International Journal of Trichology最新文献

Pressure-induced alopecia is an unusual cause of nonscarring alopecia that can become permanent scarring alopecia. It occurs due to ischemia resulting from prolonged head immobilization after surgery or hospitalization, especially in intensive care units. Trichoscopy as noninvasive technique may provide relevant clues for an accurate diagnosis. "Comedone-like black dots" is a unique trichoscopic feature which can help in rapid identification of the condition and especially in the differentiation from alopecia areata. This article describes the clinical and trichoscopic features of three cases of postoperative alopecia.

Progressive symmetric erythrokeratoderma (PSEK) is a rare genodermatosis with variable inheritance. It is characterized by symmetrical, erythematous, and hyperkeratotic plaques on the extremities. We report a case of a 16-year-old girl with PSEK of autosomal dominant inheritance associated with lesional hypertrichosis.

Objective: Oral minoxidil (OM) is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of hypertension. It has also been off-label used increasingly for hair disorders like androgenetic alopecia (AGA). Hypertrichosis is known as the most commonly found adverse effect of oral minoxidil (LDOM) at low dose of 0.25-5 mg. This study aims to describe the characteristics of hypertrichosis induced by 5 mg daily oral low-dose minoxidil for 24 weeks in male AGA treatment.

Materials and methods: This prospective study included 30 male AGA patients who received treatment with 5 mg daily oral low-dose minoxidil. The modified Ferriman-Gallwey scoring system was used for the assessment of hypertrichosis by physicians in the forearm area at baseline, 12 and 24 weeks. The Dermatology Life Quality Index was applied to assess the impact of hypertrichosis on quality of life. Patients were divided into two age groups: under 41 and 41 or older.

Results: Hypertrichosis was prevalent in 93% of patients, especially the younger group with a higher incidence and variation of severity. Most patients indicated a general tolerance with minimal impact on their quality of life. Notably, hypertrichosis seldom led to drug discontinuation despite a widespread occurrence.

Conclusion: The 24-week treatment of low-dose 5 mg daily OM induces a high prevalence of hypertrichosis in male AGA patients. Further study is recommended for long-term implications and safety profiles of low-dose oral minoxidil.

Background: Androgenic alopecia (AGA) is a pathological condition characterized by the progressive decrease of scalp hair follicle density. Completely bald areas of AGA scalp exhibit a drastically decreased number of progenitor cells. However, it is unknown when the progenitor cells begin to diminish in number during the progression of AGA. Despite the prevalence of AGA in 58% of the Indian male population, no study to date has characterized the hair follicle stem and progenitor cell populations in AGA patients in this ethnic group.

Aims and objective: In this study, we tested the presence of progenitor cells marked by CD34 and Sox9 in the partially and fully bald scalp of Indian AGA patients. Material and Methods: We utilized punch biopsies from the scalp of Indian AGA patients and quantified the status of hair follicle progenitor cells via histological and immunofluorescence analysis.

Results: We observed that the partially bald area retains progenitor cells expressing CD34 and Sox9, but they are not present in the hair follicles in the completely bald area.

Conclusion: Therapeutic interventions based on maintaining and activating hair follicle progenitor cells would be most effective at the partially bald stage of AGA.

Context: Low-dose oral minoxidil (LDOM) can safely and effectively treat numerous hair disorders. Reported doses range from 0.25 mg to 5 mg daily titrated against clinical effectiveness and adverse events. Some clinicians advocate routine monitoring of patients treated with LDOM. However, there is limited evidence on whether minoxidil in such small doses adversely impacts patients with normal hemodynamic and biochemical baseline profiles.

Aims: The aim of the study is to evaluate the need for regular monitoring of patients treated with LDOM.

Subjects and methods: This is a retrospective analysis of patients treated with LDOM in a tertiary hair clinic between April 2017 and June 2020. The clinical and laboratory parameters were assessed every 6 months. On commencing LDOM, baseline blood pressure, heart rate, and weight were recorded, and renal and liver function tests were performed.

Statistical analysis: The data were analyzed using graphical exploration.

