In this study, the effect of post-annealing temperature in CdS thin films grown on ZnO seed layer was investigated. CdS thin film and ZnO seed layer were coated by chemical bath deposition method and solution dropping technique, respectively. The structure of the post-annealed samples at 350°C and 400°C consisted of cubic CdS and CdSO4 oxide phases. As a result of recrystallization at 450°C, both hexagonal CdS and cubic CdO phases were formed. While the absorption edge was observed at around 500 nm in all samples, the best transmittance was observed in the sample annealed at 400°C. PL spectra proved the existence of defect types such as deep emission, sulfur vacancy for all samples. Ellipsometric measurements showed that the highest refractive index was in the sample annealed at 400°C. Among the samples, it was concluded that the most suitable window structure for CdTe solar cell applications is CdS thin film post-annealed at 400°C.
{"title":"THE INFLUENCE OF POST-ANNEALING CdS THIN FILMS GROWN ON ZnO SEED LAYER FOR CdTe SOLAR CELLS","authors":"A. Çiriş","doi":"10.55696/ejset.1194810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55696/ejset.1194810","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the effect of post-annealing temperature in CdS thin films grown on ZnO seed layer was investigated. CdS thin film and ZnO seed layer were coated by chemical bath deposition method and solution dropping technique, respectively. The structure of the post-annealed samples at 350°C and 400°C consisted of cubic CdS and CdSO4 oxide phases. As a result of recrystallization at 450°C, both hexagonal CdS and cubic CdO phases were formed. While the absorption edge was observed at around 500 nm in all samples, the best transmittance was observed in the sample annealed at 400°C. PL spectra proved the existence of defect types such as deep emission, sulfur vacancy for all samples. Ellipsometric measurements showed that the highest refractive index was in the sample annealed at 400°C. Among the samples, it was concluded that the most suitable window structure for CdTe solar cell applications is CdS thin film post-annealed at 400°C.","PeriodicalId":143980,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Science Engineering and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131002255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saba Munir, Ausnain Naveed, Raja Tahir Iqbal, Mohtasim Usman
Pakistan is facing serious energy deficiency issues. Moreover, emission of polluted gases must be minimized to reduce the air pollution. The emission of harmful gases can be lessened by the implementation of renewable energy resources. Such issues can be curtailed through proper planning on national and gross root level. In this study, load estimation and cost analysis for the installation of hybrid optimization model of renewable energy resources in electrical engineering department of University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir has been presented. In order to analyze load and estimate the cost, different scenarios are generated on Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewables (HOMER) Pro software. On the basis of these scenarios, the system having less cost of energy and emission of polluted gases is proposed as the optimal system to power the department.
{"title":"A CASE STUDY ON COST ANALYSIS AND LOAD ESTIMATION OF HYBRID RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEM USING HOMER PRO","authors":"Saba Munir, Ausnain Naveed, Raja Tahir Iqbal, Mohtasim Usman","doi":"10.55696/ejset.1110275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55696/ejset.1110275","url":null,"abstract":"Pakistan is facing serious energy deficiency issues. Moreover, emission of polluted gases must be minimized to reduce the air pollution. The emission of harmful gases can be lessened by the implementation of renewable energy resources. Such issues can be curtailed through proper planning on national and gross root level. In this study, load estimation and cost analysis for the installation of hybrid optimization model of renewable energy resources in electrical engineering department of University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir has been presented. In order to analyze load and estimate the cost, different scenarios are generated on Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewables (HOMER) Pro software. On the basis of these scenarios, the system having less cost of energy and emission of polluted gases is proposed as the optimal system to power the department.","PeriodicalId":143980,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Science Engineering and Technology","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122089979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In heavy commercial vehicles, the part that enables the wheels to turn left and right by transferring the movement from the steering box to the wheel via the pitman is called the steering drag link. In order to obtain the desired form in the production of bended drag links, the pipe material is subjected to bending process from certain points by various methods. During this bending process, plastic deformation occurs in the material. In this study, the effect of plastic deformation in tie rod bending on the life of the drag link was investigated. The amount of plastic deformation in the bending region was determined by performing tie rod bending simulation in a Finite Element Analysis (FEA) software. The fatigue behavior of the pre-strained material was determined and compared with the fatigue behavior of the undeformed material. Fatigue analyzes were carried out in the finite element environment by modeling the drag link as Functionally Graded Material (FGM). In addition, the drag link physical fatigue tests were also carried out and the numerical and experimental results were compared.
