Speed bumps are constructed on the road to control the vehicle speed. While passing through the bumps, the vehicle dynamic behaviour is critical to ride comfort and it is challenging for researcher. The present study is on the performance of four different private vehicles with four different speeds (10kmph, 20kmph, 30kmph and 40kmph) on three speed bumps. A half car model is developed in Matlab/Simulink®. The weighted RMS accelerations of these vehicles are evaluated as per vehicle ride comfort ISO-2631-1-1997. Linear control strategies are implemented to the model to improve the ride comfort.
{"title":"Study of Half Car Model of Different Private Vehicles on Three Bumps Road","authors":"P. Jha","doi":"10.4273/ijvss.15.1.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4273/ijvss.15.1.18","url":null,"abstract":"Speed bumps are constructed on the road to control the vehicle speed. While passing through the bumps, the vehicle dynamic behaviour is critical to ride comfort and it is challenging for researcher. The present study is on the performance of four different private vehicles with four different speeds (10kmph, 20kmph, 30kmph and 40kmph) on three speed bumps. A half car model is developed in Matlab/Simulink®. The weighted RMS accelerations of these vehicles are evaluated as per vehicle ride comfort ISO-2631-1-1997. Linear control strategies are implemented to the model to improve the ride comfort.","PeriodicalId":14391,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vehicle Structures and Systems","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79036648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ajith Raj Rajendran, Misba Mehdi, Ishwaragowda V. Patil, D. G. Samuel, P. Balguri
The demand for space research is increasing day to day. nano satellites play a vital role in space research. The materials used for space missions especially for satellites are challenging and many research have been concentrated in this area. The strength, thermos-gravity, lightweight, surface hardness, gain determination and the cost effectiveness are the few important properties that are expected by aerospace engineers. The faces of nano satellites exposed to the earth are made up of materials that can absorb microwaves of radar. An attempt is executed by adding graphite fillers to epoxy glass fibre composites and its stealth properties are determined through gain determination. The thermal strength of the said composite is also analysed.
{"title":"Thermogravimetric Analysis and Microwave Gain Determination of Graphite Filled Glass Fibre Epoxy for Nanosatellite Applications","authors":"Ajith Raj Rajendran, Misba Mehdi, Ishwaragowda V. Patil, D. G. Samuel, P. Balguri","doi":"10.4273/ijvss.15.1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4273/ijvss.15.1.11","url":null,"abstract":"The demand for space research is increasing day to day. nano satellites play a vital role in space research. The materials used for space missions especially for satellites are challenging and many research have been concentrated in this area. The strength, thermos-gravity, lightweight, surface hardness, gain determination and the cost effectiveness are the few important properties that are expected by aerospace engineers. The faces of nano satellites exposed to the earth are made up of materials that can absorb microwaves of radar. An attempt is executed by adding graphite fillers to epoxy glass fibre composites and its stealth properties are determined through gain determination. The thermal strength of the said composite is also analysed.","PeriodicalId":14391,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vehicle Structures and Systems","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81766719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Singh, A. Duppala, Parmod Kumar, Ravi Arora, S. Bahl
The Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) between P22 (2.25Cr-1Mo) and P91 (9Cr-1Mo) steels are quite common in heavy vehicle structures like; railway locomotives and war (or combat) vehicles. After welding, high hardness values of the Heat-Affected Zones (HAZs) of these dissimilar weld joints are possibly obtained. The uneven hardness in HAZ comes from the austenite transformation to Martensite, because of highly uncontrolled cooling rates. The considerable difference in hardness among various zones leads to prior cracking and is bound to failure during high-temperature operations. Therefore, there is a dire need to establish an appropriate Post Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT) to temper the dissimilar weld joints for required durability. The study investigates the microstructure and mechanical properties of various erupted zones of steel, before and after the application of PWHT. Before and after PWHT, weld zone and HAZ in P22 and P91 are mechanically tested and metallurgically examined. Further PWHT is tried to be optimised strategically and statistically, for the least variation in hardness among different zones. So that any failure due to thermal stresses or strains, during normal running conditions can be avoided.
