The dynamic behaviour of a railway vehicle is mainly depending on how the interaction of wheel and rail is taking place in running operation and what is the accuracy and efficiency of the applied contact models. Contact mechanics of railway vehicle is keyed with the history of the wheel-rail contact mechanics. For a designer of braking and traction control systems, it is essential to go through the fundamental knowledge of forces produced due to contact of wheel-rail and geometric constraints as well as moments to assess the wheel-rail wear and to evaluate the ride performance indices. This article gives a brief review to the evolution and present scenario of the previously published contact theories to get rid of the wheel-rail contact problems. The key theories which have most attention to solve normal contact problems are Hertzian contact theory as well as non-Hertzian contact theory, whereas, to tackle the problems related to tangential contact, linear as well as non-linear theories proposed by Kalker, theory proposed by Polach, FASTSIM, CONTACT etc are considered in this paper. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art of past studies based on experiments to study various contact models.
{"title":"A Review of Wheel-Rail Contact Mechanics for Railway Vehicles","authors":"Sono Bhardawaj, Rakesh Chandmal Sharma, Punit Gupta, Ritvik Dobriyal, Ashwini Sharma, Mayank Pant","doi":"10.4273/ijvss.15.3.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4273/ijvss.15.3.15","url":null,"abstract":"The dynamic behaviour of a railway vehicle is mainly depending on how the interaction of wheel and rail is taking place in running operation and what is the accuracy and efficiency of the applied contact models. Contact mechanics of railway vehicle is keyed with the history of the wheel-rail contact mechanics. For a designer of braking and traction control systems, it is essential to go through the fundamental knowledge of forces produced due to contact of wheel-rail and geometric constraints as well as moments to assess the wheel-rail wear and to evaluate the ride performance indices. This article gives a brief review to the evolution and present scenario of the previously published contact theories to get rid of the wheel-rail contact problems. The key theories which have most attention to solve normal contact problems are Hertzian contact theory as well as non-Hertzian contact theory, whereas, to tackle the problems related to tangential contact, linear as well as non-linear theories proposed by Kalker, theory proposed by Polach, FASTSIM, CONTACT etc are considered in this paper. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art of past studies based on experiments to study various contact models.","PeriodicalId":14391,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vehicle Structures and Systems","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135251813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Mohammed Mohaideen, P.H.V. Sesha Talpa Sai, R. Ajith Raj, V.G. Krishna Anand
The Fibre Reinforced Composite (FRC) material consists of building materials in macroscopic level by having fibres and resin as reinforcement and matrix material respectively. It has different physical and chemical properties that were bonded together in order to get new material with different required characteristics from individual components. The properties of the composites are largely depending on the matrix and reinforcement materials. The matrix strengthening process by introduction of fine nano particles in composite laminate was done in this work. In order to study the effect of nano particles, the composite consists of Kevlar- 49 (K49) fibre in woven form with epoxy resin as matrix was considered. All the test specimens have been prepared with 12 layers of K49 to build 3mm thickness using vacuum bag moulding method. The K49 fibre in form of plain-woven type were chosen as reinforcement material. The nano fillers such as Titanium dioxide (TiO2), Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) and Graphite powder (Gr) were used as nanomaterial added in the matrix and was compared with pure K49 reinforced composites for better performance. The TiO2, CaCO3 and GR nano fillers were constituted on various weight ratios in FRC. The structural properties like compression and shear strengths were determined as per ASTM standards. The fracture behaviour for all the categories of laminate has been detailed and reported using scanning electron microscope.
