Pub Date : 2023-02-14DOI: 10.30880/ijscet.2023.14.01.006
Angelina Eva Lianasari, Naufal Muhammad Syafig
Cement is the primary material of concrete. In the calcination process during cement manufacturing, 0.869 tons of CO2 gas are produced for every 1 ton of clinker. That process affects global climate change. This condition causes a new technology called geopolymer concrete. Geopolymer concrete substitutes cement with material that reacts in an alkali activator. PT Krakatau Steel in West Java, manufacturing iron steel with a blast furnace, produces large quantities of waste (slag) of 80 tons/hour. The blast furnace slag contains SiO2and Al2O3is called GGBFS (Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag). GGBFS can react with an alkali activator, which can be a substitute cement. This research was carried out using GGBFS as a base for geopolymer concrete. This research wants to know the effect of the alkali activator ratio on the mechanical properties of geopolymer concrete based on GGBFS. The concrete specimen was made with ratios alkali activator of 5:2, 4:2, and 3:2. The alkaline liquids used in this research are sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) with a concentration of 8M. The curing process in this experiment is about 24-hour dry curing at a temperature of 60oC. The mechanical properties of concrete showed that 5:2 obtained the highest compressive strength, 57.65 MPa (at 7 days) and 58.48 MPa (at 28 days), and modulus elasticity was 31815.92 MPa, split tensile strength was 2.74 MPa, and modulus of rupture was 3.87 MPa.
{"title":"The Effect of Alkali Activator Ratio on Mechanical Properties Geopolymer Concrete Based on Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag","authors":"Angelina Eva Lianasari, Naufal Muhammad Syafig","doi":"10.30880/ijscet.2023.14.01.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijscet.2023.14.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"Cement is the primary material of concrete. In the calcination process during cement manufacturing, 0.869 tons of CO2 gas are produced for every 1 ton of clinker. That process affects global climate change. This condition causes a new technology called geopolymer concrete. Geopolymer concrete substitutes cement with material that reacts in an alkali activator. PT Krakatau Steel in West Java, manufacturing iron steel with a blast furnace, produces large quantities of waste (slag) of 80 tons/hour. The blast furnace slag contains SiO2and Al2O3is called GGBFS (Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag). GGBFS can react with an alkali activator, which can be a substitute cement. This research was carried out using GGBFS as a base for geopolymer concrete. This research wants to know the effect of the alkali activator ratio on the mechanical properties of geopolymer concrete based on GGBFS. The concrete specimen was made with ratios alkali activator of 5:2, 4:2, and 3:2. The alkaline liquids used in this research are sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) with a concentration of 8M. The curing process in this experiment is about 24-hour dry curing at a temperature of 60oC. The mechanical properties of concrete showed that 5:2 obtained the highest compressive strength, 57.65 MPa (at 7 days) and 58.48 MPa (at 28 days), and modulus elasticity was 31815.92 MPa, split tensile strength was 2.74 MPa, and modulus of rupture was 3.87 MPa.","PeriodicalId":14418,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Construction Engineering and Technology","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83849294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-14DOI: 10.30880/ijscet.2023.14.01.002
M. Sameer, Adnan Muttashar Hamid
This examination by utilizing GIS and Remote Sensing procedures to planning highlights of Al-Kutcity, Iraq from 2004 to 2014, in order to classify developments that has occurred between these periods. The using of satellite image (Quick bird satellite) with depending on remote detecting and GIS to identify Land Use/Land Cover change which is definedas the amount of the distinct information and current change data that can incite continuously touchable bits of information into basic strategies, including land spread and land use changes. The process of defining the Changes related to LULC properties called change detection and it’s referenced to Geo-registered high resolution. It is useful in many applications such as identification of land use changes, the amount of deforestation, urban extension, and other cumulative changes through spatial and historical analysis techniques. The dependable method briefly by data acquisition (satellite image with resolution 0.60 m) and geo-referenced with GCPs to produce a thematic map of feature classified and making the statistical analyzing.ARC map software help us to make this easy by depending on entering two types of data, first one is satellite image and second one is ground control points. This study shows a development in built-up land and expansion from 2004 to 2014, however in the city, land decreasing, which is due to the development and growth in it. Finally, the result shows the decreasing in waterbodies and waste land area with noticed increasing of using land. These progressions are mainly happening with uncontrolled urban growth.