{"title":"Strategic Optimization of Post Weld Heat Treatment for Dissimilar TIG Weldment of P22 and P91 Steels","authors":"B. Singh, A. Duppala, Parmod Kumar, Ravi Arora, S. Bahl","doi":"10.4273/ijvss.15.1.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4273/ijvss.15.1.26","url":null,"abstract":"The Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) between P22 (2.25Cr-1Mo) and P91 (9Cr-1Mo) steels are quite common in heavy vehicle structures like; railway locomotives and war (or combat) vehicles. After welding, high hardness values of the Heat-Affected Zones (HAZs) of these dissimilar weld joints are possibly obtained. The uneven hardness in HAZ comes from the austenite transformation to Martensite, because of highly uncontrolled cooling rates. The considerable difference in hardness among various zones leads to prior cracking and is bound to failure during high-temperature operations. Therefore, there is a dire need to establish an appropriate Post Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT) to temper the dissimilar weld joints for required durability. The study investigates the microstructure and mechanical properties of various erupted zones of steel, before and after the application of PWHT. Before and after PWHT, weld zone and HAZ in P22 and P91 are mechanically tested and metallurgically examined. Further PWHT is tried to be optimised strategically and statistically, for the least variation in hardness among different zones. So that any failure due to thermal stresses or strains, during normal running conditions can be avoided.","PeriodicalId":14391,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vehicle Structures and Systems","volume":"146 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88635401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Research studies on portraits of the middle-of-the-market aircraft are the most promising research for future aircraft design. This research aims to investigate the superiority of aircraft design technology, which results in reduced gross weight and increased structural integrity. Using a multi-linear regression method, this article offers to estimate the Maximum Take-Off Weight (MTOW) for wide-body transport aircraft. A real-time case study is carried out for the design configurations, propulsive systems, performance characteristics and structural integrity parameters of 26 distinct middle-of-the-market aircraft. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis is carried out in order to validate the MTOW model. The model provides the best fitness with R2 = 0.9676. This R2 result is around 5% higher than the lowest R2 achieved from the literature. In addition, a clear-cut insights and managerial views towards future aircraft design are discussed.
{"title":"Structural Weight Prediction Modelling for a Wide-body Aircraft by Implementing Real-time Case Study","authors":"Aishwarya Dhara, J. Muruga Lal Jeyan","doi":"10.4273/ijvss.15.1.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4273/ijvss.15.1.02","url":null,"abstract":"Research studies on portraits of the middle-of-the-market aircraft are the most promising research for future aircraft design. This research aims to investigate the superiority of aircraft design technology, which results in reduced gross weight and increased structural integrity. Using a multi-linear regression method, this article offers to estimate the Maximum Take-Off Weight (MTOW) for wide-body transport aircraft. A real-time case study is carried out for the design configurations, propulsive systems, performance characteristics and structural integrity parameters of 26 distinct middle-of-the-market aircraft. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis is carried out in order to validate the MTOW model. The model provides the best fitness with R2 = 0.9676. This R2 result is around 5% higher than the lowest R2 achieved from the literature. In addition, a clear-cut insights and managerial views towards future aircraft design are discussed.","PeriodicalId":14391,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vehicle Structures and Systems","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82007535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) is now commonly being used to join condenser pipes of railway locomotives, beside boiler and super heater tubes, generally made from dissimilar steel-alloys like P22 (2.25Cr-1Mo) and P91 (9Cr-1Mo). After welding, excessive hardness values of the Heat Affected Zones (HAZs) of those dissimilar weld joints are certainly obtained due to uneven and uncontrolled cooling rates, which resulted in an eruption of abrupt martensitic transformations. This ultimately leads to cracking and failure while operating at elevated temperatures. Therefore, there is a dire need to establish an appropriately optimized post-weld heat treatment process to eliminate this hazardous nuisance. The present work statistically studies the hardness profile of these critical material zones, before and after GTAW.
