International Journal of Trichology最新文献

Congenital atrichia a rare form of alopecia in children, presents with complete absence or sparse hair over the scalp and body, while the teeth, nails, and sweat glands are normal. Uncommonly, this hair abnormality can be associated with any systemic or cutaneous abnormalities. We report three cases of congenital atrichia with parental nonconsanguinity and central nervous associations such as developmental delay,spastic quadriparesis, failure to thrive, myoclonic seizures, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The presence of papular lesions in two among the three children further supplemented our case report. Genetic analysis and counseling regarding the constancy of the condition will be the foremost important part of management.

Background: Lichen planopilaris (LPP) is an inflammatory disease that results in destruction of the hair follicle and replaces it with patchy permanent scarring alopecia; after stabilizing by treatment, reactivation is common and may be insidious. During remission, various methods are available for realizing that the disease is activated or not, but neither of them is practical for patients.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the paper sign test for reactivated LPP by physician and patient.

Patients and methods: In a prospective study, during 2 years, 83 treated LPP patients have been divided into two groups of 41 and 42. Group 1 instructed for paper sign test which is to comb their hair over a white paper sheet to catch any fallen hairs, then turn the paper upside down, if all collected hair on paper completely separated, test is considered negative, if even one hair hangs onto the paper, the test is considered positive. Group 2 trained for clinical symptoms (hair shedding, scaling, itching, pain, tenderness, and burning).

Results: From the first group, 13 patients had positive paper sign, and from the second group, 35 patients had clinical symptoms; after clinical examination and biopsy, 13 from Group 1 and 17 from Group 2 were confirmed to have reactivated disease. Patients in the first group who had been trained for paper sign test became aware of relapse sooner and came earlier for the evaluation of disease.

Conclusion: Paper sign test is a reliable, noninvasive, and practical test for early detection of reactivated LPP by patients during remission period.

Background: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a multifactorial disorder expressed by several genes and various environmental factors apart from nutritional and endocrinological factors. Although association of iron deficiency (ID) as well as thyroid disorder has been evaluated in females, this is still an untouched topic as far as male pattern hair loss (MPHL) is concerned. This study tries to establish if any association of MPHL with ID and thyroid dysfunction.

Materials and methods: This case-control study comprised 30 consecutive cases of MPHL and equal numbers of age-matched healthy controls attending dermatology outdoor department at a tertiary care hospital. Cases as well as controls were evaluated and screened for the levels of serum ferritin (SF) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Value of SF (8-388 ng/mL) and TSH (0.358-3.7 uIU/mL) was used as standardized reference.

Results: In cases of AGA, SF level varied from 6.00 to 212.09 ng/mL (mean - 88.30 ng/mL). Whereas controls showed SF levels ranging between 23.67 and 185.05 ng/mL (mean 78.69 ng/mL). The range of TSH level in the case group was 0.379-5.078 uIU/L (mean 2.25 uIU/L), respectively, whereas control group showed serum TSH levels ranging between 0.30 and 4.30 uIU/L (mean - 1.78 uIU/L). Statistically considering two samples of equal variance P (2-tailed) for SF level was found to be 0.424, whereas 0.085 in case of TSH level depicting insignificant association. Spearman's correlations (P = 0.244) between alopecia grade and SF level were found to be statistically insignificant (P = 0.193). Similarly, the P value calculated for the alopecia grade and serum TSH was 0.784, making the correlation between alopecia and serum TSH as insignificant.

Conclusion: The study found no statistically significant difference in the SF level and TSH level of the cases as compared to controls.

Background: The increasing prevalence of female pattern hair loss (FPHL) is an alarming concern. Trichoscopy is an important bedside diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of FPHL, but there are very few studies correlating it with disease severity or histopathological findings which would provide a better insight to the treating clinician. Hence, we decided to take up this study.

Aim: This study aimed to study the trichoscopic findings of FPHL and correlate their relationship with disease severity and histopathological finding in our tertiary care hospital.

Materials and methods: Ninety females attending the dermatology outpatient department who were clinically diagnosed with FPHL were included in the study after informed consent and clearance from the institutional ethics committee. This was followed by a detailed history, clinical examination, and trichoscopic assessment. A trichoscopy-guided biopsy was performed from two sites. After the data collection, the statistical software used was IBM SPSS version 21.0 and Microsoft Office Excel 2007. P < 0.05 was accepted as indicative of statistical significance.