{"title":"Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques in Monitoring Land Use Land Cover Change","authors":"M. Sameer, Adnan Muttashar Hamid","doi":"10.30880/ijscet.2023.14.01.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijscet.2023.14.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"This examination by utilizing GIS and Remote Sensing procedures to planning highlights of Al-Kutcity, Iraq from 2004 to 2014, in order to classify developments that has occurred between these periods. The using of satellite image (Quick bird satellite) with depending on remote detecting and GIS to identify Land Use/Land Cover change which is definedas the amount of the distinct information and current change data that can incite continuously touchable bits of information into basic strategies, including land spread and land use changes. The process of defining the Changes related to LULC properties called change detection and it’s referenced to Geo-registered high resolution. It is useful in many applications such as identification of land use changes, the amount of deforestation, urban extension, and other cumulative changes through spatial and historical analysis techniques. The dependable method briefly by data acquisition (satellite image with resolution 0.60 m) and geo-referenced with GCPs to produce a thematic map of feature classified and making the statistical analyzing.ARC map software help us to make this easy by depending on entering two types of data, first one is satellite image and second one is ground control points. This study shows a development in built-up land and expansion from 2004 to 2014, however in the city, land decreasing, which is due to the development and growth in it. Finally, the result shows the decreasing in waterbodies and waste land area with noticed increasing of using land. These progressions are mainly happening with uncontrolled urban growth.","PeriodicalId":14418,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Construction Engineering and Technology","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73765432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-14DOI: 10.30880/ijscet.2023.14.01.029
K. Manoharan, P. Dissanayake, C. Pathirana, D. Deegahawature, Renuka Silva
Labour efficiency is crucial for a construction firm’s long-term viability. According to recent studies, modernising organisational and administrative procedures is essential to improving labour efficiency in many developing countries, including Sri Lanka. The perspectives of construction engineers play a key role in strengthening organisational policies and management practices in the construction industry. As a result, based on the viewpoint of construction engineers, this study aims to identify the critical organisational elements that highly influence labour efficiency in Sri Lankan road construction projects. The elements/factors were qualitatively discovered after a thorough literature review. Then, a questionnaire survey was conducted among construction engineers employed by 31 Sri Lankan road construction contractors. The Relative Importance Index (RII) method was used to quantify each element’s level of influence on labour efficiency. Based on RII values, 33 organisational elements were determined as critical, where lack of communication and cooperation between the parties, delay in salary payment and lack of labour training facilities were determined as the top three ranking elements in the list. The validity and reliability of the results were confirmed by additional statistical tests. Using problem-based communication strategies, industry consultations were conducted among construction experts to determine the necessary future measures from relevant authorities based on the identified critical elements. These consultation outcomes suggest that the organisational policies of construction enterprises currently in place addressing financial procedures, communication strategies, resource management, performance management and training development practices must be improved in light of the new normal conditions facing the industry. The study findings might help to close the gap between management/organisational policies and workforce practices. Despite the fact that the study findings are limited to the Sri Lankan road construction industry, some of them could be used to address comparable issues in other developing nations.