{"title":"Compressive and Shear Strength of Kevlar based Nano Composites","authors":"M. Mohammed Mohaideen, P.H.V. Sesha Talpa Sai, R. Ajith Raj, V.G. Krishna Anand","doi":"10.4273/ijvss.15.3.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4273/ijvss.15.3.06","url":null,"abstract":"The Fibre Reinforced Composite (FRC) material consists of building materials in macroscopic level by having fibres and resin as reinforcement and matrix material respectively. It has different physical and chemical properties that were bonded together in order to get new material with different required characteristics from individual components. The properties of the composites are largely depending on the matrix and reinforcement materials. The matrix strengthening process by introduction of fine nano particles in composite laminate was done in this work. In order to study the effect of nano particles, the composite consists of Kevlar- 49 (K49) fibre in woven form with epoxy resin as matrix was considered. All the test specimens have been prepared with 12 layers of K49 to build 3mm thickness using vacuum bag moulding method. The K49 fibre in form of plain-woven type were chosen as reinforcement material. The nano fillers such as Titanium dioxide (TiO2), Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) and Graphite powder (Gr) were used as nanomaterial added in the matrix and was compared with pure K49 reinforced composites for better performance. The TiO2, CaCO3 and GR nano fillers were constituted on various weight ratios in FRC. The structural properties like compression and shear strengths were determined as per ASTM standards. The fracture behaviour for all the categories of laminate has been detailed and reported using scanning electron microscope.","PeriodicalId":14391,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vehicle Structures and Systems","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135251820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Yogesh, D. Chandramohan, N. Rajeswari, Sarangapani Palani
The global community has focused on the sustainability of petroleum-based fuel supply due to increased usage in various sectors, depletion of petroleum resources, and volatile crude oil market prices. We are looking for alternative fuel. As a result, we have chosen biodiesel. In this paper, a diesel blend containing biodiesel, ethanol, and butanol was created to test the characteristics of a common rail direct injection (CRDI) diesel engine equipped with an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system. The blends of diesel-biodiesel and diesel-biodiesel-ethanol-butanol were designated as B40 and B40-E10-BUT10 respectively. The experiment is carried out at a rate of 20% EGR. The experimental results show that the mechanical efficiency is higher in biodiesel blends than in diesel. The use of an EGR system with these blends reduces NOx by lowering the oxygen concentration in the combustion chamber.
{"title":"Effect of Exhaust Gas Recirculation on a CRDI Engine fuelled with Biodiesel, Ethanol and Butanol","authors":"P. Yogesh, D. Chandramohan, N. Rajeswari, Sarangapani Palani","doi":"10.4273/ijvss.15.3.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4273/ijvss.15.3.18","url":null,"abstract":"The global community has focused on the sustainability of petroleum-based fuel supply due to increased usage in various sectors, depletion of petroleum resources, and volatile crude oil market prices. We are looking for alternative fuel. As a result, we have chosen biodiesel. In this paper, a diesel blend containing biodiesel, ethanol, and butanol was created to test the characteristics of a common rail direct injection (CRDI) diesel engine equipped with an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system. The blends of diesel-biodiesel and diesel-biodiesel-ethanol-butanol were designated as B40 and B40-E10-BUT10 respectively. The experiment is carried out at a rate of 20% EGR. The experimental results show that the mechanical efficiency is higher in biodiesel blends than in diesel. The use of an EGR system with these blends reduces NOx by lowering the oxygen concentration in the combustion chamber.","PeriodicalId":14391,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vehicle Structures and Systems","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135251991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yohanes Abebe, P. Sivaprakasam, Melaku Desta, J. Udayaprakash, M.P. Saravanan
Punches and dies are cutting tools used to make holes on metallic surfaces using the punch which passes through the work into a die. Todays tool/die machinists and buyers need to know more than simply the qualities of the raw metal that forms the tooling blank because of the rapid evolution of PVD coating technology. When it comes to tooling design, raw material, heat treatment, coating qualities, material being machined, cycle time requirements and permitted machine downtime, they must comprehend the full system. Surface modifications for punch/dies are typically required to improve their mechanical and corrosion, properties. Therefore PVD coatings of punch/die material using TiN, TiCN, CrN, TiAlN and nanocomposite coatings has improved the tribological properties, reduce total cost of tools and down time. This paper focuses on comprehensive review on PVD processes on punch/die materials, properties of die materials such as wear, hardness and surface finishes etc. In addition to that coating materials, its properties and characterization techniques were addressed.