{"title":"INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF BENDING PROCESS ON FATIGUE LIFE AND MECHANICAL STRENGTH OF HEAVY COMMERCIAL VEHICLE DRAG LINKS","authors":"İbrahim Kılınç, S. Toros","doi":"10.55696/ejset.1195927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55696/ejset.1195927","url":null,"abstract":"In heavy commercial vehicles, the part that enables the wheels to turn left and right by transferring the movement from the steering box to the wheel via the pitman is called the steering drag link. In order to obtain the desired form in the production of bended drag links, the pipe material is subjected to bending process from certain points by various methods. During this bending process, plastic deformation occurs in the material. In this study, the effect of plastic deformation in tie rod bending on the life of the drag link was investigated. The amount of plastic deformation in the bending region was determined by performing tie rod bending simulation in a Finite Element Analysis (FEA) software. The fatigue behavior of the pre-strained material was determined and compared with the fatigue behavior of the undeformed material. Fatigue analyzes were carried out in the finite element environment by modeling the drag link as Functionally Graded Material (FGM). In addition, the drag link physical fatigue tests were also carried out and the numerical and experimental results were compared.","PeriodicalId":143980,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Science Engineering and Technology","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132591728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maskless photolithography, a useful tool used in patterning the photoresist which acts as a mask prior to the actual etching process of substrate, has attracted attention mainly due to the taking advantage of reducing cost because of not requiring a preprepared mask and freedom in creating the desired pattern on any kind of substrate. In this study, we performed the positive photoresist patterning with microstructures on both glass and silicon substrates via maskless photolithography. Specifically, we examined the discrepancies between the transparent (glass) and reflective (silicon) substrates even though the photolithographic process has been carried out under the same conditions. Since the positive photoresist patterning was the subject of this study, we could successfully produce the microholes with almost circular shapes and properly placed in squarely packed on both substrates as confirmed by optical microscopy and profilometer mapping measurements. We observed additional rings around the holes when silicon was used as substrate while very clear microholes were obtained for glass. Besides, the number of the rings increased when the writing speed of laser (velocity) reduced. We claim that these important findings can be attributed to the standing wave effect phenomenon which results from the multiple reflections through the semi-transparent photoresist coated on the reflective surface of the polished silicon. In brief, we reveal an important conclusion, in this study, based on the differences in formation of the microholes only due to the substate preference while all the photolithographic process parameters are kept the same.
{"title":"A comparative Study on The Photoresist Patterning of Glass and Silicon with Microholes via Maskless Photolithography","authors":"Furkan Güçlüer, F. Keleş","doi":"10.55696/ejset.1150239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55696/ejset.1150239","url":null,"abstract":"Maskless photolithography, a useful tool used in patterning the photoresist which acts as a mask prior to the actual etching process of substrate, has attracted attention mainly due to the taking advantage of reducing cost because of not requiring a preprepared mask and freedom in creating the desired pattern on any kind of substrate. In this study, we performed the positive photoresist patterning with microstructures on both glass and silicon substrates via maskless photolithography. Specifically, we examined the discrepancies between the transparent (glass) and reflective (silicon) substrates even though the photolithographic process has been carried out under the same conditions. Since the positive photoresist patterning was the subject of this study, we could successfully produce the microholes with almost circular shapes and properly placed in squarely packed on both substrates as confirmed by optical microscopy and profilometer mapping measurements. We observed additional rings around the holes when silicon was used as substrate while very clear microholes were obtained for glass. Besides, the number of the rings increased when the writing speed of laser (velocity) reduced. We claim that these important findings can be attributed to the standing wave effect phenomenon which results from the multiple reflections through the semi-transparent photoresist coated on the reflective surface of the polished silicon. In brief, we reveal an important conclusion, in this study, based on the differences in formation of the microholes only due to the substate preference while all the photolithographic process parameters are kept the same.","PeriodicalId":143980,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Science Engineering and Technology","volume":"67 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113969984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The microstructure of Dual Phases steel is known to be mostly composed of the ferrite phase, which offers ductility, and the martensite phase, which provides strength. However, the shapes, orientations and directions of the grains of these two phases are different and vary depending on the degree of observation. Therefore, the objective of this research was to compare the stress and strain distribution at different strain rates of standard specimens of DP steels, namely DP600 and DP800 steels. Besides, in this study, the finite element modeling method is used through optimization to determine the GTN fracture failure, constitutive and nucleation parameters of the mentioned steels based on their rolling directions and strain rates. The experimental and numerical simulation results are also compared, and are in good agreement.