{"title":"Organisational Elements Controlling the Labour Efficiency in Sri Lankan Road Construction Projects: Engineers’ Perspective","authors":"K. Manoharan, P. Dissanayake, C. Pathirana, D. Deegahawature, Renuka Silva","doi":"10.30880/ijscet.2023.14.01.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijscet.2023.14.01.029","url":null,"abstract":"Labour efficiency is crucial for a construction firm’s long-term viability. According to recent studies, modernising organisational and administrative procedures is essential to improving labour efficiency in many developing countries, including Sri Lanka. The perspectives of construction engineers play a key role in strengthening organisational policies and management practices in the construction industry. As a result, based on the viewpoint of construction engineers, this study aims to identify the critical organisational elements that highly influence labour efficiency in Sri Lankan road construction projects. The elements/factors were qualitatively discovered after a thorough literature review. Then, a questionnaire survey was conducted among construction engineers employed by 31 Sri Lankan road construction contractors. The Relative Importance Index (RII) method was used to quantify each element’s level of influence on labour efficiency. Based on RII values, 33 organisational elements were determined as critical, where lack of communication and cooperation between the parties, delay in salary payment and lack of labour training facilities were determined as the top three ranking elements in the list. The validity and reliability of the results were confirmed by additional statistical tests. Using problem-based communication strategies, industry consultations were conducted among construction experts to determine the necessary future measures from relevant authorities based on the identified critical elements. These consultation outcomes suggest that the organisational policies of construction enterprises currently in place addressing financial procedures, communication strategies, resource management, performance management and training development practices must be improved in light of the new normal conditions facing the industry. The study findings might help to close the gap between management/organisational policies and workforce practices. Despite the fact that the study findings are limited to the Sri Lankan road construction industry, some of them could be used to address comparable issues in other developing nations.","PeriodicalId":14418,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Construction Engineering and Technology","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81773231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-14DOI: 10.30880/ijscet.2023.14.01.009
J. Geetha, R. Padmapriya
Construction faults and poor maintenance of concrete buildings become crucial as a result of heavy loading. Fibre reinforced polymer increases load bearing capacity, improves ductility, and decreases degradation damages. The researchers are looking for new and novel ways to strengthen beams since traditional techniques of reinforcement have limits that must be addressed. Due to its better qualities, the technology of wrapping a Reinforced Concrete (RC) beam with composite material has become popular and widely employed in structural applications. FRP has a lower labour cost and is a simple technique to reinforce buildings for a more effective solution. The experimental and analytical work was done for both conventional and CFRP strengthening with various intervals, such as CFRP wrapped with a 100mm interval, CFRP wrapped with a 200mm interval, and CFRP wrapped without an interval, with improved results in deformationand stress analysis. All of the experimental data were compared to the calculated analytical values. When CFRP is used on a beam, it enhances its strength, load bearing capability, and ductility.
{"title":"Numerical Studies on Flexural Behaviour of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer-Wrapped Reinforced Concrete Beam","authors":"J. Geetha, R. Padmapriya","doi":"10.30880/ijscet.2023.14.01.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijscet.2023.14.01.009","url":null,"abstract":"Construction faults and poor maintenance of concrete buildings become crucial as a result of heavy loading. Fibre reinforced polymer increases load bearing capacity, improves ductility, and decreases degradation damages. The researchers are looking for new and novel ways to strengthen beams since traditional techniques of reinforcement have limits that must be addressed. Due to its better qualities, the technology of wrapping a Reinforced Concrete (RC) beam with composite material has become popular and widely employed in structural applications. FRP has a lower labour cost and is a simple technique to reinforce buildings for a more effective solution. The experimental and analytical work was done for both conventional and CFRP strengthening with various intervals, such as CFRP wrapped with a 100mm interval, CFRP wrapped with a 200mm interval, and CFRP wrapped without an interval, with improved results in deformationand stress analysis. All of the experimental data were compared to the calculated analytical values. When CFRP is used on a beam, it enhances its strength, load bearing capability, and ductility.","PeriodicalId":14418,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Construction Engineering and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88677852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-14DOI: 10.30880/ijscet.2023.14.01.031
Ngo Thanh-Long