{"title":"Behavioural Investigation of Hardness Profile for Dissimilar TIG-Weldment between P22 and P91 Steels","authors":"B. Singh, S. Palli, Parmod Kumar, S. Bahl","doi":"10.4273/ijvss.15.1.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4273/ijvss.15.1.06","url":null,"abstract":"The Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) is now commonly being used to join condenser pipes of railway locomotives, beside boiler and super heater tubes, generally made from dissimilar steel-alloys like P22 (2.25Cr-1Mo) and P91 (9Cr-1Mo). After welding, excessive hardness values of the Heat Affected Zones (HAZs) of those dissimilar weld joints are certainly obtained due to uneven and uncontrolled cooling rates, which resulted in an eruption of abrupt martensitic transformations. This ultimately leads to cracking and failure while operating at elevated temperatures. Therefore, there is a dire need to establish an appropriately optimized post-weld heat treatment process to eliminate this hazardous nuisance. The present work statistically studies the hardness profile of these critical material zones, before and after GTAW.","PeriodicalId":14391,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vehicle Structures and Systems","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76311854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Venkatesan, B. Jothi Thirumal, K. Syed Jafar, V. Dinesh Kumar, R. Silambarasan
The gradual depletion of non-renewable fossil fuels, increase in their price, the toxic exhausts emitted during their combustion, risk associated in their import and its storage made many researchers to focus on deriving suitable alternate fuels. In the present investigation the performance and emission characteristics of the blends and neat methanolized papaya oil were determined on a test engine consisting of single cylinder fuelled by diesel and running at 1500 rpm. The results revealed that the blend B25 of the test biodiesel is found optimum, as it recorded better specific fuel consumption and brake thermal efficiency. Further coating on the piston enhanced the performance of the optimum blend when compared with the standard engine.
{"title":"Esterified Papaya Oil and its Blends as a Fuel on Single Cylinder Diesel Engine with Standard and Coated Piston","authors":"V. Venkatesan, B. Jothi Thirumal, K. Syed Jafar, V. Dinesh Kumar, R. Silambarasan","doi":"10.4273/ijvss.15.1.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4273/ijvss.15.1.25","url":null,"abstract":"The gradual depletion of non-renewable fossil fuels, increase in their price, the toxic exhausts emitted during their combustion, risk associated in their import and its storage made many researchers to focus on deriving suitable alternate fuels. In the present investigation the performance and emission characteristics of the blends and neat methanolized papaya oil were determined on a test engine consisting of single cylinder fuelled by diesel and running at 1500 rpm. The results revealed that the blend B25 of the test biodiesel is found optimum, as it recorded better specific fuel consumption and brake thermal efficiency. Further coating on the piston enhanced the performance of the optimum blend when compared with the standard engine.","PeriodicalId":14391,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vehicle Structures and Systems","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90008521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Nithyanandhan, N. Mohanraj, P. Sureshkumar, S. Sanjeev
In this research an attempt is made to improve and to examine the wear behaviour of AL6061 composite with two different fillers such as graphite by adding the reinforcement particles of palm stalk ashes. AL6061 composite is developed on a metal matrix composite with the weight percentage of graphite (0.7 %) which is kept constant for all specimens and the reinforcement of palm stalk ash is varied as a percentage of weight (0.7%, 1.4%, 2.1%, 2.8% and 3.5%). Reinforced composites were preheated in the electrical furnace at 150°C for about an hour to remove the moisture. The reinforcement was added into molten aluminium into the stir casting furnace. The wear behaviour and corrosion rate of fabricated AL6061 metal composite reinforced with different dissipate materials were studied.