{"title":"Tribological Behavior of Physical Vapor Deposition Coating for Punch and Dies: An Overview","authors":"Yohanes Abebe, P. Sivaprakasam, Melaku Desta, J. Udayaprakash, M.P. Saravanan","doi":"10.4273/ijvss.15.3.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4273/ijvss.15.3.08","url":null,"abstract":"Punches and dies are cutting tools used to make holes on metallic surfaces using the punch which passes through the work into a die. Todays tool/die machinists and buyers need to know more than simply the qualities of the raw metal that forms the tooling blank because of the rapid evolution of PVD coating technology. When it comes to tooling design, raw material, heat treatment, coating qualities, material being machined, cycle time requirements and permitted machine downtime, they must comprehend the full system. Surface modifications for punch/dies are typically required to improve their mechanical and corrosion, properties. Therefore PVD coatings of punch/die material using TiN, TiCN, CrN, TiAlN and nanocomposite coatings has improved the tribological properties, reduce total cost of tools and down time. This paper focuses on comprehensive review on PVD processes on punch/die materials, properties of die materials such as wear, hardness and surface finishes etc. In addition to that coating materials, its properties and characterization techniques were addressed.","PeriodicalId":14391,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vehicle Structures and Systems","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135251810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ramadoss Panchamoorthy, Ramaiyan Velappan, S. Sivaprakasam, M.L. Sundararajan
Automobiles use compression-ignition (CI) engines because they have more pulling power, are more dependable and use less fuel than spark-ignition (SI) engines. Both CI and SI engines use petroleum-based oils, contributing to environmental pollution like acid rain, ozone depletion and climate change. The cost of petroleum-based fuel is increasing daily due to demographic growth and the development of manufacturing industries. There are four phases to the experiments. The first stage involves mixing diesel with 20% of ALME, the outcomes showed that engine operation and combustion are comparable to conventional diesel fuel. In the second stage, an LHR engine tests 20% of ALME and the results showed that BTE of LHR engine had significantly increased. In comparison, NOx increases in LHR-operated CI engine, CO, HC and smoke emissions are significantly lower than with a conventional engine. The third stage looks at how NA interacts with biodiesel to affect conventional engine’s combustion, emission and engine performance. The prepared algae biodiesel is blended with NA in various ratios of 500ppm, 1000ppm, 1500ppm and 2000ppm. At 1000ppm concentration, NOx emission from conventional and LHR engines has been effectively minimized under load conditions. Concerning diesel fuel, emissions like CO, HC and smoke are significantly reduced for all loads. In the fourth stage, tests on the LHR engine are carried out using the SBME with NA in various proportions. When compared to base fuel, it has been found that NOx emission has decreased significantly at 1000ppm compared to conventional engines and other emissions have decreased.
{"title":"Assessment of Performance and Emission Characteristics using Algae Biodiesel in an Additive Fuelled LHR Engine","authors":"Ramadoss Panchamoorthy, Ramaiyan Velappan, S. Sivaprakasam, M.L. Sundararajan","doi":"10.4273/ijvss.15.3.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4273/ijvss.15.3.01","url":null,"abstract":"Automobiles use compression-ignition (CI) engines because they have more pulling power, are more dependable and use less fuel than spark-ignition (SI) engines. Both CI and SI engines use petroleum-based oils, contributing to environmental pollution like acid rain, ozone depletion and climate change. The cost of petroleum-based fuel is increasing daily due to demographic growth and the development of manufacturing industries. There are four phases to the experiments. The first stage involves mixing diesel with 20% of ALME, the outcomes showed that engine operation and combustion are comparable to conventional diesel fuel. In the second stage, an LHR engine tests 20% of ALME and the results showed that BTE of LHR engine had significantly increased. In comparison, NOx increases in LHR-operated CI engine, CO, HC and smoke emissions are significantly lower than with a conventional engine. The third stage looks at how NA interacts with biodiesel to affect conventional engine’s combustion, emission and engine performance. The prepared algae biodiesel is blended with NA in various ratios of 500ppm, 1000ppm, 1500ppm and 2000ppm. At 1000ppm concentration, NOx emission from conventional and LHR engines has been effectively minimized under load conditions. Concerning diesel fuel, emissions like CO, HC and smoke are significantly reduced for all loads. In the fourth stage, tests on the LHR engine are carried out using the SBME with NA in various proportions. When compared to base fuel, it has been found that NOx emission has decreased significantly at 1000ppm compared to conventional engines and other emissions have decreased.","PeriodicalId":14391,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vehicle Structures and Systems","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135251819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kanu Priya Jhanji, R. Asokan, R. Amit Kumar, C. Ramesh
Self-healing is fascinating research due to its distinctiveness in automatically mending the damages. A great deal of work has been done using the self-healing concept in polymers. However, there is limited research on fibre reinforced polymer composites. Adding microcapsules during fabrication of the composites is one of the methods which is capable of carrying out the healing of damage autonomously. This research work takes into account the preparation of fibre reinforced composites with incorporation of two types of microcapsules i.e., healing agent carriers and curing agent carriers in the course of fabrication to mend the damages generated. The work experiments the impact of inclusion of microcapsules on the tensile properties of host composite laminate. Results of tensile tests indicate that a significant amount of tensile strength of the specimens was restored by healing and curing agents present in microcapsules. The healing efficiency was observed as 61.3%. It has also been noted that, the presence of these capsules does not significantly alter the original performance of the laminate as the effect of capsule inclusion on properties of the laminate is negligible.