The construction field has an important and meaningful role in the economy of any nation, especially developing nations. However, construction is one of the most dangerous fields and has the highest rate of accidents, including deaths and disabling injuries in the world. The construction field uses many tower cranes, especiallyfor constructing multi-storey buildings, factories, or in urban areas, and requires an increasing number of tower cranes. Tower cranes certainly contribute to the high rate of construction injuries and fatalities, in which tower crane installation and dismantling take a high rate. Accidents during tower crane installation and dismantling can killpeople (workers and citizens) as well as delays in construction schedules of project and/or damage to buildings and machines under construction. As a result, the cost of costruction projects can increase. In this paper, safety risk factors during tower crane installation and dismantling on construction sites in Vietnam are estimated byshowing their likelihood of occurrence, degree of influence, and risk levels. A suitable-structured questionnaire was produced and sent to get data that had their likelihood of occurrence and degree of influence by applying a five-point Likert scale. The results showed that “Time constraints are requested by investor, principal contractor or employer” is the most likely factor with a mean value of 3.60 and “Break of a wire rope occurring on dismantling” has the highest degree of influence, with a mean valueof4.18. The result also showed that there are 15/21 factors with a moderate risk level that is acceptable but, requires suitable controls to maintain a safe working condition of tower crane installation and dismantling. The results of the paper may help managers as well as practicians with good understandings of how to advance the safety of tower crane installation and dismantling on construction sites in Vietnam.
{"title":"An Estimation of the Safety Risk Factors Encountered During Tower Crane Installation and Dismantling on Construction Sites in Vietnam","authors":"Ngo Thanh-Long","doi":"10.30880/ijscet.2023.14.01.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijscet.2023.14.01.031","url":null,"abstract":"The construction field has an important and meaningful role in the economy of any nation, especially developing nations. However, construction is one of the most dangerous fields and has the highest rate of accidents, including deaths and disabling injuries in the world. The construction field uses many tower cranes, especiallyfor constructing multi-storey buildings, factories, or in urban areas, and requires an increasing number of tower cranes. Tower cranes certainly contribute to the high rate of construction injuries and fatalities, in which tower crane installation and dismantling take a high rate. Accidents during tower crane installation and dismantling can killpeople (workers and citizens) as well as delays in construction schedules of project and/or damage to buildings and machines under construction. As a result, the cost of costruction projects can increase. In this paper, safety risk factors during tower crane installation and dismantling on construction sites in Vietnam are estimated byshowing their likelihood of occurrence, degree of influence, and risk levels. A suitable-structured questionnaire was produced and sent to get data that had their likelihood of occurrence and degree of influence by applying a five-point Likert scale. The results showed that “Time constraints are requested by investor, principal contractor or employer” is the most likely factor with a mean value of 3.60 and “Break of a wire rope occurring on dismantling” has the highest degree of influence, with a mean valueof4.18. The result also showed that there are 15/21 factors with a moderate risk level that is acceptable but, requires suitable controls to maintain a safe working condition of tower crane installation and dismantling. The results of the paper may help managers as well as practicians with good understandings of how to advance the safety of tower crane installation and dismantling on construction sites in Vietnam.","PeriodicalId":14418,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Construction Engineering and Technology","volume":"131 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77880596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-14DOI: 10.30880/ijscet.2023.14.01.004
M. Hanafi, S. Abdullah, Zul Zakiyuddin Ahmad Rashid
A high value building that is one of the early signs of the arrival of Islam to Malaysia and Southeast Asia is the Kampung Laut Old Mosque(KLOM). The mosque has been relocated to its original location, Kampung Laut, Tumpat to re-assimilate the original culture and landscape of its construction. The experience of implementing procedures for the relocation and retention of these heritage values should be gained as much as possible by the stakeholders of the construction industry. It can be used as one of a solid foundation to strengthen the role of the construction industry as a trigger for the development of other industries such as tourism; hence the economy of a country. At the same time, it is able to maintain the heritage values of the special buildings of the KLOM. Therefore, the objective of this study is to develop a framework for the implementation procedures for the relocation and conservation of the heritage values of the KLOM. Structured interviews were conducted with fourteen (14) respondents directly involved in the successful relocation and conservation of the heritage values of this mosque. This study revealed four (4) main categories containing eighteen (18) sub-categories belong to the independent variables. These independent variables will significantly affect the dependent variables in performing the procedure. This study also reveals four (4) elements of dependent variables in the procedure of relocation and conservation of heritage values of the KLOM, namely cost, quality, time and scope. The formation of this framework has revealed the holistic implementation procedure of a special building such as the KLOM. It is capable of being manipulated by stakeholders to implement such procedures effectively on other specialty constructions. In turn, it is able to increase the competitiveness of the construction industry to effectively contribute to the economy of a country.