{"title":"Dry Sliding Wear Behaviour of Al6061 - Reinforcement with Graphite and Palm Stalk Ash","authors":"T. Nithyanandhan, N. Mohanraj, P. Sureshkumar, S. Sanjeev","doi":"10.4273/ijvss.15.1.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4273/ijvss.15.1.13","url":null,"abstract":"In this research an attempt is made to improve and to examine the wear behaviour of AL6061 composite with two different fillers such as graphite by adding the reinforcement particles of palm stalk ashes. AL6061 composite is developed on a metal matrix composite with the weight percentage of graphite (0.7 %) which is kept constant for all specimens and the reinforcement of palm stalk ash is varied as a percentage of weight (0.7%, 1.4%, 2.1%, 2.8% and 3.5%). Reinforced composites were preheated in the electrical furnace at 150°C for about an hour to remove the moisture. The reinforcement was added into molten aluminium into the stir casting furnace. The wear behaviour and corrosion rate of fabricated AL6061 metal composite reinforced with different dissipate materials were studied.","PeriodicalId":14391,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vehicle Structures and Systems","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85658034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Composites with an aluminium metal matrix (AMMCs) are especially important in various fields of medicine and engineering, such as aerospace, national defence, automobiles and consumer goods, due to its light weight, excellent properties and low cost. These AMMCs offer a wide range of mechanical properties according to Al-matrix chemistry. The addition of various reinforcing additives such as Al2O3, B4C to the aluminium matrix further improves the mechanical and tribological properties. This investigation is focused on the addition of different weight percentages of Al2O3 while keeping B4C constant with Al 6061 alloy and evaluating the mechanical properties by running tests like wear, hardness and microstructure. By observing the results, a conclusion was reached that the addition of reinforcements had successfully enhanced the composite or not. In other words, it helped to improve the wear resistance of the composite in the application of automotive parts. This has been investigated by fabricating the composites by stir casting.
{"title":"Experimental Investigation on Hardness, Wear and Microstructure of Aluminium Metal Matrix Composite Reinforced with Aluminium Oxide and Boron Carbide","authors":"S. Surya, B. N. Sreeharan, R. K. Nitheeshwar","doi":"10.4273/ijvss.14.7.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4273/ijvss.14.7.02","url":null,"abstract":"Composites with an aluminium metal matrix (AMMCs) are especially important in various fields of medicine and engineering, such as aerospace, national defence, automobiles and consumer goods, due to its light weight, excellent properties and low cost. These AMMCs offer a wide range of mechanical properties according to Al-matrix chemistry. The addition of various reinforcing additives such as Al2O3, B4C to the aluminium matrix further improves the mechanical and tribological properties. This investigation is focused on the addition of different weight percentages of Al2O3 while keeping B4C constant with Al 6061 alloy and evaluating the mechanical properties by running tests like wear, hardness and microstructure. By observing the results, a conclusion was reached that the addition of reinforcements had successfully enhanced the composite or not. In other words, it helped to improve the wear resistance of the composite in the application of automotive parts. This has been investigated by fabricating the composites by stir casting.","PeriodicalId":14391,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vehicle Structures and Systems","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88759094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Vijayanandh, R. Arul Prakash, R. Manivel, P. Kiran, R. Sudharsan, G. Raj Kumar, R. Raffik
The compact Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) implementation in real-time applications is emerging everywhere because of its compact size, high accuracy, etc. But in the case of high payload based applications mini UAVs are unfit to execute the mission due to the increment in the propeller's dimensions to overcome high payload. To overcome such increment in geometry of a mini UAV for high payload issue, the co-axial propeller based propulsive system is the best alternate, which can be able to provide high thrust with compact size and more stability. Therefore, the study about co-axial propeller and its performance has emerged. Similarly, this work also deals with the comparative investigation about the cumulative thrust force effect on co-axial propeller. Aerodynamic force calculation on the co-axial propeller is executed with the help of standard aerodynamic formulae for validation purposes. The conceptual design of the co-axial propeller is modelled in CATIA. Numerical estimation of aerodynamic forces on UAV's co-axial propeller is analysed with the help of ANSYS Fluent. After the drag comparison, the distances between the propellers in the co-axial set-up are modified for optimization. Finally, the different models undergone comparative numerical simulation and thereby optimization took place.