Results: The heart rate, weight, renal function, and liver function appeared stable throughout the treatment course. The weight and estimated glomerular filtration rate showed a trend to increase over time, but these findings were not statistically significant for any of the outcomes.

Conclusions: The data support the position that routine monitoring is not required during treatment in asymptomatic patients with normal baseline values. Regular monitoring of blood pressure, heart rate, weight as well as liver and kidney function is not required during treatment with LDOM in patients with normal hemodynamic and biochemical baseline profiles. Patients with preexisting renal impairment can be prescribed oral minoxidil; however, we advocate ongoing monitoring in this subgroup, especially those with moderate-to-advanced disease. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that provides longitudinal monitoring data for LDOM with a follow-up period beyond 6 months and up to 36 months on treatment.

Mudichood dermatosis, also known as Hair Heat Disease, is a dermatological condition commonly observed in southern India, particularly in Kerala. It is presumed to be due to a nonspecific follicular reaction to the wet and oily hair in a hot and humid environment and friction between the hair and skin. Two case reports of women from Pune, Maharashtra, an exotic region for this disease who presented with itchy, raised lesions on their upper backs are discussed. Patients had a history of applying hair oil and tying their hair in a way that caused friction on the affected area. The condition was diagnosed based on history, clinical examination, and dermoscopy findings, and patients were treated with topical corticosteroids, tretinoin gel, and oral antihistaminic.

Introduction: Trichoscopy is underutilized in assessing the clinical severity of scalp psoriasis. It might be useful as an important diagnostic and prognostic tool, as it is less time-consuming and more objective than the Psoriasis Scalp Severity Index (PSSI).

Objectives: The primary aim of the study was to assess the dermoscopic findings in scalp psoriasis. There was also a secondary aim to relate the dermoscopic findings with clinical severity of the disease, calculated by PSSI.

Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study included 80 patients with scalp psoriasis as cases and 80 age- and sex-matched patients' bystanders with normal scalp as controls. The scalp was evaluated using a DermLite DL3 Dermoscope with a × 20 magnification and optimal trichoscopic images stored in a computer. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, and Fisher's exact test were used for statistical analysis.

Results: Among the cases, red dots and red globules were the most predominant finding, seen in 90% of the patients. There was a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) in these findings between the cases and controls. Among the 80 controls, pigment pattern and white dots were the predominant findings, seen in 77.5% and 75% of patients, respectively. In patients where dermoscopy demonstrated twisted red loops, the mean PSSI score was 19.8. This difference was found to be statistically significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: Based on the above findings, it can be concluded that dermoscopy is a handy, reliable, and noninvasive tool in the diagnosis of scalp psoriasis.

Background: Telogen effluvium (TE) is a prevalent cause of diffuse, nonscarring hair loss, characterized by the premature entry of hair follicles into the telogen phase. Previous research from our group demonstrated the efficacy of a nutritional supplement containing hydrolyzed collagen, Group B vitamins, and zinc (Pilopeptan^® Intensive) in improving the anagen/telogen ratio after a 1-month treatment. This study aimed to further assess and validate the sustained effects of this supplement in a larger cohort.

Materials and methods: A 1-month intervention with Pilopeptan^® Intensive was administered to 343 TE patients, with assessments at baseline (T0), posttreatment (T1), and after a 30-day washout period (T2). Parameters evaluated included self-assessed hair thickness, hair amount, hair shedding, hair strength, hair brightness, hair softness, pull test results, subject-perceived improvement, treatment satisfaction, adherence, and side effects.

Results: Out of 343 patients, 340 completed the second visit, and 330 completed all three visits. The participants, predominantly women (92.1%), had a mean age of 43.2 years. Significant improvements in all hair parameters were observed at T1 and T2 (P < 0.001). The pull test indicated reduced hair shedding, with sustained effects during the washout period (P < 0.001). Participants reported overall improvement and satisfaction with treatment. Mild side effects were reported by ten patients, with high adherence observed.

Conclusions: Pilopeptan^® Intensive showed promising effects in improving hair parameters for TE patients, with sustained benefits posttreatment. The study supports the potential role of nutritional supplements as nonpharmacological adjuvants for TE treatment. Further research, including randomized controlled trials, is warranted to validate long-term efficacy and safety.