Kampung Laut Old Mosque(KLOM)是一座高价值的建筑，是伊斯兰教进入马来西亚和东南亚的早期标志之一。清真寺被重新安置到原来的位置，甘榜Laut, Tumpat，重新吸收其建筑的原始文化和景观。建造业的持份者应尽可能多地汲取有关搬迁和保留这些文物价值的执行程序的经验。它可以作为一个坚实的基础，加强建造业的作用，作为旅游业等其他行业发展的触发器;因此，一个国家的经济。与此同时，它能够保持KLOM特殊建筑的遗产价值。因此，本研究的目的是为九龙海底管理局的文物价值的迁移和保护制定一个实施程序的框架。我们对14位直接参与清真寺遗产价值成功迁移和保护的受访者进行了结构化访谈。本研究揭示了四(4)个主要类别包含十八(18)个子类别属于自变量。这些自变量将显著影响执行过程中的因变量。本研究还揭示了在龙湖遗址价值迁移与保护过程中的4个因变量要素，即成本、质量、时间和范围。这个框架的形成揭示了像KLOM这样的特殊建筑的整体实施过程。它能够被利益相关者操纵，在其他专业建设中有效地实施这些程序。反过来，它可以提高建设行业的竞争力，从而有效地为一个国家的经济做出贡献。
{"title":"Framework for the Implementation Procedures of Relocation and Conservation of the Kampung Laut Old Mosque: A Contractor's Perspective","authors":"M. Hanafi, S. Abdullah, Zul Zakiyuddin Ahmad Rashid","doi":"10.30880/ijscet.2023.14.01.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijscet.2023.14.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"A high value building that is one of the early signs of the arrival of Islam to Malaysia and Southeast Asia is the Kampung Laut Old Mosque(KLOM). The mosque has been relocated to its original location, Kampung Laut, Tumpat to re-assimilate the original culture and landscape of its construction. The experience of implementing procedures for the relocation and retention of these heritage values should be gained as much as possible by the stakeholders of the construction industry. It can be used as one of a solid foundation to strengthen the role of the construction industry as a trigger for the development of other industries such as tourism; hence the economy of a country. At the same time, it is able to maintain the heritage values of the special buildings of the KLOM. Therefore, the objective of this study is to develop a framework for the implementation procedures for the relocation and conservation of the heritage values of the KLOM. Structured interviews were conducted with fourteen (14) respondents directly involved in the successful relocation and conservation of the heritage values of this mosque. This study revealed four (4) main categories containing eighteen (18) sub-categories belong to the independent variables. These independent variables will significantly affect the dependent variables in performing the procedure. This study also reveals four (4) elements of dependent variables in the procedure of relocation and conservation of heritage values of the KLOM, namely cost, quality, time and scope. The formation of this framework has revealed the holistic implementation procedure of a special building such as the KLOM. It is capable of being manipulated by stakeholders to implement such procedures effectively on other specialty constructions. In turn, it is able to increase the competitiveness of the construction industry to effectively contribute to the economy of a country.","PeriodicalId":14418,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Construction Engineering and Technology","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81831763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-14DOI: 10.30880/ijscet.2023.14.01.023
Ali Ramazan Borujerdi
Soil is normally heterogeneous and non-uniform material since it is made up of diverse types of matter. Understanding of soil parameters is one of the foremost complex assignments in geotechnical design. A few laboratory tests of soil need to carry out for engineering practices. Research facility tests take too much time to achieve and are excessive moreover. There's another elective way to urge soil parameters direct from the soil field investigation report to spare time and fetched. The objective ofthis consideration is to explore the relationships of soil parameters with the most commonly utilized soil investigating apparatuses SPT and CPT and other soil parameters that relate to direct applications in designing practice. In this investigate, four sets of in-situ tests were created in order to study the appropriateness of different existing CPT-SPT relationships to the alluvial silty sand soils. The recouped tests from SPT tests contain a calculable sum of fines (fc) extending from 3.5 to 39.2 percent and mean grain measure (D50) extending from 0.09 to 0.23 mm. Ponder comes about demonstrated that qc/N ratio as a function of D50and fc-based relationships are ineffectively pertinent to the silty sand soils. This paper recommends that q/(N1)60ratio as a function of increasing steadily can be way better related in silty sand soils rather than research facility-based D50or fcrelationships. An exertion has moreover been made to perform a comparative investigation for the compelling point of inside contact gotten from CPT, SPT, direct shear tests, andtriaxial tests.