Results: Anisotrichosis, increased interfollicular distance, and decreased hairs per follicular unit were universal. Brown peripilar sign had a positive association with inflammation (P < 0.0005) and white peripilar sign with duration of disease and fibrosis whereas dartboard sign had a significant association with inflammation as well as fibrosis.

Conclusion: Trichoscopy helps in diagnosing the condition, assessing the severity, and monitoring the response to treatment. A knowledge about the features underlying specific trichoscopic signs such as inflammation and fibrosis would help the clinician decide the line of management.

Objectives: Androgenic alopecia (AGA) is common among men. Currently, topical minoxidil and oral finasteride are approved by the FDA for the treatment of AGA. Unfortunately, neither of them is completely effective and systemic adverse events have been reported after finasteride administration. Triple Hair Inc. has developed a new topical treatment regimen using a combination of finasteride, latanoprost and minoxidil - TH07. Each of the compounds was effective and safe as a topical treatment in animal models and clinical studies of AGA. The aim of this proof-of-concept study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the TH07 in comparison to the 3 drugs as monotherapy on hair growth in men with AGA.

Methods: Patients with light to moderate AGA were randomized to be treated topically, once daily, for 6 months with TH07, 0.1% finasteride, 0.03% latanoprost, or 5% minoxidil. Data of investigators' assessment based on pictures, as well as patients' self-assessment and satisfaction, were collected.

Results: A moderate hair re-growth in the majority of the participant treated with TH07 in comparison to the retreatment with its active components administered as monotherapy was reported by the investigators. Most of the patients treated with TH07 were satisfied with their hair appearance in comparison to the other treatments. No systemic adverse events were reported and the TH07 was well tolerated.

Conclusions: The data of the current study demonstrated that the topical administration of TH07 resulted in an improved efficacy in the treatment of the AGA compared to treatment with each of the ingredients administered separately.

Graham-Little-Piccardi-Lassueur syndrome (GLPLS) is a type of lichen planopilaris. It mainly affects females aged 40-60 years. It is characterized by the triad of patchy cicatricial alopecia of the scalp, noncicatricial alopecia of the axilla and groin and a follicular spinous papule on the body, scalp, or both. The diagnosis is based on clinicopathological correlation. Different modalities of treatment are available with unsatisfactory responses, so early diagnosis is necessary to prevent progression and scarring alopecia. A case of GLPLS with classical features on clinical, dermoscopic, and histopathological examination is presented in a 73-year-old female.

Alopecia universalis (AU) is a rare form of hair loss characterized by the complete absence of hair on the scalp and body. It is an advanced form of alopecia areata. There is currently no definitive treatment for this condition, and management options are limited. This case report describes the successful treatment of a 37-year-old female patient with AU using oral tofacitinib 5 mg BID, an oral Janus kinase inhibitor. The patient experienced clinically significant hair regrowth on the scalp and eyebrows after 6 months of treatment with tofacitinib, along with the concurrent use of oral mini-pulse betamethasone, topical minoxidil 5%, and clobetasol lotion. This case highlights the potential efficacy of tofacitinib as a promising therapeutic option for AU, without notable safety concerns. Moreover, it is also well tolerated in this patient.

Background: Telogen effluvium (TE) is the most common hair loss. Vitamin D is related to hair and skin diseases due to its immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects.

Objective: To investigate Vitamin D serum level role in TE pathogenesis.

Patients and methods: Forty females with TE were collected and twenty age- and sex-matched healthy individuals as controls. Serum 25(OH) Vitamin D level was estimated prior and 3 months after oral Vitamin D.

Results: The mean serum 25(OH) Vitamin D levels were significantly lower in TE patients than controls (13.31 ± 5.8 ng/ml vs. 33.61 ± 8.16 ng/ml) respectively, P < 0.001. The mean serum 25(OH) Vitamin D levels before treatment in acute TE was 12.31 ± 6.88 ng/ml, compared to 10.6 ± 3.9 ng/ml in chronic TE without a significant difference, (P = 0.544). The mean serum 25(OH) Vitamin D levels in TE group after 3 months oral Vitamin D therapy were 38.4 ± 15.22 ng/ml with significant increase compared to pretreatment level, (P < 0.001). However, without a significant difference between acute TE (45.4 ± 9.22 ng/ml) and chronic TE (42.1 ± 10.6 ng/ml), (P = 0.711).

Conclusion: Oral Vitamin D has a promising effect in TE treatment, but the results need to be verified on a larger scale with evidence-based recommendation regarding the exact dose and treatment duration.