{"title":"DEFINING GTN PARAMETERS OF DP STEELS OF DIFFERENT ROLLING DIRECTIONS AND AT DIFFERENT STRAIN RATES","authors":"Labinot Topilla","doi":"10.55696/ejset.1113577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55696/ejset.1113577","url":null,"abstract":"The microstructure of Dual Phases steel is known to be mostly composed of the ferrite phase, which offers ductility, and the martensite phase, which provides strength. However, the shapes, orientations and directions of the grains of these two phases are different and vary depending on the degree of observation. Therefore, the objective of this research was to compare the stress and strain distribution at different strain rates of standard specimens of DP steels, namely DP600 and DP800 steels. Besides, in this study, the finite element modeling method is used through optimization to determine the GTN fracture failure, constitutive and nucleation parameters of the mentioned steels based on their rolling directions and strain rates. The experimental and numerical simulation results are also compared, and are in good agreement.","PeriodicalId":143980,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Science Engineering and Technology","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129721510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Albarodi, P. Uslu Kiçeci, S. Uzun Duran, B. Demirköz
Neutron shielding is of utmost importance in radiation environments such as nuclear reactors and particle accelerators and in fields such as health physics. In this work, the percentages of neutrons stopped by shields comprising of boron minerals (HDPE/B2O3, Epoxy/Priceite, Epoxy/Colemanite, Epoxy/Kernite) in their composition against neutron radiation of different energies is investigated using two separate MC simulations. Different layer combinations of epoxy based borated shielding materials with HDPE sheets were then simulated to find the optimum shielding configuration. In addition, radioactivation studies were carried out for these designs. The most suitable design was found to be the layered setup of the HDPE sheet and the epoxy/colemanite composite sheet for mixed neutron energies (
{"title":"MONTE-CARLO (MC) ANALYSIS OF BORATED MATERIALS FOR NEUTRON SHIELDING APPLICATIONS","authors":"A. Albarodi, P. Uslu Kiçeci, S. Uzun Duran, B. Demirköz","doi":"10.55696/ejset.1102371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55696/ejset.1102371","url":null,"abstract":"Neutron shielding is of utmost importance in radiation environments such as nuclear reactors and particle accelerators and in fields such as health physics. In this work, the percentages of neutrons stopped by shields comprising of boron minerals (HDPE/B2O3, Epoxy/Priceite, Epoxy/Colemanite, Epoxy/Kernite) in their composition against neutron radiation of different energies is investigated using two separate MC simulations. Different layer combinations of epoxy based borated shielding materials with HDPE sheets were then simulated to find the optimum shielding configuration. In addition, radioactivation studies were carried out for these designs. The most suitable design was found to be the layered setup of the HDPE sheet and the epoxy/colemanite composite sheet for mixed neutron energies (","PeriodicalId":143980,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Science Engineering and Technology","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133307972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study reveals the differences created by varying calcination temperature and citric acid/ethylene glycol ratio (CA:EG) in thermoluminescence (TL) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) curves so that the Neighborite (NaMgF3) compound synthesized using sol-gel can be used as a radiation dosimeter. While producing NaMgF3 phosphors, four different calcination temperatures (700, 800, 900 and 1000 °C) were applied for the calcination process. Characterization analyzes of the samples were performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was observed that the oxide phases in the crystal structure of the sample increased gradually with increasing calcination temperature. At 1000 °C, it was observed that the crystal structure of the sample was deformed and moved away from the aimed structure. Considering the signal intensities in the TL and OSL glow curves obtained after radiation exposure and the data in the characterization analyzes, the calcination temperature of 800 °C was determined as the optimum temperature. This calcination temperature was kept constant and the samples were reproduced by changing the CA:EG ratio in four different ways (2:4, 4:4, 8:4 and 16:4). By comparing all the sample, the samples with the best crystallization and the most suitable surface morphology were determined. In TL glow curves, it was observed that deep traps could be formed only in samples calcined at 800 °C. Likewise, it was observed from the OSL glow curves that the samples calcined at 800 °C had higher sensitivity. It has been stated that the low sensitivity of the samples calcined at high temperatures is due to the density of the oxide phases formed in the calcination process.