{"title":"Site Characterization of Alluvial Silty Sand Soils by Dynamic In-Situ and Laboratory Tests","authors":"Ali Ramazan Borujerdi","doi":"10.30880/ijscet.2023.14.01.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijscet.2023.14.01.023","url":null,"abstract":"Soil is normally heterogeneous and non-uniform material since it is made up of diverse types of matter. Understanding of soil parameters is one of the foremost complex assignments in geotechnical design. A few laboratory tests of soil need to carry out for engineering practices. Research facility tests take too much time to achieve and are excessive moreover. There's another elective way to urge soil parameters direct from the soil field investigation report to spare time and fetched. The objective ofthis consideration is to explore the relationships of soil parameters with the most commonly utilized soil investigating apparatuses SPT and CPT and other soil parameters that relate to direct applications in designing practice. In this investigate, four sets of in-situ tests were created in order to study the appropriateness of different existing CPT-SPT relationships to the alluvial silty sand soils. The recouped tests from SPT tests contain a calculable sum of fines (fc) extending from 3.5 to 39.2 percent and mean grain measure (D50) extending from 0.09 to 0.23 mm. Ponder comes about demonstrated that qc/N ratio as a function of D50and fc-based relationships are ineffectively pertinent to the silty sand soils. This paper recommends that q/(N1)60ratio as a function of increasing steadily can be way better related in silty sand soils rather than research facility-based D50or fcrelationships. An exertion has moreover been made to perform a comparative investigation for the compelling point of inside contact gotten from CPT, SPT, direct shear tests, andtriaxial tests.","PeriodicalId":14418,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Construction Engineering and Technology","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84465820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-14DOI: 10.30880/ijscet.2023.14.01.015
S. Mollaei, A. Fahmi, Davoud Jahani, Zohre Babaei Golsefidi, Reza Babaei, Mohammad Reza Hanafi
Carbon dioxide emission and consumption of large amounts of natural resources are the environmental hazards observed in the production process of various commonly used construction materials, like Portland cement and clay bricks. Also, debris from the demolition of old buildings and disposing of the waste of construction material factories also cause environmental pollution. Producing environmentally friendly geopolymer materials with recycling construction wastes containing aluminosilicate resources and alkaline activators could be an effective method for reduction of environmental hazards. This paper is an innovative feasibility study of geopolymer material production using the waste autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) powder. Here, a mix of AAC powder together with activator solution containing sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate at different concentrations was used to prepare the geopolymer mortar samples. The specimens were oven-cured at different temperatures. The effects of sodium hydroxide concentration and curing temperature on the compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths, as well as water absorption of the samples, were investigated. The main contribution of this study is the feasibility of the successful fabrication of geopolymer material based on AAC waste powder with desirable mechanical properties. Namely, the compressive strength of the base AAC blocks used here was 3 MPa and the maximum strength of the produced geopolymer material using the AAC powder was about 21 MPa. The test results were used to develop a model to predict the compressive strength of the proposed geopolymer AAC material to the effective parameters by Gene Expression Programming. The model predictions were confirmed using an extra series of test results implemented by the authors.
