed the encapsulation of actives in lipid matrices. The in-vitro drug release showed controlled release for 24 h. The optimized DANs led to maximum redispersion and retained a particle size of 268.4 ± 23.1 nm (distribution 0.235 ± 0.037) with controlled release similar to CP NLCs. The CP NLCs DANs showed reasonable stability for 30 days. Conclusions: The developed CP NLCs DANs showed a controlled release profile, and the adsorption technique can be used to improve the stability of NLC dispersion. The DANs can be offered in patient-friendly dosage forms such as sachets, capsules, and compressed tablets.
{"title":"Formulation Development and Evaluation of Dry Adsorbed Nanoparticles of Curcumin and Piperine Dual Drug Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers","authors":"Rajashree Hirlekar, Srinivas Bhairy, Alfiha Momin","doi":"10.37285/ijpsn.2023.16.4.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2023.16.4.2","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The present study was aimed at preparing stable dry adsorbed nanoparticles (DANs) of curcumin (CUR) and piperine (PIP) loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs). Methods: CUR and PIP-loaded NLCs (CP NLCs) were prepared by modified hot-melt emulsification using precirol ATO5 (PRE) as solid lipid, labrafac lipophile WL1349 (LAF) as liquid lipid, and a combination of tween 80 (T80) with gelucire 50/13 (G50/13) as surfactants. The NLCs system was subjected to physical stability, particle size, zeta potential, thermal behaviour, crystallinity study and in-vitro drug release. Further, an evaporative drying technique converted the NLC system into stable DANs by adsorbing onto mannitol (Pearlitol 200SD). The DANs were characterized for redispersion properties, particle size, flow properties and in-vitro drug release. The stability studies were carried out for 30 days. Results: The optimized CP NLCs were of imperfect type and had a mean particle size of 248.5 ± 12.8 nm (size distribution of 0.216 ± 0.021), a zeta potential of -9.03 ± 0.53 mV, an entrapment efficiency (EE) of 99.80 ± 0.21% (CUR), 100.05 ± 0.07% (PIP) with a drug recovery of 99.70 ± 0.21% (CUR) and 100.36 ± 0.12% (PIP). The X-ray diffraction pattern and endothermic peaks confirmed the encapsulation of actives in lipid matrices. The in-vitro drug release showed controlled release for 24 h. The optimized DANs led to maximum redispersion and retained a particle size of 268.4 ± 23.1 nm (distribution 0.235 ± 0.037) with controlled release similar to CP NLCs. The CP NLCs DANs showed reasonable stability for 30 days. Conclusions: The developed CP NLCs DANs showed a controlled release profile, and the adsorption technique can be used to improve the stability of NLC dispersion. The DANs can be offered in patient-friendly dosage forms such as sachets, capsules, and compressed tablets.","PeriodicalId":14382,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135357684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Vancomycin hydrochloride (VH) is an amphoteric glycopeptide antibiotic used to manage enterocolitis and pseudomembranous colitis. However, VH is prone to proteolytic degradation in the stomach, thus obscuring the drug entry into the colon. Colon-targeted drug delivery can prevent gastric degradation and localise the drug in the colon.
Methodology: The applicability of in situ polyelectrolyte complexation technique using the polymers Chitosan, Karaya gum, and Hupu gum at various concentrations along with enteric coating using Eudragit S100 was studied for the preparation of colon-targeted tablets of VH.
Colon-targeted tablets of VH are developed by incorporating natural polymers like chitosan, karaya gum, and hupu gum at different concentrations such that in-situ polyelectrolyte complex is formed and the formulations were then coated with Eudragit S100(6%, 8%, and 10% weight gain) to release the drug in a controlled manner in the colon.
Results: Prepared formulations were subjected to in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo evaluation studies. Out of all the prepared formulations, the formulation H2C10 prepared with 10:2 PEC and 10% Eudragit S100 coating has shown a sufficient lag time of 2 hours in 0.1N HCl, 3 hours of lag time in pH 6.8 phosphate buffer and has shown a 100.02% drug release at 22 hours in pH 7.4 phosphate buffer.
Conclusion: The research results suggested that a colon-targeted drug delivery system of VH can decrease drug degradation and achieve higher concentrations in the colon to provide more therapeutic benefits.
{"title":"Formulation Development and Characterization of Vancomycin Hydrochloride Colon-Targeted Tablets Using In-Situ Polyelectrolyte Complexation Technique","authors":"Venkateswarlu Kudupudi, Ravi Shankar Kakarparthy, Prakash Nathaniel Kumar Sarella, Venkata Ramana Murthy Kolapalli","doi":"10.37285/ijpsn.2023.16.3.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2023.16.3.7","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Vancomycin hydrochloride (VH) is an amphoteric glycopeptide antibiotic used to manage enterocolitis and pseudomembranous colitis. However, VH is prone to proteolytic degradation in the stomach, thus obscuring the drug entry into the colon. Colon-targeted drug delivery can prevent gastric degradation and localise the drug in the colon. 
 Methodology: The applicability of in situ polyelectrolyte complexation technique using the polymers Chitosan, Karaya gum, and Hupu gum at various concentrations along with enteric coating using Eudragit S100 was studied for the preparation of colon-targeted tablets of VH.
 Colon-targeted tablets of VH are developed by incorporating natural polymers like chitosan, karaya gum, and hupu gum at different concentrations such that in-situ polyelectrolyte complex is formed and the formulations were then coated with Eudragit S100(6%, 8%, and 10% weight gain) to release the drug in a controlled manner in the colon. 
 Results: Prepared formulations were subjected to in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo evaluation studies. Out of all the prepared formulations, the formulation H2C10 prepared with 10:2 PEC and 10% Eudragit S100 coating has shown a sufficient lag time of 2 hours in 0.1N HCl, 3 hours of lag time in pH 6.8 phosphate buffer and has shown a 100.02% drug release at 22 hours in pH 7.4 phosphate buffer. 
 Conclusion: The research results suggested that a colon-targeted drug delivery system of VH can decrease drug degradation and achieve higher concentrations in the colon to provide more therapeutic benefits.","PeriodicalId":14382,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135434664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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