{"title":"EFFECT OF CALCINATION TEMPERATURE AND CA:EG RATIO ON TL AND OSL CURVE COMPONENTS OF NEIGHBORITE","authors":"V. Güçkan","doi":"10.55696/ejset.1101711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55696/ejset.1101711","url":null,"abstract":"This study reveals the differences created by varying calcination temperature and citric acid/ethylene glycol ratio (CA:EG) in thermoluminescence (TL) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) curves so that the Neighborite (NaMgF3) compound synthesized using sol-gel can be used as a radiation dosimeter. While producing NaMgF3 phosphors, four different calcination temperatures (700, 800, 900 and 1000 °C) were applied for the calcination process. Characterization analyzes of the samples were performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was observed that the oxide phases in the crystal structure of the sample increased gradually with increasing calcination temperature. At 1000 °C, it was observed that the crystal structure of the sample was deformed and moved away from the aimed structure. Considering the signal intensities in the TL and OSL glow curves obtained after radiation exposure and the data in the characterization analyzes, the calcination temperature of 800 °C was determined as the optimum temperature. This calcination temperature was kept constant and the samples were reproduced by changing the CA:EG ratio in four different ways (2:4, 4:4, 8:4 and 16:4). By comparing all the sample, the samples with the best crystallization and the most suitable surface morphology were determined. In TL glow curves, it was observed that deep traps could be formed only in samples calcined at 800 °C. Likewise, it was observed from the OSL glow curves that the samples calcined at 800 °C had higher sensitivity. It has been stated that the low sensitivity of the samples calcined at high temperatures is due to the density of the oxide phases formed in the calcination process.","PeriodicalId":143980,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Science Engineering and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133832870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The impact of selenization temperature and pre-annealing treatment on the microstructural characteristics of CZTSe thin films were studied. CZTSe thin films were obtained by two-stage process. This processes includes deposition of metallic layers and Se cap layer employing physical vapor deposition systems followed by selenization process performed at elevated temperatures using RTP system with a heating rate of 8°C/s. The compositional properties of CZTSe thin films changed after the heat treatment, but performing pre-annealing treatment before high reaction temperature (550°C) partially prevented element loss in CZTSe compound. Both Raman and XRD measurements confirmed the formation of the kesterite CZTSe phase. However, according to Raman results, CZTSe phase started to decompose into secondary phases such as CTS regardless of temperature. According to the top view images of the samples, the grain structure completely changed with employing heat treatment. Zn-rich phase detected in reacted sample at 550 °C, which indicates decomposition of CZTSe that is confirmed in Raman spectra.