{"title":"A Predictive Model for the Strength of a Novel Geopolymer Construction Material Produced by Autoclaved Aerated Concrete Waste","authors":"S. Mollaei, A. Fahmi, Davoud Jahani, Zohre Babaei Golsefidi, Reza Babaei, Mohammad Reza Hanafi","doi":"10.30880/ijscet.2023.14.01.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijscet.2023.14.01.015","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon dioxide emission and consumption of large amounts of natural resources are the environmental hazards observed in the production process of various commonly used construction materials, like Portland cement and clay bricks. Also, debris from the demolition of old buildings and disposing of the waste of construction material factories also cause environmental pollution. Producing environmentally friendly geopolymer materials with recycling construction wastes containing aluminosilicate resources and alkaline activators could be an effective method for reduction of environmental hazards. This paper is an innovative feasibility study of geopolymer material production using the waste autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) powder. Here, a mix of AAC powder together with activator solution containing sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate at different concentrations was used to prepare the geopolymer mortar samples. The specimens were oven-cured at different temperatures. The effects of sodium hydroxide concentration and curing temperature on the compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths, as well as water absorption of the samples, were investigated. The main contribution of this study is the feasibility of the successful fabrication of geopolymer material based on AAC waste powder with desirable mechanical properties. Namely, the compressive strength of the base AAC blocks used here was 3 MPa and the maximum strength of the produced geopolymer material using the AAC powder was about 21 MPa. The test results were used to develop a model to predict the compressive strength of the proposed geopolymer AAC material to the effective parameters by Gene Expression Programming. The model predictions were confirmed using an extra series of test results implemented by the authors.","PeriodicalId":14418,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Construction Engineering and Technology","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78401911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-14DOI: 10.30880/ijscet.2023.14.01.014
A. Sedaghati, Hamid Talebkhah, Sogand Omrani
One of the UN's Human Development Reports on Migration shows that the negative impact of migrants on host communities is inconsistent with reality. The main message of the Human Development Report is that the benefits of human development can be reaped by reducing barriers to mobility and improving the treatment of migrants. The present study is done, using a descriptive-analytical method of applied studies. This study tries to calculate and analyze the Human Development Index (HDI) during the official general census of the country in 2006, 2011 and 2016 and do a comparative study among "population of the province", "urban areas of the county" and "immigrants" in the county of Bojnord, using two possible methods of calculation and analysis of this index (Natural and geometric method in addition to changes in the type of data in accordance with the old and new method proposed by the United Nations and contained in valid scientific texts in calculating the human development index). According to the findings, migration has not reduced the human development index, and has also grown at all three levels. On the other hand, the results show that migration is not necessarily associated with negative consequences and, conversely, has been able to accelerate development in the host society, and this is because the nature of modern migration is more related to improving one's position in society and human mobility than simply respond to the basic instincts of survival. The index calculated for immigrants in 2016 (0.752) was more than the other two periods (0.744 and 0.7); While the number of immigrants entering the urban areas of the county was less than the previous two periods. In general, the development index of 2011 and 2016 is more than 2006, due to the opportunities created by the centralization of Bojnord in 2005.