{"title":"Self-Healing Performance of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Composite Containing Microcapsules under Tensile Load","authors":"Kanu Priya Jhanji, R. Asokan, R. Amit Kumar, C. Ramesh","doi":"10.4273/ijvss.15.3.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4273/ijvss.15.3.02","url":null,"abstract":"Self-healing is fascinating research due to its distinctiveness in automatically mending the damages. A great deal of work has been done using the self-healing concept in polymers. However, there is limited research on fibre reinforced polymer composites. Adding microcapsules during fabrication of the composites is one of the methods which is capable of carrying out the healing of damage autonomously. This research work takes into account the preparation of fibre reinforced composites with incorporation of two types of microcapsules i.e., healing agent carriers and curing agent carriers in the course of fabrication to mend the damages generated. The work experiments the impact of inclusion of microcapsules on the tensile properties of host composite laminate. Results of tensile tests indicate that a significant amount of tensile strength of the specimens was restored by healing and curing agents present in microcapsules. The healing efficiency was observed as 61.3%. It has also been noted that, the presence of these capsules does not significantly alter the original performance of the laminate as the effect of capsule inclusion on properties of the laminate is negligible.","PeriodicalId":14391,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vehicle Structures and Systems","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135251996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The primary goal of this experimental investigation is to study the effects of various geometrical factors on heat transfer. The tests were performed by changing the heat flux from 0.025 to 0. 2K W/cm^2 and a jet Reynolds number from 2500 to 4500 with a jet exit to target object distance of 10 and 20mm.The test plate is a copper material of size 2mm by 2mm with a negligible thickness, a copper material is taken for its good thermal properties. In all the tested cases it is noticed that as the heat flux surges the plate temperature rise which in turn increase the heat transfer co-efficient. The value of h increases slowly with rise in Reynolds number in all the cases tested. The heat transfer results obtained from this research work is related by means of the simple relationship Nuavg =0.7 q^0.8 Re^0.25.
{"title":"Convective Heat Transfer Study with an Array of Air Jets","authors":"Niranjan Murthy","doi":"10.4273/ijvss.15.3.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4273/ijvss.15.3.04","url":null,"abstract":"The primary goal of this experimental investigation is to study the effects of various geometrical factors on heat transfer. The tests were performed by changing the heat flux from 0.025 to 0. 2K W/cm^2 and a jet Reynolds number from 2500 to 4500 with a jet exit to target object distance of 10 and 20mm.The test plate is a copper material of size 2mm by 2mm with a negligible thickness, a copper material is taken for its good thermal properties. In all the tested cases it is noticed that as the heat flux surges the plate temperature rise which in turn increase the heat transfer co-efficient. The value of h increases slowly with rise in Reynolds number in all the cases tested. The heat transfer results obtained from this research work is related by means of the simple relationship Nuavg =0.7 q^0.8 Re^0.25.","PeriodicalId":14391,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vehicle Structures and Systems","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135252002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, the impact of dwell angle and two-stage fueling technique on engine efficiency and tailpipe emissions in a 3.5 kW powered four-stroke diesel engine fueled with waste cooking oil (WCO) biodiesel blends were investigated. An experiment with single-cylinder high-pressure CRDi equipped diesel engine was executed at two different dwell angles (5° CA and 10° CA) with varying pilot fueling quantities of 10% and 20% at nozzle fueling pressure of 600 bar. The outcomes revealed that the combined effect of dwell angle and two-stage fueling techniques had enhanced the BTE by 8.13% for B20P20 pilot fueling timing (PFT) of 28° bTDC, whereas BSFC lowers for B20P20 blend at pilot fueling timing of 33° bTDC. Comparing B20P20 PFT at 28° bTDC to PFT at 33° bTDC, CO, HC and smoke emissions drop by 72.72%, 37.04%, and 93.75%, respectively. The nitrogen oxide reduction is unaffected by two-stage fueling strategy among all the test sample fuels and significantly higher for the biodiesel blends than mineral diesel.