{"title":"IMPACT OF SELENIZATION TEMPERATURE AND PRE-ANNEALING TREATMENT ON THE MICROSTRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF Cu2ZnSnSe4 THIN FILMS GROWN BY RAPID THERMAL PROCESS","authors":"Y. Atasoy, M. A. Olgar","doi":"10.55696/ejset.1100103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55696/ejset.1100103","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of selenization temperature and pre-annealing treatment on the microstructural characteristics of CZTSe thin films were studied. CZTSe thin films were obtained by two-stage process. This processes includes deposition of metallic layers and Se cap layer employing physical vapor deposition systems followed by selenization process performed at elevated temperatures using RTP system with a heating rate of 8°C/s. The compositional properties of CZTSe thin films changed after the heat treatment, but performing pre-annealing treatment before high reaction temperature (550°C) partially prevented element loss in CZTSe compound. Both Raman and XRD measurements confirmed the formation of the kesterite CZTSe phase. However, according to Raman results, CZTSe phase started to decompose into secondary phases such as CTS regardless of temperature. According to the top view images of the samples, the grain structure completely changed with employing heat treatment. Zn-rich phase detected in reacted sample at 550 °C, which indicates decomposition of CZTSe that is confirmed in Raman spectra.","PeriodicalId":143980,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Science Engineering and Technology","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115346762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Forward & Inverse Kinematics Solution of 6-DOF Robots Those Have Offset & Spherical Wrists","authors":"S. Di̇kmenli̇","doi":"10.55696/ejset.1082648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55696/ejset.1082648","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":143980,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Science Engineering and Technology","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132240077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CZTS thin film was fabricated by sulfurization process of deposited thin films on Mo coated glass substrates. Cu, Zn, and Sn thin film layers were deposited sequentially to form Glass/Mo/CuSn/Zn/Cu. The CuSn layer in the stacked structure was formed by annealing process in the sputtering chamber after sequential deposition of Cu and Sn, respectively. The sulfurization process was performed by rapid thermal processing method (RTP) so as to obtain kesterite CZTS structure. The obtained CZTS thin film was analyzed using several characterization methods such as EDX, XRD, Raman spectroscopy, SEM and PL measurements. The EDX measurements showed that elemental loss was not observed after the annealing process in sulfur atmosphere. The fabricated CZTS thin film showed Cu stoichiometric and Zn rich composition. The XRD pattern of annealed sample revealed formation of kesterite CZTS structure. The Raman spectra of the sample proved formation of kesterite CZTS structure. In addition, some CTS phases were detected in the structure by Raman spectroscopy. Polycrystalline surface microstructure was seen in SEM surface measurement. The room temperature PL measurement exhibited a transition around at 1.39 eV that is very close to band gap of kesterite CZTS structure. Overall, with this study, it has been shown that the CZTS thin film structure can be easily produced using the RTP method with very high heating rate.
{"title":"PREPARATION OF CZTS THIN FILM EMPLOYING RAPID THERMAL PROCESSING METHOD","authors":"M. A. Olgar, Y. Atasoy","doi":"10.55696/ejset.1098850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55696/ejset.1098850","url":null,"abstract":"CZTS thin film was fabricated by sulfurization process of deposited thin films on Mo coated glass substrates. Cu, Zn, and Sn thin film layers were deposited sequentially to form Glass/Mo/CuSn/Zn/Cu. The CuSn layer in the stacked structure was formed by annealing process in the sputtering chamber after sequential deposition of Cu and Sn, respectively. The sulfurization process was performed by rapid thermal processing method (RTP) so as to obtain kesterite CZTS structure. The obtained CZTS thin film was analyzed using several characterization methods such as EDX, XRD, Raman spectroscopy, SEM and PL measurements. The EDX measurements showed that elemental loss was not observed after the annealing process in sulfur atmosphere. The fabricated CZTS thin film showed Cu stoichiometric and Zn rich composition. The XRD pattern of annealed sample revealed formation of kesterite CZTS structure. The Raman spectra of the sample proved formation of kesterite CZTS structure. In addition, some CTS phases were detected in the structure by Raman spectroscopy. Polycrystalline surface microstructure was seen in SEM surface measurement. The room temperature PL measurement exhibited a transition around at 1.39 eV that is very close to band gap of kesterite CZTS structure. Overall, with this study, it has been shown that the CZTS thin film structure can be easily produced using the RTP method with very high heating rate.","PeriodicalId":143980,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Science Engineering and Technology","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131037420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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