{"title":"Analyzing The Role of Migration Phenomenon on The Human Development Index of The City, Case Study: Bojnord City","authors":"A. Sedaghati, Hamid Talebkhah, Sogand Omrani","doi":"10.30880/ijscet.2023.14.01.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijscet.2023.14.01.014","url":null,"abstract":"One of the UN's Human Development Reports on Migration shows that the negative impact of migrants on host communities is inconsistent with reality. The main message of the Human Development Report is that the benefits of human development can be reaped by reducing barriers to mobility and improving the treatment of migrants. The present study is done, using a descriptive-analytical method of applied studies. This study tries to calculate and analyze the Human Development Index (HDI) during the official general census of the country in 2006, 2011 and 2016 and do a comparative study among \"population of the province\", \"urban areas of the county\" and \"immigrants\" in the county of Bojnord, using two possible methods of calculation and analysis of this index (Natural and geometric method in addition to changes in the type of data in accordance with the old and new method proposed by the United Nations and contained in valid scientific texts in calculating the human development index). According to the findings, migration has not reduced the human development index, and has also grown at all three levels. On the other hand, the results show that migration is not necessarily associated with negative consequences and, conversely, has been able to accelerate development in the host society, and this is because the nature of modern migration is more related to improving one's position in society and human mobility than simply respond to the basic instincts of survival. The index calculated for immigrants in 2016 (0.752) was more than the other two periods (0.744 and 0.7); While the number of immigrants entering the urban areas of the county was less than the previous two periods. In general, the development index of 2011 and 2016 is more than 2006, due to the opportunities created by the centralization of Bojnord in 2005.","PeriodicalId":14418,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Construction Engineering and Technology","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91013429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-14DOI: 10.30880/ijscet.2023.14.01.013
Ogulcan Yazgan, Yucel Ozturkoglu, Yesim Deniz Ozkan-Ozen
Due to the decreasing resources in the world, different recycling applications in different sectors are gaining more importance. Urban transformations initiated especially for earthquake remnants and old buildings provide many advantages for the construction sector. Recycling of valuable materials from the wastes from each demolished construction site is very important in terms of costs. It is also important to analyse the effectiveness of both public and private companies to compare different approaches and illustrate best practices. From this point of view, this research has been carried out on the recycling of construction and demolition wastes in Turkey and the performance of companies dealing with this business. Analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and gray relations analysis (GRA) will be applied for the evaluation phase. The criteria will be analysed through AHP and the connectionbetween companies will be determined with the GRA method. According to the results, potential improvement opportunities will be identified to increase the performance and competitiveness of construction excavation companies. This will also allow the findings to serve as a potential model for other construction companies operating under different contingency factors, as well as presenting the list of criteria that construction companies should pay attention for performance evaluation.
{"title":"Construction and Demolition Waste Management in Urban Transformation: A Case Study for Performance Evaluation","authors":"Ogulcan Yazgan, Yucel Ozturkoglu, Yesim Deniz Ozkan-Ozen","doi":"10.30880/ijscet.2023.14.01.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijscet.2023.14.01.013","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the decreasing resources in the world, different recycling applications in different sectors are gaining more importance. Urban transformations initiated especially for earthquake remnants and old buildings provide many advantages for the construction sector. Recycling of valuable materials from the wastes from each demolished construction site is very important in terms of costs. It is also important to analyse the effectiveness of both public and private companies to compare different approaches and illustrate best practices. From this point of view, this research has been carried out on the recycling of construction and demolition wastes in Turkey and the performance of companies dealing with this business. Analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and gray relations analysis (GRA) will be applied for the evaluation phase. The criteria will be analysed through AHP and the connectionbetween companies will be determined with the GRA method. According to the results, potential improvement opportunities will be identified to increase the performance and competitiveness of construction excavation companies. This will also allow the findings to serve as a potential model for other construction companies operating under different contingency factors, as well as presenting the list of criteria that construction companies should pay attention for performance evaluation.","PeriodicalId":14418,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Construction Engineering and Technology","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80957142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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