{"title":"Effect of Dwell Angle and Two-Stage Fueling Approach on the Engine Parameters of CRDi Engine using WCO Biodiesel Blends","authors":"L.J. Fernandes, C.R. Rajashekhar","doi":"10.4273/ijvss.15.3.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4273/ijvss.15.3.03","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the impact of dwell angle and two-stage fueling technique on engine efficiency and tailpipe emissions in a 3.5 kW powered four-stroke diesel engine fueled with waste cooking oil (WCO) biodiesel blends were investigated. An experiment with single-cylinder high-pressure CRDi equipped diesel engine was executed at two different dwell angles (5° CA and 10° CA) with varying pilot fueling quantities of 10% and 20% at nozzle fueling pressure of 600 bar. The outcomes revealed that the combined effect of dwell angle and two-stage fueling techniques had enhanced the BTE by 8.13% for B20P20 pilot fueling timing (PFT) of 28° bTDC, whereas BSFC lowers for B20P20 blend at pilot fueling timing of 33° bTDC. Comparing B20P20 PFT at 28° bTDC to PFT at 33° bTDC, CO, HC and smoke emissions drop by 72.72%, 37.04%, and 93.75%, respectively. The nitrogen oxide reduction is unaffected by two-stage fueling strategy among all the test sample fuels and significantly higher for the biodiesel blends than mineral diesel.","PeriodicalId":14391,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vehicle Structures and Systems","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135251818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Robust stability analysis (RSA) is of significant concern for the robust behaviour of real-world control system applications. A stabilization strategy that assures stability and exhibits robust performance for a specified limit of system perturbations is necessary. This article presents an optimal robust stabilization method for a closed loop fractional order proportional integral derivative (FOPI^λD^µ) system involving DC motor with interval parametric uncertainty. To determine the optimum value of parameters for a FOPI^λD^µ controller to control the speed of a DC motor, Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO), Genetic Algorithm (GA), Nelder-Mead (NM), Jaya and Whale Optimizer Algorithm (WOA) are applied with the same objective function involving ITAE criterion. FOPI^λD^µ offers two additional tuning parameters unlike a nominal PID controller and hence the former gives more flexibility in controller design than the latter in terms of transient response. The FOPID controller provides a faster closed-loop output augmented with improved robust properties of the system. Despite inherent non-linearities and time variation in system parameters, FOPI^λD^µ controllers depict enhanced performance. Using the concept of conformal mapping, robust stability analysis of fractional order polynomials is done with uncertain interval structure using Vertex and Edge theorem. Based on the value set, this paper demonstrates numerical and graphical optimal robust stability analysis of a system with variations observed in five parameters, considering the minimum argument root of the polynomial of the aforementioned closed-loop system.