{"title":"Design and Parametric Study of Counter-Rotating Propeller of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for High-Payload Applications based on CFD-MRF Approach","authors":"R. Vijayanandh, R. Arul Prakash, R. Manivel, P. Kiran, R. Sudharsan, G. Raj Kumar, R. Raffik","doi":"10.4273/ijvss.14.7.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4273/ijvss.14.7.03","url":null,"abstract":"The compact Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) implementation in real-time applications is emerging everywhere because of its compact size, high accuracy, etc. But in the case of high payload based applications mini UAVs are unfit to execute the mission due to the increment in the propeller's dimensions to overcome high payload. To overcome such increment in geometry of a mini UAV for high payload issue, the co-axial propeller based propulsive system is the best alternate, which can be able to provide high thrust with compact size and more stability. Therefore, the study about co-axial propeller and its performance has emerged. Similarly, this work also deals with the comparative investigation about the cumulative thrust force effect on co-axial propeller. Aerodynamic force calculation on the co-axial propeller is executed with the help of standard aerodynamic formulae for validation purposes. The conceptual design of the co-axial propeller is modelled in CATIA. Numerical estimation of aerodynamic forces on UAV's co-axial propeller is analysed with the help of ANSYS Fluent. After the drag comparison, the distances between the propellers in the co-axial set-up are modified for optimization. Finally, the different models undergone comparative numerical simulation and thereby optimization took place.","PeriodicalId":14391,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vehicle Structures and Systems","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84764255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Mohankumar, S. Harishbalaj, S. Satish, V.G. Kishore, K. Karthikeyan, C. Naveenkumar
The future of the automobile industry is moving towards the electrification of vehicles due to the increase in pollution and global warming. The thermal management of the battery is necessary to enhance the performance of the battery module at extreme operating conditions. Battery thermal management systems using phase change material can be used to control the temperature extremity and to achieve uniformity in temperature inside battery module. In this work, the conventional battery layout system is modified to induce the passive cooling with the use of PCM (paraffin wax) which has been placed around the periphery of each cell in the battery pack. Different thickness of PCM layer 2mm, 3mm and 4mm have been taken. This reduces the weight and cost compared to the existing PCM based BTMS. This also ensures improvise in the efficiency of the battery. The battery thermal behaviour is studied using ANSYS for various discharge rate condition (4C, 3C, 2C and 1C) with air assisted cooling system having an air flow rate of 4m/s. From the analysis, it is found that maximum temperature of a battery pack at 4C discharge rate without any BTMS is, about 60C. Elevated temperature of the battery pack covered with a PCM, for same discharge rate with same air flow rate for 2mm is 33.5C and for 3mm it is 34.4C and for 4mm it is 34.07C which falls under the optimal temperature. While adding expanded graphite to the PCM it is found that the temperature reduces to 30C for 2mm thickness PCM.
{"title":"Computational Investigation on Phase Change Material based Hybrid Battery Thermal Management System for Electric Vehicle","authors":"S. Mohankumar, S. Harishbalaj, S. Satish, V.G. Kishore, K. Karthikeyan, C. Naveenkumar","doi":"10.4273/ijvss.14.7.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4273/ijvss.14.7.06","url":null,"abstract":"The future of the automobile industry is moving towards the electrification of vehicles due to the increase in pollution and global warming. The thermal management of the battery is necessary to enhance the performance of the battery module at extreme operating conditions. Battery thermal management systems using phase change material can be used to control the temperature extremity and to achieve uniformity in temperature inside battery module. In this work, the conventional battery layout system is modified to induce the passive cooling with the use of PCM (paraffin wax) which has been placed around the periphery of each cell in the battery pack. Different thickness of PCM layer 2mm, 3mm and 4mm have been taken. This reduces the weight and cost compared to the existing PCM based BTMS. This also ensures improvise in the efficiency of the battery. The battery thermal behaviour is studied using ANSYS for various discharge rate condition (4C, 3C, 2C and 1C) with air assisted cooling system having an air flow rate of 4m/s. From the analysis, it is found that maximum temperature of a battery pack at 4C discharge rate without any BTMS is, about 60C. Elevated temperature of the battery pack covered with a PCM, for same discharge rate with same air flow rate for 2mm is 33.5C and for 3mm it is 34.4C and for 4mm it is 34.07C which falls under the optimal temperature. While adding expanded graphite to the PCM it is found that the temperature reduces to 30C for 2mm thickness PCM.","PeriodicalId":14391,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vehicle Structures and Systems","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87115318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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