{"title":"GWO based Robust Stabilization of DC Motor Fractional Order Speed Control System with Interval Coefficients","authors":"Manjusha Silas, Surekha Bhusnur","doi":"10.4273/ijvss.15.3.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4273/ijvss.15.3.14","url":null,"abstract":"Robust stability analysis (RSA) is of significant concern for the robust behaviour of real-world control system applications. A stabilization strategy that assures stability and exhibits robust performance for a specified limit of system perturbations is necessary. This article presents an optimal robust stabilization method for a closed loop fractional order proportional integral derivative (FOPI^λD^µ) system involving DC motor with interval parametric uncertainty. To determine the optimum value of parameters for a FOPI^λD^µ controller to control the speed of a DC motor, Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO), Genetic Algorithm (GA), Nelder-Mead (NM), Jaya and Whale Optimizer Algorithm (WOA) are applied with the same objective function involving ITAE criterion. FOPI^λD^µ offers two additional tuning parameters unlike a nominal PID controller and hence the former gives more flexibility in controller design than the latter in terms of transient response. The FOPID controller provides a faster closed-loop output augmented with improved robust properties of the system. Despite inherent non-linearities and time variation in system parameters, FOPI^λD^µ controllers depict enhanced performance. Using the concept of conformal mapping, robust stability analysis of fractional order polynomials is done with uncertain interval structure using Vertex and Edge theorem. Based on the value set, this paper demonstrates numerical and graphical optimal robust stability analysis of a system with variations observed in five parameters, considering the minimum argument root of the polynomial of the aforementioned closed-loop system.","PeriodicalId":14391,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vehicle Structures and Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135251990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Narhar K. Patil, Dhiresh S. Shastri, Jyoti M. Avhad, Vijay W. Bhatkar
Refrigeration and air conditioning plays a vital role in domestic and industrial heating, cooling, refrigerating and ventilation but they are contributing to ozone layer depletion and global warming due to unfriendly refrigerants and consume 33% of the world energy. The condenser is an important component of the vapor compression system which contained 30% of the refrigerant charge. The versatile one ton of refrigeration system is designed, developed for testing minichannel condenser for different condenser temperature and pressure by providing artificial condenser compartment with three air heaters of 2.2 kW capacity each with a multispeed condenser fan for controlling air velocity. Thus, the condensation temperature is reduced by 2 to 3°C due to its special geometry, passes provided, efficient cooling and the coefficient of performance increased by 10 to 15% for condensation temperature varying from 40 to 55°C whereas evaporation temperature varies from -10 to +15°C. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation for different sections of the minichannel condenser such as a single minichannel, single tube with 10 minichannels, first, second, third, fourth passes with varying tubes and entire condenser with all four passes for different inlet and exit temperature are performed using ANSYS FLUENT-20 CFD turbulence models and validated with the experimental results. The pressure and temperature counters for all the sections are studied and plotted. It is found that the temperature difference between experimental and CFD results are within ±15% for all the simulations along the condenser.
{"title":"Temperature and Pressure Drop Analysis of Automobile Minichannel Condenser using CFD","authors":"Narhar K. Patil, Dhiresh S. Shastri, Jyoti M. Avhad, Vijay W. Bhatkar","doi":"10.4273/ijvss.15.3.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4273/ijvss.15.3.25","url":null,"abstract":"Refrigeration and air conditioning plays a vital role in domestic and industrial heating, cooling, refrigerating and ventilation but they are contributing to ozone layer depletion and global warming due to unfriendly refrigerants and consume 33% of the world energy. The condenser is an important component of the vapor compression system which contained 30% of the refrigerant charge. The versatile one ton of refrigeration system is designed, developed for testing minichannel condenser for different condenser temperature and pressure by providing artificial condenser compartment with three air heaters of 2.2 kW capacity each with a multispeed condenser fan for controlling air velocity. Thus, the condensation temperature is reduced by 2 to 3°C due to its special geometry, passes provided, efficient cooling and the coefficient of performance increased by 10 to 15% for condensation temperature varying from 40 to 55°C whereas evaporation temperature varies from -10 to +15°C. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation for different sections of the minichannel condenser such as a single minichannel, single tube with 10 minichannels, first, second, third, fourth passes with varying tubes and entire condenser with all four passes for different inlet and exit temperature are performed using ANSYS FLUENT-20 CFD turbulence models and validated with the experimental results. The pressure and temperature counters for all the sections are studied and plotted. It is found that the temperature difference between experimental and CFD results are within ±15% for all the simulations along the condenser.","PeriodicalId":14391,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vehicle Structures and Systems","volume":"298 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135252001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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